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Article ; Online: Consumer health risk assessment from some heavy metal bioaccumulation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from lake Koka, Ethiopia

Mathewos Temesgen Kebede / Lemi Geleta

Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp e14560- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Heavy metal pollution is a serious problem in Ethiopian rift valley lakes, including Lake Koka, as a result of unmanaged industrial waste pollution. However, the bioaccumulation level in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), a commercially important fish ... ...

Abstract	Heavy metal pollution is a serious problem in Ethiopian rift valley lakes, including Lake Koka, as a result of unmanaged industrial waste pollution. However, the bioaccumulation level in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), a commercially important fish species, are unknown. The aim of this research was, therefore, to assess the heavy metal bioaccumulation in edible parts of common carp in Lake Koka and the associated health risks. Three sampling sites were selected randomly for primary data collection. Four heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn) were analyzed in water and the edible part of the fish using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The mean concentrations of Zn, Cr and Cd in the edible part of fish ranged from 0.07 to 0.36 mg kg−1, Not Detected (ND)-0.24 mg kg−1 and ND-0.03 mg kg−1, respectively. Site 2 had the highest Zn and Cd content, while Site 3 had the highest Cr content. Pb was however not identified. The amount of Cr was above the permissible limit of FAO and the bioaccumulation showed marked differences among the sampling sites (p < 0.05). The concentrations of Cd, Pb and were below the maximum permissible limit. Cr and Zn had the highest and lowest transfer factor values, respectively. The carcinogenic hazard ratio values were below the threshold value (<1). The estimated weekly intake of heavy metals from fish muscles ranked as Cr > Zn > Cd, but the values were lower than the Reference Dose limit (RfDo). The carcinogenic risk value also indicated a low health risk associated with individual metals intake. Furthermore, the hazard index of the edible part of fish was less than unity. Generally, the water quality is not a risk for the survival and reproduction of fish and the heavy metal contents in the edible parts of fish exhibited low carcinogenic risk through the food chain.
Keywords	Bio-accumulation ; Cyprinus carpio ; Hazard risk ; Heavy metals ; Lake Koka ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Does non-farm employment increase rural households' consumption in western Ethiopia? Empirical evidence from the horo guduru wollega zone.

Tesgera, Wakuma Dufera / Beyene, Amsalu Bedemo / Wakjira, Temesgen Kebede

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 7, Page(s) e26449

Abstract: In rural areas where farming is the primary source of income for farmers, engaging in non-farm activities can provide an additional source of income and improve household consumption. However, several social and economic factors present challenges to the ...

Abstract	In rural areas where farming is the primary source of income for farmers, engaging in non-farm activities can provide an additional source of income and improve household consumption. However, several social and economic factors present challenges to the involvement of rural households in non-farm activities. This study aimed to examine the impact of non-farm participation on household consumption in rural areas.A multistage sampling method was used to select the sample households from the study area. Heckman's two-step procedure was utilized to analyze survey data obtained from 383 rural household heads. The results indicated that participating in non-farm employment had a positive and significant effect on household consumption levels. The result indicated that households that engage in non-farm activities had higher levels of consumption compared to those who do not participate in such activities. The study also identified several factors that influence household consumption in rural areas. These factors include education, access to credit, distance to market, TLU (Tropical Livestock Unit), membership in "
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26449
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The Effect of Organic Solid Waste Compost on Soil Properties, Growth, and Yield of Swiss Chard Crop (Beta vulgaris L.)

Temesgen Kebede / Dereje Diriba / Ararsa Boki

The Scientific World Journal, Vol

2023 Volume 2023

Abstract: In Dilla town and the university compound, huge amounts of biodegradable solid waste (BDSW), which include food and farm and yard wastes, are generated from student and staff cafeterias and animal farms. Improper treatment and disposal of this waste ... ...

Abstract	In Dilla town and the university compound, huge amounts of biodegradable solid waste (BDSW), which include food and farm and yard wastes, are generated from student and staff cafeterias and animal farms. Improper treatment and disposal of this waste resulted in contamination of surface water and soil, air pollution, and spreading of diseases. On the other hand, soil fertility of most arable lands of Dilla Zuria woreda is highly depleted due to low levels of soil fertility management practices and inorganic-based farming. These factors make a considerable contribution to the degradation of fertile soil and reduction of yield. Thus, the management of BDSW through composting is important to minimize environmental problems and improve the soil fertility of arable lands. However, the effects of BSWC compost on plant growth and crop yield are highly variable in different studies. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of food waste compost (FWC) and leaf yard compost (LYC) at different application rates on the soil properties, growth, and yield responses of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L.). Food waste, leaf and yard waste, and animal dung were collected and composted in a heap-composting method. The produced organic amendments were applied to soil at an application rate of 5, 10, and 15 t/ha, respectively. Two harvesting times were considered, and at each leaf harvesting time, plant growth parameters (height, leaf number, leaf area, and fresh weight) were analyzed; after the second harvesting time, soil properties were analyzed. Results indicated that increasing rates of FWC significantly (p < 0.001) increased the plant height, leaf area, and fresh yield of Swiss chard. The application of 15 t/ha of FWC also increased SOC, TN, available P, and CEC. Food waste was recycled through composting as a soil amendment to improve soil properties and the yield of Swiss chard.
Keywords	Technology ; T ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of Biochar and Compost Application on Soil Properties and on the Growth and Yield of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Temesgen Kebede / Dargie Tsegay Berhe / Yohannes Zergaw

Applied and Environmental Soil Science, Vol

2023 Volume 2023

Abstract: Improper depositions of organic waste threaten the environment. On the other hand, intensive soil cultivation, inappropriate utilization of inorganic fertilizers, and inadequate soil management practices in the study area resulted in soil fertility ... ...

Abstract	Improper depositions of organic waste threaten the environment. On the other hand, intensive soil cultivation, inappropriate utilization of inorganic fertilizers, and inadequate soil management practices in the study area resulted in soil fertility reduction and poor crop growth. The addition of organic fertilizers from organic waste (biochar and compost) to soil can be considered an environmental-friendly and climate-smart practice able to improve soil properties and the yield of crops. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the potential of organic amendment with coffee pulp compost (CPC), coffee pulp biochar (CPB), and their combination (CPC_CPB) on selected soil properties and hot pepper yield. The field experiment was conducted in the 2020 and 2021 growing seasons by adopting a randomized complete block design with a factorial experiment using CPC, CPB, and CPC_CPB treatments in different application rates. Results indicated that, in both years, the maximum dose (4 t/ha) of biochar significantly improved the yield of hot pepper and some soil chemical properties such as pH, OC, TN, P, K, Ca2+, Mg2+ contents, and CEC. When 2021 is compared with the 2020 growing season in terms of hot pepper yield, the treatments 4 CPB, 10 CPC, and 7 CPC_CPB increased the yield by 4.61, 1.62, and 1.55%, respectively. Thus, an application rate of CPB at the rate of 4 t/ha is considered suitable to improve hot pepper yield and soil properties. Therefore, the highest dose of CPB, followed by CPC_CPB and CPC can be considered as suitable to improve both soil fertility and hot pepper yield.
Keywords	Agriculture (General) ; S1-972 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Smallholder farmers' perception of climate change and choice of adaptation strategies in East Hararghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

Titay Zeleke / Fekadu Beyene / Temesgen Deressa / Jemal Yousuf / Temesgen Kebede

International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, Vol 15, Iss 4, Pp 515-

2023 Volume 536

Abstract: Purpose – Change of climate is attributed to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere observed over comparable periods. The purpose of this paper is to explore smallholder farmers' perceptions of climate change and compare it ... ...

Abstract	Purpose – Change of climate is attributed to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere observed over comparable periods. The purpose of this paper is to explore smallholder farmers' perceptions of climate change and compare it with meteorological data, as well as to identify perceived adaptation barriers and examine the factors that influence the choice of adaptation options in eastern Ethiopia. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 384 sample households were chosen from four districts of the zone. A cross-sectional survey was used to conduct the study. Primary data was acquired through key informant interviews, focus group discussions and semistructured interviews, whereas meteorological data was collected from the National Meteorological Service Agency of Ethiopia. A Mann–Kendall statistical test was used to analyze temperature and rainfall trends over 33 years. A multivariate probit (MVP) model was used to identify the determinants of farmers' choice of climate change adaptation strategies. Findings – The result indicated that temperature was significantly increased, whereas rainfall was significantly reduced over the time span of 33 years. This change in climate over time was consistently perceived by farmers. Smallholder farmers use improved varieties of crops, crop diversification, adjusting planting dates, soil and water conservation practices, reducing livestock holdings, planting trees and small-scale irrigation adaptation strategies. Moreover, this study indicated that sex of the household head, landholding size, livestock ownership, access to extension, access to credit, social capital, market distance, access to climate change-related training, nonfarm income, agroecological setting and poverty status of the households significantly influence farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies. Research limitations/implications – Further research is required to evaluate the economic impact of each adaptation options on the livelihood of smallholder farmers. Practical implications – ...
Keywords	Adaptation ; Climate change ; Perception ; Mann–Kendall ; Multivariate probit ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Meteorology. Climatology ; QC851-999
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Emerald Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Organic Amendments

Dargie Tsegay Berhe / Yohannes Zergaw / Temesgen Kebede

The Scientific World Journal, Vol

Direct Application and Residual Effects on Vegetative and Reproductive Growth of Hot Pepper

2022 Volume 2022

Abstract: The high production potential of coffee and animals in the Gedeo zone that could produce huge amounts of coffee pulp and animal manure wastes has been polluting the environment. In this sense, this study was aimed at averting pollution and managing plant ...

Abstract	The high production potential of coffee and animals in the Gedeo zone that could produce huge amounts of coffee pulp and animal manure wastes has been polluting the environment. In this sense, this study was aimed at averting pollution and managing plant and animal wastes, focusing on the effect of coffee pulp and animal manure in the form of vermicompost, biochar, and ordinary compost on hot pepper vegetative and reproductive growth. A 15 ton per hectare of each treatment was applied in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Vegetative and reproductive growth parameters (plant height, leaf number, number of branches, days to 50% flowering, total fresh biomass, number of fruits per plant, single fruit length, and fruit yield per hectare) were recorded, and the statistical difference was determined at 5% significance level using R-program. The result showed that there was a significant difference among treatments. Coffee pulp vermicompost prepared using Eisenia fetida earthworm had significantly (P<0.05) higher results in plant height, leaf number, number of branches, total fresh biomass, number of fruits per plant, single fruit length, and total yield, while the minimum values were recorded in topsoil (control treatment) and animal manure compost. The direct and residual effects of vermicompost and biochar organic amendments were the potential organic fertilizers for hot pepper fast growth and to produce enormous yield, which might be due to their nature in improving soil physicochemical and biological properties as well as nutrient uptake.
Keywords	Technology ; T ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Economic valuation of improved irrigation water use

Mahmud Aman / Zekarias Shumeta / Temesgen Kebede

Cogent Environmental Science, Vol 6, Iss

the case of Meskan District, Southern Ethiopia

2020 Volume 1

Abstract: The economic value of water is essential for the rational allocation of the scarce water resource as its availability has become a problem in many countries of the world. This study specifically aimed to assess the households’ willingness to pay decision ...

Abstract	The economic value of water is essential for the rational allocation of the scarce water resource as its availability has become a problem in many countries of the world. This study specifically aimed to assess the households’ willingness to pay decision and to estimate farmers’ willingness to pay for improved irrigation water use. The primary was data collected from 210 households selected through a multistage sampling technique followed by a probability proportional to sample size while it was also supplemented by secondary data. Double-bounded dichotomous choices with follow-up open-ended questions of contingent valuation methods were employed. The result of the study showed that all of the households were willing to pay for improved irrigation water use. The mean willingness to pay for the use of improved irrigation water from the double-bounded dichotomous question of Seemingly Unrelated Bivariate Probit model was Birr 829.46 per year per timad (0.25 ha). On the other hand, the mean willingness to pay from open-ended questions was Birr 726.55 per year per timad (0.25 ha). The respective total aggregate value of improved irrigation water use in the study varies from 33,421,300 birr in open ended to 38,155,160 birr from double bound. Thus, appropriate irrigation water pricing will make the user more aware of the resource scarcity. Therefore, the study suggests a good indicator for the concerned body to invest in expanding the current irrigation projects and introducing proper irrigation water pricing, creating more value for improved irrigation, leading to efficient management of the improved system.
Keywords	economic valuation ; irrigation pricing ; seemingly unrelated bivariate probit ; meskan ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Vulnerability of Smallholder Farmers to Climate Change-Induced Shocks in East Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia

Titay Zeleke / Fekadu Beyene / Temesgen Deressa / Jemal Yousuf / Temesgen Kebede

Sustainability, Vol 13, Iss 4, p

2021 Volume 2162

Abstract: Vulnerability assessment varies widely across households, countries, and regions. Though many previous studies assessed vulnerability to climate change, their unit of analysis was aggregate. Therefore, the objective of this study was to measure the ... ...

Abstract	Vulnerability assessment varies widely across households, countries, and regions. Though many previous studies assessed vulnerability to climate change, their unit of analysis was aggregate. Therefore, the objective of this study was to measure the vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change at the household level and identify its determinant factors in east Hararghe zone. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select districts, kebeles, and sample respondents. Vulnerability as expected poverty approach was used to measure household-level vulnerability. Logit model was also used to assess factors contributing to households’ vulnerability. The study revealed that 73% of households were vulnerable to climate-induced shocks. Households with better farm experience, land size, livestock ownership, access to credit, access to extension service, social capital, access to climate information, non-farm income, and headed by a male were not vulnerable to climate change; whereas households who were living in low and midland agro-ecologies, far from the market, and participating in productive safety-net programs were vulnerable to climate change. The study indicated that the vulnerability of smallholder farmers was sensitive to the minimum income required to maintain daily life. Income-generating activities that supplement farm income should be well designed in policy to reduce the vulnerability of smallholder farmers.
Keywords	vulnerability ; climate change ; VEP ; East Hararghe ; Ethiopia ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: The effect of governance on performance of commercial banks in Kenya

Nyamongo, Esman Morekwa / Temesgen, Kebede

Corporate governance : the international journal for effective board performance Vol. 13, No. 3 , p. 236-248

a panel study

2013 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 236–248

Author's details	Esman Morekwa Nyamongo and Kebede Temesgen
Keywords	Bankmanagement ; Corporate Governance ; Unternehmenserfolg ; Performance-Messung ; Panelforschung ; Kenia
Language	English
Size	graph. Darst.
Publisher	Emerald
Publishing place	Bradford
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2060206-6 ; 2108826-3
ISSN	1472-0701
ISSN	1472-0701
Database	ECONomics Information System

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