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Article ; Online: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera

Alex Ahebwa / Jeffrey Hii / Kok-Boon Neoh / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

One Health, Vol 16, Iss , Pp 100555- (2023)

Culicidae) ecology, biology, behaviour, and implications on arbovirus transmission in Thailand: Review

2023

Abstract: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Aedes) transmit highly pathogenic viruses such as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika which can cause life-threatening diseases in humans. They are the most important vectors of arboviruses in Thailand. Their ... ...

Abstract	Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Aedes) transmit highly pathogenic viruses such as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika which can cause life-threatening diseases in humans. They are the most important vectors of arboviruses in Thailand. Their vectorial capacity (VC) is highly complex mainly due to the interplay between biotic and abiotic factors that vary in time and space. A literature survey was conducted to collate and discuss recent research regarding the influence of Aedes vector biology, behaviour, and ecology on arbovirus transmission in Thailand. The survey followed guidelines of preferred reporting items of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). All fields, keyword search was conducted in the Web of Science database for the period of 2000–2021. The search yielded 821 records on Ae. aegypti and 293 records on Aedes albopictus, of which 77 were selected for discussion. Genomic studies showed that there is a high genetic variation in Aedes albopictus whereas Ae. aegypti generally shows low genetic variation. Along with genetically unstable arboviruses, the interaction between Aedes and arboviruses is largely regulated by genomic events such as genetic mutations and immune response protein factors. Temperature and precipitation are the major climatic events driving arbovirus transmission. Human exposure risk factors are mainly due to multiple feeding patterns, including endophagy by Aedes albopictus and zoophagic behaviour of Ae. aegypti as well as diverse human-associated breeding sites. Integration of the One Health approach in control interventions is a priority with a rigorous focus on Aedes-arbovirus surveillance as a complementary strategy.
Keywords	Genetic variation ; Feeding patterns ; Climate ; Vectorial capacity ; Arbovirus transmission ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Synergistic Repellent and Irritant Effects of a Mixture of β-Caryophyllene Oxide and Vetiver Oil against Mosquito Vectors

Jirod Nararak / Unchalee Sanguanpong / Chutipong Sukkanon / Sylvie Manguin / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

Insects, Vol 14, Iss 773, p

2023 Volume 773

Abstract: Repellents play a major role in reducing the risk of mosquito-borne diseases by preventing mosquito bites. The present study evaluated the mosquito-repellent activity of β-caryophyllene oxide 1% (BCO), vetiver oil 2.5% (VO), and their binary mixtures ( ... ...

Abstract	Repellents play a major role in reducing the risk of mosquito-borne diseases by preventing mosquito bites. The present study evaluated the mosquito-repellent activity of β-caryophyllene oxide 1% (BCO), vetiver oil 2.5% (VO), and their binary mixtures (BCO + VO (1:1), BCO + VO (2:1), BCO + VO (1:2)) against four laboratory-colonized mosquito species, Aedes aegypti (L.), Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Anopheles minimus Theobald, and Culex quinquefasciatus Say, using an excito-repellency assay system. In general, the compound mixtures produced a much stronger response in the mosquitoes than single compounds, regardless of the test conditions or species. The greatest synergetic effect was achieved with the combination of BCO + VO (1:2) in both contact and noncontact trials with An. minimus (74.07–78.18%) and Cx. quinquefasciatus (55.36–83.64%). Knockdown responses to the binary mixture of BCO + VO were observed for Ae. albopictus , An. minimus, and Cx. quinquefasciatus , in the range of 18.18–33.33%. The synergistic repellent activity of BCO and VO used in this study may support increased opportunities to develop safer alternatives to synthetic repellents for personal protection against mosquitoes.
Keywords	β-caryophyllene oxide ; vetiver oil ; excito-repellency ; synergies ; avoidance behavior ; mosquito vectors ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.)

Phuangthip Bhoopong / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap / Chutipong Sukkanon

PeerJ, Vol 10, p e

2022 Volume 13357

Abstract: The development of local plant extracts as a mosquito repellent is environmentally safe, inexpensive, and easily accessible for residents. In this study, three extracts from two local plants, Myristica fragrans Houtt. (flesh and mace) and Curcuma longa L. ...

Abstract	The development of local plant extracts as a mosquito repellent is environmentally safe, inexpensive, and easily accessible for residents. In this study, three extracts from two local plants, Myristica fragrans Houtt. (flesh and mace) and Curcuma longa L. (rhizome) from southern Thailand, were investigated for their inherent repellent activity using the excito-repellency (ER) assay system against insectary-colonized Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). The escape responses of mosquitoes exposed to concentrations of 0.5% to 5.0% (w/v) were measured to determine the contact irritant and non-contact repellent properties of each extract. Both the flesh and mace extracts of M. fragrans had relatively limited contact irritants (28.1% and 34.6% escape) and non-contact repellent (16.7% and 18.3% escape) activities against Ae. aegypti, respectively. The C. longa rhizome extract produced higher escape responses in the non-contact (42.6% escape) and contact (41.4% escape) trials at concentrations of 5.0% and 1.0%, respectively. GC-MS analysis found diethyl malate (56.5%) and elemicin (11.7%) to be the main components of the flesh and mace extracts, respectively, while ar-turmerone (24.6%), β-turmerone (15.2%), α-turmerone (10.5%) were the primary constituents of the rhizome extract. Overall, our results indicate that both M. fragrans extracts primarily caused Ae. aegypti escape through contact irritation. For C. longa, lower concentrations (0.5% and 1.0%) exhibited contact irritancy, but higher concentrations (2.5% and 5.0%) exhibited non-contact repellency against Ae. aegypti. Although they had limited efficacy, further experiments (e.g., mixing with other plant-based compounds) could enhance the ER of both local plant extracts. Additional evaluation of these extracts against other mosquito species and the ER of their chemical components, either alone or in combination, would also be beneficial for the development of green repellents. Our findings emphasize the possibility of utilizing plant-based mosquito repellent ...
Keywords	Aedes aegypti ; Curcuma longa ; Excito-repellency ; Mosquito repellent ; Myristica fragrans ; Plant extract ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PeerJ Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: UV Light-Emitting-Diode Traps for Collecting Nocturnal Biting Mosquitoes in Urban Bangkok

Suntorn Pimnon / Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan / Anchana Sumarnrote / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

Insects, Vol 13, Iss 526, p

2022 Volume 526

Abstract: Well-designed surveillance systems are required to facilitate a control program for vector-borne diseases. Light traps have long been used to sample large numbers of insect species and are regarded as one of the standard choices for baseline insect ... ...

Abstract	Well-designed surveillance systems are required to facilitate a control program for vector-borne diseases. Light traps have long been used to sample large numbers of insect species and are regarded as one of the standard choices for baseline insect surveys. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of six ultraviolet light-emitting diodes and one fluorescent light for trapping urban nocturnal mosquito species within the Kasetsart University (KU), Bangkok. Ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs), (LED365, LED375, LED385, LED395, and LED405) and a fluorescent light were randomly assigned to six different locations around the campus in a Latin square design. The traps were operated continuously from 18:00 h to 06:00 h throughout the night. The traps were rotated between six locations for 72 collection-nights during the dry and wet seasons. In total, 6929 adult mosquitoes were caught, with the most predominant genus being Culex , followed by Aedes , Anopheles , Armigeres and Mansonia . Among the Culex species, Culex quinquefasciatus ( n = 5121: 73.9%) was the most abundant followed by Culex gelidus ( n = 1134: 16.4%) and Culex vishnui ( n = 21: 0.3%). Small numbers of Aedes , Armigeres, and Anopheles mosquitoes were trapped [ Aedes albopictus ( n = 219: 3.2%), Aedes pocilius ( n = 137: 2.0%), Armigeres subalbatus ( n = 97: 1.4%), Anopheles vagus ( n = 70: 1.0%), Aedes aegypti ( n = 23: 0.3%)]. There were 2582 specimens (37.2%) captured in fluorescent light traps, whereas 942 (13.6%), 934 (13.5%), 854 (12.3%), 820 (11.8%), and 797 (11.5%) were captured in the LED375, LED405, LED395, LED365, and LED385 traps, respectively. None of the UV-LED light traps were as efficacious for sampling nocturnal mosquito species as the fluorescent light trap. Among the five UV-LED light sources, LED375 trapped the greatest number of mosquitoes. Additional field trials are needed to validate these findings in different settings in order to substantially assess the potential of the LEDs to trap outdoor nocturnal ...
Keywords	light traps ; fluorescent ; Culex ; Aedes ; Thailand ; Science ; Q
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Review of Termite Species and Their Distribution in Thailand

Watthanasak Lertlumnaphakul / Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan / Charunee Vongkaluang / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

Insects, Vol 13, Iss 186, p

2022 Volume 186

Abstract: Although 3105 termite species have been documented worldwide, little information is available on those in Thailand. In this review, the Google Scholar search platform and the Scopus and Science Direct databases were used to obtain information on termite ... ...

Abstract	Although 3105 termite species have been documented worldwide, little information is available on those in Thailand. In this review, the Google Scholar search platform and the Scopus and Science Direct databases were used to obtain information on termite species and for georeferencing. The QGIS software was used to create point localities that were overlaid on the Thailand administrative level 1 (province) to map the distribution of termite species in the country based on the World Geodetic System 1984. From the 19 reviewed sources, 44 defined coordinates were identified in 14 provinces across Thailand. Among these 44 coordinates, we found 75 termite species and 83 unknown species of termites; in total, 36 termite species were from the North (6 locations), 33 species were from the Northeast (10 locations), 34 species were from the West (4 locations), 29 species were from the Central region (3 locations), 44 species were from the East (8 locations), and 54 species were from the South (13 locations). The most predominant species in all regions were Globitermes sulphureus , Macrotermes gilvus , Microcerotermes crassus , and Microtermes obesi .
Keywords	termite species ; survey ; Blattodea ; geographic information system ; Thailand ; Science ; Q
Subject code	590 ; 580
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Efficacy of Ultrasonic Pest Repellent Devices against the Australian Paralysis Tick, Ixodes holocyclus (Acari

Amonrat Panthawong / Stephen L. Doggett / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

Insects, Vol 12, Iss 400, p

Ixodidae)

2021 Volume 400

Abstract: Ultrasonic pest repellers are often promoted as a means of protecting people and pets from the bites of hematophagous arthropods, such as ticks. However, to date, there has been no published research on the effectiveness of these devices against the ... ...

Abstract	Ultrasonic pest repellers are often promoted as a means of protecting people and pets from the bites of hematophagous arthropods, such as ticks. However, to date, there has been no published research on the effectiveness of these devices against the Australian paralysis tick, Ixodes holocyclus Neumann. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of nine ultrasonic devices against female I. holocyclus . Two arenas were constructed, one for the test (with the ultrasonic device) and one for the control (no device). Each arena had a test and an escape chamber, connected by a corridor. Twenty ticks were placed in each test chamber. After the ultrasonic device was operated for 1 h, the number of ticks in both chambers was recorded. Ten replicates were conducted for each device. The average number of ticks that moved from the test to the escape chamber was greater in all the test arenas, with three devices being statistically different from the control. However, the highest percent of ticks that escaped was only 19.5%. This amount is insufficient to offer adequate protection against tick bites and this study adds further weight to previous investigations that ultrasonic devices should not be employed in pest management.
Keywords	efficacy testing ; non-chemical control ; tick bite prevention ; tick repellent ; ultrasonic repellers ; Science ; Q
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Baseline study of the morphological and genetic characteristics of Haemoproteus parasites in wild pigeons (Columba livia) from paddy fields in Thailand

Phirom Prompiram / Chalisa Mongkolphan / Kanaporn Poltep / Supatra Chunchob / Narin Sontigun / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, Vol 21, Iss , Pp 153-

2023 Volume 159

Abstract: Haemoproteus columbae is a common haemosporidian parasite of wild pigeons (Columba livia) reported worldwide. In Thailand, the wild pigeon population is increasing due to paddy field monoculture. However, there are limited reports on the presence of H. ... ...

Abstract	Haemoproteus columbae is a common haemosporidian parasite of wild pigeons (Columba livia) reported worldwide. In Thailand, the wild pigeon population is increasing due to paddy field monoculture. However, there are limited reports on the presence of H. columbae in these pigeon populations. The aim of the study was to characterize H. columbae in wild pigeons. A total of 87 wild pigeons were examined using microscopic and molecular methods. Haemoproteus columbae was detected in approximately 27.6% of pigeons and their morphological characteristics were described. The partial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene sequence of H. columbae was then characterized into three common lineages (HAECOL1, COLIV03, and COQUI05). By highlighting the morphologic and genetic characteristics of H. columbae commonly found in this population of pigeons, this study provides essential regional knowledge about haemosporidian parasites that could benefit future taxonomic and phylogeographic studies.
Keywords	Cytochrome b gene ; Genetic diversity ; Haemoproteus columbae ; Molecular character ; Morphological character ; Wild pigeon ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Mosquito Attractant Candidates Using a High-Throughput Screening System for Aedes aegypti (L.) , Culex quinquefasciatus Say. and Anopheles minimus Theobald (Diptera

Dae-Yun Kim / Theerachart Leepasert / Michael J. Bangs / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

Insects, Vol 12, Iss 528, p

Culicidae)

2021 Volume 528

Abstract: Several types of olfactometers have been used to evaluate mosquito responses to agents that mimic natural volatiles that repel or attract. The Y-tube olfactometer has been widely used to study repellents and attractants, while the high-throughput ... ...

Abstract	Several types of olfactometers have been used to evaluate mosquito responses to agents that mimic natural volatiles that repel or attract. The Y-tube olfactometer has been widely used to study repellents and attractants, while the high-throughput screening system assay has only been used to study repellents. Whether the high-throughput screening system assay is suitable for evaluating attractants is unknown. We evaluated the responses to four lactic-acid-based mixtures and two non-lactic-acid-based chemical lure candidates using the high-throughput screening system (HITSS) for three mosquito species (laboratory strains and field populations of both Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say.; laboratory strain of Anopheles minimus Theobald) under laboratory-controlled conditions. HITSS assay results showed that KU-lure #1 elicited the greatest percent attraction for pyrethroid-resistant and -susceptible Ae. aegypti. KU-lure #6 elicited the strongest attractive response for pyrethroid-susceptible and -resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus and pyrethroid-susceptible An. minimus . The response to the lures from each species was independent of the pyrethroid susceptibility status ( Ae. aegypti , p = 0.825; Cx. quinquefasciatus , p = 0.056). However, a significant difference in attraction to KU-lure #6 was observed between diurnal and nocturnal mosquitoes ( Cx. quinquefasciatus vs. Ae. aegypti , p = 0.014; An. minimus vs. Ae. aegypti , p = 0.001). The laboratory-level HITSS assay effectively selects potential lure candidates. Because the host-seeking behavior differs between mosquito species, further studies are needed to develop species-specific attractants. Additional studies in semi-field screen houses using commercial traps are necessary to evaluate the accuracy of these laboratory assay results.
Keywords	attractant ; BG-lure ; high-throughput screening system assay ; KU-lure ; olfactometer ; Aedes aegypti ; Science ; Q
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Dose–Response Assay for Synthetic Mosquito (Diptera

Dae-Yun Kim / Theerachart Leepasert / Michael J. Bangs / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

Insects, Vol 12, Iss 355, p

Culicidae) Attractant Using a High-Throughput Screening System

2021 Volume 355

Abstract: Natural volatile host cues play a critical role for mosquito orientation and locating a blood source for egg production. Similar olfactory activation responses have allowed the use and development of artificial chemical attractants to lure mosquitoes to ... ...

Abstract	Natural volatile host cues play a critical role for mosquito orientation and locating a blood source for egg production. Similar olfactory activation responses have allowed the use and development of artificial chemical attractants to lure mosquitoes to trapping devices. Using a pre-formulated commercial product mixture of different attractant chemicals, a high-throughput screening system (HITSS) is used to screen varying doses of chemical required to activate behavioral responses. Two strains of Aedes aegypti (L.): permethrin-susceptible (USDA) and -resistant (Pu Teuy) phenotypes and one Culex quinquefasciatus Say. (NIH) laboratory strain were tested. Overall, mosquitoes showed repellency between 1.0 g and to 10.0 g dose of each compound. However, by progressively reducing the dose, Cx. quinquefasciatus showed a greater positive percent attraction (88.9%) at 0.025 g, whereas the USDA and Pu Teuy Ae. aegypti produced optimum attractant activation at 0.005 g (72.6% and 58.9%, respectively) without significant difference within species ( p > 0.05). In parallel control assays, Cx. quinquefasciatus was significantly attracted to 1 g of dry ice (carbon dioxide) (76%) more than Ae. aegypti (USDA) (12.2%). The HITSS was originally designed to measure three chemical actions to sublethal concentrations of chemicals by mosquitoes: toxicity and the two primary behavior avoidance responses (contact excitation and spatial repellency). These findings demonstrate that the HITSS assay, with only minor modifications, allows comparison screening of candidate compounds as potential attractants for anemotactic responses under laboratory-controlled conditions. Further investigations will be required to equate measurements obtained from controlled laboratory assays to more varied field conditions for attracting natural mosquito populations.
Keywords	yellow fever mosquito ; Aedes aegypti ; southern house mosquito ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; BG-lure TM ; high-throughput screening system ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Semi-field evaluation of human landing catches versus human double net trap for estimating human biting rate of Anopheles minimus and Anopheles harrisoni in Thailand

Chanly Yan / Jeffrey Hii / Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan / Manop Saeung / Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap

PeerJ, Vol 10, p e

2022 Volume 13865

Abstract: Background Whilst the human landing catch (HLC) technique is considered the ‘gold standard’ for estimating human-biting rates, it is labor-intensive and fraught with potential risk of exposure to infectious mosquito bites. This study evaluated the ... ...

Abstract	Background Whilst the human landing catch (HLC) technique is considered the ‘gold standard’ for estimating human-biting rates, it is labor-intensive and fraught with potential risk of exposure to infectious mosquito bites. This study evaluated the feasibility and performance of an alternative method, the human double net trap (HDNT) relative to HLC for monitoring host-seeking malaria vectors of the Anopheles minimus complex in a semi-field system (SFS). Methods HDNT and HLC were positioned in two rooms, 30 m apart at both ends of the SFS. Two human volunteers were rotated between both traps and collected released mosquitoes (n = 100) from 6:00 pm till 6:00 am. Differences in Anopheles mosquito densities among the trapping methods were compared using a generalized linear model based on a negative binomial distribution. Results There were 82.80% (2,136/2,580) of recaptures of wild-caught and 94.50% (2,835/3,000) of laboratory-reared mosquitoes that were molecularly identified as An. harrisoni and An. minimus, respectively. Mean density of An. harrisoni was significantly lower in HNDT (15.50 per night, 95% CI [12.48–18.52]) relative to HLC (25.32 per night (95% CI [22.28–28.36]), p < 0.001). Similarly, the mean density of a laboratory strain of An. minimus recaptured in HDNT was significantly lower (37.87 per night, 95% CI [34.62–41.11]) relative to HLC (56.40 per night, 95% CI [55.37–57.43]), p < 0.001. Relative sampling efficiency analysis showed that HLC was the more efficient trap in collecting the An. minimus complex in the SFS. Conclusion HDNT caught proportionately fewer An. minimus complex than HLC. HDNT was not sensitive nor significantly correlated with HLC, suggesting that it is not an alternative method to HLC.
Keywords	Thailand ; Collection tools ; Efficient traps ; Mosquito bites ; Recapture ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PeerJ Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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