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  1. Article ; Online: Freezing of gait in older people: associated conditions, clinical aspects, assessment and treatment.

    Thanvi, Bhomraj / Treadwell, Sean D

    Postgraduate medical journal

    2010  Volume 86, Issue 1018, Page(s) 472–477

    Abstract: Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling condition in older people. It is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and other parkinsonian syndromes. The assessment of this condition poses challenges due to its episodic and transient nature and its frequent ... ...

    Abstract Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling condition in older people. It is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and other parkinsonian syndromes. The assessment of this condition poses challenges due to its episodic and transient nature and its frequent association with cognitive impairment. The pathophysiology of FOG is complex and poorly understood. Morphological brain imaging is of limited value in the evaluation of FOG, and functional imaging techniques are currently being developed to study the phenomenon. The treatment of 'off' time FOG in PD is relatively straight forward, but 'on' freezing in PD and FOG associated with other conditions may be difficult to treat. FOG is a strong risk factor for falls and adversely affects the quality of life of patients and carers. A multidisciplinary team approach is essential for optimum management.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Dopamine Agents/therapeutic use ; Gait Disorders, Neurologic/etiology ; Gait Disorders, Neurologic/therapy ; Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/complications ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/diagnosis ; Parkinson Disease/complications ; Parkinsonian Disorders/complications ; Patient Care Team
    Chemical Substances Dopamine Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80325-x
    ISSN 1469-0756 ; 0032-5473
    ISSN (online) 1469-0756
    ISSN 0032-5473
    DOI 10.1136/pgmj.2009.090456
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.340: Show issues Location:
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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article ; Online: Malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management.

    Treadwell, Sean D / Thanvi, Bhomraj

    Postgraduate medical journal

    2010  Volume 86, Issue 1014, Page(s) 235–242

    Abstract: Malignant MCA infarction' is the term used to describe rapid neurological deterioration due to the effects of space occupying cerebral oedema following middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory stroke. Early neurological decline and symptoms such as ... ...

    Abstract 'Malignant MCA infarction' is the term used to describe rapid neurological deterioration due to the effects of space occupying cerebral oedema following middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory stroke. Early neurological decline and symptoms such as headache and vomiting should alert the clinician to this syndrome, supported by radiological evidence of cerebral oedema and mass effect in the context of large hemispheric infarction. The prognosis is generally poor, and death usually occurs as a result of transtentorial herniation and brainstem compression. Treatment options include general measures and pharmacological agents to limit the extent of oedema, and surgical decompression to relieve the pressure effects. Until recently there has been little evidence to guide appropriate treatment, though in the last few years randomised data have been published addressing the role of surgical decompression. A pooled analysis of three European randomised controlled trials suggests that hemicraniectomy performed within 48 h significantly reduces mortality, and improves functional outcome in selected patients, and this has been reflected in recent national guidelines.
    MeSH term(s) Brain Edema/prevention & control ; Decompression, Surgical/methods ; Humans ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/diagnosis ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/etiology ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/therapy ; Intracranial Hypertension/prevention & control ; Patient Positioning ; Stroke/prevention & control ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80325-x
    ISSN 1469-0756 ; 0032-5473
    ISSN (online) 1469-0756
    ISSN 0032-5473
    DOI 10.1136/pgmj.2009.094292
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  3. Article ; Online: Cocaine use and stroke.

    Treadwell, Sean D / Robinson, Tom G

    Postgraduate medical journal

    2007  Volume 83, Issue 980, Page(s) 389–394

    Abstract: Stroke is the third most common cause of death in developed countries. In England and Wales, 1000 people under the age of 30 have a stroke each year. Cocaine is the most commonly used class A drug, and the first report of cocaine-induced stroke was in ... ...

    Abstract Stroke is the third most common cause of death in developed countries. In England and Wales, 1000 people under the age of 30 have a stroke each year. Cocaine is the most commonly used class A drug, and the first report of cocaine-induced stroke was in 1977. Since the development of alkaloidal "crack" cocaine in the 1980s, there has been a significant rise in the number of case reports describing both ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke associated with cocaine use. Cocaine is a potent central nervous system stimulant, and acts by binding to specific receptors at pre-synaptic sites preventing the reuptake of neurotransmitters. The exact mechanism of cocaine-induced stroke remains unclear and there are likely to be a number of factors involved including vasospasm, cerebral vasculitis, enhanced platelet aggregation, cardioembolism, and hypertensive surges associated with altered cerebral autoregulation. The evidence surrounding each of these factors will be considered here.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cocaine/chemistry ; Cocaine/pharmacology ; Cocaine-Related Disorders/complications ; Endothelin-1/drug effects ; Humans ; Stroke/chemically induced ; Vasospasm, Intracranial/chemically induced
    Chemical Substances Endothelin-1 ; Cocaine (I5Y540LHVR)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-06-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80325-x
    ISSN 1469-0756 ; 0032-5473
    ISSN (online) 1469-0756
    ISSN 0032-5473
    DOI 10.1136/pgmj.2006.055970
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.340: Show issues Location:
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