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  1. Book ; Online: Emerging States at Crossroads

    Tsunekawa, Keiichi / Todo, Yasuyuki

    (Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies)

    2019  

    Author's details edited by Keiichi Tsunekawa, Yasuyuki Todo
    Series title Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies
    Keywords Economic policy ; Asia-Economic conditions ; Democracy ; Economic development ; Social change
    Subject code 338.9
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (XIII, 293 p. 45 illus., 5 illus. in color)
    Publisher Springer Singapore ; Imprint: Springer
    Publishing place Singapore
    Document type Book ; Online
    HBZ-ID HT019895393
    ISBN 978-981-13-2859-6 ; 9789811328589 ; 9789811328602 ; 981-13-2859-5 ; 9811328587 ; 9811328609
    DOI 10.1007/978-981-13-2859-6
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Book ; Online: Emerging States at Crossroads

    Tsunekawa, Keiichi / Todo, Yasuyuki

    2019  

    Keywords Development studies ; Political structures: democracy ; Economics ; Political economy ; Research & development management ; Management science ; Economic policy ; Asia-Economic conditions ; Democracy ; Economic development ; Social change
    Size 1 electronic resource (293 pages)
    Publisher Springer Nature
    Publishing place Singapore
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT021028373
    ISBN 978-981-13-2859-6 ; 981-13-2859-5
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Article ; Online: Disruption of international trade and its propagation through firm-level domestic supply chains: A case of Japan.

    Inoue, Hiroyasu / Todo, Yasuyuki

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 11, Page(s) e0294574

    Abstract: This study simulates how the disruption of imports from various regions affects the total production of the importer economy. We particularly incorporate the propagation of the economic effect through domestic supply chains using data on more than one ... ...

    Abstract This study simulates how the disruption of imports from various regions affects the total production of the importer economy. We particularly incorporate the propagation of the economic effect through domestic supply chains using data on more than one million firms and four million supply chain ties in Japan. Our findings are summarized as follows. First, the negative effect of the disruption of intermediate imports grows exponentially as its duration and strength increase due to downstream propagation. Second, the propagation of the economic effect is substantially affected by the network topology of importers, such as the number of importers (affected nodes) and their degree of upstreamness in supply chains, whereas the effect of their degree centrality is heterogeneous depending on their degree of upstreamness. Finally, the negative effect of import disruption can be mitigated by the reorganization of domestic supply chains, even when conducted only among network neighbors. Our findings provide important policy and managerial implications for the achievement of more robust and resilient global supply chains.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Commerce ; Internationality ; Japan
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0294574
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Has Covid-19 permanently changed online purchasing behavior?

    Inoue, Hiroyasu / Todo, Yasuyuki

    EPJ data science

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 1

    Abstract: This study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected online purchasing behavior using data from a major online shopping platform in Japan. We focus on the effect of two measures of the pandemic, i.e., the number of positive COVID-19 cases and state ...

    Abstract This study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected online purchasing behavior using data from a major online shopping platform in Japan. We focus on the effect of two measures of the pandemic, i.e., the number of positive COVID-19 cases and state declarations of emergency to mitigate the pandemic. We find that both measures promoted online purchases at the beginning of the pandemic, but in later periods, their effect faded. In addition, online purchases returned to normal after states of emergency ended, and the overall time trend in online purchases excluding the effects of the two measures was stable during the first two years of the pandemic. These results suggest that the effect of the pandemic on online purchasing behavior is temporary and will not persist after the pandemic.
    Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1140/epjds/s13688-022-00375-1.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-16
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2705691-0
    ISSN 2193-1127
    ISSN 2193-1127
    DOI 10.1140/epjds/s13688-022-00375-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Simulation of supply chain disruptions considering establishments and power outages.

    Inoue, Hiroyasu / Okumura, Yoshihiro / Torayashiki, Tetsuya / Todo, Yasuyuki

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 7, Page(s) e0288062

    Abstract: In this paper, we simulate the economic loss resulting from supply chain disruptions triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) in 2011, applying data from firm-level supply chains and establishment-level attributes to an agent-based model. To ... ...

    Abstract In this paper, we simulate the economic loss resulting from supply chain disruptions triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) in 2011, applying data from firm-level supply chains and establishment-level attributes to an agent-based model. To enhance the accuracy of the simulation, we extend data and models in previous studies in four ways. First, we identify the damage to production facilities in the disaster-hit regions more accurately by using establishment-level census and survey data and geographic information system (GIS) data on the damages caused by the GEJE and subsequent tsunami. Second, the use of establishment-level data enables us to capture supply chains between non-headquarter establishments in disaster-hit regions and establishments in other regions. Third, we incorporate the effect of power outages after the GEJE on production reduction, which exacerbated the effect of the supply chain disruption, particularly in the weeks immediately after the GEJE. Finally, our model incorporates sectoral heterogeneity by employing sector-specific parameters. Our findings indicate that the extended method can significantly improve the accuracy of predicting the domestic production after the GEJE, particularly due to the first three improvements utilizing various data sources, not because of the use of more sector-specific parameters. Our method can be applied to predict the economic effect of future disasters, such as the Nankai Trough earthquake, on each region more precisely.
    MeSH term(s) Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Tsunamis ; Computer Simulation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Japan
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0288062
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The propagation of economic impacts through supply chains: The case of a mega-city lockdown to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

    Inoue, Hiroyasu / Todo, Yasuyuki

    PloS one

    2020  Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e0239251

    Abstract: This study quantifies the economic effect of a possible lockdown of Tokyo to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The negative effect of such a lockdown may propagate to other regions through supply chains because of supply and demand shortages. Applying an ... ...

    Abstract This study quantifies the economic effect of a possible lockdown of Tokyo to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The negative effect of such a lockdown may propagate to other regions through supply chains because of supply and demand shortages. Applying an agent-based model to the actual supply chains of nearly 1.6 million firms in Japan, we simulate what would happen to production activities outside Tokyo if production activities that are not essential to citizens' survival in Tokyo were shut down for a certain period. We find that if Tokyo were locked down for a month, the indirect effect on other regions would be twice as large as the direct effect on Tokyo, leading to a total production loss of 27 trillion yen in Japan or 5.2% of the country's annual GDP. Although the production that would be shut down in Tokyo accounts for 21% of the total production in Japan, the lockdown would result in an 86% reduction of the daily production in Japan after one month.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Economic Recession ; Humans ; Japan ; Models, Theoretical ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/pathology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tokyo
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0239251
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Book ; Online: The effects of privatization on exports and jobsCan the privatization of state-owned enterprises generate a virtuous cycle between exports and employment?

    Todo, Yasuyuki

    (IZA world of labor ; 309, November 2016)

    2016  

    Abstract: The privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOE) in transition economies has often been found to improve employment and productivity of privatized SOEs, despite policymakers’ fears regarding possible job cuts. This positive effect can be enhanced if ... ...

    Author's details Yasuyuki Todo (Waseda University, Japan)
    Series title IZA world of labor ; 309, November 2016
    Abstract The privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOE) in transition economies has often been found to improve employment and productivity of privatized SOEs, despite policymakers’ fears regarding possible job cuts. This positive effect can be enhanced if privatization also promotes firms’ exports. A recent firm-level analysis of China reveals that privatization has indeed a positive effect on export propensity, employment, and productivity in both the short and long term. The effect mostly stems from changes in firms’ attitudes about profits and risks due to competitive pressure.
    Keywords privatization ; exports ; employment ; state-owned enterprises ; transition economies
    Language Undetermined
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (circa 10 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Document type Book ; Online
    DOI 10.15185/izawol.309
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  8. Article ; Online: Do economic effects of the anti-COVID-19 lockdowns in different regions interact through supply chains?

    Inoue, Hiroyasu / Murase, Yohsuke / Todo, Yasuyuki

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 7, Page(s) e0255031

    Abstract: To prevent the spread of COVID-19, many cities, states, and countries have 'locked down', restricting economic activities in non-essential sectors. Such lockdowns have substantially shrunk production in most countries. This study examines how the ... ...

    Abstract To prevent the spread of COVID-19, many cities, states, and countries have 'locked down', restricting economic activities in non-essential sectors. Such lockdowns have substantially shrunk production in most countries. This study examines how the economic effects of lockdowns in different regions interact through supply chains, which are a network of firms for production, by simulating an agent-based model of production using supply-chain data for 1.6 million firms in Japan. We further investigate how the complex network structure affects the interactions between lockdown regions, emphasising the role of upstreamness and loops by decomposing supply-chain flows into potential and circular flow components. We find that a region's upstreamness, intensity of loops, and supplier substitutability in supply chains with other regions largely determine the economic effect of the lockdown in the region. In particular, when a region lifts its lockdown, its economic recovery substantially varies depending on whether it lifts the lockdown alone or together with another region closely linked through supply chains. These results indicate that the economic effect produced by exogenous shocks in a region can affect other regions and therefore this study proposes the need for inter-region policy coordination to reduce economic loss due to lockdowns.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/economics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Industry/economics ; Japan/epidemiology ; Quarantine/economics ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0255031
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Propagation of negative shocks across nation-wide firm networks.

    Inoue, Hiroyasu / Todo, Yasuyuki

    PloS one

    2019  Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) e0213648

    Abstract: This study examines how negative shocks due to, for example, natural disasters propagate through supply chains. We apply a simulation technique to actual supply chain data covering most Japanese firms. To investigate the property of the propagation in ... ...

    Abstract This study examines how negative shocks due to, for example, natural disasters propagate through supply chains. We apply a simulation technique to actual supply chain data covering most Japanese firms. To investigate the property of the propagation in the network, we test different types of artificial negative shocks. We find that, first, network structures severely affect the speed of propagation in the short run, and the total loss in the long run. The scale-free nature of the actual supply-chain network-that is, the power-law degree distribution-leads to faster propagation. Second, more intensive damages-that is, more damages suffered by fewer firms-result in faster propagation than extensive damages of the same total size. Third, the actual supply-chain network has innate robustness that comes from substitutability of supplies. If the supply-chain network has severe substitutability, the propagation of negative shocks becomes substantially large. Fourth, direct damages in urban regions promote faster propagation than those in rural regions. Fifth, different sectoral damages show significant differences in the speed of propagation. Finally, we check the indirect damage triggered by a single firm's loss: 9.7% of all firms contribute to significant loss, and this loss accounts for more than 10% of the damage to the entire production. The simulations conspicuously show that different direct damages, even if they have the same total magnitude of damages, can generate considerably different damages because of the structure of the supply-chain network.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Bankruptcy ; Benchmarking ; Commerce ; Computer Simulation ; Economics ; Geography ; Japan ; Models, Economic ; Models, Theoretical ; Natural Disasters ; Poisson Distribution ; Rural Population ; Urban Population
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0213648
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Robustness and resilience of supply chains during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Todo, Yasuyuki / Oikawa, Keita / Ambashi, Masahito / Kimura, Fukunari / Urata, Shujiro

    The World economy

    2022  

    Abstract: Using a unique firm-level data set from Asia, this study examines what determined the robustness and resilience of supply chain links, that is, the ability of maintaining links and recovering disrupted links by substitution, respectively, when firms ... ...

    Abstract Using a unique firm-level data set from Asia, this study examines what determined the robustness and resilience of supply chain links, that is, the ability of maintaining links and recovering disrupted links by substitution, respectively, when firms faced economic shocks due to the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We find that a supply chain link was likely to be robust if the link was between a foreign-owned firm and a firm located in the foreign-owned firm's home country, implying that homophily on a certain dimension generates strong ties and thus supply chain robustness. We also find that firms with geographic diversity of customers and suppliers tended to increase their transaction volume with one partner while decreasing the volume with others. This evidence shows that firms with diversified customers and suppliers are resilient, mitigating the damage from supply chain disruption through the substitution of partners. Furthermore, the robustness and resilience of supply chains are found to have led to higher performance.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1473825-9
    ISSN 1467-9701 ; 0378-5920
    ISSN (online) 1467-9701
    ISSN 0378-5920
    DOI 10.1111/twec.13372
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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