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  1. Article ; Online: Testing of worn face mask and saliva for SARS-CoV-2.

    Wang, Xiaoling / Thwin, Ohnmar / Haq, Zahin / Dong, Zijun / Tisdale, Lela / Fuentes, Lemuel Rivera / Grobe, Nadja / Kotanko, Peter

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1237512

    Abstract: Background: Exhaled SARS-CoV-2 can be detected on face masks. We compared tests for SARS-CoV-2 RNA on worn face masks and matched saliva samples.: Methods: We conducted this prospective, observational, case-control study between December 2021 and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Exhaled SARS-CoV-2 can be detected on face masks. We compared tests for SARS-CoV-2 RNA on worn face masks and matched saliva samples.
    Methods: We conducted this prospective, observational, case-control study between December 2021 and March 2022.
    Results: Mask and saliva testing specificities were 99% and 100%, respectively. Test sensitivity was 62% for masks, and 81% for saliva (
    Conclusion: While SARS-CoV-2 testing on worn masks appears to be less sensitive compared to saliva, it may be a preferred screening method for individuals who are mandated to wear masks yet averse to more invasive sampling. However, optimized RNA extraction methods and automated procedures are warranted to increase test sensitivity and scalability. We corroborated longer viral RNA shedding in immunocompromised patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Saliva ; COVID-19 Testing ; Masks ; Case-Control Studies ; Prospective Studies ; RNA, Viral
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1237512
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  2. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody response after three doses of mRNA1273 vaccine and COVID-19 in hemodialysis patients.

    Wang, Xiaoling / Han, Maggie / Fuentes, Lemuel Rivera / Thwin, Ohnmar / Grobe, Nadja / Wang, Kevin / Wang, Yuedong / Kotanko, Peter

    Frontiers in nephrology

    2022  Volume 2

    Abstract: Background: In hemodialysis patients, a third vaccination is frequently administered to augment protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the newly emerged B.1.1.159 (Omicron) variant may evade vaccinal protection more easily than ...

    Abstract Background: In hemodialysis patients, a third vaccination is frequently administered to augment protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the newly emerged B.1.1.159 (Omicron) variant may evade vaccinal protection more easily than previous strains. It is of clinical interest to better understand the neutralizing activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants after booster vaccine or COVID-19 infection in these mostly immunocompromised patients.
    Methods: Hemodialysis patients from four dialysis centers were recruited between June 2021 and February 2022. Each patient provided a median of six serum samples. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against wild type (WT) or Omicron were measured using the GenScript SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test Kit.
    Results: Forty-two patients had three doses of mRNA1273. Compared to levels prior to the third dose, nAb-WT increased 18-fold (peak at day 23) and nAb-Omicron increased 23-fold (peak at day 24) after the third dose. Peak nAb-WT exceeded peak nAb-Omicron 27-fold. Twenty-one patients had COVID-19 between December 24, 2021, and February 2, 2022. Following COVID-19, nAb-WT and nAb-Omicron increased 12- and 40-fold, respectively. While levels of vaccinal and post-COVID nAb-WT were comparable, post-COVID nAb-Omicron levels were 3.2 higher than the respective peak vaccinal nAb-Omicron. Four immunocompromised patients having reasons other than end-stage kidney disease have very low to no nAb after the third dose or COVID-19.
    Conclusions: Our results suggest that most hemodialysis patients have a strong humoral response to the third dose of vaccination and an even stronger post-COVID-19 humoral response. Nevertheless, nAb levels clearly decay over time. These findings may inform ongoing discussions regarding a fourth vaccination in hemodialysis patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2813-0626
    ISSN (online) 2813-0626
    DOI 10.3389/fneph.2022.926635
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  3. Article ; Online: Identification of arterial oxygen intermittency in oximetry data.

    Galuzio, Paulo P / Cherif, Alhaji / Tao, Xia / Thwin, Ohnmar / Zhang, Hanjie / Thijssen, Stephan / Kotanko, Peter

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 16023

    Abstract: In patients with kidney failure treated by hemodialysis, intradialytic arterial oxygen saturation ( ... ...

    Abstract In patients with kidney failure treated by hemodialysis, intradialytic arterial oxygen saturation (SaO
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Oximetry/methods ; Oxygen ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-20493-0
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  4. Article ; Online: Estimation of fluid status using three multifrequency bioimpedance methods in hemodialysis patients.

    Wang, Lin-Chun / Raimann, Jochen G / Tao, Xia / Preciado, Priscila / Thwin, Ohnmar / Rosales, Laura / Thijssen, Stephan / Kotanko, Peter / Zhu, Fansan

    Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis

    2022  Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 575–587

    Abstract: Introduction: Segmental eight-point bioimpedance has been increasingly used in practice. However, whether changes in bioimpedance analysis components before and after hemodialysis (HD) using this technique in a standing position is comparable to ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Segmental eight-point bioimpedance has been increasingly used in practice. However, whether changes in bioimpedance analysis components before and after hemodialysis (HD) using this technique in a standing position is comparable to traditional whole-body wrist-to-ankle method is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the differences between two eight-point devices (InBody 770 and Seca mBCA 514) and one wrist-to-ankle (Hydra 4200) in HD patients and healthy subjects in a standing position.
    Methods: Thirteen HD patients were studied pre- and post-HD, and 12 healthy subjects once. Four measurements were performed in the following order: InBody; Seca; Hydra; and InBody again. Electrical equivalent models by each bioimpedance method and the fluid volume estimates by each device were also compared.
    Findings: Overall, total body water (TBW) was not different between the three devices, but InBody showed lower extracellular water (ECW) and higher intracellular water (ICW) compared to the other two devices. When intradialytic weight loss was used as a surrogate for changes in ECW (∆ECW) and changes in TBW (∆TBW), ∆ECW was underestimated by Hydra (-0.79 ± 0.89 L, p < 0.01), InBody (-1.44 ± 0.65 L, p < 0.0001), and Seca (-0.32 ± 1.34, n.s.). ∆TBW was underestimated by Hydra (-1.14 ± 2.81 L, n.s.) and InBody (-0.52 ± 0.85 L, p < 0.05) but overestimated by Seca (+0.93 ± 3.55 L, n.s.).
    Discussion: Although segmental eight-point bioimpedance techniques provided comparable TBW measurements not affected by standing over a period of 10-15 min, the ECW/TBW ratio appeared to be significantly lower in InBody compared with Seca and Hydra. Results from our study showed lack of agreement between different bioimpedance devices; direct comparison of ECW, ICW, and ECW/TBW between different devices should be avoided and clinicians should use the same device to track the fluid status in their HD population in a longitudinal direction.
    MeSH term(s) Body Water ; Electric Impedance ; Humans ; Renal Dialysis ; Water
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-19
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2192458-2
    ISSN 1542-4758 ; 1492-7535
    ISSN (online) 1542-4758
    ISSN 1492-7535
    DOI 10.1111/hdi.13034
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    Zs.A 6091: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity Rates in Patients and Clinical Staff in New York City Dialysis Facilities: Association With the General Population.

    Thwin, Ohnmar / Grobe, Nadja / Tapia Silva, Leticia M / Ye, Xiaoling / Zhang, Hanjie / Wang, Yuedong / Kotanko, Peter

    Kidney medicine

    2021  Volume 3, Issue 4, Page(s) 678–679

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2590-0595
    ISSN (online) 2590-0595
    DOI 10.1016/j.xkme.2021.02.010
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  6. Article ; Online: Testing of Worn Face Masks for Timely Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in Hemodialysis Patients.

    Wang, Xiaoling / Grobe, Nadja / Haq, Zahin / Thwin, Ohnmar / Fuentes, Lemuel Rivera / Maddux, Dugan / Kotanko, Peter

    Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

    2021  Volume 32, Issue 11, Page(s) 2728–2730

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Masks/virology ; Middle Aged ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency/therapy ; Renal Insufficiency/virology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1085942-1
    ISSN 1533-3450 ; 1046-6673
    ISSN (online) 1533-3450
    ISSN 1046-6673
    DOI 10.1681/ASN.2021060812
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    Zs.A 3344: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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  7. Article ; Online: Gut Microbiome-Derived Uremic Toxin Levels in Hemodialysis Patients on Different Phosphate Binder Therapies.

    Wang, Lin-Chun / Tapia, Leticia M / Tao, Xia / Chao, Joshua E / Thwin, Ohnmar / Zhang, Hanjie / Thijssen, Stephan / Kotanko, Peter / Grobe, Nadja

    Blood purification

    2021  Volume 51, Issue 8, Page(s) 639–648

    Abstract: Introduction: Constipation is prevalent in patients with kidney failure partly due to the use of medication, such as phosphate binders. We hypothesized that serum levels of gut microbiome-derived uremic toxins (UTOX) may be affected by the choice of ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Constipation is prevalent in patients with kidney failure partly due to the use of medication, such as phosphate binders. We hypothesized that serum levels of gut microbiome-derived uremic toxins (UTOX) may be affected by the choice of phosphate binder putatively through its impact on colonic transit time. We investigated two commonly prescribed phosphate binders, sevelamer carbonate (SEV) and sucroferric oxyhydroxide (SFO), and their association with gut microbiome-derived UTOX levels in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
    Methods: Weekly blood samples were collected from 16 anuric HD participants during the 5-week observational period. All participants were on active phosphate binder monotherapy with either SFO or SEV for at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment. Eight UTOX (7 gut microbiome-derived) and tryptophan were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Serum phosphorus, nutritional, and liver function markers were also measured. For each substance, weekly individual levels, the median concentration per participant, and differences between SFO and SEV groups were reported. Patient-reported bowel movements, by the Bristol Stool Scale (BSS), and pill usage were assessed weekly.
    Results: The SEV group reported a 3.3-fold higher frequency of BSS stool types 1 and 2 (more likely constipated, p < 0.05), whereas the SFO group reported a 1.5-fold higher frequency of BSS stool types 5-7 (more likely loose stool and diarrhea, not significant). Participants in the SFO group showed a trend toward better adherence to phosphate binder therapy (SFO: 87.6% vs. SEV: 66.6%, not significant). UTOX, serum phosphorus, nutritional and liver function markers, and tryptophan were not different between the two groups.
    Conclusion: There was no difference in the gut microbiome-derived UTOX levels between phosphate binders (SFO vs. SEV), despite SFO therapy resulting in fewer constipated participants. This pilot study may inform study design of future clinical trials and highlights the importance of including factors beyond bowel habits and their association with UTOX levels.
    MeSH term(s) Chelating Agents/therapeutic use ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Hyperphosphatemia/drug therapy ; Hyperphosphatemia/etiology ; Phosphates ; Phosphorus ; Pilot Projects ; Renal Dialysis/adverse effects ; Sevelamer/therapeutic use ; Toxins, Biological ; Tryptophan/therapeutic use ; Uremic Toxins
    Chemical Substances Chelating Agents ; Phosphates ; Toxins, Biological ; Uremic Toxins ; Phosphorus (27YLU75U4W) ; Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX) ; Sevelamer (9YCX42I8IU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605548-5
    ISSN 1421-9735 ; 0253-5068
    ISSN (online) 1421-9735
    ISSN 0253-5068
    DOI 10.1159/000517470
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    Zs.A 1872: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Effect of Statewide Lockdown in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity Levels of Hemodialysis Patients.

    Han, Maggie / Preciado, Priscila / Thwin, Ohnmar / Tao, Xia / Tapia-Silva, Leticia M / Fuentes, Lemuel Rivera / Hakim, Mohamad / Patel, Amrish / Tisdale, Lela / Zhang, Hanjie / Kotanko, Peter

    Blood purification

    2021  Volume 50, Issue 4-5, Page(s) 602–609

    Abstract: Background/objectives: On March 22, 2020, a statewide stay-at-home order for nonessential tasks was implemented in New York State. We aimed to determine the impact of the lockdown on physical activity levels (PAL) in hemodialysis patients.: Methods: ... ...

    Abstract Background/objectives: On March 22, 2020, a statewide stay-at-home order for nonessential tasks was implemented in New York State. We aimed to determine the impact of the lockdown on physical activity levels (PAL) in hemodialysis patients.
    Methods: Starting in May 2018, we are conducting an observational study with a 1-year follow-up on PAL in patients from 4 hemodialysis clinics in New York City. Patients active in the study as of March 22, 2020, were included. PAL was defined by steps taken per day measured by a wrist-based monitoring device (Fitbit Charge 2). Average steps/day were calculated for January 1 to February 13, 2020, and then weekly from February 14 to June 30.
    Results: 42 patients were included. Their mean age was 55 years, 79% were males, and 69% were African Americans. Between January 1 and February 13, 2020, patients took on average 5,963 (95% CI 4,909-7,017) steps/day. In the week prior to the mandated lockdown, when a national emergency was declared, and in the week of the shutdown, the average number of daily steps had decreased by 868 steps/day (95% CI 213-1,722) and 1,222 steps/day (95% CI 668-2300), respectively. Six patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the study period. Five of them exhibited significantly higher PAL in the 2 weeks prior to showing COVID-19 symptoms compared to COVID-19 negative patients.
    Conclusion: Lockdown measures were associated with a significant decrease in PAL in hemodialysis patients. Patients who contracted COVID-19 had higher PAL during the incubation period. Methods to increase PAL while allowing for social distancing should be explored and implemented.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Exercise ; Female ; Fitness Trackers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; New York City ; Pandemics ; Physical Distancing ; Prospective Studies ; Quarantine ; Renal Dialysis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-31
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 605548-5
    ISSN 1421-9735 ; 0253-5068
    ISSN (online) 1421-9735
    ISSN 0253-5068
    DOI 10.1159/000514935
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  9. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 in Spent Dialysate from Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with COVID-19.

    Wang, Xiaoling / Patel, Amrish / Tisdale, Lela / Haq, Zahin / Ye, Xiaoling / Lasky, Rachel / Preciado, Priscila / Tao, Xia / Dias, Gabriela Ferreira / Chao, Joshua E / Hakim, Mohamad / Han, Maggie / Thwin, Ohnmar / Raimann, Jochen / Chatoth, Dinesh / Kotanko, Peter / Grobe, Nadja

    Kidney360

    2020  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 86–89

    Abstract: Background: To date, it is unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 is present in spent dialysate from patients with COVID-19 on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Our aim was to assess the presence or absence of SARS-CoV-2 in spent dialysate from patients on chronic PD who ... ...

    Abstract Background: To date, it is unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 is present in spent dialysate from patients with COVID-19 on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Our aim was to assess the presence or absence of SARS-CoV-2 in spent dialysate from patients on chronic PD who had a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.
    Methods: Spent PD dialysate samples from patients on PD who were positive for COVID-19 were collected between March and August 2020. The multiplexed, real-time RT-PCR assay contained primer/probe sets specific to different SARS-CoV-2 genomic regions and to bacteriophage MS2 as an internal process control for nucleic acid extraction. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from patients' electronic health records.
    Results: A total of 26 spent PD dialysate samples were collected from 11 patients from ten dialysis centers. Spent PD dialysate samples were collected, on average, 25±13 days (median, 20; range, 10-45) after the onset of symptoms. The temporal distance of PD effluent collection relative to the closest positive nasal-swab RT-PCR result was 15±11 days (median, 14; range, 1-41). All 26 PD effluent samples tested negative at three SARS-CoV-2 genomic regions.
    Conclusions: Our findings indicate the absence of SARS-CoV-2 in spent PD dialysate collected at ≥10 days after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms. We cannot rule out the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in spent PD dialysate in the early stage of COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Dialysis Solutions ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics
    Chemical Substances Dialysis Solutions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2641-7650
    ISSN (online) 2641-7650
    DOI 10.34067/KID.0006102020
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