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  1. Article: The effect of fast and slow decision-making on equity-efficiency tradeoffs and moral repugnance.

    Persson, Emil / Tinghög, Gustav

    Royal Society open science

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 9, Page(s) 230558

    Abstract: Fast-and-slow models of decision-making are commonly invoked to explain economic behaviour. However, past research has focused on human cooperation and generosity and thus largely overlooked situations where there are sharp conflicts between efficiency ... ...

    Abstract Fast-and-slow models of decision-making are commonly invoked to explain economic behaviour. However, past research has focused on human cooperation and generosity and thus largely overlooked situations where there are sharp conflicts between efficiency and equality, or between efficiency and more intuitive moral values (repugnance). Here, we contribute to fill this gap in the literature. We conducted a preregistered experiment (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2787755-3
    ISSN 2054-5703
    ISSN 2054-5703
    DOI 10.1098/rsos.230558
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Bounded research ethicality: researchers rate themselves and their field as better than others at following good research practice.

    Lindkvist, Amanda M / Koppel, Lina / Tinghög, Gustav

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 3050

    Abstract: Bounded ethicality refers to people's limited capacity to consistently behave in line with their ethical standards. Here, we present results from a pre-registered, large-scale (N = 11,050) survey of researchers in Sweden, suggesting that researchers too ... ...

    Abstract Bounded ethicality refers to people's limited capacity to consistently behave in line with their ethical standards. Here, we present results from a pre-registered, large-scale (N = 11,050) survey of researchers in Sweden, suggesting that researchers too are boundedly ethical. Specifically, researchers on average rated themselves as better than other researchers in their field at following good research practice, and rated researchers in their own field as better than researchers in other fields at following good research practice. These effects were stable across all academic fields, but strongest among researchers in the medical sciences. Taken together, our findings illustrate inflated self-righteous beliefs among researchers and research disciplines when it comes to research ethics, which may contribute to academic polarization and moral blindspots regarding one's own and one's colleagues' use of questionable research practices.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Morals ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sweden
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-53450-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Intertemporal prosocial behavior: a review and research agenda.

    Persson, Emil / Tinghög, Gustav / Västfjäll, Daniel

    Frontiers in psychology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1359447

    Abstract: Research on intertemporal and prosocial decisions has largely developed in separate strands of literature. However, many of the decisions we make occur at the intersection of these two dimensions (intertemporal and prosocial). Trust is an example, where ... ...

    Abstract Research on intertemporal and prosocial decisions has largely developed in separate strands of literature. However, many of the decisions we make occur at the intersection of these two dimensions (intertemporal and prosocial). Trust is an example, where a decision today is made with the expectation that another person will reciprocate (or betray) later. A new literature is emerging to explore the role of time in these types of situations, where time and social considerations are intertwined. In many cases, time introduces (or magnifies) an element of uncertainty about future outcomes and utility that people need to deal with - what will happen, how good will it be, how will it feel. We review this emerging literature on intertemporal prosocial decision-making and discuss how new research can fill existing knowledge gaps.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2563826-9
    ISSN 1664-1078
    ISSN 1664-1078
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1359447
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  4. Article ; Online: Public Attitudes Toward Priority Setting Principles in Health Care During COVID-19.

    Tinghög, Gustav / Strand, Liam

    Frontiers in health services

    2022  Volume 2, Page(s) 886508

    Abstract: What role should cost-effectiveness play in health care priority setting? We assess the level of acceptance toward different priority setting principles in health care during COVID-19 and in general, thereby exploring public support for principles ... ...

    Abstract What role should cost-effectiveness play in health care priority setting? We assess the level of acceptance toward different priority setting principles in health care during COVID-19 and in general, thereby exploring public support for principles presented at different levels of abstraction. An online survey was distributed to a diverse sample of the Swedish population (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2813-0146
    ISSN (online) 2813-0146
    DOI 10.3389/frhs.2022.886508
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Medical Decision Style and COVID-19 Behavior.

    Tinghög, Gustav / Strand, Liam

    Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making

    2022  Volume 42, Issue 6, Page(s) 776–782

    Abstract: Given the flood of health-related information stirred up by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is important to understand the factors that influence people to engage in protective public health measures so that medical communication can ...

    Abstract Given the flood of health-related information stirred up by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is important to understand the factors that influence people to engage in protective public health measures so that medical communication can be tailored to be effective. Following the idea that people have a general inclination toward health care utilization, which is either more passive (i.e., medical minimizer) or more aggressive (i.e., medical maximizer), we assess if this inclination extends to being more or less willing to engage in protective public health behavior. We investigate the effect of individual differences in medical minimizing and medical maximizing orientation on COVID-19-related protective behaviors and attitudes. We used the validated Medical Maximizer-Minimizer Scale (MMS) and surveyed a diverse opt-in sample of the Swedish population (
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Public Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604497-9
    ISSN 1552-681X ; 0272-989X
    ISSN (online) 1552-681X
    ISSN 0272-989X
    DOI 10.1177/0272989X221079354
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1665: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  6. Article ; Online: Dual-process theory is Barbapapa.

    Tinghög, Gustav / Koppel, Lina / Västfjäll, Daniel

    The Behavioral and brain sciences

    2023  Volume 46, Page(s) e144

    Abstract: The biggest benefit of dual-process theory lies in its role as a benchmark theory that, regardless of its empirical plausibility, serves as a starting point for better and more domain-specific models. In this sense, dual-process theory is the Barbapapa ... ...

    Abstract The biggest benefit of dual-process theory lies in its role as a benchmark theory that, regardless of its empirical plausibility, serves as a starting point for better and more domain-specific models. In this sense, dual-process theory is the Barbapapa of psychological theory - a blob-shaped creature that can be reshaped and adapted to fit in the context of any human behavior.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Psychological Theory
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 423721-3
    ISSN 1469-1825 ; 0140-525X
    ISSN (online) 1469-1825
    ISSN 0140-525X
    DOI 10.1017/S0140525X22003211
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1470: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Article ; Online: COVID-19 and Politically Motivated Reasoning.

    Maguire, Allegra / Persson, Emil / Västfjäll, Daniel / Tinghög, Gustav

    Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making

    2022  Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 1078–1086

    Abstract: Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the world witnessed a partisan segregation of beliefs toward the global health crisis and its management. Politically motivated reasoning, the tendency to interpret information in accordance with individual ... ...

    Abstract Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the world witnessed a partisan segregation of beliefs toward the global health crisis and its management. Politically motivated reasoning, the tendency to interpret information in accordance with individual motives to protect valued beliefs rather than objectively considering the facts, could represent a key process involved in the polarization of attitudes. The objective of this study was to explore politically motivated reasoning when participants assess information regarding COVID-19.
    Design: We carried out a preregistered online experiment using a diverse sample (
    Results: At odds with our prestated hypothesis, we found no evidence in line with politically motivated reasoning when interpreting numerical information about COVID-19. Moreover, we found no evidence supporting the idea that numeric ability or cognitive sophistication bolster politically motivated reasoning in the case of COVID-19. Instead, our findings suggest that participants base their assessment on prior beliefs of the matter.
    Conclusions: Our findings suggest that politically polarized attitudes toward COVID-19 are more likely to be driven by lack of reasoning than politically motivated reasoning-a finding that opens potential avenues for combating political polarization about important health care topics.
    Highlights: Participants assessed numerical information regarding the effect of different COVID-19 policies.We found no evidence in line with politically motivated reasoning when interpreting numerical information about COVID-19.Participants tend to base their assessment of COVID-19-related facts on prior beliefs of the matter.Politically polarized attitudes toward COVID-19 are more a result of lack of thinking than partisanship.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; COVID-19 ; Pandemics ; Politics ; Hydroxychloroquine ; Communicable Disease Control
    Chemical Substances Hydroxychloroquine (4QWG6N8QKH)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604497-9
    ISSN 1552-681X ; 0272-989X
    ISSN (online) 1552-681X
    ISSN 0272-989X
    DOI 10.1177/0272989X221118078
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1665: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  8. Article ; Online: The effect of herd immunity thresholds on willingness to vaccinate.

    Andersson, Per A / Tinghög, Gustav / Västfjäll, Daniel

    Humanities & social sciences communications

    2022  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 243

    Abstract: Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, media and policymakers openly speculated about the number of immune citizens needed to reach a herd immunity threshold. What are the effects of such numerical goals on the willingness to vaccinate? In a large ... ...

    Abstract Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, media and policymakers openly speculated about the number of immune citizens needed to reach a herd immunity threshold. What are the effects of such numerical goals on the willingness to vaccinate? In a large representative sample (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2662-9992
    ISSN (online) 2662-9992
    DOI 10.1057/s41599-022-01257-7
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  9. Article ; Online: Voting and (im)moral behavior.

    Hansson, Kajsa / Persson, Emil / Tinghög, Gustav

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 22643

    Abstract: Due to diffusion of responsibility, majority voting may induce immoral and selfish behavior because voters are rarely solely responsible for the outcome. Across three behavioral experiments (two preregistered; n = 1983), we test this hypothesis in ... ...

    Abstract Due to diffusion of responsibility, majority voting may induce immoral and selfish behavior because voters are rarely solely responsible for the outcome. Across three behavioral experiments (two preregistered; n = 1983), we test this hypothesis in situations where there is a conflict between morality and material self-interest. Participants were randomly assigned to make decisions about extracting money from a charity either in an experimental referendum or individually. We find no evidence that voting induces immoral behavior. Neither do we find that people self-servingly distort their beliefs about their responsibility for the outcome when they vote. If anything, the results suggest that voting makes people less immoral.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Morals ; Social Behavior ; Politics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-24360-w
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  10. Article: Motivated Down-Regulation of Emotion and Compassion Collapse Revisited.

    Hagman, William / Tinghög, Gustav / Dickert, Stephan / Slovic, Paul / Västfjäll, Daniel

    Frontiers in psychology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 801150

    Abstract: Compassion collapse is a phenomenon where feelings and helping behavior decrease as the number of needy increases. But what are the underlying mechanisms for compassion collapse? Previous research has attempted to pit two explanations: Limitations of the ...

    Abstract Compassion collapse is a phenomenon where feelings and helping behavior decrease as the number of needy increases. But what are the underlying mechanisms for compassion collapse? Previous research has attempted to pit two explanations: Limitations of the feeling system vs. motivated down-regulation of emotion, against each other. In this article, we critically reexamine a previous study comparing these two accounts published in 2011 and present new data that contest motivated down-regulation of emotion as the primary explanation for compassion collapse.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2563826-9
    ISSN 1664-1078
    ISSN 1664-1078
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.801150
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