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Article ; Online: Dynamics of Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids during a Cycling Grand Tour Are Related to Exercise Performance and Modulated by Dietary Intake.

Fernandez-Sanjurjo, Manuel / Fernandez, Javier / Martinez-Camblor, Pablo / Rodriguez-Alonso, Manuel / Ortolano-Rios, Raquel / Pinto-Hernandez, Paola / Castilla-Silgado, Juan / Coto-Vilcapoma, Almudena / Ruiz, Lorena / Villar, Claudio J / Tomas-Zapico, Cristina / Margolles, Abelardo / Fernandez-Garcia, Benjamin / Iglesias-Gutierrez, Eduardo / Lombó, Felipe

Nutrients

2024 Volume 16, Issue 5

Abstract: Background: Regular exercise has been described to modify both the diversity and the relative abundance of certain bacterial taxa. To our knowledge, the effect of a cycling stage race, which entails extreme physiological and metabolic demands, on the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Regular exercise has been described to modify both the diversity and the relative abundance of certain bacterial taxa. To our knowledge, the effect of a cycling stage race, which entails extreme physiological and metabolic demands, on the gut microbiota composition and its metabolic activity has not been analysed. Objective: The aim of this cohort study was to analyse the dynamics of faecal microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content of professional cyclists over a Grand Tour and their relationship with performance and dietary intake. Methods: 16 professional cyclists competing in La Vuelta 2019 were recruited. Faecal samples were collected at four time points: the day before the first stage (A); after 9 stages (B); after 15 stages (C); and on the last stage (D). Faecal microbiota populations and SCFA content were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography, respectively. A principal component analysis (PCA) followed by Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE) models were carried out to explore the dynamics of microbiota and SCFAs and their relationship with performance. Results: Bifidobacteriaceae Conclusions: An ecological perspective represents more realistically the relationship between gut microbiota composition and performance compared to single-taxon approaches. The composition and periodisation of diet and supplementation during a Grand Tour, particularly carbohydrates, could be designed to modulate gut microbiota composition to allow better performance.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Feces/microbiology ; Eating ; Exercise ; Carbohydrates/analysis
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Carbohydrates
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu16050661
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Modulation of microRNAs through Lifestyle Changes in Alzheimer's Disease.

Pinto-Hernandez, Paola / Castilla-Silgado, Juan / Coto-Vilcapoma, Almudena / Fernández-Sanjurjo, Manuel / Fernández-García, Benjamín / Tomás-Zapico, Cristina / Iglesias-Gutiérrez, Eduardo

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 17

Abstract: Lifestyle factors, including diet and physical activity (PA), are known beneficial strategies to prevent and delay Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. Recently, microRNAs have emerged as potential biomarkers in multiple diseases, including AD. The aim ... ...

Abstract	Lifestyle factors, including diet and physical activity (PA), are known beneficial strategies to prevent and delay Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. Recently, microRNAs have emerged as potential biomarkers in multiple diseases, including AD. The aim of this review was to analyze the available information on the modulatory effect of lifestyle on microRNA expression in AD. Few studies have addressed this question, leaving important gaps and limitations: (1) in human studies, only circulating microRNAs were analyzed; (2) in mice studies, microRNA expression was only analyzed in brain tissue; (3) a limited number of microRNAs was analyzed; (4) no human nutritional intervention studies were conducted; and (5) PA interventions in humans and mice were poorly detailed and only included aerobic training. Despite this, some conclusions could be drawn. Circulating levels of let-7g-5p, miR-107, and miR-144-3p were associated with overall diet quality in mild cognitive impairment patients. In silico analysis showed that these microRNAs are implicated in synapse formation, microglia activation, amyloid beta accumulation, and pro-inflammatory pathways, the latter also being targeted by miR-129-5p and miR-192-5p, whose circulating levels are modified by PA in AD patients. PA also modifies miR-132, miR-15b-5p, miR-148b-3p, and miR-130a-5p expression in mice brains, which targets are related to the regulation of neuronal activity, ageing, and pro-inflammatory pathways. This supports the need to further explore lifestyle-related miRNA changes in AD, both as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Life Style ; Circulating MicroRNA
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Circulating MicroRNA ; Mirn129 microRNA, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15173688
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Refining Stereotaxic Neurosurgery Techniques and Welfare Assessment for Long-Term Intracerebroventricular Device Implantation in Rodents.

Pérez-Martín, Ester / Coto-Vilcapoma, Almudena / Castilla-Silgado, Juan / Rodríguez-Cañón, María / Prado, Catuxa / Álvarez, Gabriel / Álvarez-Vega, Marco Antonio / Fernández-García, Benjamín / Menéndez-González, Manuel / Tomás-Zapico, Cristina

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2023 Volume 13, Issue 16

Abstract: Stereotaxic surgeries enable precise access to specific brain regions, being of particular interest for chronic intracerebroventricular drug delivery. However, the challenge of long-term studies at this level is to allow the implantation of drug storage ... ...

Abstract	Stereotaxic surgeries enable precise access to specific brain regions, being of particular interest for chronic intracerebroventricular drug delivery. However, the challenge of long-term studies at this level is to allow the implantation of drug storage devices and their correct intrathecal connection while guaranteeing animal welfare during the entire study period. In this study, we propose an optimized method for safe intrathecal device implantation, focusing on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative procedures, following the 3Rs principle and animal welfare regulations. Our optimized protocol introduces three main refinements. Firstly, we modify the dimensions of the implantable devices, notably diminishing the device-to-mouse weight ratio. Secondly, we use a combination of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive and UV light-curing resin, which decreases surgery time, improves healing, and notably minimizes cannula detachment or adverse effects. Thirdly, we develop a customized welfare assessment scoresheet to accurately monitor animal well-being during long-term implantations. Taken together, these refinements positively impacted animal welfare by minimizing the negative effects on body weight, surgery-related complications, and anxiety-like behaviors. Overall, the proposed refinements have the potential to reduce animal use, enhance experimental data quality, and improve reproducibility. Additionally, these improvements can be extended to other neurosurgical techniques, thereby advancing neuroscience research, and benefiting the scientific community.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13162627
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Article ; Online: Refining Stereotaxic Neurosurgery Techniques and Welfare Assessment for Long-Term Intracerebroventricular Device Implantation in Rodents

Animals. 2023 Aug. 14, v. 13, no. 16

2023

Abstract	Stereotaxic surgeries enable precise access to specific brain regions, being of particular interest for chronic intracerebroventricular drug delivery. However, the challenge of long-term studies at this level is to allow the implantation of drug storage devices and their correct intrathecal connection while guaranteeing animal welfare during the entire study period. In this study, we propose an optimized method for safe intrathecal device implantation, focusing on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative procedures, following the 3Rs principle and animal welfare regulations. Our optimized protocol introduces three main refinements. Firstly, we modify the dimensions of the implantable devices, notably diminishing the device-to-mouse weight ratio. Secondly, we use a combination of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive and UV light-curing resin, which decreases surgery time, improves healing, and notably minimizes cannula detachment or adverse effects. Thirdly, we develop a customized welfare assessment scoresheet to accurately monitor animal well-being during long-term implantations. Taken together, these refinements positively impacted animal welfare by minimizing the negative effects on body weight, surgery-related complications, and anxiety-like behaviors. Overall, the proposed refinements have the potential to reduce animal use, enhance experimental data quality, and improve reproducibility. Additionally, these improvements can be extended to other neurosurgical techniques, thereby advancing neuroscience research, and benefiting the scientific community.
Keywords	animal use reduction ; animal well-being ; body weight ; brain ; data quality ; drugs ; neurophysiology ; surgery ; welfare assessment
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0814
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13162627
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: New, Fully Implantable Device for Selective Clearance of CSF-Target Molecules: Proof of Concept in a Murine Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Coto-Vilcapoma, María Almudena / Castilla-Silgado, Juan / Fernández-García, Benjamín / Pinto-Hernández, Paola / Cipriani, Raffaela / Capetillo-Zarate, Estibaliz / Menéndez-González, Manuel / Álvarez-Vega, Marco / Tomás-Zapico, Cristina

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 16

Abstract: We have previously proposed a radical change in the current strategy to clear pathogenic proteins from the central nervous system (CNS) based on ... ...

Abstract	We have previously proposed a radical change in the current strategy to clear pathogenic proteins from the central nervous system (CNS) based on the
MeSH term(s)	Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Plaque, Amyloid/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms23169256
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Is physical performance (in mice) increased by Veillonella atypica or decreased by Lactobacillus bulgaricus?

Fernández-Sanjurjo, Manuel / Fernández, Javier / Tomás-Zapico, Cristina / Fernández-García, Benjamín / Villar, Claudio J / Lombó, Felipe / Iglesias-Gutiérrez, Eduardo

Journal of sport and health science

2020 Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 197–200

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Feces/microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Lactobacillus delbrueckii/physiology ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology ; Physical Functional Performance ; Veillonella/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-20
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2673028-5
ISSN	2213-2961 ; 2095-2546
ISSN (online)	2213-2961
ISSN	2095-2546
DOI	10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.005
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Article: Clearing Extracellular Alpha-Synuclein from Cerebrospinal Fluid: A New Therapeutic Strategy in Parkinson's Disease.

Menéndez-González, Manuel / Padilla-Zambrano, Huber S / Tomás-Zapico, Cristina / García, Benjamin Fernández

Brain sciences

2018 Volume 8, Issue 4

Abstract: This concept article aims to show the rationale of targeting extracellular α-Synuclein (α-Syn) from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a new strategy to remove this protein from the brain in Parkinson's disease (PD). Misfolding and intracellular aggregation of ...

Abstract	This concept article aims to show the rationale of targeting extracellular α-Synuclein (α-Syn) from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a new strategy to remove this protein from the brain in Parkinson's disease (PD). Misfolding and intracellular aggregation of α-synuclein into Lewy bodies are thought to be crucial in the pathogenesis of PD. Recent research has shown that small amounts of monomeric and oligomeric α-synuclein are released from neuronal cells by exocytosis and that this extracellular alpha-synuclein contributes to neurodegeneration, progressive spreading of alpha-synuclein pathology, and neuroinflammation. In PD, extracellular oligomeric-α-synuclein moves in constant equilibrium between the interstitial fluid (ISF) and the CSF. Thus, we expect that continuous depletion of oligomeric-α-synuclein in the CSF will produce a steady clearance of the protein in the ISF, preventing transmission and deposition in the brain.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2651993-8
ISSN	2076-3425
ISSN	2076-3425
DOI	10.3390/brainsci8040052
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Article: Resistance and Endurance Exercise Training Induce Differential Changes in Gut Microbiota Composition in Murine Models.

Fernández, Javier / Fernández-Sanjurjo, Manuel / Iglesias-Gutiérrez, Eduardo / Martínez-Camblor, Pablo / Villar, Claudio J / Tomás-Zapico, Cristina / Fernández-García, Benjamin / Lombó, Felipe

Frontiers in physiology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 748854

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564217-0
ISSN	1664-042X
ISSN	1664-042X
DOI	10.3389/fphys.2021.748854
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Versatility of Protocols for Resistance Training and Assessment using Static and Dynamic Ladders in Animal Models.

Iglesias-Gutiérrez, Eduardo / Fernández-Sanjurjo, Manuel / Fernández, Álvaro F / Rodríguez Díaz, Francisco José / López-Taboada, Isabel / Tomás-Zapico, Cristina / Fernández-García, Benjamín

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

2021 , Issue 178

Abstract: Resistance training is a physical exercise model with profound benefits for health throughout life. The use of resistance exercise animal models is a way to gain insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms that orchestrate these adaptations. The aim ...

Abstract	Resistance training is a physical exercise model with profound benefits for health throughout life. The use of resistance exercise animal models is a way to gain insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms that orchestrate these adaptations. The aim of this article is to describe exercise models and training protocols designed for strength training and evaluation of resistance in animal models and provide examples. In this article, strength training and resistance evaluation are based on ladder climbing activity, using static and dynamic ladders. These devices allow a variety of training models as well as provide precise control of the main variables which determine resistance exercise: volume, load, velocity, and frequency. Furthermore, unlike resistance exercise in humans, this is a forced exercise. Thus, aversive stimuli must be avoided in this intervention to preserve animal welfare. Prior to implementation, a detailed design is necessary, along with an acclimatization and learning period. Acclimatization to training devices, such as ladders, weights, and clinical tape, as well as to the manipulations required, is necessary to avoid exercise rejection and to minimize stress. At the same time, the animals are taught to climb up the ladder, not down, to the resting area on the top of the ladder. Resistance evaluation can characterize physical strength and permit adjusting and quantifying the training load and the response to training. Furthermore, different types of strength can be evaluated. Regarding training programs, with appropriate design and device use, they can be sufficiently versatile to modulate different types of strength. Furthermore, they should be flexible enough to be modified depending on the adaptive and behavioral response of the animals or the presence of injuries. In conclusion, resistance training and assessment using ladders and weights are versatile methods in animal research.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Exercise ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Muscle Strength/physiology ; Resistance Training/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Video-Audio Media
ZDB-ID	2259946-0
ISSN	1940-087X ; 1940-087X
ISSN (online)	1940-087X
ISSN	1940-087X
DOI	10.3791/63098
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Huntingtin CAG repeats in neuropathologically confirmed tauopathies: Novel insights.

Pérez-Oliveira, Sergio / Castilla-Silgado, Juan / Painous, Cèlia / Aldecoa, Iban / Menéndez-González, Manuel / Blázquez-Estrada, Marta / Corte, Daniela / Tomás-Zapico, Cristina / Compta, Yaroslau / Muñoz, Esteban / Lladó, Albert / Balasa, Mircea / Aragonès, Gemma / García-González, Pablo / Rosende-Roca, Maitée / Boada, Mercè / Ruíz, Agustín / Pastor, Pau / De la Casa-Fages, Beatriz /

Rabano, Alberto / Sánchez-Valle, Raquel / Molina-Porcel, Laura / Álvarez, Victoria

Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

2024 , Page(s) e13250

Abstract: Previous studies have suggested a relationship between the number of CAG triplet repeats in the HTT gene and neurodegenerative diseases not related to Huntington's disease (HD). This study seeks to investigate whether the number of CAG repeats of HTT is ... ...

Abstract	Previous studies have suggested a relationship between the number of CAG triplet repeats in the HTT gene and neurodegenerative diseases not related to Huntington's disease (HD). This study seeks to investigate whether the number of CAG repeats of HTT is associated with the risk of developing certain tauopathies and its influence as a modulator of the clinical and neuropathological phenotype. Additionally, it aims to evaluate the potential of polyglutamine staining as a neuropathological screening. We genotyped the HTT gene CAG repeat number and APOE-ℰ isoforms in a cohort of patients with neuropathological diagnoses of tauopathies (n=588), including 34 corticobasal degeneration (CBD), 98 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and 456 Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, we genotyped a control group of 1070 patients, of whom 44 were neuropathologic controls. We identified significant differences in the number of patients with pathological HTT expansions in the CBD group (2.7%) and PSP group (3.2%) compared to control subjects (0.2%). A significant increase in the size of the HTT CAG repeats was found in the AD compared to the control group, influenced by the presence of the Apoliprotein E (APOE)-ℰ4 isoform. Post-mortem assessments uncovered tauopathy pathology with positive polyglutamine aggregates, with a slight predominance in the neostriatum for PSP and CBD cases and somewhat greater limbic involvement in the AD case. Our results indicated a link between HTT CAG repeat expansion with other non-HD pathology, suggesting they could share common neurodegenerative pathways. These findings support that genetic or histological screening for HTT repeat expansions should be considered in tauopathies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1051484-3
ISSN	1750-3639 ; 1015-6305
ISSN (online)	1750-3639
ISSN	1015-6305
DOI	10.1111/bpa.13250
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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