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Article: Perspectives of on-farm biosecurity and disease prevention among selected pig veterinarians and pig farmers in Sweden.

Gröndal, Hedvig / Tuominen, Krista / Sternberg Lewerin, Susanna

2023 Volume 10, Issue 2, Page(s) e68

Abstract: Background: Biosecurity is important in preventing the spread of infectious diseases in animal production. Previous studies have identified a disparity between the biosecurity recommendations provided by veterinarians and the actual practices ... ...

Abstract	Background: Biosecurity is important in preventing the spread of infectious diseases in animal production. Previous studies have identified a disparity between the biosecurity recommendations provided by veterinarians and the actual practices implemented by farmers. This study compared group discussions with a few key actors among Swedish pig veterinarians and farmers on pig farm biosecurity. Methods: Two focus group discussions were conducted, one with five Swedish pig veterinarians and one with three pig farmers, to explore their views on pig farm biosecurity and efficient biosecurity measures. The discussions were analysed to identify differences and similarities in how biosecurity was perceived. Results: The study identified differences between the veterinarians and pig farmers in how they perceived good biosecurity and the level of biosecurity in Swedish pig herds. The veterinarians perceived that adhering strictly to the farming system and its barriers was essential for good biosecurity. The biosecurity in the pig farms was often considered inadequate. The veterinarians described difficulties in biosecurity-related communication with the farmers. The pig farmers valued the flexibility of the farming system over strict barriers and described that the level of biosecurity was good in Swedish pig herds. However, both groups also shared similar views regarding the challenges in farm biosecurity. They highlighted that biosecurity measures with proven efficacy are important for farmer motivation. Conclusions: This limited study suggested that different perspectives on biosecurity can contribute to communication difficulties between pig farmers and veterinarians. Acknowledging both the differences and similarities of the different perspectives may help improve cooperation and communication in biosecurity-related questions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2782580-2
ISSN	2052-6113
ISSN	2052-6113
DOI	10.1002/vro2.68
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Article: According to Kirschner-Wagner, operated aplasia is a vaginal case in which an artificial vagina is connected to a functioning uterus.

TUOMINEN, K

Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja. Supplementum

2010 Volume 61, Issue 3, Page(s) 179–190

Title translation	Kirschner-Wagnerin mukaan operoitu aplasia vaginaetapaus, jossa keinotekoinen emätin on yhdistetty toimintakykyiseen kohtuun.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Vagina/abnormalities
Language	Finnish
Publishing date	2010-08-27
Publishing country	Finland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0301-8989
ISSN	0301-8989
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Article ; Online: Assessment of control measures against livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a farrow-to-finish pig herd using infectious disease modelling.

Tuominen, K S / Sternberg Lewerin, S / Widgren, S / Rosendal, T

Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience

2023 Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) 100840

Abstract: Pigs are considered to be the main reservoir for livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA), which is a zoonotic opportunistic pathogen. As LA-MRSA is an occupational hazard, there is an incentive to control its spread in ... ...

Abstract	Pigs are considered to be the main reservoir for livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA), which is a zoonotic opportunistic pathogen. As LA-MRSA is an occupational hazard, there is an incentive to control its spread in pig herds. Currently, knowledge about effective control measures which do not require culling the whole herd are limited, and the control strategies against LA-MRSA vary between countries. This study uses a stochastic compartment model to simulate possible control measures for LA-MRSA in a farrow-to-finish pig herd. The aims of the study were to (1) extend a previously published disease spread model with additional management and control measures; (2) use the extended model to study the effect of the individual LA-MRSA control measures on the within-herd LA-MRSA prevalence; (3) evaluate the effect of control measures when they are implemented in combinations. From the individual control measures tested in the study, thorough cleaning was found to be most effective in reducing the LA-MRSA prevalence in the herd. When the different control measures were combined, cleaning together with disease surveillance had the largest impact on reducing the LA-MRSA and a higher chance of causing disease elimination. The results of the study showed that achieving disease elimination once LA-MRSA had been introduced in the herd was challenging but was more likely when control measures were introduced early during the outbreak. This emphasises the importance of early detection of the pathogen and subsequent rapid implementation of LA-MRSA control measures.
MeSH term(s)	Swine ; Animals ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Staphylococcal Infections/veterinary ; Livestock ; Swine Diseases/epidemiology ; Swine Diseases/prevention & control ; Communicable Diseases/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2257920-5
ISSN	1751-732X ; 1751-7311
ISSN (online)	1751-732X
ISSN	1751-7311
DOI	10.1016/j.animal.2023.100840
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Article ; Online: Nonperturbative Decoupling of Massive Fermions.

Rindlisbacher, Tobias / Rummukainen, Kari / Salami, Ahmed / Tuominen, Kimmo

Physical review letters

2022 Volume 129, Issue 13, Page(s) 131601

Abstract: SU(2) gauge theory with N_{f}=24 massless fermions is noninteracting at long distances, i.e., it has an infrared fixed point at vanishing coupling. With massive fermions, the fermions are expected to decouple at energy scales below the fermion mass, and ... ...

Abstract	SU(2) gauge theory with N_{f}=24 massless fermions is noninteracting at long distances, i.e., it has an infrared fixed point at vanishing coupling. With massive fermions, the fermions are expected to decouple at energy scales below the fermion mass, and the infrared behavior is that of confining SU(2) pure gauge theory. We demonstrate this behavior nonperturbatively with lattice Monte Carlo simulations by measuring the gradient flow running coupling.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208853-8
ISSN	1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
ISSN (online)	1079-7114
ISSN	0031-9007
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.131601
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Article ; Online: Modelling environmentally mediated spread of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a pig herd.

Tuominen, K S / Sternberg Lewerin, S / Jacobson, M / Rosendal, T

Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience

2022 Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) 100450

Abstract: Infectious disease models are a useful tool to support within-herd disease control strategies. This study presents a stochastic compartment model with environmentally mediated transmission to represent the spread of livestock-associated methicillin- ... ...

Abstract	Infectious disease models are a useful tool to support within-herd disease control strategies. This study presents a stochastic compartment model with environmentally mediated transmission to represent the spread of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) in a farrow-to-finish pig herd. The aims of the study were to (1) construct a model of the spread of LA-MRSA that included spread of LA-MRSA through the environment; (2) parameterise the model to fit previously published observational data in order to obtain realistic LA-MRSA transmission rates; (3) and to investigate how changes in the mixing of animals in the farrowing and finishing units may affect the prevalence of LA-MRSA in a herd. The results showed that indirect transmission allowed LA-MRSA to persist in the herd without the assumption of persistently shedding individuals. Reducing the mixing of pigs upon entry to the finishing unit was also shown to lower the LA-MRSA prevalence in the unit if the initial LA-MRSA level in the unit was low, but at high prevalence, no effect of mixing was identified. In the farrowing unit, changing the proportion of piglets that were cross-fostered did not affect the within-herd LA-MRSA prevalence. The study demonstrates that there are several important knowledge gaps regarding the shedding and transmission of LA-MRSA in different animal age groups and further experimental studies are needed. This work also provides a new, robust and flexible model framework for the investigation of control and mitigation strategies for LA-MRSA and other infections in a pig herd.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Livestock ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Prevalence ; Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Staphylococcal Infections/veterinary ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/epidemiology ; Swine Diseases/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2257920-5
ISSN	1751-732X ; 1751-7311
ISSN (online)	1751-732X
ISSN	1751-7311
DOI	10.1016/j.animal.2021.100450
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Article ; Online: Survival of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus CC398 on different surface materials.

Tuominen, Krista / Frosth, Sara / Pedersen, Karl / Rosendal, Thomas / Sternberg Lewerin, Susanna

Acta veterinaria Scandinavica

2023 Volume 65, Issue 1, Page(s) 13

Abstract: Background: Zoonotic livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is widely spread in pig herds in many countries. However, the knowledge regarding the survival of LA-MRSA in the pig farm environment is currently limited. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Zoonotic livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is widely spread in pig herds in many countries. However, the knowledge regarding the survival of LA-MRSA in the pig farm environment is currently limited. The aim of this study was to assess the survival of LA-MRSA on different surface materials found in the farm environment. The study investigated the survival of two different LA-MRSA strains belonging to the clonal complex (CC) 398 on four different surfaces: stainless steel, polypropylene plastic, K30 concrete and commercial concrete disk coupons. The survival of the bacteria over time was determined by the viable count method and, where possible, fitting a model to the observed data by using nonlinear least squares method to calculate the half-life ([Formula: see text]) for different strain and material combinations. Results: The study showed that the half-life of the bacteria was longer on polypropylene plastic ([Formula: see text]=11.08-15.78 days) than on stainless steel ([Formula: see text]=2.45-7.83 days). On these materials, both LA-MRSA strains survived through the 14 week observation period. The bacterial decay was fastest on the concrete surfaces, where LA-MRSA became undetectable after 3-9 weeks. Conclusions: The survival of LA-MRSA in the pig farm environment may be affected by different surface materials. A more frequent sampling protocol (< 7 days) is needed to determine the half-life on concrete surfaces.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Swine ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Livestock ; Polypropylenes ; Stainless Steel ; Staphylococcal Infections/veterinary ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Polypropylenes ; Stainless Steel (12597-68-1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	40137-7
ISSN	1751-0147 ; 0044-605X
ISSN (online)	1751-0147
ISSN	0044-605X
DOI	10.1186/s13028-023-00676-z
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Article ; Online: No place to go? Older people reconsidering the meaning of social spaces in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Tuominen, Katariina / Pirhonen, Jari / Lumme-Sandt, Kirsi / Ahosola, Päivi / Pietilä, Ilkka

Journal of aging studies

2023 Volume 67, Page(s) 101167

Abstract: Under COVID-19 restrictions, older people were advised to avoid social contact and to self-isolate at home. The situation forced them to reconsider their everyday social spaces such as home and leisure time places. This study approached the meaning of ... ...

Abstract	Under COVID-19 restrictions, older people were advised to avoid social contact and to self-isolate at home. The situation forced them to reconsider their everyday social spaces such as home and leisure time places. This study approached the meaning of social spaces for older people by examining how older people positioned themselves in relation to social spaces during the pandemic. The data were drawn from the Ageing and social well-being (SoWell) research project at Tampere University, Finland, and they consisted of phone interviews collected during the summer of 2020 with 31 older persons aged 64-96 years. The data were analysed using the frameworks of positioning analysis and environmental positioning. Results showed the positions of older people being manifold, flexible and even contradictory. Within home, the participants portrayed themselves as restricted due to limited social contact, but also as able to adapt to and content being alone. Virtual spaces were depicted as spaces for younger and healthy persons, and the participants themselves as sceptical technology users not satisfied with technology-mediated interaction. Within an assisted living facility, the participants described themselves as sensible and responsible persons who wanted to follow the facility's pandemic-related rules but also as independent persons having nothing to do with these rules. In the spaces outside the home, the participants portrayed themselves as persons who followed pandemic instructions but also as persons who were not required to follow the instructions because they could use their own judgement. These self-positions shed light on the social needs of older people in the spaces of their everyday lives. Our results provide useful insights for policy makers and professionals working with older people and will help to promote spaces of living, care and everyday life that can enhance and maintain social interaction and well-being both in times of change and in more stable times.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Social Environment ; Aging ; Assisted Living Facilities
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2006012-9
ISSN	1879-193X ; 0890-4065
ISSN (online)	1879-193X
ISSN	0890-4065
DOI	10.1016/j.jaging.2023.101167
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Article: Modelling environmentally mediated spread of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a pig herd

Tuominen, K.S. / Sternberg Lewerin, S. / Jacobson, M. / Rosendal, T.

Animal. 2022 Feb., v. 16, no. 2

2022

Abstract	Infectious disease models are a useful tool to support within-herd disease control strategies. This study presents a stochastic compartment model with environmentally mediated transmission to represent the spread of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) in a farrow-to-finish pig herd. The aims of the study were to (1) construct a model of the spread of LA-MRSA that included spread of LA-MRSA through the environment; (2) parameterise the model to fit previously published observational data in order to obtain realistic LA-MRSA transmission rates; (3) and to investigate how changes in the mixing of animals in the farrowing and finishing units may affect the prevalence of LA-MRSA in a herd. The results showed that indirect transmission allowed LA-MRSA to persist in the herd without the assumption of persistently shedding individuals. Reducing the mixing of pigs upon entry to the finishing unit was also shown to lower the LA-MRSA prevalence in the unit if the initial LA-MRSA level in the unit was low, but at high prevalence, no effect of mixing was identified. In the farrowing unit, changing the proportion of piglets that were cross-fostered did not affect the within-herd LA-MRSA prevalence. The study demonstrates that there are several important knowledge gaps regarding the shedding and transmission of LA-MRSA in different animal age groups and further experimental studies are needed. This work also provides a new, robust and flexible model framework for the investigation of control and mitigation strategies for LA-MRSA and other infections in a pig herd.
Keywords	animal age ; disease control ; herds ; infectious diseases ; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; observational studies
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-02
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2257920-5
ISSN	1751-732X ; 1751-7311
ISSN (online)	1751-732X
ISSN	1751-7311
DOI	10.1016/j.animal.2021.100450
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Parental socioeconomic and psychological determinants of the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) vaccine uptake in children.

Salo-Tuominen, Krista / Teros-Jaakkola, Tamara / Toivonen, Laura / Ollila, Helena / Rautava, Päivi / Aromaa, Minna / Lahti, Elina / Junttila, Niina / Peltola, Ville

Vaccine

2022 Volume 40, Issue 26, Page(s) 3684–3689

Abstract: Background: Before COVID-19, the previous pandemic was caused by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in 2009. Identification of factors behind parental decisions to have their child vaccinated against pandemic influenza could be helpful in planning of other ... ...

Abstract	Background: Before COVID-19, the previous pandemic was caused by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in 2009. Identification of factors behind parental decisions to have their child vaccinated against pandemic influenza could be helpful in planning of other pandemic vaccination programmes. We investigated the association of parental socioeconomic and psychosocial factors with uptake of the pandemic influenza vaccine in children in 2009-2010. Methods: This study was conducted within a prospective birth-cohort study (STEPS Study), where children born in 2008-2010 are followed from pregnancy to adulthood. Demographic and socioeconomic factors of parents were collected through questionnaires and vaccination data from electronic registers. Before and after the birth of the child, the mother's and father's individual and relational psychosocial well-being, i.e. depressive symptoms, dissatisfaction with the relationship, experienced social and emotional loneliness, and maternal anxiety during pregnancy, were measured by validated questionnaires (BDI-II, RDAS, PRAQ, and UCLA). Results: Of 1020 children aged 6-20 months at the beginning of pandemic influenza vaccinations, 820 (80%) received and 200 (20%) did not receive the vaccine against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. All measures of parents' psychosocial well-being were similar between vaccinated and non-vaccinated children. Children of younger mothers had a higher risk of not receiving the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine than children of older mothers (OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.52-4.43, for mothers < 27.7 years compared to ≥ 33.6 years of age). Children of mothers with lower educational level had an increased risk of not receiving the vaccine (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.00-2.14). Conclusions: Mother's younger age and lower education level were associated with an increased risk for the child not to receive the 2009 pandemic influenza vaccine, but individual or relational psychosocial well-being of parents was not associated with children's vaccination. Our findings suggest that young and poorly educated mothers should receive targeted support in order to promote children's vaccinations during a pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/etiology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Parents/psychology ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Influenza Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	605674-x
ISSN	1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
ISSN (online)	1873-2518
ISSN	0264-410X
DOI	10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.05.012
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Book ; Online: Energy loss in low energy nuclear recoils in dark matter detector materials

Sassi, Sebastian / Heikinheimo, Matti / Tuominen, Kimmo / Kuronen, Antti / Byggmästar, Jesper / Nordlund, Kai / Mirabolfathi, Nader

2022

Abstract: Recent progress in phonon-mediated detectors with eV-scale nuclear recoil energy sensitivity requires an understanding of the effect of the crystalline defects on the energy spectrum expected from dark matter or neutrino coherent scattering. We have ... ...

Abstract	Recent progress in phonon-mediated detectors with eV-scale nuclear recoil energy sensitivity requires an understanding of the effect of the crystalline defects on the energy spectrum expected from dark matter or neutrino coherent scattering. We have performed molecular dynamics simulations to determine the amount of energy stored in the lattice defects as a function of the recoil direction and energy. This energy can not be observed in the phonon measurement, thus affecting the observed energy spectrum compared to the underlying true recoil energy spectrum. We describe this effect for multiple commonly used detector materials and demonstrate how the predicted energy spectrum from dark matter scattering is modified. Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, one table. The MD simulation data can be obtained from https://github.com/sebsassi/elosssim
Keywords	High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ; Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Subject code	541
Publishing date	2022-06-14
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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