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  1. Article ; Online: QoS-Aware Resource Allocation with Pilot-Aided Channel Estimation for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks.

    Ortega, Andres / Tralli, Velio

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 12

    Abstract: The deployment of heterogeneous networks (HetNets) is a way to increase the network capacity and release part of the traffic generated by users inside a cell to small-scale wireless networks for service. In this context, the main problem is managing the ... ...

    Abstract The deployment of heterogeneous networks (HetNets) is a way to increase the network capacity and release part of the traffic generated by users inside a cell to small-scale wireless networks for service. In this context, the main problem is managing the interference due to the coexistence of small cells and macro cells. In this paper, a QoS-aware Resource Allocation (RA) algorithm jointly working with admission control (AC) over a two-tier HetNet scenario is investigated in the presence of both the pilot-symbols for channel estimation and the channel estimation error. The RA algorithm allows two users, the macro cell user (CU) and small cell user (SU), to simultaneously share the same resource block. Moreover, system performance and fairness are improved by including adaptive power allocation to users over resource blocks. In the framework of RA with proportional rate constraints, a novel algorithm is designed by including the effects of pilot-aided channel estimation. The algorithm is able to distribute the same proportional rate to all CUs and SUs, even in the presence of channel estimation error. Relevant numerical results for the downlink of a two-tier HetNet with pilot-aided channel estimation show that the rate dispersion is driven to zero while the sum-rate is maximized, and the average user rate penalty with respect to a perfect-CSI scenario may rise to 20%.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Computer Communication Networks ; Resource Allocation ; Wireless Technology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s22124545
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Online: IRSA-based Unsourced Random Access over the Gaussian Channel

    Tralli, Velio / Paolini, Enrico

    2023  

    Abstract: A framework for the analysis of synchronous grant-free massive multiple access schemes based on the irregular repetition slotted ALOHA (IRSA) protocol and operating over the Gaussian multiple access channel is presented. IRSA-based schemes are considered ...

    Abstract A framework for the analysis of synchronous grant-free massive multiple access schemes based on the irregular repetition slotted ALOHA (IRSA) protocol and operating over the Gaussian multiple access channel is presented. IRSA-based schemes are considered here as an instance of the class of unsourced slotted random access codes, operating over a frame partitioned in time slots, and are obtained by concatenation of a medium access control layer code over the entire frame and a physical layer code over each slot. In this framework, an asymptotic analysis is carried out in presence of both collisions and slot decoding errors due to channel noise, which allows the derivation of density-evolution equations, asymptotic limits for minimum packet loss probability and average load threshold, and a converse bound for threshold values. This analysis is exploited as a tool for the evaluation of performance limits in terms of minimum signal-to-noise ratio required to achieve a given packet loss probability, and also provides convergence boundary limits that hold for any IRSA scheme with given physical layer coding scheme. The tradeoff between energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency is numerically evaluated comparing some known coding options, including those achieving random coding bounds at slot level. It is shown that IRSA-based schemes have a convergence boundary limit within few dB from the random coding bound when the number of active transmitters is sufficiently large.
    Keywords Computer Science - Information Theory
    Subject code 003
    Publishing date 2023-05-16
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Book ; Online: Irregular Repetition Slotted ALOHA in an Information-Theoretic Setting

    Paolini, Enrico / Valentini, Lorenzo / Tralli, Velio / Chiani, Marco

    2022  

    Abstract: An information-theoretic approach to irregular repetition slotted ALOHA (IRSA) is proposed. In contrast with previous works, in which IRSA analysis is conducted only based on quantities that are typical of collision models such as the traffic, the new ... ...

    Abstract An information-theoretic approach to irregular repetition slotted ALOHA (IRSA) is proposed. In contrast with previous works, in which IRSA analysis is conducted only based on quantities that are typical of collision models such as the traffic, the new approach also captures more fundamental quantities. Specifically, a suitable codebook construction for the adder channel model is adopted to establish a link with successive interference cancellation over the multi-packet reception channel. This perspective allows proving achievability and converse results for the average sum rate of IRSA multiple access schemes.

    Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures
    Keywords Computer Science - Information Theory
    Publishing date 2022-07-13
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Screening for hepatitis B virus infection among refugees diagnosed with latent tuberculosis in an Italian community.

    Tocco-Tussardi, I / Fila, A / Tralli, V / Bordin, P / Gazzani, D / Majori, S / Postiglione, C / Tardivo, S / Moretti, F

    Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita

    2021  Volume 33, Issue 6, Page(s) 602–614

    Abstract: Background: Refugees are a growing population in the EU-27 area with specific health needs that are to be addressed in the most rapid and effective way at their arrival in the host country. Screening for Hepatitis B Virus infection is offered to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Refugees are a growing population in the EU-27 area with specific health needs that are to be addressed in the most rapid and effective way at their arrival in the host country. Screening for Hepatitis B Virus infection is offered to specific categories and it could be useful and effective to extend its indications. The aim of this study was to define the epidemiological profile regarding Hepatitis B Virus infection in re-fugees hosted in the Asylum Seekers Centers of Verona (Italy), diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection and eligible for chemoprophylaxis.
    Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in 715 refugees diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2017. Screening for Hepatitis B Virus infection was offered to la-tent tuberculosis infection patients who were due to commence treatment. Subjects were tested for Hepatitis B surface Antigen and Hepatitis B core antigen total antibodies. None of the screened patients reported previous vaccination for hepatitis B.
    Results: Among the 715 refugees diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection, 593 were eligible for treatment for latent tuberculosis infection. Of these, 211 (35.6%) accepted to be screened for Hepatitis B Virus infection. One hundred and ninety-five of the 211 (92.4%) came from African countries, and 16 (7.6%) from Asia; the majority (80.9%) were males. Median age was 23 years (95% CI 22-24). Of the 211, 58 individuals (27.5%) were Hepatitis B surface Antigen and Hepatitis B core antigen total antibodies positive; 74 (35.1%) were Hepatitis B surface Antigen negative and Hepatitis B core antigen total antibodies positive; and 79 (37.4%) were Hepatitis B surface Antigen and Hepatitis B core antigen total antibodies negative. Male gender and African origin were associated with a lower probability of being Hepatitis B surface Antigen- and Hepatitis B core antigen total antibodies-negative.
    Conclusions: Screening for Hepatitis B Virus is of paramount importance not only for the control and prevention of infection, but also in terms of long-term healthcare issues. Making screening more systematic can have an important impact on public health, while always considering cost-effectiveness and promotion of awareness among ethnic groups in order to gain their compliance to treatment/vaccination.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Hepatitis B/diagnosis ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Hepatitis B/prevention & control ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Latent Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Refugees ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-06
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1018045-x
    ISSN 1120-9135 ; 0029-6287
    ISSN 1120-9135 ; 0029-6287
    DOI 10.7416/ai.2021.2452
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Active TB screening among homeless people attending soup kitchens in Verona (Italy).

    Tralli, V / Bertoni, C / Colucci, L / Postiglione, C / Valsecchi, M / Tocco-Tussardi, I / Tardivo, S / Majori, S / Moretti, F

    Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita

    2021  Volume 33, Issue 4, Page(s) 332–336

    Abstract: Background: The hard-to-reach populations, including the homeless, are particularly vulnerable to the development of active tuberculosis. According to the World Health Organization, tuberculosis rates among the homeless in industrialized Countries are ... ...

    Abstract Background: The hard-to-reach populations, including the homeless, are particularly vulnerable to the development of active tuberculosis. According to the World Health Organization, tuberculosis rates among the homeless in industrialized Countries are up to 20 times higher if compared with the general popula-tion, representing a relevant public health problem. The aim of our study was to describe the results of an active tuberculosis screening applied in order to find out suspected active TB cases among the homeless in Verona.
    Methods: As part of a partnership between the non-profit association Medici per la Pace and one of the Local Health Units of Veneto Region (ULSS 9 Scaligera) in 2018, a tuberculosis screening, based on thoracic radiographs, was offered to the homeless guests of two Verona's soup kitchens.
    Results: The studied population included 139 people, and three cases of suspected active tuberculosis, all in males, were observed. Among these, two received a diagnostic confirmation of active tuberculosis (a prevalence of 1.44% - CI: 0,17 - 5,1). Moreover, radiographic patterns of tuberculosis aftermaths were found in six additional subjects.
    Conclusions: Interventions specifically dedicated to hard-to-reach populations, can be useful in identifying tuberculosis active cases and controlling the disease in low tuberculosis burden countries. In particular, the active research of subjects, the screening carried out with mobile X-ray, and also the constant caring of the patients with active disease, could be the right method to keep under control this relevant public health problem.
    MeSH term(s) Homeless Persons ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-11
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1018045-x
    ISSN 1120-9135 ; 0029-6287
    ISSN 1120-9135 ; 0029-6287
    DOI 10.7416/ai.2021.2416
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Influenza vaccination and absenteeism among healthy working adults: a cost-benefit analysis.

    Ferro, A / Bordin, P / Benacchio, L / Fornasiero, F / Bressan, V / Tralli, V / Moretti, F / Majori, S

    Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita

    2020  Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) 234–244

    Abstract: Background: Seasonal influenza is a highly contagious infection that might lead to serious clinical complications and incurs a conspicuous socio-economic impact. Influenza vaccination is currently recommended only for specific groups of healthy adults ( ... ...

    Abstract Background: Seasonal influenza is a highly contagious infection that might lead to serious clinical complications and incurs a conspicuous socio-economic impact. Influenza vaccination is currently recommended only for specific groups of healthy adults (such as healthcare workers) even though it was demonstrated to be effective in reducing absenteeism and decreased workers' productivity during flu epidemic period. The main purpose of this study is to analyse the extent of absences due to illness following a voluntary flu immunization program among the Komatsu Italia Manufacturing company's personnel during the flu season 2017-2018. Secondly, we aimed at performing a cost-benefit analysis of the vaccination campaign from the company's perspective.
    Study design: This is an observational cohort study conducted during the period between the 14th week of 2017 and the 13th week of 2018 (from 03/04/2017 to 01/04/2018). The study population was the personnel of Komatsu Italia Manufacturing S.p.A. on duty during the study period.
    Methods: For each subject the following data were collected: sex, date of birth, professional profile, seasonal influenza immunization status and sick-leave days. Sick-leave days were compared among the influenza epidemic period and the previous one between vaccinated and unvaccinated and any difference in days of absence was considered to be caused by seasonal influenza.
    Results: Out of 408 employees, 60 (14.7%) accepted the voluntary influenza vaccination. In multivariate analysis (logistic model) an age ≥ 50 years was the only predictor for vaccination acceptance (ORM 3.11 p<0.001). During the flu period, the monthly mean of sick-leave days per employee was significantly lower among the vaccinated than the unvaccinated, respectively of 0.328 days/person vs 0.752 days/person (p = 0.022). Unvaccinated employees reported a higher average of sick-leave days during the flu period compared to the previous non-influenza period (0.752 days/month/person vs 0.337 days/month/person p <0.001). The monthly mean cost for sickness absences per employee was significantly higher for an unvaccinated subject compared to one vaccinated, respectively € 129.00 and € 54.00 (p = 0.028). The overall net saving estimated was € 314.00 per person vaccinated.
    Conclusions: Influenza vaccination proved to be an extraordinary preventive tool and a cost-effective intervention. However, influenza immunization seems to be unappealing among healthy adults and higher flu vaccination coverages could be achieved through educational interventions possibly addressing young employees who showed little interest in vaccination. Finally, among health promotion interventions, companies should point out the importance of flu vaccination both for the individual wellbeing and the company environment.
    MeSH term(s) Absenteeism ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines/economics ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vaccination/economics ; Work/economics ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Influenza Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-06
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 1018045-x
    ISSN 1120-9135 ; 0029-6287
    ISSN 1120-9135 ; 0029-6287
    DOI 10.7416/ai.2020.2346
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Six years of activity of the Italian vaccine portal "VaccinarSì": a web traffic evaluation using Google Analytics.

    Bordin, P / Melot, B / Tralli, V / Bertoni, C / Moretti, F / Siddu, A / Baldo, V / Bonanni, P / Castiglia, P / Majori, S / Ferro, A

    Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita

    2021  Volume 33, Issue 2, Page(s) 109–122

    Abstract: Background: Despite the scientific consensus about vaccines safety and effectiveness, there is still a discrepancy between scientific evidence and perception by the general population. The "VaccinarSì" portal was created in 2013 by Italian specialists ... ...

    Abstract Background: Despite the scientific consensus about vaccines safety and effectiveness, there is still a discrepancy between scientific evidence and perception by the general population. The "VaccinarSì" portal was created in 2013 by Italian specialists in Public Health to provide evidence-based information regarding vaccination.
    Study design: The purpose of this study was to analyse the web traffic on "VaccinarSì" platform during a six-year period (May 8, 2013-May 8, 2019). Moreover, we compared the first six-month with the last six-month period of the website activity, to identify potential areas of improvements.
    Methods: This is a descriptive study using Google Analytics data. We collected data regarding the following: total number of sessions to the portal, total number of pages viewed, total number of users and the number of new visitors, geographical locations and demography of users as well as user access mode (type of device used and way of access). We also collected some data that were informative about the possibility to infer the level of visitors' engagement with the portal, such as thee number of returning users, bounce rate, number of pages visited per session and mean session duration.
    Results: Throughout the relevant period, the portal has consistently increased its popularity, with a remarkable increment of monthly connections (ending up to more than 80,000/month) from all over Italy. Visitors were mainly female (71.1%), aged between 25 and 44 years (64.7%). Healthcare professionals were responsible for a considerable proportion of accesses (50.6%). The mobile has become the dominant device used to access the portal, accounting for 77.8% of total connection in the last six months. Similarly, in the last period, organic search accounted for 92% of all connections. Measles and MPR vaccine, as well as chickenpox and hexavalent vaccine, have remained the most appealing topics of interest among visitors over the years. The page that attracted more visitors over the six years was "real risks and benefits of vaccination", accounting for 5.67% of total sessions with a high mean duration spent of 05:08 minutes.
    Conclusion: During the six years of activity, overall, the level of users' engagement with the portal has dropped with an increased bounce rate and a lower average number of pages visited per session and a lower mean duration of each connection. The lowest engagement involved connections accessed through mobile devices. Results helped "Vaccinarsi" developers to speculate about future strategies to further increase the platform popularity and optimize visitors' engagement.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Internet ; Italy ; Public Health ; Search Engine ; Vaccination ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-10
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1018045-x
    ISSN 1120-9135 ; 0029-6287
    ISSN 1120-9135 ; 0029-6287
    DOI 10.7416/ai.2021.2417
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Design of reconfigurable on-chip wireless interconnections through Optical Phased Arrays.

    Calò, Giovanna / Bellanca, Gaetano / Barbiroli, Marina / Fuschini, Franco / Serafino, Giovanni / Bertozzi, Davide / Tralli, Velio / Petruzzelli, Vincenzo

    Optics express

    2021  Volume 29, Issue 20, Page(s) 31212–31228

    Abstract: In this paper we report the design of a device allowing on-chip optical wireless interconnections, based on transmitting and receiving Optical Phased Arrays (OPA). The proposed device aims at realizing high-bandwidth and power-efficient reconfigurable ... ...

    Abstract In this paper we report the design of a device allowing on-chip optical wireless interconnections, based on transmitting and receiving Optical Phased Arrays (OPA). The proposed device aims at realizing high-bandwidth and power-efficient reconfigurable connections between multiple nodes, e.g. chiplets stacked onto a common silicon interposer in 2.5D manycore systems. The communication through an optical wireless switch is a completely novel approach to overcome the bottleneck of wired communication and to provide flexibility in the network topology configuration. We report the OPA design criteria as well as the results of three-dimensional Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations. We exploit the in-plane radiation of simple taper antennas to implement 1×N and N × N switching matrices. The effect of the multipath propagation in the on-chip multi-layered medium is also taken into account.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1491859-6
    ISSN 1094-4087 ; 1094-4087
    ISSN (online) 1094-4087
    ISSN 1094-4087
    DOI 10.1364/OE.427633
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Knowledge, attitudes and practices about vaccination in Trentino, Italy in 2019.

    Melot, Bénédicte / Bordin, Paola / Bertoni, Caterina / Tralli, Valentina / Zuccali, Mariagrazia / Grignolio, Andrea / Majori, Silvia / Ferro, Antonio

    Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

    2020  Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 259–268

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Introduction
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Italy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vaccination ; Vaccination Refusal ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2664176-8
    ISSN 2164-554X ; 2164-5515
    ISSN (online) 2164-554X
    ISSN 2164-5515
    DOI 10.1080/21645515.2020.1763085
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Knowledge, attitudes and practices about vaccination in Trentino, Italy in 2019

    Melot, Bénédicte / Bordin, Paola / Bertoni, Caterina / Tralli, Valentina / Zuccali, Mariagrazia / Grignolio, Andrea / Majori, Silvia / Ferro, Antonio

    Hum Vaccin Immunother

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Vaccination is among the most important areas of progress in the worldwide history of public health. However, a crescent wave of anti-vaccine groups has grown in Western countries, especially in Italy, in the last two decades. Our aim was ... ...

    Abstract INTRODUCTION: Vaccination is among the most important areas of progress in the worldwide history of public health. However, a crescent wave of anti-vaccine groups has grown in Western countries, especially in Italy, in the last two decades. Our aim was to evaluate adult's hesitancy and knowledge about vaccines and related diseases in Trentino-Alto Adige -the Italian region with the lowest vaccination coverages. METHODS: We administered self-answered structured questionnaires in three malls in the Trentino province in June 2019. We collected demographic data and information on knowledge about vaccines, infectious diseases and attitude in seeking health information. We utilized a descriptive and multivariate analysis to investigate factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS: We collected 567 questionnaires, 18% of the people interviewed were hesitant toward vaccination and 16% were against mandatory vaccination. In the multivariate analysis a poor level of information, being younger than 60 years and being against compulsory vaccination were associated with vaccine hesitancy. Regarding information about vaccines, 76.5% of the people relied on physicians, and/or 49% navigated the internet, while social media are used by 16% of the study population. Though 41.5% searched information on official sites, only 14% knew the website VaccinarSì and 4.7% had visited it. DISCUSSION: Compared to a previous study conducted in all of Italy except Trentino Alto Adige, the level of vaccination hesitancy was higher. It is important to utilize health professionals, the internet and especially social media to spread scientific information about vaccination.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #32530773
    Database COVID19

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