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  1. Article: Polymorphisms in the CNTF and CNTF receptor genes are associated with muscle strength in men and women.

    De Mars, Gunther / Windelinckx, An / Beunen, Gaston / Delecluse, Christophe / Lefevre, Johan / Thomis, Martine A I

    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

    2007  Volume 102, Issue 5, Page(s) 1824–1831

    Abstract: Genotypic associations between polymorphisms in the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and CNTF receptor (CNTFR) genes and muscular strength phenotypes in 154 middle-aged men (45-49 yr) and 138 women (38-44 yr) and 99 older men (60-78 yr) and 102 older ... ...

    Abstract Genotypic associations between polymorphisms in the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and CNTF receptor (CNTFR) genes and muscular strength phenotypes in 154 middle-aged men (45-49 yr) and 138 women (38-44 yr) and 99 older men (60-78 yr) and 102 older women (60-80 yr) were tested to validate earlier association studies. Allelic interaction effects were hypothesized between alleles of CNTF and CNTFR. We performed analysis of covariance with age, height, and fat-free mass (FFM) as covariates. FFM was anthropometrically estimated by the equation of Durnin-Womersley. Isometric, concentric, and eccentric torques for the knee flexors (KF) and extensors (KE) were measured using Biodex dynamometry. In the older male group, T-allele carriers of the C-1703T polymorphism in CNTFR performed significantly better on all noncorrected KF torques, whereas only noncorrected KE isometric torque at 120 degrees and concentric torque at 240 degrees/s were higher than the C/C homozygotes (P < 0.05). When age, height, and FFM were used as covariates, T-allele carriers performed only better on KE and KF isometric torque at 120 degrees (P < 0.05). Concentric KF torque at 180 degrees/s was lower in middle-aged female A-allele carriers compared with the T/T subjects for the T1069A polymorphism in CNTFR. After correction for age, height, and FFM, middle-aged female A-allele carriers exhibited lower values on all concentric KF strength measures and isometric torque at 120 degrees . There was a lack of association with the CNTF G-6A polymorphism in men, with inconclusive results for a limited number of phenotypes in women. No significant CNTF/CNTFR allele interaction effects were found. Results indicate that CNTFR C-1703T and T1069A polymorphisms are significantly associated with muscle strength in humans.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aging/genetics ; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor/genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Knee ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Strength/genetics ; Muscle Strength/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Phenotype ; Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor/genetics ; Sex Factors ; Torque
    Chemical Substances Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Studies
    ZDB-ID 219139-8
    ISSN 1522-1601 ; 8750-7587 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567
    ISSN (online) 1522-1601
    ISSN 8750-7587 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567
    DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00692.2006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Selection of genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms for fine mapping starting from a broad linkage region.

    Windelinckx, An / Vlietinck, Robert / Aerssens, Jeroen / Beunen, Gaston / Thomis, Martine A I

    Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies

    2007  Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) 871–885

    Abstract: Fine mapping of linkage peaks is one of the great challenges facing researchers who try to identify genes and genetic variants responsible for the variation in a certain trait or complex disease. Once the trait is linked to a certain chromosomal region, ... ...

    Abstract Fine mapping of linkage peaks is one of the great challenges facing researchers who try to identify genes and genetic variants responsible for the variation in a certain trait or complex disease. Once the trait is linked to a certain chromosomal region, most studies use a candidate gene approach followed by a selection of polymorphisms within these genes, either based on their possibility to be functional, or based on the linkage disequilibrium between adjacent markers. For both candidate gene selection and SNP selection, several approaches have been described, and different software tools are available. However, mastering all these information sources and choosing between the different approaches can be difficult and time-consuming. Therefore, this article lists several of these in silico procedures, and the authors describe an empirical two-step fine mapping approach, in which candidate genes are prioritized using a bioinformatics approach (ENDEAVOUR), and the top genes are chosen for further SNP selection with a linkage disequilibrium based method (Tagger). The authors present the different actions that were applied within this approach on two previously identified linkage regions for muscle strength. This resulted in the selection of 331 polymorphisms located in 112 different candidate genes out of an initial set of 23,300 SNPs.
    MeSH term(s) Chromosome Mapping/methods ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics ; Computational Biology ; Genome, Human ; Genomics/methods ; Humans ; Lod Score ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Muscle Strength/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Software
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2182682-1
    ISSN 1839-2628 ; 1832-4274
    ISSN (online) 1839-2628
    ISSN 1832-4274
    DOI 10.1375/twin.10.6.871
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Genome-wide linkage scan for contraction velocity characteristics of knee musculature in the Leuven Genes for Muscular Strength Study.

    De Mars, Gunther / Windelinckx, An / Huygens, Wim / Peeters, Maarten W / Beunen, Gaston P / Aerssens, Jeroen / Vlietinck, Robert / Thomis, Martine A I

    Physiological genomics

    2008  Volume 35, Issue 1, Page(s) 36–44

    Abstract: The torque-velocity relationship is known to be affected by ageing, decreasing its protective role in the prevention of falls. Interindividual variability in this torque-velocity relationship is partly determined by genetic factors (h(2): 44-67%). As a ... ...

    Abstract The torque-velocity relationship is known to be affected by ageing, decreasing its protective role in the prevention of falls. Interindividual variability in this torque-velocity relationship is partly determined by genetic factors (h(2): 44-67%). As a first attempt, this genome-wide linkage study aimed to identify chromosomal regions linked to the torque-velocity relationship of the knee flexors and extensors. A selection of 283 informative male siblings (17-36 yr), belonging to 105 families, was used to conduct a genome-wide SNP-based (Illumina Linkage IVb panel) multipoint linkage analysis for the torque-velocity relationship of the knee flexors and extensors. The strongest evidence for linkage was found at 15q23 for the torque-velocity slope of the knee extensors (TVSE). Other interesting linkage regions with LOD scores >2 were found at 7p12.3 [logarithm of the odds ratio (LOD) = 2.03, P = 0.0011] for the torque-velocity ratio of the knee flexors (TVRF), at 2q14.3 (LOD = 2.25, P = 0.0006) for TVSE, and at 4p14 and 18q23 for the torque-velocity ratio of the knee extensors TVRE (LOD = 2.23 and 2.08; P = 0.0007 and 0.001, respectively). We conclude that many small contributing genes are involved in causing variation in the torque-velocity relationship of the knee flexor and extensor muscles. Several earlier reported candidate genes for muscle strength and muscle mass and new candidates are harbored within or in close vicinity of the linkage regions reported in the present study.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Knee Joint/physiology ; Male ; Muscle Contraction/genetics ; Muscle Strength/genetics ; Torque
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-08-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2038823-8
    ISSN 1531-2267 ; 1094-8341
    ISSN (online) 1531-2267
    ISSN 1094-8341
    DOI 10.1152/physiolgenomics.90252.2008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Identification and prioritization of NUAK1 and PPP1CC as positional candidate loci for skeletal muscle strength phenotypes.

    Windelinckx, An / De Mars, Gunther / Huygens, Wim / Peeters, Maarten W / Vincent, Barbara / Wijmenga, Cisca / Lambrechts, Diether / Aerssens, Jeroen / Vlietinck, Robert / Beunen, Gaston / Thomis, Martine A I

    Physiological genomics

    2011  Volume 43, Issue 17, Page(s) 981–992

    Abstract: Muscle strength is an important determinant in elite sports performance as well as in the activities of daily living. Muscle metabolism also plays a role in the genesis, and therefore prevention, of common pathological conditions and chronic diseases. ... ...

    Abstract Muscle strength is an important determinant in elite sports performance as well as in the activities of daily living. Muscle metabolism also plays a role in the genesis, and therefore prevention, of common pathological conditions and chronic diseases. Even though heritability estimates between 31 and 78% suggest a significant genetic component in muscle strength, only a limited number of genes influencing muscle strength have been identified. This study aimed to identify and prioritize positional candidate genes within a skeletal muscle strength quantitative trait locus on chromosome 12q22-23 for follow-up. A two-staged gene-centered fine-mapping approach using 122 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in stage 1 identified a family-based association (n=500) between several tagSNPs located in the ATPase, Ca2+ transporting, cardiac muscle, slow twitch 2 (ATP2A2; rs3026468), the NUAK family, SNF1-like kinase, 1 (NUAK1; rs10861553 and rs3741886), and the protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, gamma isoform (PPP1CC; rs1050587 and rs7901769) genes and knee torque production (P values up to 0.00092). In stage 2, family-based association tests on additional putatively functional SNPs (e.g., exonic SNPs, SNPs in transcription factor binding sites or in conserved regions) in an enlarged sample (n=536; 464 individuals overlap with stage 1) did not identify additional associations with muscle strength characteristics. Further in-depth analyses will be necessary to elucidate the exact role of ATP2A2, PPP1CC, and NUAK1 in muscle strength and to find out which functional polymorphisms are at the base of the interindividual strength differences.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Strength/genetics ; Muscle Strength/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Protein Kinases/genetics ; Protein Phosphatase 1/genetics ; Repressor Proteins/genetics ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/genetics ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Repressor Proteins ; Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.-) ; NUAK1 protein, human (EC 2.7.1.-) ; PPP1CC protein, human (EC 3.1.3.16) ; Protein Phosphatase 1 (EC 3.1.3.16) ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases (EC 3.6.3.8) ; ATP2A2 protein, human (EC 7.2.2.10)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-07-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2038823-8
    ISSN 1531-2267 ; 1094-8341
    ISSN (online) 1531-2267
    ISSN 1094-8341
    DOI 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00200.2010
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  5. Article: Covariance of isometric and dynamic arm contractions: multivariate genetic analysis.

    De Mars, Gunther / Thomis, Martine A I / Windelinckx, An / Van Leemputte, Marc / Maes, Hermine H / Blimkie, Cameron J / Claessens, Albrecht L / Vlietinck, Robert / Beunen, Gaston

    Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies

    2007  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 180–190

    Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to examine genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in maximal isometric, concentric and eccentric muscle strength and muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) of the elbow flexors. A generality ... ...

    Abstract The purpose of the present study was to examine genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in maximal isometric, concentric and eccentric muscle strength and muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) of the elbow flexors. A generality versus specificity hypothesis was explored to test whether the 4 strength variables share a genetic component or common factors in the environment or whether the genetic/environmental factors are specific for each strength variable. The 4 variables under study were measured in 25 monozygotic and 16 dizygotic male Caucasian twin pairs (22.4 +/- 3.7 years). The multivariate genetic analyses showed that all 4 variables shared a genetic and environmental component, which accounted for 43% and 6% in MCSA (h2 = 81%), 47% and 20% in eccentric (h2 = 65%), 58% and 4% in isometric (h2 = 70%) and 32% and 1% in concentric strength (h2 = 32%) respectively. The remaining variation was accounted for by contraction type specific and muscle cross-sectional area specific genetic and environmental effects, which accounted for 38% and 14% in MCSA, 18% and 15% in eccentric, 12% and 26% in isometric and 0% and 67% in concentric strength respectively. This exploratory multivariate study suggests shared pleiotropic gene action for MCSA, eccentric, isometric and concentric strength, with a moderate to high genetic contribution to the variability of these characteristics.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Arm ; Elbow ; Humans ; Isometric Contraction/genetics ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Muscle Strength/genetics ; Twins, Dizygotic/genetics ; Twins, Monozygotic/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-05-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Twin Study
    ZDB-ID 2182682-1
    ISSN 1839-2628 ; 1832-4274
    ISSN (online) 1839-2628
    ISSN 1832-4274
    DOI 10.1375/twin.10.1.180
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  6. Article: Exploration of myostatin polymorphisms and the angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion genotype in responses of human muscle to strength training.

    Thomis, Martine A I / Huygens, Wim / Heuninckx, Sofie / Chagnon, Monique / Maes, Hermine H M / Claessens, Albrecht L / Vlietinck, Robert / Bouchard, Claude / Beunen, Gaston P

    European journal of applied physiology

    2004  Volume 92, Issue 3, Page(s) 267–274

    Abstract: This study explores the associations between polymorphisms in two candidate genes-myostatin gene (MSTN or GDF8) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene-with interindividual differences in human muscle mass and strength responses to strength training. ...

    Abstract This study explores the associations between polymorphisms in two candidate genes-myostatin gene (MSTN or GDF8) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene-with interindividual differences in human muscle mass and strength responses to strength training. The MSTN AluI A55T (exon 1), BanII K153R, TaqI E164 K and BstNI P198A (all in exon 2) markers and the ACE insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism were typed in 57 males [22.4 (3.7) years] who participated in a 10-week, high-resistance training program for the elbow flexors. Maximal strength, and maximal isometric and concentric elbow flexor torques were measured at baseline and after training. Information on muscle cross-sectional area of the upper arm was obtained by computer tomography scans. Only one individual was heterozygous for the MSTN BanII K153R variant. No allelic variant was detected at the other MSTN sites in this population. For the ACE I/D polymorphism, no evidence was found for an association of the D or I allele with baseline strength, isometric and concentric torque or arm muscle cross-sectional area [analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) 0.25< P<0.97]. Responses to the strength-training program were not associated with the ACE I/D genotype (ANCOVA 0.057< P<0.70). Borderline significance was found for larger strength gains in dynamic flexion torques for I/I genotypes. This study therefore does not support the hypothesis that an increased muscle fiber hypertrophic effect of strength training is present in D-allele carriers.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological/genetics ; Adult ; DNA Transposable Elements/genetics ; Exercise/physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Contraction/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Myostatin ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics ; Physical Education and Training/methods ; Physical Exertion/physiology ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Deletion/genetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics ; Twins/physiology
    Chemical Substances DNA Transposable Elements ; MSTN protein, human ; Myostatin ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-07
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 124793-1
    ISSN 1439-6327 ; 1432-1025 ; 1439-6319 ; 0301-5548
    ISSN (online) 1439-6327 ; 1432-1025
    ISSN 1439-6319 ; 0301-5548
    DOI 10.1007/s00421-004-1093-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Genome-wide association analyses of physical activity and sedentary behavior provide insights into underlying mechanisms and roles in disease prevention.

    Wang, Zhe / Emmerich, Andrew / Pillon, Nicolas J / Moore, Tim / Hemerich, Daiane / Cornelis, Marilyn C / Mazzaferro, Eugenia / Broos, Siacia / Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S / Bartz, Traci M / Bentley, Amy R / Bielak, Lawrence F / Chong, Mike / Chu, Audrey Y / Berry, Diane / Dorajoo, Rajkumar / Dueker, Nicole D / Kasbohm, Elisa / Feenstra, Bjarke /
    Feitosa, Mary F / Gieger, Christian / Graff, Mariaelisa / Hall, Leanne M / Haller, Toomas / Hartwig, Fernando P / Hillis, David A / Huikari, Ville / Heard-Costa, Nancy / Holzapfel, Christina / Jackson, Anne U / Johansson, Åsa / Jørgensen, Anja Moltke / Kaakinen, Marika A / Karlsson, Robert / Kerr, Kathleen F / Kim, Boram / Koolhaas, Chantal M / Kutalik, Zoltan / Lagou, Vasiliki / Lind, Penelope A / Lorentzon, Mattias / Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka / Mangino, Massimo / Metzendorf, Christoph / Monroe, Kristine R / Pacolet, Alexander / Pérusse, Louis / Pool, Rene / Richmond, Rebecca C / Rivera, Natalia V / Robiou-du-Pont, Sebastien / Schraut, Katharina E / Schulz, Christina-Alexandra / Stringham, Heather M / Tanaka, Toshiko / Teumer, Alexander / Turman, Constance / van der Most, Peter J / Vanmunster, Mathias / van Rooij, Frank J A / van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V / Zhang, Xiaoshuai / Zhao, Jing-Hua / Zhao, Wei / Balkhiyarova, Zhanna / Balslev-Harder, Marie N / Baumeister, Sebastian E / Beilby, John / Blangero, John / Boomsma, Dorret I / Brage, Soren / Braund, Peter S / Brody, Jennifer A / Bruinenberg, Marcel / Ekelund, Ulf / Liu, Ching-Ti / Cole, John W / Collins, Francis S / Cupples, L Adrienne / Esko, Tõnu / Enroth, Stefan / Faul, Jessica D / Fernandez-Rhodes, Lindsay / Fohner, Alison E / Franco, Oscar H / Galesloot, Tessel E / Gordon, Scott D / Grarup, Niels / Hartman, Catharina A / Heiss, Gerardo / Hui, Jennie / Illig, Thomas / Jago, Russell / James, Alan / Joshi, Peter K / Jung, Taeyeong / Kähönen, Mika / Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O / Koh, Woon-Puay / Kolcic, Ivana / Kraft, Peter P / Kuusisto, Johanna / Launer, Lenore J / Li, Aihua / Linneberg, Allan / Luan, Jian'an / Vidal, Pedro Marques / Medland, Sarah E / Milaneschi, Yuri / Moscati, Arden / Musk, Bill / Nelson, Christopher P / Nolte, Ilja M / Pedersen, Nancy L / Peters, Annette / Peyser, Patricia A / Power, Christine / Raitakari, Olli T / Reedik, Mägi / Reiner, Alex P / Ridker, Paul M / Rudan, Igor / Ryan, Kathy / Sarzynski, Mark A / Scott, Laura J / Scott, Robert A / Sidney, Stephen / Siggeirsdottir, Kristin / Smith, Albert V / Smith, Jennifer A / Sonestedt, Emily / Strøm, Marin / Tai, E Shyong / Teo, Koon K / Thorand, Barbara / Tönjes, Anke / Tremblay, Angelo / Uitterlinden, Andre G / Vangipurapu, Jagadish / van Schoor, Natasja / Völker, Uwe / Willemsen, Gonneke / Williams, Kayleen / Wong, Quenna / Xu, Huichun / Young, Kristin L / Yuan, Jian Min / Zillikens, M Carola / Zonderman, Alan B / Ameur, Adam / Bandinelli, Stefania / Bis, Joshua C / Boehnke, Michael / Bouchard, Claude / Chasman, Daniel I / Smith, George Davey / de Geus, Eco J C / Deldicque, Louise / Dörr, Marcus / Evans, Michele K / Ferrucci, Luigi / Fornage, Myriam / Fox, Caroline / Garland, Theodore / Gudnason, Vilmundur / Gyllensten, Ulf / Hansen, Torben / Hayward, Caroline / Horta, Bernardo L / Hyppönen, Elina / Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta / Johnson, W Craig / Kardia, Sharon L R / Kiemeney, Lambertus A / Laakso, Markku / Langenberg, Claudia / Lehtimäki, Terho / Marchand, Loic Le / Magnusson, Patrik K E / Martin, Nicholas G / Melbye, Mads / Metspalu, Andres / Meyre, David / North, Kari E / Ohlsson, Claes / Oldehinkel, Albertine J / Orho-Melander, Marju / Pare, Guillaume / Park, Taesung / Pedersen, Oluf / Penninx, Brenda W J H / Pers, Tune H / Polasek, Ozren / Prokopenko, Inga / Rotimi, Charles N / Samani, Nilesh J / Sim, Xueling / Snieder, Harold / Sørensen, Thorkild I A / Spector, Tim D / Timpson, Nicholas J / van Dam, Rob M / van der Velde, Nathalie / van Duijn, Cornelia M / Vollenweider, Peter / Völzke, Henry / Voortman, Trudy / Waeber, Gérard / Wareham, Nicholas J / Weir, David R / Wichmann, Heinz-Erich / Wilson, James F / Hevener, Andrea L / Krook, Anna / Zierath, Juleen R / Thomis, Martine A I / Loos, Ruth J F / Hoed, Marcel den

    Nature genetics

    2022  Volume 54, Issue 9, Page(s) 1332–1344

    Abstract: Although physical activity and sedentary behavior are moderately heritable, little is known about the mechanisms that influence these traits. Combining data for up to 703,901 individuals from 51 studies in a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide ... ...

    Abstract Although physical activity and sedentary behavior are moderately heritable, little is known about the mechanisms that influence these traits. Combining data for up to 703,901 individuals from 51 studies in a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies yields 99 loci that associate with self-reported moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity during leisure time (MVPA), leisure screen time (LST) and/or sedentary behavior at work. Loci associated with LST are enriched for genes whose expression in skeletal muscle is altered by resistance training. A missense variant in ACTN3 makes the alpha-actinin-3 filaments more flexible, resulting in lower maximal force in isolated type II
    MeSH term(s) Actinin/genetics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise/physiology ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Leisure Activities ; Sedentary Behavior
    Chemical Substances ACTN3 protein, human ; Actinin (11003-00-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1108734-1
    ISSN 1546-1718 ; 1061-4036
    ISSN (online) 1546-1718
    ISSN 1061-4036
    DOI 10.1038/s41588-022-01165-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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