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Article ; Online: Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation: As a Supportive Therapy in the Treatment of COVID-19.

Diyya, A Salomy Monica / Thomas, Noel Vinay

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 3323825

Abstract: During the infection and treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, age and comorbidities play a major role in the successful management of COVID-19. The nutritional status changes which occur in the body vary with the age and underlying conditions and ...

Abstract	During the infection and treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, age and comorbidities play a major role in the successful management of COVID-19. The nutritional status changes which occur in the body vary with the age and underlying conditions and has a vital role in the functioning of the immune system and cellular membrane integrity, thus minimizing the vulnerability to the infection. Considering the data already published by eminent researchers, a few micronutrients have shown outstanding results as supportive therapies in the treatment of viral infections. Micronutrient like zinc improves the membrane barrier integrity, has anti-inflammatory activity, and is involved in antibody production. Vitamin A supports the phagocytic activity of macrophages, while vitamin C reduces the worsening of respiratory tract infections by restoring the dysfunctional epithelial barrier of the lungs. Vitamin D, vitamin E, selenium, and omega-3 fatty acid metabolites play a major role in immunomodulation and in the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. Magnesium is involved in the synthesis of antibodies, while copper, vitamin B12, and folate have significant effects on immune cells. A few researchers suggest that iron supplementation has reduced the risk of acquiring respiratory tract infections in children. As the age of the patient increases, the need for micronutrients increases, thus leading to an imbalanced nutritional status which in turn increases the risk and fatality of the infections. The use of micronutrients in modulating the inflammatory, immune responses, and the epithelial barrier integrity is explored during the treatment of viral infections for faster recovery.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/drug therapy ; Child ; Dietary Supplements ; Humans ; Micronutrients/therapeutic use ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Virus Diseases ; Vitamins
Chemical Substances	Micronutrients ; Vitamins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2698540-8
ISSN	2314-6141 ; 2314-6133
ISSN (online)	2314-6141
ISSN	2314-6133
DOI	10.1155/2022/3323825
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Article ; Online: Searching possible SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors in constituents from herbal medicines using

Rasul, Hezha O / Thomas, Noel Vinay / Ghafour, Dlzar D / Aziz, Bakhtyar K / Salgado M, Guillermo / Mendoza-Huizar, L H / Candia, Lorena Gerli

Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics

2023 Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 4234–4248

Abstract: The largest threat to civilization since the Second World War is the spread of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Therefore, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutic medicines to treat COVID-19. Reusing bio-actives is a workable and ... ...

Abstract	The largest threat to civilization since the Second World War is the spread of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Therefore, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutic medicines to treat COVID-19. Reusing bio-actives is a workable and efficient strategy in the battle against new epidemics because the process of developing new drugs is time-consuming. This research aimed to identify which herbal remedies had the highest affinity for the receptor and assess a variety of them for potential targets to suppress the SARS-CoV-2 M
MeSH term(s)	Molecular Docking Simulation ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; SARS-CoV-2/enzymology ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Humans ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/chemistry ; Coronavirus 3C Proteases/metabolism ; Protease Inhibitors/chemistry ; Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/chemistry ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; Plants, Medicinal/chemistry ; Herbal Medicine ; Protein Binding ; COVID-19/virology ; Computer Simulation ; Binding Sites ; Pentacyclic Triterpenes/chemistry ; Pentacyclic Triterpenes/pharmacology ; Lupanes
Chemical Substances	Coronavirus 3C Proteases (EC 3.4.22.28) ; Protease Inhibitors ; Antiviral Agents ; Pentacyclic Triterpenes ; lupeol (O268W13H3O) ; Lupanes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	49157-3
ISSN	1538-0254 ; 0739-1102
ISSN (online)	1538-0254
ISSN	0739-1102
DOI	10.1080/07391102.2023.2220040
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Article: Community-Acquired Infection among the Hospitalized Renal Stone Patients

Mahmood, Alan Ahmed / Qadir, Baram Mustafa / Muhammad, Jabbar Abdul / Abdulla, Hardi Tofiq / Thomas, Noel Vinay / Diyya, A. Salomy Monica

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU

2024

Abstract: Background: One of the most prevalent long-term kidney disorders in high-blood-pressure patients is nephrolithiasis. This study involves collecting urine and renal stones from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) to analyze how hospitalized ... ...

Abstract	Background: One of the most prevalent long-term kidney disorders in high-blood-pressure patients is nephrolithiasis. This study involves collecting urine and renal stones from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) to analyze how hospitalized patients with UTI contract community infections. The samples were collected at the Sulaimaniyah Surgical Teaching Hospital urology and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) staff. It is understood that UTIs contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Methods: Screened and cultured urine requires careful collection, transport, and interpretation. Urine samples were collected from the patients with UTI at the Sulaimaniyah teaching hospital for culturing. Urine cultures containing pyuria and bacteria indicate UTIs. Microorganisms were studied, inoculated on blood, MacConkey, and mannitol salt agar, and biochemically identified. A bacterial and microbiological examination of kidney stones was conducted at the Sulaymaniyah Surgical Teaching Hospital's ESWL and urology departments. Clean renal stone samples with ethanol for 1 minute, crush using sterile tongs, then culture in 37°C thioglycolate broth for 48 hours. Specimens inoculated on blood, MacConkey, and mannitol salt agars resulted in isolation of staphylococci, streptococci, and Staphylococcus spp. Results: In this study, 17 of 48 samples showed microbial growth. Each of Enterococcus and Micrococcus spp. comprised 12.5% of eight renal intact stone samples. Three of 14 renal intact stone samples showed microbial growth with 7 and 14% for Enterococcus and Escherichia coli, respectively. From eight urine samples before and after ESWL procedure, E. coli isolation incidents doubled from 12.5 to 25%, while Staphylococcus spp. remained the same at 12.5%. Out of 10 UTI urine samples, 20% Staphylococcus spp., E. coli, and 10% Pseudomonas spp. were isolated. Conclusion: This study related renal stones to E. coli, enterococci, Micrococcus luteus, and staphylococci. After ESWL, the urine samples revealed E. coli growth, whereas comparable urine samples before ESWL did not. Thus, urinary infections can cause kidney stones. Eighteen of 48 kidney stone samples tested positive for E. coli, 22 for staphylococci, 11 for enterococci, 5 for Pseudomonas, 5 for Proteus, and 5 for micrococci.
Keywords	renal stone disease ; urinary tract infection ; bacteria ; struvite ; extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ; urine culture
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-26
Publisher	Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ISSN	2582-4953 ; 2582-4287
ISSN (online)	2582-4953
ISSN	2582-4287
DOI	10.1055/s-0044-1779725
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Bioactives from Marine Organisms and their Potential Role as Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors.

Thomas, Noel Vinay / Monica Diyya, Apoorva Salomy / Kim, Se-Kwon / Faraj, Kaeuis Aziz / Ghafoor, Dlzar Dlshad / Qian, Zhong Ji / Tigabu, Bereket Molla

Current pharmaceutical design

2022 Volume 28, Issue 41, Page(s) 3351–3362

Abstract: Recent research has revealed the role of metalloproteinases in a number of severe pathological illnesses, including cardiac, cartilage, neurological, and cancer-related diseases that are fatal to humans. Metalloproteinases are a subclass of ... ...

Abstract	Recent research has revealed the role of metalloproteinases in a number of severe pathological illnesses, including cardiac, cartilage, neurological, and cancer-related diseases that are fatal to humans. Metalloproteinases are a subclass of endopeptidases that comprise structurally identical enzymes known as Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) that are solely involved in extracellular matrix degradation and play a significant regulatory function in tissue remodeling. Improper regulation and expression of MMPs have been linked to several life-threatening pathological conditions in humans. Hence there is an ever-growing interest in various research communities to identify and report the Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors (MMPIs). In spite of several chemically synthesized MMPIs being available currently, several unpleasant side effects, un-successful clinical trials have made use of synthetic MMPIs as a risky strategy. Several natural product researchers have strongly recommended and reported many natural resources like plants, microorganisms, and animals as greater resources to screen for bioactives that can function as potential natural MMPIs. Marine environment is one of the vast and promising resources that harbor diverse forms of life known to synthesize biologically active compounds. These bioactive compounds from marine organisms have been reported for their unparalleled biological effects and have profound applications in cosmeceutical, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical research. Several research groups have reported an umpteen number of medicinally unmatched compounds from marine flora and fauna, thus driving researchers to screen marine organisms for natural MMPIs. In this review, our group has reported the potential MMPIs from marine organisms.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Aquatic Organisms/metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism ; Biological Products
Chemical Substances	Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; Matrix Metalloproteinases (EC 3.4.24.-) ; Biological Products
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-23
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1304236-1
ISSN	1873-4286 ; 1381-6128
ISSN (online)	1873-4286
ISSN	1381-6128
DOI	10.2174/1381612829666221121145614
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Article: Fucoidans from marine algae as potential matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors.

Thomas, Noel Vinay / Kim, Se-Kwon

Advances in food and nutrition research

2014 Volume 72, Page(s) 177–193

Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases are endopeptidases which belong to the group of metalloproteinases that contribute for the extracellular matrix degradation and several tissue remodeling processes. An imbalance in the regulation of these endopeptidases ... ...

Abstract	Matrix metalloproteinases are endopeptidases which belong to the group of metalloproteinases that contribute for the extracellular matrix degradation and several tissue remodeling processes. An imbalance in the regulation of these endopeptidases eventually leads to several severe pathological complications like cancers, cardiac, cartilage, and neurological-related diseases. Hence, inhibitory substances of metalloproteinases (MMPIs) could prove beneficial in the management of above specified pathological conditions. The available synthetic MMPIs that have been reported until now have few shortcomings, and thus many of them could not make to the final clinical trials. Hence, a growing interest among researchers on screening of MMPIs from different natural resources is evident and especially natural products from marine origin. As there has been an unparalleled contribution of several biologically active compounds from marine resources that have shown a profound applications in nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and pharmaceuticals, we have attempted to discuss the various MMPIs from edible seaweeds.
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Fucus/chemistry ; Galactans/pharmacology ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Molecular Structure ; Phaeophyceae/chemistry ; Polysaccharides/chemistry ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology ; Polysaccharides/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Galactans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; Polysaccharides ; fucoidan (9072-19-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-07-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1011108-6
ISSN	1043-4526
ISSN	1043-4526
DOI	10.1016/B978-0-12-800269-8.00010-5
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Article ; Online: Identification of natural diterpenes isolated from Azorella species targeting dispersin B using in silico approaches.

Rasul, Hezha O / Sabir, Dana Khdr / Aziz, Bakhtyar K / Guillermo Salgado, M / Mendoza-Huizar, L H / Belhassan, Assia / Candia, Lorena Gerli / Villada, Wilson Cardona / Thomas, Noel Vinay / Ghafour, Dlzar D

Journal of molecular modeling

2023 Volume 29, Issue 6, Page(s) 182

Abstract: Context: A bacterial biofilm is a cluster of bacterial cells embedded in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances such as DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides. Several diseases have been reported to cause by bacterial biofilms, and ... ...

Abstract	Context: A bacterial biofilm is a cluster of bacterial cells embedded in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances such as DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides. Several diseases have been reported to cause by bacterial biofilms, and difficulties in treating these infections are of concern. This work aimed to identify the inhibitor with the highest binding affinity for the receptor protein by screening various inhibitors obtained from Azorella species for a potential target to inhibit dispersin B. This work shows that azorellolide has the highest binding affinity (- 8.2 kcal/mol) among the compounds tested, followed by dyhydroazorellolide, mulinone A, and 7-acetoxy-mulin-9,12-diene which all had a binding affinity of - 8.0 kcal/mol. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate and contrast several diterpene compounds as antibacterial biofilm chemicals. Methods: Here, molecular modelling techniques tested 49 diterpene compounds of Azorella and six FDA-approved antibiotics medicines for antibiofilm activity. Since protein-like interactions are crucial in drug discovery, AutoDock Vina was initially employed to carry out structure-based virtual screening. The drug-likeness and ADMET properties of the chosen compounds were examined to assess the antibiofilm activity further. Lipinski's rule of five was then applied to determine the antibiofilm activity. Then, molecular electrostatic potential was used to determine the relative polarity of a molecule using the Gaussian 09 package and GaussView 5.08. Following three replica molecular dynamic simulations (using the Schrodinger program, Desmond 2019-4 package) that each lasted 100 ns on the promising candidates, binding free energy was estimated using MM-GBSA. Structural visualisation was used to test the binding affinity of each compound to the crystal structure of dispersin B protein (PDB: 1YHT), a well-known antibiofilm compound.
MeSH term(s)	Molecular Docking Simulation ; Apiaceae/chemistry ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Diterpenes/pharmacology ; Diterpenes/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diterpenes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-20
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1284729-X
ISSN	0948-5023 ; 1610-2940
ISSN (online)	0948-5023
ISSN	1610-2940
DOI	10.1007/s00894-023-05592-7
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Article ; Online: Beneficial effects of marine algal compounds in cosmeceuticals.

Thomas, Noel Vinay / Kim, Se-Kwon

Marine drugs

2013 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 146–164

Abstract: The name "cosmeceuticals" is derived from "cosmetics and pharmaceuticals", indicating that a specific product contains active ingredients. Marine algae have gained much importance in cosmeceutical product development due to their rich bioactive compounds. ...

Abstract	The name "cosmeceuticals" is derived from "cosmetics and pharmaceuticals", indicating that a specific product contains active ingredients. Marine algae have gained much importance in cosmeceutical product development due to their rich bioactive compounds. In the present review, marine algal compounds (phlorotannins, sulfated polysaccharides and tyrosinase inhibitors) have been discussed toward cosmeceutical application. In addition, atopic dermatitis and the possible role of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in skin-related diseases have been explored extensively for cosmeceutical products. The proper development of marine algae compounds will be helpful in cosmeceutical product development and in the development of the cosmeceutical industry.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Aquatic Organisms/chemistry ; Aquatic Organisms/metabolism ; Biological Products/chemistry ; Biological Products/pharmacology ; Cosmetics/chemistry ; Cosmetics/pharmacology ; Humans ; Marine Biology ; Skin Diseases/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Biological Products ; Cosmetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2175190-0
ISSN	1660-3397 ; 1660-3397
ISSN (online)	1660-3397
ISSN	1660-3397
DOI	10.3390/md11010146
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Article ; Online: Potential pharmacological applications of polyphenolic derivatives from marine brown algae.

Thomas, Noel Vinay / Kim, Se-Kwon

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

2011 Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) 325–335

Abstract: Recently, the isolation and characterization of the biologically active components from seaweeds have gained much attention from various research groups across the world. The marine algae have been studied for biologically active components and ... ...

Abstract	Recently, the isolation and characterization of the biologically active components from seaweeds have gained much attention from various research groups across the world. The marine algae have been studied for biologically active components and phlorotannins are one among them. Among marine algae, brown algal species such as Ecklonia cava, Eisenia arborea, Ecklonia stolinifera and Eisenia bicyclis have been studied for their potential biological activities. Majority of the investigations on phlorotannins derived from brown algae have exhibited their potentiality as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, antihypertensive, anti-allergic, hyaluronidase enzyme inhibition and in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) inhibition activity. In this review, we have made an attempt to discuss the potential biological activities of phlorotannins from marine brown algae and their possible candidature in the pharmaceutical applications.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Allergic Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-HIV Agents/chemistry ; Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology ; Antihypertensive Agents/chemistry ; Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Humans ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry ; Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; Phaeophyceae/chemistry ; Polyphenols/chemistry ; Polyphenols/pharmacology ; Seaweed/chemistry ; Tannins/chemistry ; Tannins/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Allergic Agents ; Anti-HIV Agents ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Antioxidants ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; Polyphenols ; Tannins ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.35)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-09-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1318302-3
ISSN	1872-7077 ; 1382-6689
ISSN (online)	1872-7077
ISSN	1382-6689
DOI	10.1016/j.etap.2011.09.004
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Article ; Online: Potential matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors from edible marine algae: a review.

Thomas, Noel Vinay / Manivasagan, Panchanathan / Kim, Se-Kwon

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

2014 Volume 37, Issue 3, Page(s) 1090–1100

Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases are endopeptidases which belong to the group of metalloproteinases that contribute for the extra-cellular matrix degradation, and several tissue remodeling processes. An imbalance in the regulation of these endopeptidases ... ...

Abstract	Matrix metalloproteinases are endopeptidases which belong to the group of metalloproteinases that contribute for the extra-cellular matrix degradation, and several tissue remodeling processes. An imbalance in the regulation of these endopeptidases eventually leads to several severe pathological complications like cancers, cardiac, cartilage, and neurological related diseases. Hence inhibitory substances of metalloproteinases (MMPIs) could prove beneficial in the management of above specified pathological conditions. The available synthetic MMPIs that have been reported until now have few shortcomings and thus many of them could not make to the final clinical trials. Hence a growing interest among researchers on screening of MMPIs from different natural resources is evident and especially natural products from marine origin. As there has been an unparalleled contribution of several biologically active compounds from marine resources that have shown profound applications in nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and pharmaceuticals, we have attempted to discuss the various MMPIs from edible sea-weeds.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Polyphenols/pharmacology ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology ; Seaweed ; Tannins/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ; Polyphenols ; Polysaccharides ; Tannins
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-05
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2015938-9
ISSN	1872-7077 ; 1382-6689
ISSN (online)	1872-7077
ISSN	1382-6689
DOI	10.1016/j.etap.2014.04.011
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Article ; Online: Metalloproteinase inhibitors: status and scope from marine organisms.

Thomas, Noel Vinay / Kim, Se-Kwon

Biochemistry research international

2010 Volume 2010, Page(s) 845975

Abstract: Marine environment has been the source of diverse life forms that produce different biologically active compounds. Marine organisms are consistently contributing with unparalleled bioactive compounds that have profound applications in nutraceuticals, ... ...

Abstract	Marine environment has been the source of diverse life forms that produce different biologically active compounds. Marine organisms are consistently contributing with unparalleled bioactive compounds that have profound applications in nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and pharmaceuticals. In this process, screening of natural products from marine organisms that could potentially inhibit the expression of metalloproteinases has gained a huge popularity, which became a hot field of research in life sciences. Metalloproteinases, especially, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a class of structurally similar enzymes that contribute to the extracellular matrix degradation and play major role in normal and pathological tissue remodeling. Imbalance in the expression of MMPs leads to severe pathological condition that could initiate cardiac, cartilage, and cancer-related diseases. Three decades of endeavor for designing potent matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory substances (MMPIs) with many not making upto final clinical trials seek new resources for devising MMPIs. Umpteen number of medicinally valuable compounds being reported from marine organisms, which encourage current researchers to screen potent MMPIs from marine organisms. In this paper, we have made an attempt to report the metalloproteinase inhibiting substances from various marine organisms.
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-12-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2566725-7
ISSN	2090-2255 ; 2090-2255
ISSN (online)	2090-2255
ISSN	2090-2255
DOI	10.1155/2010/845975
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