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Article ; Online: Effect of Dietary Intervention, with or without Cointerventions, on Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Hall, Renate L / George, Elena S / Tierney, Audrey C / Reddy, Anjana J

2023 Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 475–499

Abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of disease from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, with inflammatory cytokines and adipokines identified as drivers of disease progression. Poor dietary patterns are known to ... ...

Abstract	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of disease from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, with inflammatory cytokines and adipokines identified as drivers of disease progression. Poor dietary patterns are known to promote an inflammatory milieu, although the effects of specific diets remain largely unknown. This review aimed to gather and summarize new and existing evidence on the effect of dietary intervention on inflammatory markers in patients with NAFLD. The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane were searched for clinical trials which investigated outcomes of inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Eligible studies included adults >18 y with NAFLD, which compared a dietary intervention with an alternative diet or control (no intervention) group or were accompanied by supplementation or other lifestyle interventions. Outcomes for inflammatory markers were grouped and pooled for meta-analysis where heterogeneity was allowed. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Criteria. Overall, 44 studies with a total of 2579 participants were included. Meta-analyses indicated intervention with an isocaloric diet plus supplement was more effective in reducing C-reactive protein (CRP) [standard mean difference (SMD): 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.68; P = 0.0003] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (SMD: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.46; P = 0.03) than an isocaloric diet alone. No significant weighting was shown between a hypocaloric diet with or without supplementation for CRP (SMD: 0.30; 95% CI: -0.84, 1.44; P = 0.60) and TNF-α (SMD: 0.01; 95% CI: -0.43, 0.45; P = 0.97). In conclusion, hypocaloric and energy-restricted diets alone or with supplementation, and isocaloric diets with supplementation were shown to be most effective in improving the inflammatory profile of patients with NAFLD. To better determine the effectiveness of dietary intervention alone on a NAFLD population, further investigations of longer durations, with larger sample sizes are required.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/drug therapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Diet, Reducing ; Obesity ; C-Reactive Protein ; Adipokines/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Adipokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2583634-1
ISSN	2156-5376 ; 2156-5376
ISSN (online)	2156-5376
ISSN	2156-5376
DOI	10.1016/j.advnut.2023.01.001
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Article ; Online: Usage of Mobile Applications or Mobile Health Technology to Improve Diet Quality in Adults.

Scarry, Alan / Rice, Jennifer / O'Connor, Eibhlís M / Tierney, Audrey C

Nutrients

2022 Volume 14, Issue 12

Abstract: The use of mobile applications for dietary purposes has dramatically increased along with the consistent development of mobile technology. Assessing diet quality as a dietary pattern or an indicator across key food groups in comparison to those ... ...

Abstract	The use of mobile applications for dietary purposes has dramatically increased along with the consistent development of mobile technology. Assessing diet quality as a dietary pattern or an indicator across key food groups in comparison to those recommended by dietary guidelines is useful for identifying optimal nutrient intake. This systematic review aims to explore mobile applications and their impact on the diet quality of the user. The electronic databases of The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (Cinahl), The American Psychological Association's (APA Psycinfo), and PubMed were systematically searched for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials to retrieve papers from inception to November 2021. Ten studies with 1638 participants were included. A total of 5342 studies were retrieved from the database searches, with 10 articles eligible for final inclusion in the review. The sample sizes ranged from 27 to 732 participants across the included studies, with 1638 total participants. The ratio of female to male participants in the studies was 4:1. The majority of the mobile applications or M-health interventions were used to highlight dietary health changes (six studies), with the remainder used to reduce weight or blood sugar levels (four studies). Each study used a different measure to quantify diet quality. Studies were either assessed by diet quality scoring or individual dietary assessment, of the ten studies, six studies reported an improvement in diet quality following diet-related mobile application use. Mobile applications may be an effective way to improve diet quality in adults; however, there is a need for more targeted and longer-term studies that are expressly designed to investigate the impact using mobile applications has on diet quality.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Biomedical Technology ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mobile Applications ; Technology ; Telemedicine
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14122437
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Article: Changing the Irish dietary guidelines to incorporate the principles of the Mediterranean diet: proposing the MedÉire diet

Tierney, Audrey C / Zabetakis, Ioannis

Public health nutrition. 2019 Feb., v. 22, no. 2

2019

Abstract: In Ireland, the major causes of death are CVD. The current Irish healthy eating guidelines and food pyramid primarily advocate a low-fat diet. However, there is overwhelming scientific evidence for the benefits of a Mediterranean diet (Med Diet) in the ... ...

Abstract	In Ireland, the major causes of death are CVD. The current Irish healthy eating guidelines and food pyramid primarily advocate a low-fat diet. However, there is overwhelming scientific evidence for the benefits of a Mediterranean diet (Med Diet) in the prevention and management of metabolic disease as well as improving overall health and well-being. In the current commentary, the rationale to incorporate the principles of the Med Diet into the Irish dietary guidelines is presented. Perspectives of authors. Local and international. Populations in Europe, North America and Australia. Adopting components of the Med Diet presents a more evidence-based approach to updating the current Irish dietary guidelines. Experience and lessons from other non-Mediterranean countries show that it could be a feasible and effective solution to improving the dietary habits of the Irish population to prevent and mange chronic diseases. Policies and programmes to address perceived barriers to the Med Diet’s implementation and uptake in non-Mediterranean countries should be promoted.
Keywords	chronic diseases ; death ; Dietary Guidelines ; Food Guide Pyramid ; guidelines ; healthy eating habits ; issues and policy ; low fat diet ; mange ; Mediterranean diet ; metabolic diseases ; Australia ; Ireland ; North America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-02
Size	p. 375-381.
Publishing place	Cambridge University Press
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1436024-x
ISSN	1475-2727 ; 1368-9800
ISSN (online)	1475-2727
ISSN	1368-9800
DOI	10.1017/S136898001800246X
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Changing the Irish dietary guidelines to incorporate the principles of the Mediterranean diet: proposing the MedÉire diet.

Tierney, Audrey C / Zabetakis, Ioannis

Public health nutrition

2018 , Page(s) 1–7

Abstract: Objective: In Ireland, the major causes of death are CVD. The current Irish healthy eating guidelines and food pyramid primarily advocate a low-fat diet. However, there is overwhelming scientific evidence for the benefits of a Mediterranean diet (Med ... ...

Abstract	Objective: In Ireland, the major causes of death are CVD. The current Irish healthy eating guidelines and food pyramid primarily advocate a low-fat diet. However, there is overwhelming scientific evidence for the benefits of a Mediterranean diet (Med Diet) in the prevention and management of metabolic disease as well as improving overall health and well-being. In the current commentary, the rationale to incorporate the principles of the Med Diet into the Irish dietary guidelines is presented. Design: Perspectives of authors. Setting: Local and international. Subjects: Populations in Europe, North America and Australia. Results: Adopting components of the Med Diet presents a more evidence-based approach to updating the current Irish dietary guidelines. Experience and lessons from other non-Mediterranean countries show that it could be a feasible and effective solution to improving the dietary habits of the Irish population to prevent and mange chronic diseases. Conclusions: Policies and programmes to address perceived barriers to the Med Diet's implementation and uptake in non-Mediterranean countries should be promoted.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1436024-x
ISSN	1475-2727 ; 1368-9800
ISSN (online)	1475-2727
ISSN	1368-9800
DOI	10.1017/S136898001800246X
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Usage of Mobile Applications or Mobile Health Technology to Improve Diet Quality in Adults

Scarry, Alan / Rice, Jennifer / O’Connor, Eibhlís M. / Tierney, Audrey C.

Nutrients. 2022 June 12, v. 14, no. 12

2022

Abstract	The use of mobile applications for dietary purposes has dramatically increased along with the consistent development of mobile technology. Assessing diet quality as a dietary pattern or an indicator across key food groups in comparison to those recommended by dietary guidelines is useful for identifying optimal nutrient intake. This systematic review aims to explore mobile applications and their impact on the diet quality of the user. The electronic databases of The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (Cinahl), The American Psychological Association’s (APA Psycinfo), and PubMed were systematically searched for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials to retrieve papers from inception to November 2021. Ten studies with 1638 participants were included. A total of 5342 studies were retrieved from the database searches, with 10 articles eligible for final inclusion in the review. The sample sizes ranged from 27 to 732 participants across the included studies, with 1638 total participants. The ratio of female to male participants in the studies was 4:1. The majority of the mobile applications or M-health interventions were used to highlight dietary health changes (six studies), with the remainder used to reduce weight or blood sugar levels (four studies). Each study used a different measure to quantify diet quality. Studies were either assessed by diet quality scoring or individual dietary assessment, of the ten studies, six studies reported an improvement in diet quality following diet-related mobile application use. Mobile applications may be an effective way to improve diet quality in adults; however, there is a need for more targeted and longer-term studies that are expressly designed to investigate the impact using mobile applications has on diet quality.
Keywords	blood glucose ; databases ; eating habits ; females ; food quality ; males ; nutrition assessment ; optimal nutrition ; systematic review ; telemedicine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0612
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14122437
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Probiotic use in adults with cystic fibrosis is common and influenced by gastrointestinal health needs: A cross‐sectional survey study

Anderson, Jacqueline L. / Tierney, Audrey C. / Miles, Caitlin / Kotsimbos, Tom / King, Susannah J.

Journal of human nutrition and dietetics. 2022 June, v. 35, no. 3

2022

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) primarily affects the lung, however, gastrointestinal disorders and symptoms, including dysbiosis, also impact on morbidity and quality of life. There is interest in strategies to modulate the gastrointestinal microbiota, ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) primarily affects the lung, however, gastrointestinal disorders and symptoms, including dysbiosis, also impact on morbidity and quality of life. There is interest in strategies to modulate the gastrointestinal microbiota, including probiotics, although the evidence remains inadequate to guide practice, and information on use is limited. The present study aimed to characterise probiotic use, beliefs and experiences of adults with CF. METHODS: A cross‐sectional questionnaire study was conducted in adults with CF (n = 205) and a general population Control group (n = 158), recruited from Victoria, Australia. Participants were classified as probiotic ‘Ever Users’ or ‘Never Users’. Outcomes included self‐reported probiotic use and factors associated with probiotic use, which were analysed using logistic regression analysis. Open‐ended questionnaire responses were thematically analysed. RESULTS: In total, 70% of adults with CF had ever used probiotics (supplements and/or foods), comparable to Controls (80%) (p = 0.03). Key reasons for CF probiotic use were gastrointestinal‐ and antibiotic‐related (75%). Most CF Ever Users (73%) did not discuss probiotic use with CF clinicians and 33% were uncertain if probiotics had been helpful. Female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36–5.87; p = 0.005), university‐level education (OR = 2.73; 95% CI = 1.24–6.01; p = 0.01) and bloating on antibiotics (OR = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.04–4.40; p = 0.04) were independently associated with probiotic use in CF; as was female gender in Controls (OR = 2.84; 95% CI = 1.20–6.71; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Probiotics were used by adults with CF for gastrointestinal‐ and antibiotic‐related reasons often without informing clinicians and despite uncertainty about perceived helpfulness. Further research investigating gastrointestinal outcomes of probiotics will inform practice recommendations guiding their use in CF and other chronic diseases.
Keywords	confidence interval ; cross-sectional studies ; cystic fibrosis ; dietetics ; dysbiosis ; education ; females ; gastrointestinal system ; intestinal microorganisms ; lungs ; morbidity ; odds ratio ; probiotics ; quality of life ; questionnaires ; regression analysis ; uncertainty
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Size	p. 444-454.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	645183-4
ISSN	1365-277X ; 0952-3871 ; 1465-8178
ISSN (online)	1365-277X
ISSN	0952-3871 ; 1465-8178
DOI	10.1111/jhn.12991
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Article ; Online: Probiotic use in adults with cystic fibrosis is common and influenced by gastrointestinal health needs: A cross-sectional survey study.

Anderson, Jacqueline L / Tierney, Audrey C / Miles, Caitlin / Kotsimbos, Tom / King, Susannah J

Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association

2022 Volume 35, Issue 3, Page(s) 444–454

Abstract: Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) primarily affects the lung, however, gastrointestinal disorders and symptoms, including dysbiosis, also impact on morbidity and quality of life. There is interest in strategies to modulate the gastrointestinal microbiota, ...

Abstract	Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) primarily affects the lung, however, gastrointestinal disorders and symptoms, including dysbiosis, also impact on morbidity and quality of life. There is interest in strategies to modulate the gastrointestinal microbiota, including probiotics, although the evidence remains inadequate to guide practice, and information on use is limited. The present study aimed to characterise probiotic use, beliefs and experiences of adults with CF. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted in adults with CF (n = 205) and a general population Control group (n = 158), recruited from Victoria, Australia. Participants were classified as probiotic 'Ever Users' or 'Never Users'. Outcomes included self-reported probiotic use and factors associated with probiotic use, which were analysed using logistic regression analysis. Open-ended questionnaire responses were thematically analysed. Results: In total, 70% of adults with CF had ever used probiotics (supplements and/or foods), comparable to Controls (80%) (p = 0.03). Key reasons for CF probiotic use were gastrointestinal- and antibiotic-related (75%). Most CF Ever Users (73%) did not discuss probiotic use with CF clinicians and 33% were uncertain if probiotics had been helpful. Female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36-5.87; p = 0.005), university-level education (OR = 2.73; 95% CI = 1.24-6.01; p = 0.01) and bloating on antibiotics (OR = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.04-4.40; p = 0.04) were independently associated with probiotic use in CF; as was female gender in Controls (OR = 2.84; 95% CI = 1.20-6.71; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Probiotics were used by adults with CF for gastrointestinal- and antibiotic-related reasons often without informing clinicians and despite uncertainty about perceived helpfulness. Further research investigating gastrointestinal outcomes of probiotics will inform practice recommendations guiding their use in CF and other chronic diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cystic Fibrosis/complications ; Cystic Fibrosis/therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Probiotics/therapeutic use ; Quality of Life ; Self Report ; Victoria
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645183-4
ISSN	1365-277X ; 0952-3871 ; 1465-8178
ISSN (online)	1365-277X
ISSN	0952-3871 ; 1465-8178
DOI	10.1111/jhn.12991
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Article: Probiotic knowledge of adults with cystic fibrosis is limited but is associated with probiotic use: A cross-sectional survey study.

Anderson, Jacqueline L / Tierney, Audrey C / Miles, Caitlin / Kotsimbos, Tom / King, Susannah J

Nutrition and health

2022 , Page(s) 2601060221136653

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603215-1
ISSN	2047-945X ; 0260-1060
ISSN (online)	2047-945X
ISSN	0260-1060
DOI	10.1177/02601060221136653
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Article ; Online: A Mediterranean and low‐fat dietary intervention in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: Exploring participant experience and perceptions about dietary change

George, Elena S. / Forsyth, Adrienne K. / Reddy, Anjana / Itsiopoulos, Catherine / Roberts, Stuart K. / Nicoll, Amanda J. / Ryan, Marno C. / Tierney, Audrey C.

Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics. 2023 June, v. 36, no. 3 p.592-602

2023

Abstract: BACKGROUND: A Mediterranean diet (MD) appears to be beneficial in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients in Mediterranean countries; however, the acceptability of a MD in non‐Mediterranean populations has not been thoroughly explored. The ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: A Mediterranean diet (MD) appears to be beneficial in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients in Mediterranean countries; however, the acceptability of a MD in non‐Mediterranean populations has not been thoroughly explored. The present study aimed to explore the acceptability through understanding the barriers and enablers of the MD and low‐fat diet (LFD) interventions as perceived by participating Australian adults from multicultural backgrounds with NAFLD. METHODS: Semi‐structured telephone interviews were performed with 23 NAFLD trial participants at the end of a 12‐week dietary intervention in a multicentre, parallel, randomised clinical trial. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Participants reported that they enjoyed taking part in the MD and LFD interventions and perceived that they had positive health benefits from their participation. Compared with the LFD, the MD group placed greater emphasis on enjoyment and intention to maintain dietary changes. Novelty, convenience and the ability to swap food/meals were key enablers for the successful implementation for both of the dietary interventions. Flavour and enjoyment of food, expressed more prominently by MD intervention participants, were fundamental components of the diets with regard to reported adherence and intention to maintain dietary change. CONCLUSIONS: Participants randomised to the MD reported greater acceptability of the diet than those randomised to the LFD, predominantly related to perceived novelty and palatability of the diet.
Keywords	Mediterranean diet ; clinical trials ; dietetics ; fatty liver ; flavor ; low fat diet ; nutritional intervention ; palatability ; telephones
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-06
Size	p. 592-602.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	645183-4
ISSN	1365-277X ; 0952-3871 ; 1465-8178
ISSN (online)	1365-277X
ISSN	0952-3871 ; 1465-8178
DOI	10.1111/jhn.13069
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Article ; Online: Effect of Dietary and Supplemental Lycopene on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Tierney, Audrey C / Rumble, Chloe E / Billings, Lauren M / George, Elena S

Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)

2020 Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) 1453–1488

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally and the presence of ≥1 cardiovascular risk factors elevates total risk. Lycopene, a carotenoid with high antioxidant capacity, may be protective. The aim of this systematic review and ... ...

Abstract	Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally and the presence of ≥1 cardiovascular risk factors elevates total risk. Lycopene, a carotenoid with high antioxidant capacity, may be protective. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analyses is to determine the efficacy of consuming dietary and/or supplemental lycopene on cardiovascular risk factors. Using the PRISMA guidelines, 4 databases were systematically searched from inception: Medline, Cinahl, Proquest, and Scopus. Intervention trials assessing dietary or supplemental lycopene on CVD outcomes were included. The Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included papers. Pooled analysis was conducted using outcomes with available data. Forty-three studies were included. Lycopene interventions were highly variable (supplement with or without food, based as tomato juice/paste/raw product, or combined with olive oil), the dose ranged from 1.44 to 75 mg lycopene/d and was not reported in 11 of 43 included studies. Studies reported conflicting findings for the effect of lycopene on cardiovascular risk factors, This was supported by meta-analyses where there were no significant differences between lycopene intervention and control groups for blood pressure and lipids (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides). This was observed for overall groups and in subgroup analyses for individuals with elevated risk factor concentrations at baseline. Lycopene interventions for cardiovascular risk factors were highly variable across studies in both the dosage provided and the mode of delivery (supplement or food based). As such, there are conflicting findings regarding the efficacy of lycopene to improve cardiovascular risk factors. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO as CRD42018112174.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Cholesterol ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diet ; Humans ; Iran ; Lycopene ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Single-Blind Method
Chemical Substances	Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Lycopene (SB0N2N0WV6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2583634-1
ISSN	2156-5376 ; 2156-5376
ISSN (online)	2156-5376
ISSN	2156-5376
DOI	10.1093/advances/nmaa069
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