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  1. Article ; Online: How to diSARM the executioner of axon degeneration.

    Tong, Liang

    Nature structural & molecular biology

    2020  Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–12

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Armadillo Domain Proteins/metabolism ; Axons/pathology ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; NAD/metabolism ; NAD+ Nucleosidase/metabolism ; Nerve Degeneration/pathology ; Protein Domains/physiology
    Chemical Substances Armadillo Domain Proteins ; Cytoskeletal Proteins ; SARM1 protein, human ; NAD (0U46U6E8UK) ; NAD+ Nucleosidase (EC 3.2.2.5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2126708-X
    ISSN 1545-9985 ; 1545-9993
    ISSN (online) 1545-9985
    ISSN 1545-9993
    DOI 10.1038/s41594-020-00545-7
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  2. Article ; Online: A Bayesian approach based on discounting factor for consistency assessment in multi-regional clinical trial.

    Tong, Liang / Li, Chen / Xia, Jielai / Wang, Ling

    Journal of biopharmaceutical statistics

    2024  , Page(s) 1–17

    Abstract: Multi-regional clinical trial (MRCT) has become an increasing trend for its supporting simultaneous global drug development. After MRCT, consistency assessment needs to be conducted to evaluate regional efficacy. The weighted Z-test approach is a common ... ...

    Abstract Multi-regional clinical trial (MRCT) has become an increasing trend for its supporting simultaneous global drug development. After MRCT, consistency assessment needs to be conducted to evaluate regional efficacy. The weighted Z-test approach is a common consistency assessment approach in which the weighting parameter
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1131763-2
    ISSN 1520-5711 ; 1054-3406
    ISSN (online) 1520-5711
    ISSN 1054-3406
    DOI 10.1080/10543406.2024.2328591
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  3. Article ; Online: Reinforcement-Learning-Based Vibration Control for a Vehicle Semi-Active Suspension System via the PPO Approach

    Shi-Yuan Han / Tong Liang

    Applied Sciences, Vol 12, Iss 3078, p

    2022  Volume 3078

    Abstract: The vehicle semi-active suspension system plays an important role in improving the driving safety and ride comfort by adjusting the coefficients of the damping and spring. The main contribution of this paper is the proposal of a PPO-based vibration ... ...

    Abstract The vehicle semi-active suspension system plays an important role in improving the driving safety and ride comfort by adjusting the coefficients of the damping and spring. The main contribution of this paper is the proposal of a PPO-based vibration control strategy for a vehicle semi-active suspension system, in which the designed reward function realizes the dynamic adjustment according to the road condition changes. More specifically, for the different suspension performances caused by different road conditions, the three performances of the suspension system, body acceleration, suspension deflection, and dynamic tire load, were taken as the state space of the PPO algorithm, and the reward value was set according to the numerical results of the passive suspension, so that the corresponding damping force was selected as the action space, and the weight matrix of the reward function was dynamically adjusted according to different road conditions, so that the agent could have a better improvement effect at different speeds and road conditions. In this paper, a quarter–car semi-active suspension model was analyzed and simulated, and numerical simulations were performed using stochastic road excitation for different classes of roads, vehicle models, and continuously changing road conditions. The simulation results showed that the body acceleration was reduced by 46.93% under the continuously changing road, which proved that the control strategy could effectively improve the performance of semi-active suspension by combining the dynamic changes of the road with the reward function.
    Keywords proximal policy optimization ; vehicle semi-active suspension ; road change ; reward function ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 629
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
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  4. Article ; Online: 2-Methylimidazole-modulated 2D Cu metal-organic framework for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural hydrodeoxygenation.

    Li, Zhuo-Fei / Li, Yan-Ting / Zhang, Qiang / Hu, Tong-Liang

    Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)

    2024  Volume 53, Issue 4, Page(s) 1698–1705

    Abstract: Preparation of the high value-added chemical 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-DMF) from the biomass-derived platform molecule 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is of great significance in the preparation of biofuels. Here, a bottom-up strategy was used to prepare a ... ...

    Abstract Preparation of the high value-added chemical 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-DMF) from the biomass-derived platform molecule 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is of great significance in the preparation of biofuels. Here, a bottom-up strategy was used to prepare a metal-organic framework (MOF) material with a two-dimensional nanosheet morphology, named CPM, in which an additive 2-methylimidazole was introduced into the hydrothermal process of Cu
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1472887-4
    ISSN 1477-9234 ; 1364-5447 ; 0300-9246 ; 1477-9226
    ISSN (online) 1477-9234 ; 1364-5447
    ISSN 0300-9246 ; 1477-9226
    DOI 10.1039/d3dt03870j
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  5. Article ; Online: A microporous bismuth-based MOF for efficient separation of acetylene from carbon dioxide.

    Xing, Bo / Yang, Shan-Qing / Zhang, Qiang / Hu, Tong-Liang

    Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)

    2024  Volume 53, Issue 16, Page(s) 6993–6999

    Abstract: The separation of acetylene from carbon dioxide is challenging due to their almost identical molecular sizes and volatilities. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in general are strong candidates for the separation of gas mixtures owing to the presence of ... ...

    Abstract The separation of acetylene from carbon dioxide is challenging due to their almost identical molecular sizes and volatilities. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in general are strong candidates for the separation of gas mixtures owing to the presence of functional pore surfaces that can selectively capture specific target molecules. Herein, we report a stable and easily synthesized bismuth-based MOF, Bi-BTC, which can achieve the separation of acetylene and carbon dioxide. We performed a detailed analysis of the sorption properties of the Bi-MOF. Bi-BTC shows good adsorption capacities for C
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1472887-4
    ISSN 1477-9234 ; 1364-5447 ; 0300-9246 ; 1477-9226
    ISSN (online) 1477-9234 ; 1364-5447
    ISSN 0300-9246 ; 1477-9226
    DOI 10.1039/d4dt00246f
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  6. Article ; Online: Integrator is a global promoter-proximal termination complex.

    Wagner, Eric J / Tong, Liang / Adelman, Karen

    Molecular cell

    2023  Volume 83, Issue 3, Page(s) 416–427

    Abstract: Integrator is a metazoan-specific protein complex capable of inducing termination at all RNAPII-transcribed loci. Integrator recognizes paused, promoter-proximal RNAPII and drives premature termination using dual enzymatic activities: an endonuclease ... ...

    Abstract Integrator is a metazoan-specific protein complex capable of inducing termination at all RNAPII-transcribed loci. Integrator recognizes paused, promoter-proximal RNAPII and drives premature termination using dual enzymatic activities: an endonuclease that cleaves nascent RNA and a protein phosphatase that removes stimulatory phosphorylation associated with RNAPII pause release and productive elongation. Recent breakthroughs in structural biology have revealed the overall architecture of Integrator and provided insights into how multiple Integrator modules are coordinated to elicit termination effectively. Furthermore, functional genomics and biochemical studies have unraveled how Integrator-mediated termination impacts protein-coding and noncoding loci. Here, we review the current knowledge about the assembly and activity of Integrator and describe the role of Integrator in gene regulation, highlighting the importance of this complex for human health.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/genetics ; Phosphorylation ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Proteins/genetics ; Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Phosphoprotein Phosphatases (EC 3.1.3.16) ; RNA Polymerase II (EC 2.7.7.-) ; Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1415236-8
    ISSN 1097-4164 ; 1097-2765
    ISSN (online) 1097-4164
    ISSN 1097-2765
    DOI 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.11.012
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  7. Article: Striking Diversity in Holoenzyme Architecture and Extensive Conformational Variability in Biotin-Dependent Carboxylases.

    Tong, Liang

    Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology

    2017  Volume 109, Page(s) 161–194

    Abstract: Biotin-dependent carboxylases are widely distributed in nature and have central roles in the metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, and other compounds. The last decade has seen the accumulation of structural information on most of these ... ...

    Abstract Biotin-dependent carboxylases are widely distributed in nature and have central roles in the metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, and other compounds. The last decade has seen the accumulation of structural information on most of these large holoenzymes, including the 500-kDa dimeric yeast acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the 750-kDa α
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bacteria/chemistry ; Bacteria/enzymology ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Biotin/metabolism ; Carbon-Carbon Ligases/chemistry ; Carbon-Carbon Ligases/metabolism ; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases/chemistry ; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases/metabolism ; Drug Discovery ; Fungi/chemistry ; Fungi/enzymology ; Fungi/metabolism ; Holoenzymes/chemistry ; Holoenzymes/metabolism ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Multimerization ; Pyruvate Carboxylase/chemistry ; Pyruvate Carboxylase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Holoenzymes ; Biotin (6SO6U10H04) ; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases (EC 6.3.-) ; biotin carboxylase (EC 6.3.4.14) ; Carbon-Carbon Ligases (EC 6.4.-) ; acyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.-) ; Pyruvate Carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.1) ; propionyl CoA carboxylase (ATP-hydrolyzing) (EC 6.4.1.3) ; methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.4) ; geranoyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1876-1623
    ISSN 1876-1623
    DOI 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2017.04.006
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  8. Article ; Online: Evolution of innate behavioral strategies through competitive population dynamics.

    Tong Liang / Braden A W Brinkman

    PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 18, Iss 3, p e

    2022  Volume 1009934

    Abstract: Many organism behaviors are innate or instinctual and have been "hard-coded" through evolution. Current approaches to understanding these behaviors model evolution as an optimization problem in which the traits of organisms are assumed to optimize an ... ...

    Abstract Many organism behaviors are innate or instinctual and have been "hard-coded" through evolution. Current approaches to understanding these behaviors model evolution as an optimization problem in which the traits of organisms are assumed to optimize an objective function representing evolutionary fitness. Here, we use a mechanistic birth-death dynamics approach to study the evolution of innate behavioral strategies in a simulated population of organisms. In particular, we performed agent-based stochastic simulations and mean-field analyses of organisms exploring random environments and competing with each other to find locations with plentiful resources. We find that when organism density is low, the mean-field model allows us to derive an effective objective function, predicting how the most competitive phenotypes depend on the exploration-exploitation trade-off between the scarcity of high-resource sites and the increase in birth rate those sites offer organisms. However, increasing organism density alters the most competitive behavioral strategies and precludes the derivation of a well-defined objective function. Moreover, there exists a range of densities for which the coexistence of many phenotypes persists for evolutionarily long times.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
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  9. Article ; Online: U7 deciphered: the mechanism that forms the unusual 3' end of metazoan replication-dependent histone mRNAs.

    Dominski, Zbigniew / Tong, Liang

    Biochemical Society transactions

    2021  Volume 49, Issue 5, Page(s) 2229–2240

    Abstract: In animal cells, replication-dependent histone mRNAs end with a highly conserved stem-loop structure followed by a 4- to 5-nucleotide single-stranded tail. This unique 3' end distinguishes replication-dependent histone mRNAs from all other eukaryotic ... ...

    Abstract In animal cells, replication-dependent histone mRNAs end with a highly conserved stem-loop structure followed by a 4- to 5-nucleotide single-stranded tail. This unique 3' end distinguishes replication-dependent histone mRNAs from all other eukaryotic mRNAs, which end with a poly(A) tail produced by the canonical 3'-end processing mechanism of cleavage and polyadenylation. The pioneering studies of Max Birnstiel's group demonstrated nearly 40 years ago that the unique 3' end of animal replication-dependent histone mRNAs is generated by a distinct processing mechanism, whereby histone mRNA precursors are cleaved downstream of the stem-loop, but this cleavage is not followed by polyadenylation. The key role is played by the U7 snRNP, a complex of a ∼60 nucleotide U7 snRNA and many proteins. Some of these proteins, including the enzymatic component CPSF73, are shared with the canonical cleavage and polyadenylation machinery, justifying the view that the two metazoan pre-mRNA 3'-end processing mechanisms have a common evolutionary origin. The studies on U7 snRNP culminated in the recent breakthrough of reconstituting an entirely recombinant human machinery that is capable of accurately cleaving histone pre-mRNAs, and determining its structure in complex with a pre-mRNA substrate (with 13 proteins and two RNAs) that is poised for the cleavage reaction. The structure uncovered an unanticipated network of interactions within the U7 snRNP and a remarkable mechanism of activating catalytically dormant CPSF73 for the cleavage. This work provides a conceptual framework for understanding other eukaryotic 3'-end processing machineries.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Histones/genetics ; Humans ; Hydrolysis ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; RNA, Small Nuclear/genetics ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Ribonucleoprotein, U7 Small Nuclear/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Histones ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Nuclear ; Recombinant Proteins ; Ribonucleoprotein, U7 Small Nuclear ; U7 small nuclear RNA
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 184237-7
    ISSN 1470-8752 ; 0300-5127
    ISSN (online) 1470-8752
    ISSN 0300-5127
    DOI 10.1042/BST20210323
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  10. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Three Essays in Quantitative Macroeconomics

    Tong, Liang [Verfasser]

    2020  

    Author's details Liang Tong
    Keywords Wirtschaft ; Economics
    Subject code sg330
    Language English
    Publisher KOPS Universität Konstanz
    Publishing place Konstanz
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
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