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Article: Signature whistles of the demographic unit of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting the Eastern Ligurian Sea: characterisation and comparison with the literature

Terranova, F. / Gnone, G. / Friard, O. / Bellingeri, M. / Giacoma, C. / Favaro, L.

The European zoological journal. 2021 Jan. 01, v. 88, no. 1

2021

Abstract: Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) make extensive use of narrowband whistles with individually distinctive frequency modulations to broadcast their identity: the signature whistles. The acoustic structure of the signature whistles tends to be ... ...

Abstract	Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) make extensive use of narrowband whistles with individually distinctive frequency modulations to broadcast their identity: the signature whistles. The acoustic structure of the signature whistles tends to be stable over decades. Therefore, these vocalisations have the potential to be used for monitoring individuals over time. Our study investigated the acoustic structure of the signature whistles of the demographic unit of bottlenose dolphins inhabiting the Eastern Ligurian Sea (Italy), within the Pelagos Sanctuary. Through visual categorisation of spectrograms, we identified 941 whistle contours, 469 of them were classified as signature whistles using the SIGnature IDentification (SIG-ID) method. We further grouped these into 19 different categories based on their stereotyped frequency modulation patterns. To support our categorisation, we used a combination of a visual classification task conducted by six naïve judges and an automated analysis, the principal component analysis. Overall, this study characterises the signature whistles of the demographic unit of bottlenose dolphins inhabiting the Ligurian Sea for the first time. Furthermore, when comparing the acoustic features of these whistles with those of other different demographic units available from the literature, we observed differences in the values of the minimum and maximum frequencies. Considering the critical vessel traffic of our study area, we interpreted these variations in light of the high levels of anthropogenic noise. We recommend further investigations to understand the mechanisms underpinning the acoustic variation of bottlenose dolphins’ signature whistles and to elaborate effective management and protection policies for this species.
Keywords	Tursiops truncatus ; acoustics ; automation ; principal component analysis ; traffic ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0101
Size	p. 771-781.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ISSN	2475-0263
DOI	10.1080/24750263.2021.1936225
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Self-Driving Telescopes

Terranova, Franco / Voetberg, M. / Nord, Brian / Pagul, Amanda

Autonomous Scheduling of Astronomical Observation Campaigns with Offline Reinforcement Learning

2023

Abstract: Modern astronomical experiments are designed to achieve multiple scientific goals, from studies of galaxy evolution to cosmic acceleration. These goals require data of many different classes of night-sky objects, each of which has a particular set of ... ...

Abstract	Modern astronomical experiments are designed to achieve multiple scientific goals, from studies of galaxy evolution to cosmic acceleration. These goals require data of many different classes of night-sky objects, each of which has a particular set of observational needs. These observational needs are typically in strong competition with one another. This poses a challenging multi-objective optimization problem that remains unsolved. The effectiveness of Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a valuable paradigm for training autonomous systems has been well-demonstrated, and it may provide the basis for self-driving telescopes capable of optimizing the scheduling for astronomy campaigns. Simulated datasets containing examples of interactions between a telescope and a discrete set of sky locations on the celestial sphere can be used to train an RL model to sequentially gather data from these several locations to maximize a cumulative reward as a measure of the quality of the data gathered. We use simulated data to test and compare multiple implementations of a Deep Q-Network (DQN) for the task of optimizing the schedule of observations from the Stone Edge Observatory (SEO). We combine multiple improvements on the DQN and adjustments to the dataset, showing that DQNs can achieve an average reward of 87%+-6% of the maximum achievable reward in each state on the test set. This is the first comparison of offline RL algorithms for a particular astronomical challenge and the first open-source framework for performing such a comparison and assessment task. Comment: Accepted in Machine Learning and the Physical Sciences Workshop at NeurIPS 2023; 6 pages, 5 figures
Keywords	Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ; Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	004
Publishing date	2023-11-29
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A New Multi-Analyte LC-MS-MS Screening Method for the Detection of 120 NPSs and 49 Drugs in Hair.

Rubicondo, J / Scuffi, L / Pietrosemoli, L / Mineo, M / Terranova, F / Bartucca, M / Trignano, C / Bertol, E / Vaiano, F

Journal of analytical toxicology

2022 Volume 46, Issue 9, Page(s) e262–e273

Abstract: Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has been increasingly used for screening purposes in forensic toxicology. High versatility and low time/resource consumption are the main advantages of this technology. Numerous multi-analyte ... ...

Abstract	Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has been increasingly used for screening purposes in forensic toxicology. High versatility and low time/resource consumption are the main advantages of this technology. Numerous multi-analyte methods have been validated in order to face the analytical challenge of new psychoactive substances (NPSs). However, forensic toxicologists must focus the attention also on "classical" NPSs and medicines, such as benzodiazepines (BDZs) and prescription opioids. In this paper, a new method for the simultaneous detection of 169 substances (120 NPSs and 49 other drugs) in hair by LC-MS-MS is described. After the decontamination of hair samples with dichloromethane, a 20-mg aliquot of the sample was mixed with 1 mL of methanol (MeOH; 0.1% of formic acid) and then sonicated at room temperature for 2 h. The mixture was then dried under nitrogen stream and reconstituted with 100 µL of MeOH. LC separation was achieved with a 100-mm-long C18 column in 35 min, and mass acquisition was performed in dynamic multiple reaction monitoring mode and in positive ionization. The analysis results were very sensitive, with the limit of quantification ranging from 0.07 to 10.0 pg/mg. Accuracy and precision were always within the acceptable criteria. Matrix effect and recovery rate ranges were from -21.3 to + 21.9% and from 75.0 to 99.3%, respectively. The new method was successfully applied in a preliminary study on the prevalence of NPSs, BDZs and other substances in case of driving license issuance. In 14% of cases, BDZs/antidepressants (mainly trazodone, diazepam/nordiazepam and flunitrazepam) were found. Codeine, ketamine, methylone and mephedrone were also detected.
MeSH term(s)	Chromatography, Liquid/methods ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Substance Abuse Detection/methods ; Benzodiazepines/analysis ; Central Nervous System Agents ; Hair/chemistry ; Limit of Detection
Chemical Substances	Benzodiazepines (12794-10-4) ; Central Nervous System Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	752391-9
ISSN	1945-2403 ; 0146-4760
ISSN (online)	1945-2403
ISSN	0146-4760
DOI	10.1093/jat/bkac093
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 1333: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Penguins perceive variations of source- and filter-related vocal parameters of species-specific vocalisations.

Terranova, Francesca / Baciadonna, Luigi / Maccarone, Chiara / Isaja, Valentina / Gamba, Marco / Favaro, Livio

Animal cognition

2023 Volume 26, Issue 5, Page(s) 1613–1622

Abstract: Animal vocalisations encode a wide range of biological information about the age, sex, body size, and social status of the emitter. Moreover, vocalisations play a significant role in signalling the identity of the emitter to conspecifics. Recent studies ... ...

Abstract	Animal vocalisations encode a wide range of biological information about the age, sex, body size, and social status of the emitter. Moreover, vocalisations play a significant role in signalling the identity of the emitter to conspecifics. Recent studies have shown that, in the African penguin (Spheniscus demersus), acoustic cues to individual identity are encoded in the fundamental frequency (F
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Spheniscidae ; Vocalization, Animal ; Species Specificity ; Acoustics ; Sound
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-04
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1466332-6
ISSN	1435-9456 ; 1435-9448
ISSN (online)	1435-9456
ISSN	1435-9448
DOI	10.1007/s10071-023-01806-w
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Effect of Environmental Variables on African Penguin Vocal Activity: Implications for Acoustic Censusing.

Hacker, Franziska / Terranova, Francesca / Petersen, Gavin Sean / Tourtigues, Emma / Friard, Olivier / Gamba, Marco / Ludynia, Katrin / Gridley, Tess / Pichegru, Lorien / Mathevon, Nicolas / Reby, David / Favaro, Livio

Biology

2023 Volume 12, Issue 9

Abstract: Global biodiversity is in rapid decline, and many seabird species have disproportionally poorer conservation statuses than terrestrial birds. A good understanding of population dynamics is necessary for successful conservation efforts, making noninvasive, ...

Abstract	Global biodiversity is in rapid decline, and many seabird species have disproportionally poorer conservation statuses than terrestrial birds. A good understanding of population dynamics is necessary for successful conservation efforts, making noninvasive, cost-effective monitoring tools essential. Here, we set out to investigate whether passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) could be used to estimate the number of animals within a set area of an African penguin (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2661517-4
ISSN	2079-7737
ISSN	2079-7737
DOI	10.3390/biology12091191
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Low glycemic index diet restrains epileptogenesis in a gender-specific fashion.

Michetti, Caterina / Ferrante, Daniele / Parisi, Barbara / Ciano, Lorenzo / Prestigio, Cosimo / Casagrande, Silvia / Martinoia, Sergio / Terranova, Fabio / Millo, Enrico / Valente, Pierluigi / Giovedi', Silvia / Benfenati, Fabio / Baldelli, Pietro

Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS

2023 Volume 80, Issue 12, Page(s) 356

Abstract: Dietary restriction, such as low glycemic index diet (LGID), have been successfully used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy. However, if such diet could also counteract antiepileptogenesis is still unclear. Here, we investigated whether the administration ... ...

Abstract	Dietary restriction, such as low glycemic index diet (LGID), have been successfully used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy. However, if such diet could also counteract antiepileptogenesis is still unclear. Here, we investigated whether the administration of LGID during the latent pre-epileptic period, prevents or delays the appearance of the overt epileptic phenotype. To this aim, we used the Synapsin II knockout (SynIIKO) mouse, a model of temporal lobe epilepsy in which seizures manifest 2-3 months after birth, offering a temporal window in which LGID may affect epileptogenesis. Pregnant SynIIKO mice were fed with either LGID or standard diet during gestation and lactation. Both diets were maintained in weaned mice up to 5 months of age. LGID delayed the seizure onset and induced a reduction of seizures severity only in female SynIIKO mice. In parallel with the epileptic phenotype, high-density multielectrode array recordings revealed a reduction of frequency, amplitude, duration, velocity of propagation and spread of interictal events by LGID in the hippocampus of SynIIKO females, but not mutant males, confirming the gender-specific effect. ELISA-based analysis revealed that LGID increased cortico-hippocampal allopregnanolone (ALLO) levels only in females, while it was unable to affect ALLO plasma concentrations in either sex. The results indicate that the gender-specific interference of LGID with the epileptogenic process can be ascribed to a gender-specific increase in cortical ALLO, a neurosteroid known to strengthen GABAergic transmission. The study highlights the possibility of developing a personalized gender-based therapy for temporal lobe epilepsy.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Mice ; Animals ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/genetics ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/chemically induced ; Glycemic Index ; Seizures ; Hippocampus ; Epilepsy/genetics ; Diet
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1358415-7
ISSN	1420-9071 ; 1420-682X
ISSN (online)	1420-9071
ISSN	1420-682X
DOI	10.1007/s00018-023-04988-1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 195: Show issues

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Book ; Online: Assessment of few-hits machine learning classification algorithms for low energy physics in liquid argon detectors

Biassoni, Matteo / Giachero, Andrea / Grossi, Michele / Guffanti, Daniele / Labranca, Danilo / Moretti, Roberto / Rossi, Marco / Terranova, Francesco / Vallecorsa, Sofia

2023

Abstract: The physics potential of massive liquid argon TPCs in the low-energy regime is still to be fully reaped because few-hits events encode information that can hardly be exploited by conventional classification algorithms. Machine learning (ML) techniques ... ...

Abstract	The physics potential of massive liquid argon TPCs in the low-energy regime is still to be fully reaped because few-hits events encode information that can hardly be exploited by conventional classification algorithms. Machine learning (ML) techniques give their best in these types of classification problems. In this paper, we evaluate their performance against conventional (deterministic) algorithms. We demonstrate that both Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Transformer-Encoder methods outperform deterministic algorithms in one of the most challenging classification problems of low-energy physics (single- versus double-beta events). We discuss the advantages and pitfalls of Transformer-Encoder methods versus CNN and employ these methods to optimize the detector parameters, with an emphasis on the DUNE Phase II detectors ("Module of Opportunity").
Keywords	Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Physics - Data Analysis ; Statistics and Probability
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-05-16
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Electroencephalography signal processing based on textural features for monitoring the driver's state by a Brain-Computer Interface

Orrù, Giulia / Micheletto, Marco / Terranova, Fabio / Marcialis, Gian Luca

2020

Abstract: In this study we investigate a textural processing method of electroencephalography (EEG) signal as an indicator to estimate the driver's vigilance in a hypothetical Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system. The novelty of the solution proposed relies on ... ...

Abstract	In this study we investigate a textural processing method of electroencephalography (EEG) signal as an indicator to estimate the driver's vigilance in a hypothetical Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system. The novelty of the solution proposed relies on employing the one-dimensional Local Binary Pattern (1D-LBP) algorithm for feature extraction from pre-processed EEG data. From the resulting feature vector, the classification is done according to three vigilance classes: awake, tired and drowsy. The claim is that the class transitions can be detected by describing the variations of the micro-patterns' occurrences along the EEG signal. The 1D-LBP is able to describe them by detecting mutual variations of the signal temporarily "close" as a short bit-code. Our analysis allows to conclude that the 1D-LBP adoption has led to significant performance improvement. Moreover, capturing the class transitions from the EEG signal is effective, although the overall performance is not yet good enough to develop a BCI for assessing the driver's vigilance in real environments. Comment: Accepted for the 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2020)
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Subject code	004
Publishing date	2020-10-13
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cellulite: nature and aetiopathogenesis.

Terranova, F / Berardesca, E / Maibach, H

International journal of cosmetic science

2006 Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 157–167

Abstract: Only a limited number of studies on cellulite have been published in the international literature and many of them reach somewhat antithetical conclusions. Consequently, it is not yet possible to reconcile the extreme differences of opinion which have ... ...

Abstract	Only a limited number of studies on cellulite have been published in the international literature and many of them reach somewhat antithetical conclusions. Consequently, it is not yet possible to reconcile the extreme differences of opinion which have lingered on for years concerning the nature of this disorder, as well as its origin and even the most basic aspects of its histopathological classification. It does not even have a recognized name: in fact, the term 'cellulitis' is used in scientific English to indicate a spreading gangrenous infection of the subcutaneous cellular tissue. The other terms used from time to time [panniculitis, lipodystrophy, edematofibrosclerotic panniculitis (EFP), liposclerosis, lipoedema, etc.] have quite different morphological and pathogenetic connotations in general. Over the last few decades, three major conflicting theories have emerged in relation to the ethiopathogenesis of cellulite. These indicate, respectively, the following causes: 1. Oedema caused by excessive hydrophilia of the intercellular matrix. 2. A homeostatic alteration on a regional microcirculatory level; this pathogenetic theory is summarized in a synthetic and self-explanatory denomination: EFP. 3. A peculiar anatomical conformation of the subcutaneous tissue of women, different from male morphology. These theories must all now be updated in the light of recent advances on the sophisticated and composite physiopathology of the adipose organ - which acts not only as a control device which regulates the systematic equilibrium of energy and modulates the food intake and the metabolism of other tissue substrate through a multiple glandular secretion of hormones and parahormones.
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	198917-0
ISSN	1468-2494 ; 0142-5463
ISSN (online)	1468-2494
ISSN	0142-5463
DOI	10.1111/j.1467-2494.2006.00316.x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.B 2391: Show issues

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Book: Il federalismo di Mario Albertini

Terranova, Flavio

(Quaderni della rivista Il politico ; 50)

2003

Author's details	Flavio Terranova; presentazione di Arturo Colombo
Series title	Quaderni della rivista Il politico ; 50
Language	Italian
Size	XIX, 199 S, Ill, 24 cm
Publisher	Giuffrè ; Facoltà di Scienze Politiche dell'Univ. di Pavia
Publishing place	Milano ; Pavia
Document type	Book
Note	Contains bibliography (pp. 185-195), bibl. references, notes and name index ; Mario Albertini (1919-1997)
ISBN	881410039X ; 9788814100390
Database	Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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