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  1. Article ; Online: Convergent genomics and Arctic adaptation of ruminants.

    Tong, Chao

    Proceedings. Biological sciences

    2024  Volume 291, Issue 2014, Page(s) 20232448

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Ruminants/genetics ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Evolution, Molecular ; Arctic Regions ; Genomics ; Circadian Rhythm ; Thermogenesis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 209242-6
    ISSN 1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    ISSN (online) 1471-2954
    ISSN 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    DOI 10.1098/rspb.2023.2448
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  2. Article: Adaptive Evolution of the Eda Gene and Scales Loss in Schizothoracine Fishes in Response to Uplift of the Tibetan Plateau

    Zhang, Cunfang / Tong, Chao / Ludwig, Arne / Peng, Zuogang

    International journal of molecular sciences, 19(10):2953

    2018  

    Abstract: Schizothoracine is the predominant wild fish subfamily of the Tibetan plateau (TP). Their scales, pharyngeal teeth and barbels have gradually regressed with increasing altitude. Schizothoracine have been divided into three groups: primitive, specialized ... ...

    Institution Leibniz-Institut für Zoo- und Wildtierforschung (Berlin)
    Abstract Schizothoracine is the predominant wild fish subfamily of the Tibetan plateau (TP). Their scales, pharyngeal teeth and barbels have gradually regressed with increasing altitude. Schizothoracine have been divided into three groups: primitive, specialized and highly specialized. Ectodysplasin-A (Eda) has been considered as a major gene that contributes to the development of skin appendages. The present study cloned the Eda genes of 51 Schizothoracine fish species which represent the three groups and five Barbinae species. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that Eda may have acted as the genetic trigger for scale loss in the Schizothoracine. Furthermore, 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and two deletions (18 bp and 6 bp in size), were also detected in the Eda coding sequence of the highly specialized group compared to the primitive group. The same SNPs and two indels result in four non-synonymous and two G-X-Y and 1 XY motif indels, which possibly contribute to significant structure changes in the Eda gene. The domain including (G-X-Y)n motif in the Eda gene is relatively conserved amongst teleosts. Based on the above results, we hypothesize that the evolution of Eda gene might be associated with the scale loss in Schizothoracine fishes in response to the phased uplift of the TP.
    Keywords Eda gene ; Schizothoracine ; Tibetan plateau ; adaptive evolution ; scale loss
    Language English
    Document type Article
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  3. Article ; Online: Fragmentation for selection: how the deleterious mtDNA is removed in the female germline.

    Tong, Chao

    Science bulletin

    2019  Volume 64, Issue 22, Page(s) 1646–1648

    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2816140-3
    ISSN 2095-9281 ; 2095-9273
    ISSN (online) 2095-9281
    ISSN 2095-9273
    DOI 10.1016/j.scib.2019.07.027
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  4. Article ; Online: Analyzing Starvation-Induced Autophagy in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Fat Body.

    Shi, Kexin / Tong, Chao

    Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

    2022  , Issue 186

    Abstract: Autophagy is a cellular self-digestion process. It delivers cargo to the lysosomes for degradation in response to various stresses, including starvation. The malfunction of autophagy is associated with aging and multiple human diseases. The autophagy ... ...

    Abstract Autophagy is a cellular self-digestion process. It delivers cargo to the lysosomes for degradation in response to various stresses, including starvation. The malfunction of autophagy is associated with aging and multiple human diseases. The autophagy machinery is highly conserved-from yeast to humans. The larval fat body of Drosophila melanogaster, an analog for vertebrate liver and adipose tissue, provides a unique model for monitoring autophagy in vivo. Autophagy can be easily induced by nutrient starvation in the larval fat body. Most autophagy-related genes are conserved in Drosophila. Many transgenic fly strains expressing tagged autophagy markers have been developed, which facilitates the monitoring of different steps in the autophagy process. The clonal analysis enables a close comparison of autophagy markers in cells with different genotypes in the same piece of tissue. The current protocol details procedures for (1) generating somatic clones in the larval fat body, (2) inducing autophagy via amino acid starvation, and (3) dissecting the larval fat body, aiming to create a model for analyzing differences in autophagy using an autophagosome marker (GFP-Atg8a) and clonal analysis.
    MeSH term(s) Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Autophagy/physiology ; Drosophila/metabolism ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Fat Body/metabolism ; Humans ; Larva/metabolism ; Starvation/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Drosophila Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2259946-0
    ISSN 1940-087X ; 1940-087X
    ISSN (online) 1940-087X
    ISSN 1940-087X
    DOI 10.3791/64282
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  5. Article ; Online: Advanced Biomaterials for Promoting Endometrial Regeneration.

    Yin, Zhe / Wang, Juan / Cui, Wenguo / Tong, Chao

    Advanced healthcare materials

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 16, Page(s) e2202490

    Abstract: The endometrium, as the innermost structure of the uterine cavity, plays a direct role in the implantation of the fertilized egg, its conception, and the formation of normal menstruation. In recent years, with the increasing rate of uterus-related ... ...

    Abstract The endometrium, as the innermost structure of the uterine cavity, plays a direct role in the implantation of the fertilized egg, its conception, and the formation of normal menstruation. In recent years, with the increasing rate of uterus-related surgeries, the damaged endometrium often fails to repair itself to its original state, resulting in a high incidence of menstrual disorders and reduced fertility in women in their reproductive years. Therefore, it is essential to repair the damaged endometrium to reduce menstrual disorders, pregnancy difficulties, and other adverse events. Biomaterials have become an important medical tool for tissue repair due to their excellent biocompatibility, shape plasticity, and functional versatility. Functional biomedical materials play an important role in endometrial repair through rational design, which is expected to fundamentally address the current shortcomings of endometrial repair to maximize repair, maintain female fertility, and solve the problem of medically induced endometrial destruction. This review describes the potential and several aspects of the design, function, and application of different biomedical materials capable of repairing endometrium. In brief, this review provides a comprehensive summary and outlook of biomaterials for endometrial repair.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology ; Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use ; Endometrium ; Uterus ; Menstruation ; Regeneration
    Chemical Substances Biocompatible Materials
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-24
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2649576-4
    ISSN 2192-2659 ; 2192-2640
    ISSN (online) 2192-2659
    ISSN 2192-2640
    DOI 10.1002/adhm.202202490
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    Zs.A 6966: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article: Autophagy in Drosophila and Zebrafish.

    Duan, Xiuying / Tong, Chao

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2021  Volume 1208, Page(s) 333–356

    Abstract: Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular process that delivers cellular contents to the lysosome for degradation. It not only serves as a bulk degradation system for various cytoplasmic components but also functions selectively to clear damaged ... ...

    Abstract Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular process that delivers cellular contents to the lysosome for degradation. It not only serves as a bulk degradation system for various cytoplasmic components but also functions selectively to clear damaged organelles, aggregated proteins, and invading pathogens (Feng et al., Cell Res 24:24-41, 2014; Galluzzi et al., EMBO J 36:1811-36, 2017; Klionsky et al., Autophagy 12:1-222, 2016). The malfunction of autophagy leads to multiple developmental defects and diseases (Mizushima et al., Nature 451:1069-75, 2008). Drosophila and zebrafish are higher metazoan model systems with sophisticated genetic tools readily available, which make it possible to dissect the autophagic processes and to understand the physiological functions of autophagy (Lorincz et al., Cells 6:22, 2017a; Mathai et al., Cells 6:21, 2017; Zhang and Baehrecke, Trends Cell Biol 25:376-87, 2015). In this chapter, we will discuss recent progress that has been made in the autophagic field by using these animal models. We will focus on the protein machineries required for autophagosome formation and maturation as well as the physiological roles of autophagy in both Drosophila and zebrafish.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Autophagy ; Cytosol ; Drosophila/genetics ; Lysosomes ; Zebrafish/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
    ISSN (online) 2214-8019
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-981-16-2830-6_15
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  7. Article ; Online: Overview of the development of protein arginine methyltransferase modulators: Achievements and future directions.

    Tong, Chao / Chang, Xiujin / Qu, Fangui / Bian, Jinlei / Wang, Jubo / Li, Zhiyu / Xu, Xi

    European journal of medicinal chemistry

    2024  Volume 267, Page(s) 116212

    Abstract: Protein methylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) that organisms undergo. This process is considered a part of epigenetics research. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in protein methylation, particularly histone ... ...

    Abstract Protein methylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) that organisms undergo. This process is considered a part of epigenetics research. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in protein methylation, particularly histone methylation, as research has advanced. Methylation of histones is a dynamic process that is subject to fine control by histone methyltransferases and demethylases. In addition, many non-histone proteins also undergo methylation, and these modifications collectively regulate physiological phenomena, including RNA transcription, translation, signal transduction, DNA damage response, and cell cycle. Protein arginine methylation is a crucial aspect of protein methylation, which plays a significant role in regulating the cell cycle and repairing DNA. It is also linked to various diseases. Therefore, protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) that are involved in this process have gained considerable attention as a potential therapeutic target for treating diseases. Several PRMT inhibitors are in phase I/II clinical trials. This paper aims to introduce the structure, biochemical functions, and bioactivity assays of PRMTs. Additionally, we will review the structure-function of currently popular PRMT inhibitors. Through the analysis of various data on known PRMT inhibitors, we hope to provide valuable assistance for future drug design and development.
    MeSH term(s) Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases ; Histones/metabolism ; Methylation ; Arginine/metabolism ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational
    Chemical Substances Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases (EC 2.1.1.319) ; Histones ; Arginine (94ZLA3W45F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-10
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 188597-2
    ISSN 1768-3254 ; 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    ISSN (online) 1768-3254
    ISSN 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116212
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    Zs.B 784: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Laplacian Projection Based Global Physical Prior Smoke Reconstruction.

    Xiao, Shibang / Tong, Chao / Zhang, Qifan / Cen, Yunchi / Li, Frederick W B / Liang, Xiaohui

    IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics

    2024  Volume PP

    Abstract: We present a novel framework for reconstructing fluid dynamics in real-life scenarios. Our approach leverages sparse view images and incorporates physical priors across long series of frames, resulting in reconstructed fluids with enhanced physical ... ...

    Abstract We present a novel framework for reconstructing fluid dynamics in real-life scenarios. Our approach leverages sparse view images and incorporates physical priors across long series of frames, resulting in reconstructed fluids with enhanced physical consistency. Unlike previous methods, we utilize a differentiable fluid simulator (DFS) and a differentiable renderer (DR) to exploit global physical priors, reducing reconstruction errors without the need for manual regularization coefficients. We introduce divergence-free Laplacian eigenfunctions (div-free LE) as velocity bases, improving computational efficiency and memory usage. By employing gradient-related strategies, we achieve better convergence and superior results. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, showcasing improved reconstruction quality and computational efficiency compared to existing approaches. We validate our approach using both synthetic and real data, highlighting its practical potential.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1941-0506
    ISSN (online) 1941-0506
    DOI 10.1109/TVCG.2024.3358636
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  9. Article: Antifatigue effects and antioxidant activity in polysaccharide fractions from Chinese

    Zhou, Hai-Xu / Zhang, Xiao / Huang, Ren-Gui / Su, Tong-Chao

    Food science & nutrition

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 1218–1229

    Abstract: Polysaccharides are the principal component in ... ...

    Abstract Polysaccharides are the principal component in Chinese
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703010-6
    ISSN 2048-7177
    ISSN 2048-7177
    DOI 10.1002/fsn3.3836
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  10. Article ; Online: CA-UNet Segmentation Makes a Good Ischemic Stroke Risk Prediction.

    Zhang, Yuqi / Yu, Mengbo / Tong, Chao / Zhao, Yanqing / Han, Jintao

    Interdisciplinary sciences, computational life sciences

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 58–72

    Abstract: Stroke is still the World's second major factor of death, as well as the third major factor of death and disability. Ischemic stroke is a type of stroke, in which early detection and treatment are the keys to preventing ischemic strokes. However, due to ... ...

    Abstract Stroke is still the World's second major factor of death, as well as the third major factor of death and disability. Ischemic stroke is a type of stroke, in which early detection and treatment are the keys to preventing ischemic strokes. However, due to the limitation of privacy protection and labeling difficulties, there are only a few studies on the intelligent automatic diagnosis of stroke or ischemic stroke, and the results are unsatisfactory. Therefore, we collect some data and propose a 3D carotid Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) image segmentation model called CA-UNet for fully automated extraction of carotid arteries. We explore the number of down-sampling times applicable to carotid segmentation and design a multi-scale loss function to resolve the loss of detailed features during the process of down-sampling. Moreover, based on CA-Unet, we propose an ischemic stroke risk prediction model to predict the risk in patients using their 3D CTA images, electronic medical records, and medical history. We have validated the efficacy of our segmentation model and prediction model through comparison tests. Our method can provide reliable diagnoses and results that benefit patients and medical professionals.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Ischemic Stroke ; Stroke/diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-26
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2493085-4
    ISSN 1867-1462 ; 1913-2751
    ISSN (online) 1867-1462
    ISSN 1913-2751
    DOI 10.1007/s12539-023-00583-x
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