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Article ; Online: Responsive characteristics of soil water regimes to rainfall events in a boreal larch forest in China

Zhipeng Xu / Peng Hu / Xiuling Man / Liangliang Duan / Tijiu Cai

Geoderma, Vol 441, Iss , Pp 116741- (2024)

Dynamic processes and decoupling effects

1481

Abstract: Investigating the soil water dynamics in relation to rainfall events is of great importance for enhancing our understanding of eco-hydrological processes and improving soil hydrological models. However, the lack of long-term, in-situ observational data ... ...

Abstract	Investigating the soil water dynamics in relation to rainfall events is of great importance for enhancing our understanding of eco-hydrological processes and improving soil hydrological models. However, the lack of long-term, in-situ observational data and the neglect of soil moisture decoupling have hindered the study of dynamic responses in soil water regimes to rainfall events in China’s boreal forests with permafrost. This study utilized soil water content monitoring and rainfall observational data from the Xing’an larch (Larix gmenilii) forest in Northeast China during the growing seasons of 2015–2021 to evaluate the dynamic response of soil water regimes to rainfall events. The results show a significant increase in the decoupling strength between soil water and rainfall with increasing soil depth. The thresholds of rainfall amount (RA), duration (RD), and intensity (RI) for triggering soil wetting events also increased. Soil water dynamic processes exhibited inconsistent and complex patterns in response to the hierarchical effects of RA, RD, and RI along the vertical soil profile. However, the dominant controls on soil water dynamic responses to RA, RD, and RI varied depending on specific response metrics, such as the accumulated soil water content increments (ASMI), duration time (DT), and the mean slope of the soil wetting curve (Sm). Interestingly, the dominant factor for affecting response time (RT) changed from RI to RD as soil depths increased. Importantly, the decoupling of soil moisture led to a substantial reduction in the responsiveness of these metrics of subsurface soil water to rainfall, and the role of the decoupling effect diminished with increasing soil depths. These findings highlight the complexity of the dynamic response of soil water to rainfall events and provide new insights into the relationship between soil water dynamics and rainfall features through the introduction of the decoupling of soil moisture in boreal forests.
Keywords	Soil water content ; Dynamic processes ; Rainfall events ; Decoupling ; Boreal forests ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Spatial Variability of Throughfall in a Larch ( Larix gmelinii ) Forest in Great Kingan Mountain, Northeastern China

Houcai Sheng / Tijiu Cai

Forests, Vol 12, Iss 393, p

2021 Volume 393

Abstract: Larix gmelinii forest is one of the dominant forest types in boreal forest and plays a unique eco-hydrological role in the terrestrial ecosystem. However, the throughfall variability in boreal forest ecosystems, which plays a crucial role in regulating ... ...

Abstract	Larix gmelinii forest is one of the dominant forest types in boreal forest and plays a unique eco-hydrological role in the terrestrial ecosystem. However, the throughfall variability in boreal forest ecosystems, which plays a crucial role in regulating hydrology, remains unclear. Here, we investigated the spatial variability and temporal stability of throughfall within a Larix gmelinii forest in the full leaf stage in Great Kingan Mountain, Northeast China, and the effects of rainfall properties and canopy structure on throughfall variability were systematically evaluated. The results indicate that throughfall represented 81.26% of the gross rainfall in the forest. The throughfall CV (coefficient of variation of throughfall) had a significant and negative correlation with the rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, and distance from the nearest trunk, whereas it increased with increasing canopy thickness and LAI (leaf area index). The correlation analysis suggested that the throughfall variability was mainly affected by the rainfall amount (R 2 = 0.7714) and canopy thickness (R 2 = 0.7087). The temporal stability analysis indicated that the spatial distribution of the throughfall was temporally stable. Our findings will facilitate a better understanding of the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of throughfall and help the accurate assessment of throughfall and soil water within boreal forests.
Keywords	boreal forest ; throughfall variability ; temporal stability ; rainfall properties ; canopy structure ; full leaf stage ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Multi-Factor Collaborative Analysis of Conservation Effectiveness of Nature Reserves Based on Remote Sensing Data and Google Earth Engine

Jin Zhang / Cunyong Ju / Tijiu Cai / Houcai Sheng / Xia Jing

Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 4594, p

2023 Volume 4594

Abstract: Protected areas (PAs) play a crucial role in safeguarding biological resources and preserving ecosystems. However, the lack of standardized and highly operational criteria for evaluating their conservation effectiveness, particularly across different ... ...

Abstract	Protected areas (PAs) play a crucial role in safeguarding biological resources and preserving ecosystems. However, the lack of standardized and highly operational criteria for evaluating their conservation effectiveness, particularly across different ecological types, remains a significant gap in the literature. This study aims to address this gap by constructing a conservation effectiveness evaluation model for two distinct types of PAs in Heilongjiang Province, China: the Zhalong National Nature Reserve (ZlNNR), a wetland ecological reserve; and the Mudanfeng National Nature Reserve (MdfNNR), a forest ecological reserve. We employed various methods, including land use dynamic index, visual analysis of landscape patterns, remote sensing inversion, and a multi-factor comprehensive assessment model, to assess changes in conservation effectiveness from 2000 to 2020. Our findings reveal a contrast between the two PAs. In the ZlNNR, croplands and water bodies increased significantly by 4069.4 ha ( K = 1.5820%) and 2541.58 ha ( K = 3.2692%). In the MdfNNR, impervious lands increased greatly by 65.35 ha ( K = 7.4021%), whereas forest lands decreased by 125 ha ( K = −0.067%). The core area of the two PAs displayed increased landscape regularity, whereas the experimental area showed heightened landscape diversity. In ZlNNR, the MPS L value increased by 134.91%, whereas the PD L value decreased by 57.43%, indicating a more regular landscape pattern. In MdfNNR, the SHDI L value decreased by 110.7%, whereas the PD L value increased by 52.55%, indicating a more fragmented landscape pattern. The area with improved vegetation trends in ZlNNR was 8.59% larger than in MdfNNR, whereas the area with degraded vegetation trends was 4.86% smaller than in MdfNNR. In all years, the high effectiveness area was larger in ZlNNR than in MdfNNR, whereas the medium and low effectiveness areas were smaller in ZlNNR compared to MdfNNR. This study provides a scientifically rigorous assessment method for evaluating the conservation ...
Keywords	Zhalong National Nature Reserve ; Mudanfeng National Nature Reserve ; conservation effectiveness ; Google Earth Engine ; Science ; Q
Subject code	333 ; 710
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Measurement of Forest Ecological Benefits Based on Big Data

Hua Li / Shuo Liu / Tijiu Cai

Sustainability, Vol 14, Iss 7248, p

2022 Volume 7248

Abstract: Socioeconomic development combined with the development and utilization of forest resources have resulted in the forest ecological environment becoming more and more valuable, and its impact on the national economy has also increased. Firstly, based on a ...

Abstract	Socioeconomic development combined with the development and utilization of forest resources have resulted in the forest ecological environment becoming more and more valuable, and its impact on the national economy has also increased. Firstly, based on a modern statistical model, the dependent variable and independent variable set of standardized forest ecological benefits were determined, and the seemingly unrelated forest ecological benefit model was established. According to the alternative market method and market approximation theory, the first and second monetary models of forest ecological benefit value were constructed using the market approximation coefficient, the effective area coefficient, and the physical quantity conversion coefficient. Next, the concept of “whole diffusion” was introduced into the establishment of the forest ecological benefit model, and the whole diffusion model was established to estimate the physical amount of forest ecological benefits. The concepts of classical forest ecological benefit and generalized forest ecological benefit were proposed. Forest management survey data were used to measure forest ecological benefit, and classic ecological benefit and generalized forest benefit were integrated into one system for the first time. The economic value is 94.31 million RMB ¥.
Keywords	big data ; forest ecological benefit ; measurement ; National nature reserve ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	333 ; 910
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: How Potential Evapotranspiration Regulates the Response of Canopy Transpiration to Soil Moisture and Leaf Area Index of the Boreal Larch Forest in China

Zhipeng Xu / Xiuling Man / Tijiu Cai / Youxian Shang

Forests, Vol 13, Iss 571, p

2022 Volume 571

Abstract: Transpiration is a critical component of the hydrological cycle in the terrestrial forest ecosystem. However, how potential evapotranspiration regulates the response of canopy transpiration to soil moisture and leaf area index of the boreal larch forest ... ...

Abstract	Transpiration is a critical component of the hydrological cycle in the terrestrial forest ecosystem. However, how potential evapotranspiration regulates the response of canopy transpiration to soil moisture and leaf area index of the boreal larch forest in China has rarely been evaluated. The present study was conducted in the larch ( Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr.) forest, which is a typical boreal forest in China. The canopy transpiration was measured using sap flow techniques from May to September in 2021 and simultaneously observing the meteorological variables, leaf area index (LAI) and soil moisture (SWC). The results showed that there were significant differences in canopy transpiration of Larix gmelinii among the months. The correlation and regression analysis indicated that canopy transpiration was mainly influenced by potential evapotranspiration (PET), while the effect of soil moisture on canopy transpiration was lowest compared with other environmental factors. Furthermore, our results revealed that the effect of PET on canopy transpiration was not regulated by soil moisture when soil moisture exceeded 0.2 cm 3 cm −3 . More importantly, under the condition of sufficient soil moisture, it was demonstrated that the response of canopy transpiration to leaf area index was limited when PET exceeded 9 mm/day. These results provide valuable implications for supporting forest management and water resource utilization in the boreal forest ecosystem under the context of global warming.
Keywords	sap flow ; boreal forests ; atmospheric evaporative ; growth index ; soil moisture ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Responses of Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities to Natural Restoration of Reclaimed Temperate Marshes After Abandonment

Chunguang Wang / Haixing Li / Xiaoxin Sun / Tijiu Cai

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Vol

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: Restoration of reclaimed marshes has great effects on soil biological processes. However, the responses of soil microbial properties (microbial biomass and enzyme activities) to natural restoration of reclaimed marshes is poorly studied, especially in a ... ...

Abstract	Restoration of reclaimed marshes has great effects on soil biological processes. However, the responses of soil microbial properties (microbial biomass and enzyme activities) to natural restoration of reclaimed marshes is poorly studied, especially in a long restoration chronosequence. This study assessed the responses of soil microbial properties to natural restoration and investigated the relationships between soil microbial properties and soil physico-chemical and plant properties. We selected a restoration chronosequence (1, 4, 8, 13, 17, 27 years) after farmland abandonment, a soybean field, and a natural marsh in Sanjiang Plain, northeast China. For each site, we analyzed the soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (MBC and MBN), four enzymes (β-glucosidase, invertase, catalase, urease) activities, soil physico-chemical properties at 0–50 cm depths, and plant properties (biomass, height, and coverage). The MBC and MBN contents increased with restoration time, but MBN content slowed down after 8 years of restoration. After 27 years of restoration, the soil MBC and MBN contents were 15.7 and 3.2 times of those in the soybean field, but the largest contents of MBC and MBN in the restored sites were 7.78%, 27.76% lower than those in natural marshes, respectively. Moreover, soil enzyme activities and the geometric mean of enzymatic activities (GME) also increased with restoration but slowed down after 13 years of restoration. After 27 years of restoration, the GME was 2.9 times than that in the soybean field, but the largest GME in the restored sites was 31.15% lower than that in the natural marsh. MBC and MBN contents, soil enzyme activities, and GME had significant relationships with soil C:N ratio, organic carbon, nutrients (total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus), bulk density, moisture content, pH, plant properties, (i.e. biomass, height, and coverage) (p < 0.01). Redundancy analysis revealed that soil C:N ratio, pH, moisture content, total nitrogen and phosphorus were main factors ...
Keywords	geometric mean of enzymatic activities ; plant properties ; restoration time ; soil C:N ratio ; sanjiang plain ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Variation of soil carbon and nitrogen storage in a natural restoration chronosequence of reclaimed temperate marshes

Chunguang Wang / Haixing Li / Tijiu Cai / Xiaoxin Sun

Global Ecology and Conservation, Vol 27, Iss , Pp e01589- (2021)

2021

Abstract: Wetland restoration significantly affects ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycles by changing soil physicochemical properties and plant properties. To reveal the effect of wetland restoration on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) storage, we ... ...

Abstract	Wetland restoration significantly affects ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycles by changing soil physicochemical properties and plant properties. To reveal the effect of wetland restoration on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) storage, we measured the SOC and TN content and calculated their storage in a restoration chronosequence (1, 4, 8, 13, 17, 27 years) and compared them with those in a soybean field and a natural marsh, all in Sanjiang Plain, northeast China. Our results showed that the SOC and TN content and storage in the investigated sites increased with restoration time. However, the restoration rate was faster in the first 8 years but slowed down after 8 years of restoration. The SOC and TN content and storage decreased with soil depths in the eight sites. After 27 years of restoration, the carbon and nitrogen storage in the restored site was 2.8 and 1.9 times that in the soybean field, respectively. However, the SOC and TN storage in the 27-year restored site was 45.3% and 35.1% lower than that in the natural marsh, respectively. The SOC and TN content, bulk density, moisture content, clay, and plant belowground biomass significantly impact the SOC and TN storage (P < 0.01). This study indicates that marsh restoration contributes to the accumulation of SOC and TN, but the restoration of SOC and TN storage to the level of natural marshes may take decades.
Keywords	Carbon storage ; Nitrogen storage ; Restoration time ; Soil organic carbon ; Total nitrogen ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Influence of Rainfall on Canopy Interception in Mixed Broad-Leaved—Korean Pine Forest in Xiaoxing’an Mountains, Northeastern China

Houcai Sheng / Tijiu Cai

Forests, Vol 10, Iss 3, p

2019 Volume 248

Abstract: The mixed forest of broad-leaved and Korean pine is the dominant type in the Xiaoxing’an and Changbai Mountains of China. However, few studies have been done on its canopy interception of rainfall. In this study, rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, and ... ...

Abstract	The mixed forest of broad-leaved and Korean pine is the dominant type in the Xiaoxing’an and Changbai Mountains of China. However, few studies have been done on its canopy interception of rainfall. In this study, rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, and canopy interception were monitored during the growing seasons in 2010 and 2011. The results showed that cumulative canopy interception of rainfall was 22.0% and 21.9% in 2010 and 2011, respectively. However, the canopy interception of rainfall varied with rainfall events from 6.6% to 82.7% in 2010, and from 8.7% to 80.2% in 2011. The relationship between rainfall amount and the ratio of canopy interception to rainfall amount could be described by a power function (P < 0.01), i.e., the canopy interception decreased with the increasing rainfall amount and intensity. These results indicate that the rainfall amount and intensity were important factors for estimating the canopy interception of the studied forest type.
Keywords	rainfall amount ; rainfall intensity ; throughfall ; stemflow ; ecohydrology ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Quantifying Impacts of Forest Recovery on Water Yield in Two Large Watersheds in the Cold Region of Northeast China

Liangliang Duan / Tijiu Cai

Forests, Vol 9, Iss 7, p

2018 Volume 392

Abstract: In northern China, large-scale reforestations were implemented to restore the ecosystem functions (e.g., hydrology function). However, few studies have been conducted to quantify the relative contributions of forest recovery to water yield in boreal ... ...

Abstract	In northern China, large-scale reforestations were implemented to restore the ecosystem functions (e.g., hydrology function). However, few studies have been conducted to quantify the relative contributions of forest recovery to water yield in boreal forest region across the globe. In this study, the impacts of forest recovery on the changes in mean annual water yield were assessed in two large forested watersheds in the boreal forest region of northeast China using three different approaches. As commonly considered, the results confirmed that forest recovery was the dominant driver of the reductions in annual water yield in the two watersheds in the past three decades (1987–2016), explaining 64.3% (15.4 mm) and 87.4% (40.7 mm) of variations in annual water yield for Upper Tahe watershed (UTH) and Xinancha watershed (XNC), respectively. By contrast, climate variability played minor role in annual water yield variation, explaining only 35.7% (8.5 mm) and 12.6% (7.2 mm) for UTH and XNC, respectively. The response differences between the two watersheds may mainly be attributed to differences in forest type, topography and climate regimes. This study provided important insight into sustainable forest and water resources management in the region.
Keywords	reforestation ; annual water yield ; forest hydrology ; boreal forest ; relative contribution ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Short-Term Litter Manipulations have Strong Impact on Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in Larix gmelinii Forest of Northeast China

Ruihan Xiao / Xiuling Man / Beixing Duan / Tijiu Cai

Forests, Vol 11, Iss 1205, p

2020 Volume 1205

Abstract: Changes in above-ground litterfall can influence below-ground biogeochemical processes in forests, which substantially impacts soil nitrogen (N) and nutrient cycling. However, how these soil processes respond to the litter manipulation is complex and ... ...

Abstract	Changes in above-ground litterfall can influence below-ground biogeochemical processes in forests, which substantially impacts soil nitrogen (N) and nutrient cycling. However, how these soil processes respond to the litter manipulation is complex and poorly understood, especially in the N-limiting boreal forest. We aimed to examine how soil N dynamics respond to litter manipulations in a boreal larch forest. A litter manipulation experiment including control, litter exclusion, and litter addition was performed in the Larix gmelinii forest on the north of the Daxing’an Mountains in China. Monthly soil inorganic N, microbial biomass and the rate of net N mineralization in both 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers, and N 2 O flux were analyzed from May 2018 to October 2018. In 0–20 cm soil layer the average soil inorganic N contents, microbial biomass N (MBN) contents, the rate of net N mineralization (Rmin), and the soil N 2 O emission in the litter addition plot were approximately 40.58%, 54.16%, 128.57%, and 38.52% greater, respectively than those in the control. While litter exclusion reduced those indexes about 29.04%, 19.84%, 80.98%, and 31.45%, respectively. Compared with the dynamics of the 10–20 cm soil layer, the N dynamics in 0–10 cm soil were more sensitive to litter manipulation. Rmin and N 2 O emissions were significantly correlated with MBN in most cases. Our results highlight the short-term effects of litter manipulations on soil N dynamics, which suggests that the influence of litter on soil N process should be considered in the future defoliation management of the boreal larch forest.
Keywords	litter input ; soil nitrogen availability ; soil nitrogen mineralization ; microbial biomass ; Soil N 2 O flux ; boreal forest ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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