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  1. Article: Optimization of Physical Activation Process by CO

    Tsai, Chi-Hung / Tsai, Wen-Tien

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 19

    Abstract: In this work, the Honduras Mahogany ( ...

    Abstract In this work, the Honduras Mahogany (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma16196558
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Analysis of changes in greenhouse gas emissions and technological approaches for achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 in Taiwan.

    Tsai, Wen-Tien / Tsai, Chi-Hung

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2023  

    Abstract: Over the past two decades, the Taiwan government promulgated some regulatory measures and promotional actions on energy efficiency promotion and renewable energy development. In March 2022, the "Taiwan's Pathway to Net-Zero Emissions in 2050" was ... ...

    Abstract Over the past two decades, the Taiwan government promulgated some regulatory measures and promotional actions on energy efficiency promotion and renewable energy development. In March 2022, the "Taiwan's Pathway to Net-Zero Emissions in 2050" was announced to respond to the Paris Agreement. In order to achieve the goal, the Climate Change Response Act (CCRA) was passed on February 15, 2023, requiring the de-carbonization measures and adaptation strategies. The main aim of this paper was to analyze the changes in GHG emissions and renewable energy supply by using the updated data from the official statistics in connection with the trends of environmental and energy sustainability since 2000. The findings showed that total installed capacity of renewable power (especially in solar power and wind power) showed an amazing increase over the past decade, leading to the inclined GHG emissions and thus supporting the environmental and energy sustainability toward a low-carbon society. Furthermore, this paper summarized the development history and main differences concerning the carbon neutrality policy and legislation in Japan and South Korea. For achieving the staged targets of GHG emissions by 2030 and 2050, this paper finally addressed the technological approaches for achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 in Taiwan, focusing on the transformation of energy and industry, and the policy implications by all levels of government.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-15
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-023-31014-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5915: Show issues

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  3. Article: Effect of Post-Washing on Textural Characteristics of Carbon Materials Derived from Pineapple Peel Biomass.

    Tsai, Chi-Hung / Tsai, Wen-Tien / Kuo, Li-An

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 24

    Abstract: Porous carbon materials have been widely used to remove pollutants from the liquid-phase streams. However, their limited pore properties could be a major problem. In this work, the effects of post-washing methods (i.e., water washing and acid washing) on ...

    Abstract Porous carbon materials have been widely used to remove pollutants from the liquid-phase streams. However, their limited pore properties could be a major problem. In this work, the effects of post-washing methods (i.e., water washing and acid washing) on the textural characteristics of the resulting biochar and activated carbon products from pineapple peel biomass were investigated in the carbonization and CO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma16247529
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: A Survey on Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases in Taiwan: Emission Trends, Regulatory Strategies, and Abatement Technologies

    Tsai, Wen-Tien / Tsai, Chi-Hung

    Environments. 2023 July 03, v. 10, no. 7

    2023  

    Abstract: Fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases), including hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), and nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃), are used in a variety of applications, but they are potent greenhouse gases (GHGs). Therefore, ...

    Abstract Fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases), including hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), and nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃), are used in a variety of applications, but they are potent greenhouse gases (GHGs). Therefore, they have been blanketed into the list of items to be phased out under international protocols or treaties. During the desk research, the updated statistics of Taiwan’s National Inventory Report (NIR) were used to analyze the trends of F-gases (i.e., HFCs, PFCs, SF₆, and NF₃) emissions during the period of 2000–2020. Furthermore, the regulatory strategies and measures for the reduction of the four F-gas emissions will be summarized to be in accordance with the national and international regulations. With the rapid development in the electronics industry, the total F-gas emissions indicate a significant increase from 2462 kilotons of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO₂ₑq) in 2000 to the peak value (i.e., 12,643 kilotons) of CO₂ₑq in 2004. However, it sharply decreased from 10,284 kilotons of CO₂ₑq in 2005 to 3906 kilotons of CO₂ₑq in 2020 due to the ongoing efforts of the regulatory requirements and the industry’s voluntary reduction in time sequence. It was also found that the most commonly used method for controlling the emissions of F-gases from the semiconductor and optoelectronic industries in Taiwan is based on the thermal destruction-local scrubbing method.
    Keywords carbon dioxide ; electronics ; greenhouses ; hydrofluorocarbons ; industry ; inventories ; nitrogen ; perfluorocarbons ; semiconductors ; statistics ; sulfur hexafluoride ; surveys ; Taiwan
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0703
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2777960-9
    ISSN 2076-3298
    ISSN 2076-3298
    DOI 10.3390/environments10070113
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Thermochemical Characterization of Rice-Derived Residues for Fuel Use and Its Potential for Slagging Tendency

    Tsai, Chi-Hung / Shen, Yun-Hwei / Tsai, Wen-Tien

    Fire. 2023 June 08, v. 6, no. 6

    2023  

    Abstract: Rice is the most important cereal in Asia. However, it also results in the generation of large quantities of rice-derived residues (i.e., rice straw and rice husk). Due to the residues richness in lignocellulosic components, they potentially have ... ...

    Abstract Rice is the most important cereal in Asia. However, it also results in the generation of large quantities of rice-derived residues (i.e., rice straw and rice husk). Due to the residues richness in lignocellulosic components, they potentially have considerable value in material and/or energy production without illegal burning in open fields. This work focused on investigating the thermochemical properties and inorganic/metal element contents of rice straw and rice husk. The former included proximate analysis, calorific value, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The latter covered the ten elements most relevant to their slagging/fouling indices. The results showed that they are suitable for energy use as biomass fuels, but rice husk was superior to rice straw because of the high silica content in the rice husk and the significant contents of potassium, sulfur and phosphorus in the rice straw. Using several slagging and fouling indices, the evaluation results were also consistent with their contents of inorganic elements or oxides. To increase the fuel properties of rice-derived residues, they could be pretreated with alkaline leaching, thus causing lower emissions of particulates and reduced slagging tendency when co-firing them with coal in industrial boilers.
    Keywords biomass ; coal ; energy ; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis ; lignocellulose ; particulates ; phosphorus ; potassium ; proximate composition ; rice hulls ; rice straw ; silica ; sulfur ; thermogravimetry ; Asia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0608
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2571-6255
    DOI 10.3390/fire6060230
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Reuse of the Materials Recycled from Renewable Resources in the Civil Engineering: Status, Achievements and Government's Initiatives in Taiwan.

    Tsai, Chi-Hung / Shen, Yun-Hwei / Tsai, Wen-Tien

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 14, Issue 13

    Abstract: Growing concerns about the circular economy and sustainable waste management for civil applications of non-hazardous mineral industrial waste have increased in recent years. Therefore, this study presents a trend analysis of industrial waste generation ... ...

    Abstract Growing concerns about the circular economy and sustainable waste management for civil applications of non-hazardous mineral industrial waste have increased in recent years. Therefore, this study presents a trend analysis of industrial waste generation and treatment during the years of 2010-2020, and focused on promotion policies and regulatory measures for mandatory renewable resources from industrial sources in Taiwan, including reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) material, water-quenched blast furnace slag, and ilmenite chlorination furnace slag. According to the official database of the online reported statistics during the period of 2010-2020, approximately three million metric tons per year of renewable resources were totally reused in civil engineering or related cement products, reflecting a balanced supply chain in the domestic market. Among these, water-quenched blast furnace slag accounted for about 90% (about 2.7 million metric tons) in Taiwan. Currently, the legislative framework of sustainable waste management in Taiwan is based on the Waste Management Act and the Resource Recycling Act, but there are some problems with them. In order to effectively reduce environmental loadings and conserve natural resources to mitigate climate change, some recommendations are addressed from different points of view.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma14133730
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Preparation and Characterization of Porous Materials from Pineapple Peel at Elevated Pyrolysis Temperatures.

    Tsai, Wen-Tien / Ayestas, Raquel / Tsai, Chi-Hung / Lin, Yu-Quan

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 13

    Abstract: In this work, pineapple peel (PP) was reused as a precursor in biochar (BC) production at elevated temperatures (i.e., 500−900 °C) for residence times of 0−60 min. The findings showed that pyrolysis temperature and residence time played a vital role in ... ...

    Abstract In this work, pineapple peel (PP) was reused as a precursor in biochar (BC) production at elevated temperatures (i.e., 500−900 °C) for residence times of 0−60 min. The findings showed that pyrolysis temperature and residence time played a vital role in pore development. As pyrolysis temperature increased from 800 to 900 °C for residence times of 20 and 60 min, the data on the Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) surface area of the resulting biochar products significantly jumped from 11.98−32.34 to 119.43−133.40 m2/g. In addition, there was a significant increase in the BET surface area from 1.02 to 133.40 m2/g with the residence time of 0 to 20 min at 900 °C. From the data of the nitrogen adsorption−desorption isotherms and the pore size distribution, both micropores (pore diameters of <2.0 nm) and mesopores (pore diameters of 2.0−50.0 nm) are present in the PP-based biochar products. Due to its good fittings in the pseudo-second-order model and its hydrophilic nature, as seen in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the resulting biochar could be a porous material to be used for the effective removal of cationic compounds (i.e., methylene blue (MB)) from liquid phases.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma15134686
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Production of Mesoporous Magnetic Carbon Materials from Oily Sludge by Combining Thermal Activation and Post-Washing.

    Tsai, Wen-Tien / Lin, Yu-Quan / Tsai, Chi-Hung / Shen, Yun-Hwei

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 16

    Abstract: In this work, the oily sludge (OS) from a local waste oil recycling plant was reused as a precursor for producing porous magnetic carbon composites (CC) by pyrolysis, followed by carbon dioxide activation. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of ...

    Abstract In this work, the oily sludge (OS) from a local waste oil recycling plant was reused as a precursor for producing porous magnetic carbon composites (CC) by pyrolysis, followed by carbon dioxide activation. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the OS feedstock, the preparation experiments were performed at 800−900 °C. From the pore analysis of the CC products, it indicated an increasing trend, as the BET surface area greatly increased from about 1.0 to 44.30 m2/g. In addition, the enhancement effect on the pore properties can be consistently obtained from the acid-washed CC products because the existing and new pores were reformed due to the leaching-out of inorganic minerals. It showed an increase from 32.27 to 94.45 m2/g and 44.30 to 94.52 m2/g at 850 and 900 °C, respectively, showing their mesoporous features. These porous and iron-containing features were also observed by the scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). In addition, the adsorption removal of total organic carbon (TOC) in the raw wastewater, by the CC product, showed its high performance (>80%).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma15165794
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Production of Porous Biochar from Cow Dung Using Microwave Process.

    Tsai, Wen-Tien / Kuo, Li-An / Tsai, Chi-Hung / Huang, Hsiang-Lan / Yang, Ru-Yuan / Tsai, Jen-Hsiung

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 24

    Abstract: To valorize livestock manure, the present study investigated the production of biochar from cow dung (CD) by microwave pyrolysis. The pore properties and chemical characteristics of CD and CD-based biochar products were found to correlate with the ... ...

    Abstract To valorize livestock manure, the present study investigated the production of biochar from cow dung (CD) by microwave pyrolysis. The pore properties and chemical characteristics of CD and CD-based biochar products were found to correlate with the process parameters like microwave power (300-1000 W) and residence time (5-20 min). The findings indicated that CD is an excellent biomass based on the richness of lignocellulosic constituents from the results of proximate analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Higher calorific values were obtained at mild microwave conditions, giving the maximal enhancement factor 139% in comparison with the calorific value of CD (18.97 MJ/kg). Also, it can be concluded that the biochar product obtained at 800 W for a holding time of 5 min had the maximal BET surface area of 127 m
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma16247667
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Production of Highly Porous Biochar Materials from Spent Mushroom Composts

    Chen, Wen-Shing / Tsai, Wen-Tien / Lin, Yu-Quan / Tsai, Chi-Hung / Chang, Yao-Tsung

    Horticulturae. 2022 Jan. 04, v. 8, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: The edible mushroom industry has grown significantly in recent years due to the dietary change and the demand for heathy food. However, the spent mushroom compost (SMC) will be produced in large quantities after the harvest, thus forming an agricultural ... ...

    Abstract The edible mushroom industry has grown significantly in recent years due to the dietary change and the demand for heathy food. However, the spent mushroom compost (SMC) will be produced in large quantities after the harvest, thus forming an agricultural waste requiring proper management other than dumping or burning. In this work, two types of SMCs with the cultivation of shiitake fungus (SF) and black fungus (BF) were converted into porous biochar products (a series of SMC-SF-BC and SMC-BF-BC) at higher pyrolysis temperatures (i.e., 400, 600 and 800 °C) based on their thermochemical characteristics, using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The pore and chemical properties of the resulting products, including surface area, pore volume, average pore size, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were studied to correlate them with the most important process parameter. The results showed that the pore properties of the biochar products indicated a significant increase with the increase in the pyrolysis temperature from 400 to 600 °C. The data on the maximal Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area for the biochar products produced at 800 °C (i.e., SMC-SF-BC-800 and SMC-BF-BC-800) were found to be 312.5 and 280.9 m²/g, respectively. Based on the EDS and FTIR, plenty of oxygen-containing functional groups were found on the surface of the resulting biochar products.
    Keywords Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; agricultural wastes ; biochar ; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis ; industry ; mushrooms ; porosity ; pyrolysis ; spent mushroom compost ; surface area ; temperature ; thermogravimetry
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0104
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2813983-5
    ISSN 2311-7524
    ISSN 2311-7524
    DOI 10.3390/horticulturae8010046
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