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Article ; Online: Analysis of tryptophan metabolites and related compounds in human and murine tissue: development and validation of a quantitative and semi-quantitative method using high resolution mass spectrometry.

Abujrais, Sandy / Ubhayasekera, S J Kumari A / Bergquist, Jonas

Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications

2024 Volume 16, Issue 7, Page(s) 1074–1082

Abstract: This study explores the metabolic differences between human and murine plasma in addition to differences between murine subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue. A quantitative and semi-quantitative targeted method was developed and validated for ... ...

Abstract	This study explores the metabolic differences between human and murine plasma in addition to differences between murine subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue. A quantitative and semi-quantitative targeted method was developed and validated for this purpose. The quantitative method includes tryptophan and its metabolites in addition to tyrosine, phenylalanine, taurine, B vitamins, neopterin, cystathionine and hypoxanthine. While the semi-quantitative method includes; 3-indoleacetic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, acetylcholine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, citrulline and methionine. Sample preparation was based on protein precipitation, while quantification was conducted using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization in the parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mode. The low limit of quantification for all metabolites ranged from 1 to 200 ng mL
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Tryptophan/metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Tyrosine ; Phenylalanine
Chemical Substances	Tryptophan (8DUH1N11BX) ; Tyrosine (42HK56048U) ; Phenylalanine (47E5O17Y3R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2515210-5
ISSN	1759-9679 ; 1759-9660
ISSN (online)	1759-9679
ISSN	1759-9660
DOI	10.1039/d3ay01959d
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Article ; Online: Simultaneous determination of 22 fatty acids in total parenteral nutrition (TPN) components by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Chico Retrato, Mark Dennis / Qiu, Siyuan / Lundquist, Anna / Muratovic, Aida Zuberovic / Rad, Farshid Mashayekhy / Ubhayasekera, S J Kumari A / Bergquist, Jonas

Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications

2023 Volume 15, Issue 20, Page(s) 2480–2489

Abstract: Evaluating total parenteral nutrition (TPN) products for quality assurance and quality control is crucial due to the chemical complexity of its components. With the advent of exploring different approaches for analysing TPN components using tandem mass ... ...

Abstract	Evaluating total parenteral nutrition (TPN) products for quality assurance and quality control is crucial due to the chemical complexity of its components. With the advent of exploring different approaches for analysing TPN components using tandem mass spectrometry techniques, there is still a need for a robust and reproducible method for industrial routine analyses. This study allows simple, simultaneous determination of 22 fatty acids (FAs) commonly found in TPN components using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Five different transesterification techniques were applied for the FA standards and the sodium methoxide in methanol-dimethyl carbonate method was selected due to its good methylation efficiency. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were separated in gas chromatography using an HP-5MS UI column with helium as the carrier gas. Mass spectrometry was used to fragment and quantify FAMEs using electron ionization (EI) and selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The analytical method was evaluated using the guidelines from the US Food and Drug Agency (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) in compliance with the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) document Q2(R2). Correlation coefficients (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Fatty Acids/analysis ; Fatty Acids/chemistry ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Limit of Detection ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2515210-5
ISSN	1759-9679 ; 1759-9660
ISSN (online)	1759-9679
ISSN	1759-9660
DOI	10.1039/d3ay00407d
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Article ; Online: Effects of the domestic thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) variant on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and behavior in chicken.

Fallahshahroudi, Amir / Johnsson, Martin / Sorato, Enrico / Ubhayasekera, S J Kumari A / Bergquist, Jonas / Altimiras, Jordi / Jensen, Per

Genetics

2021 Volume 217, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–9

Abstract: Domestic chickens are less fearful, have a faster sexual development, grow bigger, and lay more eggs than their primary ancestor, the red junglefowl. Several candidate genetic variants selected during domestication have been identified, but only a few ... ...

Abstract	Domestic chickens are less fearful, have a faster sexual development, grow bigger, and lay more eggs than their primary ancestor, the red junglefowl. Several candidate genetic variants selected during domestication have been identified, but only a few studies have directly linked them with distinct phenotypic traits. Notably, a variant of the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) gene has been under strong positive selection over the past millennium, but it's function and mechanisms of action are still largely unresolved. We therefore assessed the abundance of the domestic TSHR variant and possible genomic selection signatures in an extensive data set comprising multiple commercial and village chicken populations as well as wild-living extant members of the genus Gallus. Furthermore, by mean of extensive backcrossing we introgressed the wild-type TSHR variant from red junglefowl into domestic White Leghorn chickens and investigated gene expression, hormone levels, cold adaptation, and behavior in chickens possessing either the wild-type or domestic TSHR variant. While the domestic TSHR was the most common variant in all studied domestic populations and in one of two red junglefowl population, it was not detected in the other Gallus species. Functionally, the individuals with the domestic TSHR variant had a lower expression of the TSHR in the hypothalamus and marginally higher in the thyroid gland than wild-type TSHR individuals. Expression of TSHB and DIO2, two regulators of sexual maturity and reproduction in birds, was higher in the pituitary gland of the domestic-variant chickens. Furthermore, the domestic variant was associated with higher activity in the open field test. Our findings confirm that the spread of the domestic TSHR variant is limited to domesticated chickens, and to a lesser extent, their wild counterpart, the red junglefowl. Furthermore, we showed that effects of genetic variability in TSHR mirror key differences in gene expression and behavior previously described between the red junglefowl and domestic chicken.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Avian Proteins/genetics ; Behavior, Animal ; Chickens/genetics ; Chickens/growth & development ; Chickens/metabolism ; Domestication ; Female ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, Thyrotropin/genetics ; Receptors, Thyrotropin/metabolism ; Selective Breeding ; Sexual Maturation ; Thyroid Gland/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Avian Proteins ; Receptors, Thyrotropin
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2167-2
ISSN	1943-2631 ; 0016-6731
ISSN (online)	1943-2631
ISSN	0016-6731
DOI	10.1093/genetics/iyaa050
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Article: Functional Properties of Low-Modulus PMMA Bone Cements Containing Linoleic Acid.

Robo, Céline / Wenner, David / Ubhayasekera, S J Kumari A / Hilborn, Jöns / Öhman-Mägi, Caroline / Persson, Cecilia

Journal of functional biomaterials

2021 Volume 12, Issue 1

Abstract: Acrylic bone cements modified with linoleic acid are a promising low-modulus alternative to traditional high-modulus bone cements. However, several key properties remain unexplored, including the effect of autoclave sterilization and the potential use of ...

Abstract	Acrylic bone cements modified with linoleic acid are a promising low-modulus alternative to traditional high-modulus bone cements. However, several key properties remain unexplored, including the effect of autoclave sterilization and the potential use of low-modulus cements in other applications than vertebral augmentation. In this work, we evaluate the effect of sterilization on the structure and stability of linoleic acid, as well as in the handling properties, glass transition temperature, mechanical properties, and screw augmentation potential of low-modulus cement containing the fatty acid. Neither
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2648525-4
ISSN	2079-4983
ISSN	2079-4983
DOI	10.3390/jfb12010005
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Article ; Online: A Novel Targeted Analysis of Peripheral Steroids by Ultra-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Hyphenated to Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

de Kock, Neil / Acharya, Santosh R / Ubhayasekera, S J Kumari A / Bergquist, Jonas

Scientific reports

2018 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 16993

Abstract: Ultra-performance supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPSFC-MS/MS) is an alternative method for steroid analysis. Continuous development of analytical methodologies for steroid profiling is of major importance in the clinical ... ...

Abstract	Ultra-performance supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPSFC-MS/MS) is an alternative method for steroid analysis. Continuous development of analytical methodologies for steroid profiling is of major importance in the clinical environment to provide useful and more comprehensive data. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify a large number of endogenous steroids from the four major classes (estrogens, androgens, progestogens and corticosteroids) simultaneously within a short analytical time. This novel UPSFC-MS/MS method with electrospray in positive ionisation (ESI+) mode is robust, selective and present sufficiently high sensitivity to profile nineteen steroids in 50 µL human plasma. Under optimised conditions, nineteen different steroids were separated with high efficiency in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The linearity of the method was good with correlation coefficients (R
MeSH term(s)	Adrenal Cortex Hormones/blood ; Androgens/blood ; Calibration ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid/methods ; Estrogens/blood ; Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Progestins/blood ; Reproducibility of Results ; Steroids/blood ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods
Chemical Substances	Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Androgens ; Estrogens ; Progestins ; Steroids
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-018-35007-0
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Article ; Online: Concentrations of canine prostate specific esterase, CPSE, at baseline are associated with the relative size of the prostate at three-year follow-up.

Holst, Bodil S / Carlin, Sofia / Fouriez-Lablée, Virginie / Hanås, Sofia / Ödling, Sofie / Langborg, Liss-Marie / Ubhayasekera, S J Kumari A / Bergquist, Jonas / Rydén, Jesper / Holmroos, Elin / Hansson, Kerstin

BMC veterinary research

2021 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 173

Abstract: Background: Enlargement of the prostate is associated with prostatic diseases in dogs, and an estimation of prostatic size is a central part in the diagnostic workup. Ultrasonography is often the method of choice, but biomarkers constitute an ... ...

Abstract	Background: Enlargement of the prostate is associated with prostatic diseases in dogs, and an estimation of prostatic size is a central part in the diagnostic workup. Ultrasonography is often the method of choice, but biomarkers constitute an alternative. Canine prostate specific esterase (CPSE) shares many characteristics with human prostate specific antigen (PSA) and is related to prostate size. In men with clinical symptoms of prostatic disease, PSA concentrations are related to prostate growth. The aims of the present follow-up study were to evaluate if the concentration of CPSE is associated with future growth of the prostate, and if analysis of a panel of 16 steroids gives further information on prostatic growth. Owners of dogs included in a previous study were 3 years later contacted for a follow-up study that included an interview and a clinical examination. The prostate was examined by ultrasonography. Serum concentrations of CPSE were measured, as was a panel of steroids. Results: Of the 79 dogs included at baseline, owners of 77 dogs (97%) were reached for an interview, and 22 were available for a follow-up examination. Six of the 79 dogs had clinical signs of prostatic disease at baseline, and eight of the remaining 73 dogs (11%) developed clinical signs between baseline and follow-up, information was lacking for two dogs. Development of clinical signs was significantly more common in dogs with a relative prostate size of ≥2.5 at baseline (n = 20) than in dogs with smaller prostates (n = 51). Serum concentrations of CPSE at baseline were not associated with the change in prostatic size between baseline and follow-up. Serum concentrations of CPSE at baseline and at follow-up were positively associated with the relative prostatic size (S Conclusions: The results support the use of CPSE for estimating present and future prostatic size in dogs ≥4 years, and the clinical usefulness of prostatic size for predicting development of clinical signs of prostatic disease in the dog. The association between corticosteroids and prostate growth warrants further investigation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biomarkers/blood ; Dog Diseases/diagnosis ; Dog Diseases/enzymology ; Dogs ; Esterases/blood ; Follow-Up Studies ; Male ; Prostate/diagnostic imaging ; Prostate/enzymology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnostic imaging ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/enzymology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/veterinary ; Steroids/blood ; Ultrasonography/veterinary
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Steroids ; Esterases (EC 3.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1746-6148
ISSN (online)	1746-6148
DOI	10.1186/s12917-021-02874-1
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Article: Concentrations of canine prostate specific esterase, CPSE, at baseline are associated with the relative size of the prostate at three-year follow-up

Holst, Bodil S / Carlin, Sofia / Fouriez-Lablée, Virginie / Hanås, Sofia / Ödling, Sofie / Langborg, Liss-Marie / Ubhayasekera, S. J. Kumari A / Bergquist, Jonas / Rydén, Jesper / Holmroos, Elin / Hansson, Kerstin

BMC veterinary research. 2021 Dec., v. 17, no. 1

2021

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Enlargement of the prostate is associated with prostatic diseases in dogs, and an estimation of prostatic size is a central part in the diagnostic workup. Ultrasonography is often the method of choice, but biomarkers constitute an alternative. ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Enlargement of the prostate is associated with prostatic diseases in dogs, and an estimation of prostatic size is a central part in the diagnostic workup. Ultrasonography is often the method of choice, but biomarkers constitute an alternative. Canine prostate specific esterase (CPSE) shares many characteristics with human prostate specific antigen (PSA) and is related to prostate size. In men with clinical symptoms of prostatic disease, PSA concentrations are related to prostate growth. The aims of the present follow-up study were to evaluate if the concentration of CPSE is associated with future growth of the prostate, and if analysis of a panel of 16 steroids gives further information on prostatic growth. Owners of dogs included in a previous study were 3 years later contacted for a follow-up study that included an interview and a clinical examination. The prostate was examined by ultrasonography. Serum concentrations of CPSE were measured, as was a panel of steroids. RESULTS: Of the 79 dogs included at baseline, owners of 77 dogs (97%) were reached for an interview, and 22 were available for a follow-up examination. Six of the 79 dogs had clinical signs of prostatic disease at baseline, and eight of the remaining 73 dogs (11%) developed clinical signs between baseline and follow-up, information was lacking for two dogs. Development of clinical signs was significantly more common in dogs with a relative prostate size of ≥2.5 at baseline (n = 20) than in dogs with smaller prostates (n = 51). Serum concentrations of CPSE at baseline were not associated with the change in prostatic size between baseline and follow-up. Serum concentrations of CPSE at baseline and at follow-up were positively associated with the relative prostatic size (Sᵣₑₗ) at follow-up. Concentrations of corticosterone (P = 0.024), and the class corticosteroids (P = 0.0035) were positively associated with the difference in Sᵣₑₗ between baseline and follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the use of CPSE for estimating present and future prostatic size in dogs ≥4 years, and the clinical usefulness of prostatic size for predicting development of clinical signs of prostatic disease in the dog. The association between corticosteroids and prostate growth warrants further investigation.
Keywords	biomarkers ; blood serum ; clinical examination ; corticosterone ; dogs ; esterases ; humans ; prostate-specific antigen ; ultrasonography ; veterinary medicine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 173.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ISSN	1746-6148
DOI	10.1186/s12917-021-02874-1
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Article: Simultaneous quantification of imatinib and CGP74588 in human plasma by liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS)

Ubhayasekera, S. J. Kumari A / Warunika Aluthgedara / Bo Ek / Jonas Bergquist

Analytical methods. 2016 Apr. 15, v. 8, no. 15

2016

Abstract: Imatinib mesylate is widely used for the treatment of different types of cancer, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. It is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that binds to the active site of the enzyme inhibiting it. In ... ...

Abstract	Imatinib mesylate is widely used for the treatment of different types of cancer, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. It is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that binds to the active site of the enzyme inhibiting it. In clinical toxicology, a fast and sensitive quantification method for monitoring the imatinib concentration in blood can be very useful for personalized treatments. The aim of this study was to propose an alternative novel analytical method (LC-TOF-MS) for the quantification of intracellular imatinib and its main metabolite in human plasma. The method is simple and fast. It has sufficient sensitivity for the quantification of imatinib and its main metabolite CGP74588 in a smaller volume of plasma. The linearity of the method was evaluated over the range of concentrations (0.02–5 μg mL⁻¹) of imatinib and CGP74588 in human plasma. The correlation coefficients (r²) were close to 1 for both analytes. The limit of quantification was 0.02 μg mL⁻¹ for both imatinib and CGP74588. A number of (>50) chronic myelogenous leukemia patient plasma samples have been analyzed by this method obtaining values ranging from 0.19–4.53 and 0.03–0.84 μg mL⁻¹ for imatinib and CGP74588, respectively. This novel method allows a specific, sensitive and reliable simultaneous determination of intracellular imatinib and CGP74588 in a single chromatographic run, which is suitable for routine clinical practice.
Keywords	active sites ; blood ; chemical species ; enzyme inhibitors ; gastrointestinal neoplasms ; humans ; leukemia ; liquid chromatography ; mass spectrometry ; metabolites ; monitoring ; patients ; toxicology ; tyrosine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-0415
Size	p. 3046-3054.
Publishing place	The Royal Society of Chemistry
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2515210-5
ISSN	1759-9679 ; 1759-9660
ISSN (online)	1759-9679
ISSN	1759-9660
DOI	10.1039/c5ay02807h
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Article ; Online: Motor neuron-like NSC-34 cells as a new model for the study of vitamin D metabolism in the brain.

Almokhtar, Mokhtar / Wikvall, Kjell / Ubhayasekera, S J Kumari A / Bergquist, Jonas / Norlin, Maria

The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology

2016 Volume 158, Page(s) 178–188

Abstract: Vitamin D3 is a pro-hormone, which is sequentially activated by 25- and 1α-hydroxylation to form 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3], respectively. Subsequent inactivation is performed by 24-hydroxylation. These ... ...

Abstract	Vitamin D3 is a pro-hormone, which is sequentially activated by 25- and 1α-hydroxylation to form 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3], respectively. Subsequent inactivation is performed by 24-hydroxylation. These reactions are carried out by a series of CYP450 enzymes. The 25-hydroxylation involves mainly CYP2R1 and CYP27A1, whereas 1α-hydroxylation and 24-hydroxylation are catalyzed by CYP27B1 and CYP24A1, respectively, and are tightly regulated to maintain adequate levels of the active vitamin D hormone, 1α,25(OH)2D3. Altered circulating vitamin D levels, in particular 25(OH)D3, have been linked to several disorders of the nervous system, e.g., schizophrenia and Parkinson disease. However, little is known about the mechanisms of vitamin D actions in the neurons. In this study, we examined vitamin D metabolism and its regulation in a murine motor neuron-like hybrid cell line, NSC-34. We found that these cells express mRNAs for the four major CYP450 enzymes involved in vitamin D activation and inactivation, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) that mediates vitamin D actions. We also found high levels of CYP24A1-dependent 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3] production, that was inhibited by the well-known CYP enzyme inhibitor ketoconazole and by several inhibitors that are more specific for CYP24A1. Furthermore, CYP24A1 mRNA levels in NSC-34 cells were up-regulated by 1α,25(OH)2D3 and its synthetic analogs, EB1089 and tacalcitol. Our results suggest that NSC-34 cells could be a novel model for the studies of neuronal vitamin D metabolism and its mechanism of actions.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics ; Mice ; Motor Neurons/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics ; Vitamin D/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System (9035-51-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1049188-0
ISSN	1879-1220 ; 0960-0760
ISSN (online)	1879-1220
ISSN	0960-0760
DOI	10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.12.010
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Article ; Online: Pregnancy outcome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome in relation to second-trimester testosterone levels.

Valdimarsdottir, Ragnheidur / Wikström, Anna-Karin / Kallak, Theodora Kunovac / Elenis, Evangelia / Axelsson, Ove / Preissl, Hubert / Ubhayasekera, S J Kumari A / Bergquist, Jonas / Poromaa, Inger Sundström

Reproductive biomedicine online

2020 Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 217–225

Abstract: Research question: Do women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have higher testosterone levels during pregnancy and what role does high testosterone play in the development of obstetric complications?: Design: Retrospective cohort study from ... ...

Abstract	Research question: Do women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have higher testosterone levels during pregnancy and what role does high testosterone play in the development of obstetric complications? Design: Retrospective cohort study from Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. The study population consisted of women with PCOS (n = 159) and a comparison group of women without PCOS matched for body mass index (n = 320). Plasma testosterone levels were measured in the early second trimester by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and women with PCOS were grouped into tertiles according to their testosterone levels. Possible associations with obstetric complications, maternal metabolic factors and offspring birth weight were explored by multivariable logistic and linear regression models. Results: Compared with women who do not have PCOS, women with PCOS had higher total testosterone (median 1.94, interquartile range [IQR] 1.21-2.64 versus 1.41, IQR 0.89-1.97; P < 0.001), and free androgen index (median 0.25, IQR 0.15-0.36 versus 0.18, IQR 0.11-0.28; P < 0.001). Women with PCOS who had the highest levels of testosterone had increased risk for preeclampsia, even when adjusted for age, parity, country of birth and smoking (adjusted OR 6.16, 95% CI 1.82 to 20.91). No association was found between high testosterone in women with PCOS and other obstetric complications. Conclusions: Women with PCOS have higher levels of total testosterone and free androgen index during pregnancy than women without PCOS matched for body mass index. Preliminary evidence shows that women with PCOS and the highest maternal testosterone levels in early second trimester had the highest risk of developing preeclampsia. This finding, however, is driven by a limited number of cases and should be interpreted with caution.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/blood ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications ; Pre-Eclampsia/blood ; Pre-Eclampsia/etiology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second/blood ; Retrospective Studies ; Testosterone/blood
Chemical Substances	Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2113823-0
ISSN	1472-6491 ; 1472-6483
ISSN (online)	1472-6491
ISSN	1472-6483
DOI	10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.09.019
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