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  1. Article ; Online: Recurrence after transanal endoscopic microsurgery for benign and malignant rectal tumours: experience of a single New Zealand centre.

    Hart, Alexander / Clifford, Kari / Thompson-Fawcett, Mark

    ANZ journal of surgery

    2023  Volume 94, Issue 3, Page(s) 412–417

    Abstract: Background: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is an established technique for the resection of rectal adenomas and selected malignant tumours. It avoids the morbidity of radical resection for tumours not amenable to endoscopic resection. An ... ...

    Abstract Background: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is an established technique for the resection of rectal adenomas and selected malignant tumours. It avoids the morbidity of radical resection for tumours not amenable to endoscopic resection. An important marker of quality is the local recurrence rate. The primary objective was to determine local recurrence rates for benign and malignant rectal tumours.
    Methods: We identified index TEM excisions of rectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas in patients age 18 and over at Dunedin Hospital, New Zealand, between 2000 and 2020, from a prospective database. Surveillance data were collected via chart review. The primary outcome was recurrence rate for adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Secondary outcomes included time to recurrence, association of recurrence with recognized risk factors, and adverse event rates.
    Results: We identified 100 patients for analysis. Of 75 benign cases, 11 (14.7%) developed local recurrence, with 63.6% identified within 1 year. Of the 25 malignant cases (19 T1, 5 T2, 1 T3), 9 (36%) developed recurrence, with 77.8% identified within 2 years. Adverse events occurred in 26% of patients, with no reoperations or deaths.
    Conclusion: Our adenoma recurrence rate was at the higher end of the reported range of 2.4-16%. Minor complications were common, but not major morbidity. The propensity for rectal tumours to recur commonly and early reinforces the importance of regular standardized endoscopic surveillance.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery/adverse effects ; Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery/methods ; New Zealand/epidemiology ; Microsurgery/methods ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery ; Rectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma/surgery ; Adenoma/surgery ; Adenoma/pathology ; Precancerous Conditions ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-14
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050749-5
    ISSN 1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    ISSN (online) 1445-2197
    ISSN 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    DOI 10.1111/ans.18780
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Has network meta-analysis resolved the controversies related to bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery?

    Woodfield, John C / Clifford, Kari / Schmidt, Barry / Thompson-Fawcett, Mark

    Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 10, Page(s) 1117–1127

    Abstract: Aim: There are discrepancies in the guidelines on preparation for colorectal surgery. While intravenous antibiotics (IV) are usually administered, the use of mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) and/or oral antibiotics (OA) is controversial. A recent ... ...

    Abstract Aim: There are discrepancies in the guidelines on preparation for colorectal surgery. While intravenous antibiotics (IV) are usually administered, the use of mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) and/or oral antibiotics (OA) is controversial. A recent network meta-analysis (NMA) demonstrated that the addition of OA reduced incisional surgical site infections (iSSIs) by more than 50%. We aimed to perform a NMA including only the highest quality randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in order to determine the ranking of different treatment strategies and assess these RCTs for methodological problems that may affect the conclusions of the NMAs.
    Method: A NMA was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. RCTs of adult patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery with appropriate antibiotic cover and with at least 250 participants recruited, clear definition of endpoints and duration of follow-up extending beyond discharge from hospital were included. The search included Medline, Embase, Cochrane and SCOPUS databases. Primary outcomes were iSSI and anastomotic leak (AL). Statistical analysis was performed in Stata v.15.1 using frequentist routines.
    Results: Ten RCTs including 5107 patients were identified. Treatments compared IV (2218 patients), IV + OA (460 patients), MBP + IV (1405 patients), MBP + IV + OA (538 patients) and OA (486 patients). The likelihood of iSSI was significantly lower for IV + OA (rank 1) and MBP + IVA + OA (rank 2), reducing iSSIs by more than 50%. There were no differences between treatments for AL. Methodological issues included differences in definition, assessment and frequency of primary endpoint infections and the limited number of participants included in some treatment options.
    Conclusion: While this NMA supports the addition of OA to IV to reduce iSSI it also highlights unanswered questions and the need for well-designed pragmatic RCTs.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Colorectal Surgery ; Network Meta-Analysis ; Preoperative Care ; Elective Surgical Procedures/adverse effects ; Surgical Wound Infection/etiology ; Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control ; Anastomotic Leak/etiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1440017-0
    ISSN 1463-1318 ; 1462-8910
    ISSN (online) 1463-1318
    ISSN 1462-8910
    DOI 10.1111/codi.16194
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The impact of prolonged delay to loop ileostomy closure on postoperative morbidity and hospital stay: A retrospective cohort study.

    Turner, Greg A / Clifford, Kari A / Holloway, Rossi / Woodfield, John C / Thompson-Fawcett, Mark

    Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 7, Page(s) 854–861

    Abstract: Aim: There is increasing evidence that delayed loop ileostomy closure is associated with an increase in postoperative morbidity. In the context of a publicly funded health service with constrained theatre access, we review the impact of delay in loop ... ...

    Abstract Aim: There is increasing evidence that delayed loop ileostomy closure is associated with an increase in postoperative morbidity. In the context of a publicly funded health service with constrained theatre access, we review the impact of delay in loop ileostomy closure.
    Method: A retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing loop ileostomy closure at the Dunedin Public Hospital between 2000-2017 was performed. Cases and complications were identified from the prospectively maintained Otago Clinical Audit database. Patient demographics, ASA score, indications for ileostomy, reasons for delay in closure, length of stay (LOS) after ileostomy closure and complications were collected. LOS and overall complication rate were assessed using univariable and multivariable analyses.
    Results: A total of 292 patients were included in the study, of whom 74 (25.3%) were waiting for longer than 12 months for ileostomy closure. The overall complication rate was 21.5%. This was 8% up to 90 days, 20% between 90-360 days, 28% between 360-720 days and 54% after 720 days. Delay was associated with an increased risk of any complication (RR 1.06 for every 30 days with stoma, p < 0.001), including Ileus (OR [95% CI] 1.06 [1.00-1.11], p = 0.024). Overall mean LOS was 5.9 days (range 1-63), being 4.6 days up to 180 days, 5.6 between 180-720 days and 8.7 after 720 days. LOS significantly increased with increasing stoma duration (p = 0.04).
    Conclusion: Increasing time with loop ileostomy is detrimental for patients, being associated with an increase in complication rates, and is detrimental for hospitals due to increased length of stay. Resources should be allocated for timely closure of loop ileostomies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Ileostomy/adverse effects ; Length of Stay ; Morbidity ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1440017-0
    ISSN 1463-1318 ; 1462-8910
    ISSN (online) 1463-1318
    ISSN 1462-8910
    DOI 10.1111/codi.16095
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: A 41-Year-Old Patient with a Rare Cause of Severe Abdominal Sepsis Misdiagnosed as PID.

    Mikuscheva, Anastasia / Becker, David / Thompson-Fawcett, Mark

    Case reports in surgery

    2018  Volume 2018, Page(s) 9561798

    Abstract: Infectious pelvic inflammatory disease is a common condition and a frequent cause of abdominal pain in a young female patient. In a patient who has not completed family planning, the diagnosis is often made with a low threshold and treatment started on a ...

    Abstract Infectious pelvic inflammatory disease is a common condition and a frequent cause of abdominal pain in a young female patient. In a patient who has not completed family planning, the diagnosis is often made with a low threshold and treatment started on a low suspicion of diagnosis to avoid a negative impact on fertility. Here, we present a case of a 41-year-old woman who was misdiagnosed with infectious pelvic inflammatory disease and treated ineffectively with antibiotics when the underlying condition of her persistent abdominal pain was a midgut neuroendocrine tumor that had caused bowel perforation and formation of an abscess in the pouch of Douglas.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2657697-1
    ISSN 2090-6919 ; 2090-6900
    ISSN (online) 2090-6919
    ISSN 2090-6900
    DOI 10.1155/2018/9561798
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Loop ileostomy closure: a retrospective comparison of three techniques.

    Lord, Ian / Reeves, Lesley / Gray, Andrew / Woodfield, John / Clifford, Kari / Thompson-Fawcett, Mark

    ANZ journal of surgery

    2020  Volume 90, Issue 9, Page(s) 1632–1636

    Abstract: Background: Loop ileostomy (LI) formation is a common practice for patients undergoing low anterior resection or restorative ileo-anal pouch surgery. Ileostomy closure can be performed using a stapled or hand-sewn technique, with or without resection. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Loop ileostomy (LI) formation is a common practice for patients undergoing low anterior resection or restorative ileo-anal pouch surgery. Ileostomy closure can be performed using a stapled or hand-sewn technique, with or without resection. If hand-sewn, the closure can be one or two layers. Randomized controlled trials have not demonstrated one technique to be superior, and meta-analyses are limited by the heterogeneity of published studies. Our primary aim is to compare stapled ileostomy closure with single- and two-layer hand-sewn closures.
    Methods: This retrospective, single-centre cohort study included patients undergoing LI closure between January 1999 and April 2016. Patient demographics, anastomotic technique, operative time and patient outcomes were collected.
    Results: Our analysis included 244 patients (median age 67 years, 43.4% female). There were no significant differences in mean operative times (71.5, 73.1 and 88.5 min, for stapled, single- and two-layer hand-sewn closures, respectively, adjusted overall P = 0.262), or morbidity (21.5% versus 20.4% versus 17.6%, adjusted overall P = 0.934) between stapled or hand-sewn anastomoses, and no mortality. Once adjusting for age, sex, American College of Anaesthesiology grade, and consultant surgeon, the length of stay was different (overall P = 0.034), being similar between stapled and single-layer closures (4.2 versus 5.5 days, P = 0.105), but significantly different between stapled and two-layer closures (4.2 versus 8.3 days, P = 0.026).
    Conclusion: Stapled and single-layered hand-sewn closures are similar in length of procedure, length of stay and complication rates. A two-layer, hand-sewn technique is associated with a significant increase in stay compared to a stapled ileostomy closure.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Ileostomy ; Intestine, Small ; Male ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Stapling ; Suture Techniques
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-17
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050749-5
    ISSN 1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    ISSN (online) 1445-2197
    ISSN 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    DOI 10.1111/ans.15922
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Role for colorectal teams to support non-colorectal teams to improve clinical outcomes and adherence to ERAS guidelines for segmental colectomy: a cohort study.

    Mallard, Simonette R / Clifford, Kari A / Park, R / Cousins, Kim / Patton, Ann / Woodfield, John C / Thompson-Fawcett, Mark

    BMC surgery

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 132

    Abstract: Background: To identify whether compliance with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society recommendations is associated with length of stay (LOS) in a New Zealand hospital for patients undergoing segmental colectomy in mixed acute and elective ... ...

    Abstract Background: To identify whether compliance with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society recommendations is associated with length of stay (LOS) in a New Zealand hospital for patients undergoing segmental colectomy in mixed acute and elective general surgery wards.
    Methods: Consecutive elective colorectal surgeries (n = 770) between October 2012 and February 2019 were audited. Patients with non-segmental colectomies, multi-organ surgeries, LOS > 14 days, and those who died were excluded. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between patient demographics, compliance with ERAS guidelines, and suboptimal LOS (> 4 days).
    Results: Analysis included 376 patients. Age, surgery prior to 2014, surgical approach, non-colorectal surgical team, operation type, and complications were significantly associated with suboptimal LOS. Non-compliance with ERAS recommendations for laparoscopy [OR 8.9, 95% CI (4.52, 19.67)], removal of indwelling catheters (IDC) [OR 3.14, 95% CI (1.85, 5.51)], use of abdominal drains [OR 4.27, 95% CI (0.99, 18.35)], and removal of PCA [OR 8.71, 95% CI (1.78, 157.27)], were associated with suboptimal LOS (univariable analysis). Multivariable analysis showed that age, surgical team, late removal of IDC, and open approach were independent predictors of suboptimal LOS.
    Conclusions: Non-compliance with ERAS guidelines for laparoscopic approach and early removal of IDC was higher among procedures performed by non-colorectal surgery teams, and was also associated with adverse postoperative events and suboptimal LOS. This study demonstrates the importance of the surgical team's expertise in affecting surgical outcomes, and did not find significant independent associations between most individual ERAS guidelines and suboptimal LOS once adjusting for other factors.
    MeSH term(s) Cohort Studies ; Colectomy ; Elective Surgical Procedures ; Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ; Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Interprofessional Relations ; Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data ; New Zealand ; Patient Care Team/organization & administration ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Professional Role ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050442-1
    ISSN 1471-2482 ; 1471-2482
    ISSN (online) 1471-2482
    ISSN 1471-2482
    DOI 10.1186/s12893-021-01149-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Decision-making bias in assessment: the effect of aggregating objective information and anecdote.

    Tweed, Mike J / Thompson-Fawcett, Mark / Wilkinson, Tim J

    Medical teacher

    2013  Volume 35, Issue 10, Page(s) 832–837

    Abstract: Introduction: Assessment decisions increasingly rely on synthesis of information from a variety of sources. It is known that aggregation of information to make decisions is open to a number of biases. The aim of this research was to investigate bias, ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Assessment decisions increasingly rely on synthesis of information from a variety of sources. It is known that aggregation of information to make decisions is open to a number of biases. The aim of this research was to investigate bias, accuracy and confidence of assessment decision making.
    Methods: The participants were consultation skills assessors. A model for incremental information was developed with participants being shown results from purposefully selected, but authentic, data from the University's final summative 10-station Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). After each piece of information, participants gave a pass-fail decision and their confidence in that choice. Following the information from 10 OSCE stations the participants were given a discordant fictional anecdote and again participants gave a pass-fail decision and their confidence.
    Results: When there is overwhelming evidence to support a pass or fail, participants were not as confident as the data would support. Participants were less confident to make a fail decision than a pass. Despite considerable evidence from multiple results some participants altered decisions based on isolated contradictory information from an anecdote.
    Discussion: These findings are significant in understanding decision-making. Given equivalent levels of evidence, decision makers are less confident to fail than pass and less robust information can undermine more robust information.
    MeSH term(s) Clinical Competence ; Communication ; Decision Making ; Humans ; Self Concept ; Students, Medical/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 424426-6
    ISSN 1466-187X ; 0142-159X
    ISSN (online) 1466-187X
    ISSN 0142-159X
    DOI 10.3109/0142159X.2013.803062
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Management of sigmoid volvulus: is early surgery justifiable?

    Yassaie, Omid / Thompson-Fawcett, Mark / Rossaak, Jeremy

    ANZ journal of surgery

    2013  Volume 83, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 74–78

    Abstract: Introduction: Sigmoid volvulus typically occurs in older patients who have multiple co-morbidities. Therefore, often, a conservative approach to management is chosen. However, there is little data on long-term outcomes of this approach in Australasia. ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Sigmoid volvulus typically occurs in older patients who have multiple co-morbidities. Therefore, often, a conservative approach to management is chosen. However, there is little data on long-term outcomes of this approach in Australasia. The aim of this study was to review the recurrence and mortality outcomes of patients admitted to Dunedin Hospital with sigmoid volvulus.
    Methods: All cases of sigmoid volvulus admitted to the Department of General Surgery at Dunedin Hospital from January 1989 to January 2009 were identified using a prospective database, the Otago Clinical Audit. Mortality data was accessed from the National Births and Deaths Registry.
    Results: Fifty-seven patients, median age of 68, were included in the study with 84 admissions for sigmoid volvulus. A total of 39 of the 57 patients ultimately had surgery, 26 on the index admission. Thirty-one patients (61%) treated conservatively at index admission had a recurrence at a median of 31 days. Forty-two per cent of the patients treated conservatively a second time suffered a further recurrence at a median of 144 days. There was no recurrence in patients who had surgery. There was no in-hospital mortality reported in either group. There was one anastomotic leak in the surgical group. Minor complications included ileus, respiratory infections, urinary tract infection and a hernia.
    Conclusion: Early elective operation for cases of sigmoid volvulus is encouraged in patients without prohibitive co-morbidities as this study shows a high recurrence rate in conservatively managed patients and a low morbidity and mortality in surgically managed patients.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Colectomy ; Elective Surgical Procedures ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Volvulus/mortality ; Intestinal Volvulus/surgery ; Intestinal Volvulus/therapy ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Sigmoid Diseases/mortality ; Sigmoid Diseases/surgery ; Sigmoid Diseases/therapy ; Sigmoidoscopy ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-01
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050749-5
    ISSN 1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    ISSN (online) 1445-2197
    ISSN 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    DOI 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2012.06182.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Audit of the association between length of time spent on diagnostic work-up and tumour stage in patients with symptomatic colon cancer.

    Tiong, Jimmy / Gray, Andrew / Jackson, Christopher / Thompson-Fawcett, Mark / Schultz, Michael

    ANZ journal of surgery

    2017  Volume 87, Issue 3, Page(s) 138–142

    Abstract: Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most incident cancers in New Zealand. Due to resource limitations, some patients experienced protracted wait times before reaching a definitive diagnosis. We analysed the relationship between time to diagnosis ...

    Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most incident cancers in New Zealand. Due to resource limitations, some patients experienced protracted wait times before reaching a definitive diagnosis. We analysed the relationship between time to diagnosis and clinical stage and reviewed the length of time for components of the diagnostic work-up to identify priority areas for service improvement. We benchmarked our timeliness against introduced standards.
    Methods: This retrospective study included all patients with colonic (not rectal) cancer between October 2007 and September 2009. Patients were stratified into an early and advanced group. Types of delay were calculated from the onset of symptoms to the administration of treatment. The compliance with target waiting times was assessed.
    Results: Fifty-eight patients were included in the early group and 83 patients in the advanced group. There were no significant differences in demographics or symptoms. The work-up was longer than international benchmarks, but with wide variations. There was no statistical difference between lengths of work-up in the groups. The advanced group had increased utilization of private and emergency investigations. Forty-four per cent met the diagnostic colonoscopy target waiting time of 42 days with a trend in favour of the advanced group and 21% received treatment within 62 days (non-significant).
    Conclusion: Current systems are not sophisticated enough to predict the stage of colon cancer. Here, long waiting times were not associated with cancer stage in symptomatic patients. Resources need to be directed to diagnostic colonic imaging.
    MeSH term(s) Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms/therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; New Zealand ; Patient Compliance ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Time-to-Treatment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2050749-5
    ISSN 1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    ISSN (online) 1445-2197
    ISSN 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    DOI 10.1111/ans.12804
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Response to Re: Management of sigmoid volvulus: is early surgery justifiable?

    Thompson-Fawcett, Mark / Yassaie, Omid / Rossaak, Jeremy

    ANZ journal of surgery

    2013  Volume 83, Issue 9, Page(s) 692–693

    MeSH term(s) Colectomy ; Elective Surgical Procedures ; Female ; Humans ; Ileal Diseases/diagnosis ; Intestinal Obstruction/diagnosis ; Intestinal Volvulus/surgery ; Male ; Sigmoid Diseases/diagnosis ; Sigmoid Diseases/surgery ; Sigmoidoscopy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-09
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 2050749-5
    ISSN 1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    ISSN (online) 1445-2197
    ISSN 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
    DOI 10.1111/ans.12324
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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