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Article: Validation of Selected Head and Neck Cancer Prognostic Markers from the Pathology Atlas in an Oral Tongue Cancer Cohort.

Wirsing, Anna Maria / Bjerkli, Inger-Heidi / Steigen, Sonja Eriksson / Rikardsen, Oddveig / Magnussen, Synnøve Norvoll / Hegge, Beate / Seppola, Marit / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Hadler-Olsen, Elin

Cancers

2021 Volume 13, Issue 10

Abstract: The Pathology Atlas is an open-access database that reports the prognostic value of protein-coding transcripts in 17 cancers, including head and neck cancer. However, cancers of the various head and neck anatomical sites are specific biological entities. ...

Abstract	The Pathology Atlas is an open-access database that reports the prognostic value of protein-coding transcripts in 17 cancers, including head and neck cancer. However, cancers of the various head and neck anatomical sites are specific biological entities. Thus, the aim of the present study was to validate promising prognostic markers for head and neck cancer reported in the Pathology Atlas in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). We selected three promising markers from the Pathology Atlas (
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers13102387
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Article ; Online: The anticancer activity of lytic peptides is inhibited by heparan sulfate on the surface of the tumor cells

Rekdal Øystein / Fadnes Bodil / Uhlin-Hansen Lars

BMC Cancer, Vol 9, Iss 1, p

2009 Volume 183

Abstract: Abstract Background Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) with antitumor activity constitute a promising group of novel anticancer agents. These peptides induce lysis of cancer cells through interactions with the plasma membrane. It is not known which ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) with antitumor activity constitute a promising group of novel anticancer agents. These peptides induce lysis of cancer cells through interactions with the plasma membrane. It is not known which cancer cell membrane components influence their susceptibility to CAPs. We have previously shown that CAPs interact with the two glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), which are present on the surface of most cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the two GAGs in the cytotoxic activity of CAPs. Methods Various cell lines, expressing different levels of cell surface GAGs, were exposed to bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) and the designer peptide, KW5. The cytotoxic effect of the peptides was investigated by use of the colorimetric MTT viability assay. The cytotoxic effect on wild type CHO cells, expressing normal amounts of GAGs on the cell surface, and the mutant pgsA-745, that has no expression of GAGs on the cell surface, was also investigated. Results We show that cells not expressing HS were more susceptible to CAPs than cells expressing HS at the cell surface. Further, exogenously added heparin inhibited the cytotoxic effect of the peptides. Chondroitin sulfate had no effect on the cytotoxic activity of KW5 and only minor effects on LfcinB cytotoxicity. Conclusion Our results show for the first time that negatively charged molecules at the surface of cancer cells inhibit the cytotoxic activity of CAPs. Our results indicate that HS at the surface of cancer cells sequesters CAPs away from the phospholipid bilayer and thereby impede their ability to induce cytolysis.
Keywords	Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Oncology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BioMed Central
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Presence of tumour high-endothelial venules is an independent positive prognostic factor and stratifies patients with advanced-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Wirsing, Anna M / Rikardsen, Oddveig G / Steigen, Sonja E / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Hadler-Olsen, Elin

Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine

2016 Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 2449–2459

Abstract: Staging of oral squamous cell carcinoma is based on the tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) system, which has been deemed insufficient for prognostic purposes. Hence, better prognostic tools are needed to reflect the biological diversity of these cancers. ... ...

Abstract	Staging of oral squamous cell carcinoma is based on the tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) system, which has been deemed insufficient for prognostic purposes. Hence, better prognostic tools are needed to reflect the biological diversity of these cancers. Previously, high numbers of specialized blood vessels called high-endothelial venules have been reported to be associated with prolonged survival in patients with breast cancer. In this study, we analysed the prognostic value and morphological characteristics of tumour-associated high-endothelial venules in oral cancer. The presence of tumour-associated high-endothelial venules was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 75 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and analysed with correlation to clinicopathological parameters, patients' survival and vessel morphology. Ten of the samples were analysed at multiple levels to evaluate intratumoural heterogeneity. The presence of tumour-associated high-endothelial venules was found to be associated with lower disease-specific death in multivariate regression analyses (P = 0.002). High-endothelial venules were present in all (n = 53) T1-T2 tumours, but only in two thirds (n = 14) of the T3-T4 tumours. The morphology of high-endothelial venules was heterogeneous and correlated with lymphocyte density. High-endothelial venules were found to be distributed homogeneously within the tumours. We found the presence of tumour-associated high-endothelial venules to be an easy-to-use, robust, and independent positive prognostic factor for patients with oral cancer. Absence of these vessels in advanced-stage tumours might identify patients with more aggressive disease. Evaluating the presence of tumour-associated high-endothelial venules might help to tailor the treatment of oral cancer patients to their individual needs.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood supply ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endothelium, Vascular/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry/methods ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms/blood supply ; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoplasm Staging/methods ; Prognosis ; Venules/pathology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605825-5
ISSN	1423-0380 ; 0289-5447 ; 1010-4283
ISSN (online)	1423-0380
ISSN	0289-5447 ; 1010-4283
DOI	10.1007/s13277-015-4036-4
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Article ; Online: Presence of high-endothelial venules correlates with a favorable immune microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Wirsing, Anna Maria / Ervik, Ida Korsnes / Seppola, Marit / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Steigen, Sonja Eriksson / Hadler-Olsen, Elin

Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc

2018 Volume 31, Issue 6, Page(s) 910–922

Abstract: Oral squamous cell carcinomas are associated with a poor prognosis, which may be partly due to functional impairment of the immune response. Lymphocyte recruitment to the tumor site is facilitated by high-endothelial venules, whereas expression of ... ...

Abstract	Oral squamous cell carcinomas are associated with a poor prognosis, which may be partly due to functional impairment of the immune response. Lymphocyte recruitment to the tumor site is facilitated by high-endothelial venules, whereas expression of programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) can impair T-cell function. Thus, we hypothesize that these factors are important in shaping the immune response in oral squamous cell carcinoma. In the present study, we characterized the immune infiltrate in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 75 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. We used immunohistochemistry to determine the distribution of immune cell subsets, high-endothelial venules, and PD-L1, as well as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to assess the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines associated with lymphocyte trafficking. Finally, we calculated correlations between the presence of immune cell subsets, the gene expression patterns, high-endothelial venules, PD-L1, and the clinicopathological parameters, including patient survival. The presence of high-endothelial venules correlated with increased number of CD3+ T cells and CD20+ B cells, higher levels of the chemokines CXCL12 and CCL21, and lower levels of CCL20, irrespective of the tumors' T stage. In univariate analysis, high levels of CD20+ B cells and CD68+ macrophages, positive high-endothelial venule status, and low T and N stages predicted longer patient survival. However, only the presence of high-endothelial venules and a low T stage were independent positive prognosticators. This indicates that high-endothelial venules are important mediators and a convenient marker of an antitumor immune response in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Our findings suggest that these vessels are a potential immunomodulatory target in this type of cancer. PD-L1 staining in tumor cells correlated with lower T stage, increased infiltration of CD4+ cells, and higher expression of several inflammation-related cytokines. Thus, oral squamous cell carcinomas rich in CD4+ cells may preferentially respond to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy.
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology ; Endothelial Cells/immunology ; Endothelial Cells/pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mouth Neoplasms/immunology ; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology ; Venules/immunology ; Venules/pathology
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645073-8
ISSN	1530-0285 ; 0893-3952
ISSN (online)	1530-0285
ISSN	0893-3952
DOI	10.1038/s41379-018-0019-5
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Article ; Online: Small lytic peptides escape the inhibitory effect of heparan sulfate on the surface of cancer cells

Lindin Inger / Uhlin-Hansen Lars / Fadnes Bodil / Rekdal Øystein

BMC Cancer, Vol 11, Iss 1, p

2011 Volume 116

Abstract: Abstract Background Several naturally occurring cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs), including bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB), display promising anticancer activities. These peptides are unaffected by multidrug resistance mechanisms and have been shown ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Several naturally occurring cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs), including bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB), display promising anticancer activities. These peptides are unaffected by multidrug resistance mechanisms and have been shown to induce a protective immune response against solid tumors, thus making them interesting candidates for developing novel lead structures for anticancer treatment. Recently, we showed that the anticancer activity by LfcinB was inhibited by the presence of heparan sulfate (HS) on the surface of tumor cells. Based on extensive structure-activity relationship studies performed on LfcinB, shorter and more potent peptides have been constructed. In the present study, we have investigated the anticancer activity of three chemically modified 9-mer peptides and the influence of HS and chondroitin sulfate (CS) on their cytotoxic activity. Methods Various cell lines and red blood cells were used to investigate the anticancer activity and selectivity of the peptides. The cytotoxic effect of the peptides against the different cell lines was measured by use of a colorimetric MTT viability assay. The influence of HS and CS on their cytotoxic activity was evaluated by using HS/CS expressing and HS/CS deficient cell lines. The ability of soluble HS and CS to inhibit the cytotoxic activity of the peptides and the peptides' affinity for HS and CS were also investigated. Results The 9-mer peptides displayed selective anticancer activity. Cells expressing HS/CS were equally or more susceptible to the peptides than cells not expressing HS/CS. The peptides displayed a higher affinity for HS compared to CS, and exogenously added HS inhibited the cytotoxic effect of the peptides. Conclusions In contrast to the previously reported inhibitory effect of HS on LfcinB, the present study shows that the cytotoxic activity of small lytic peptides was increased or not affected by cell surface HS.
Keywords	Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Oncology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BioMed Central
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Tumor budding score predicts lymph node status in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma and should be included in the pathology report.

Bjerkli, Inger-Heidi / Laurvik, Helene / Nginamau, Elisabeth Sivy / Søland, Tine M / Costea, Daniela / Hov, Håkon / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Hadler-Olsen, Elin / Steigen, Sonja E

PloS one

2020 Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e0239783

Abstract: Background: The majority of oral cavity cancers arise in the oral tongue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor budding in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, both as a separate variable and in combination with depth of ... ...

Abstract	Background: The majority of oral cavity cancers arise in the oral tongue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor budding in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, both as a separate variable and in combination with depth of invasion. We also assessed the prognostic impact of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer's TNM classification (TNM8), where depth of invasion (DOI) supplements diameter in the tumor size (T) categorization. Methods: Patients diagnosed with primary oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma were evaluated retrospectively. Spearman bivariate correlation analyses with bootstrapping were used to identify correlation between variables. Prognostic value of clinical and histopathological variables was assessed by Log rank and Cox regression analyses with bootstrapping using 5-year disease specific survival as outcome. The significance level for the hypothesis test was 0.05. Results: One-hundred and fifty patients had available material for microscopic evaluation on Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained slides and were included in the analyses. Reclassification of tumors according to TNM8 caused a shift towards a higher T status compared to the previous classification. The tumor budding score was associated with lymph node metastases where 23% of the patients with low-budding tumors had lymph node metastases, compared with 43% of those with high-budding tumors. T-status, lymph node status, tumor budding, depth of invasion, and the combined tumor budding/depth of invasion score were all significantly associated with survival in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses only N-status was an independent prognosticator of survival. Conclusion: Reclassification according to TNM8 shifted many tumors to a higher T-status, and also increased the prognostic value of the T-status. This supports the implementation of depth of invasion to the T-categorization in TNM8. Tumor budding correlated with lymph node metastases and survival. Therefore, information on tumor budding can aid clinicians in treatment planning and should be included in pathology reports of oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/classification ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Tongue Neoplasms/classification ; Tongue Neoplasms/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0239783
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Article ; Online: Characteristics and prognosis of primary treatment-naïve oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in Norway, a descriptive retrospective study.

Bjerkli, Inger-Heidi / Jetlund, Olav / Karevold, Gunnhild / Karlsdóttir, Ása / Jaatun, Ellen / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Rikardsen, Oddveig G / Hadler-Olsen, Elin / Steigen, Sonja E

PloS one

2020 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) e0227738

Abstract: Objectives: Incidence of oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas is rising worldwide, and population characterization is important to follow for future trends. The aim of this retrospective study was to present a large cohort of primary oral cavity ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Incidence of oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas is rising worldwide, and population characterization is important to follow for future trends. The aim of this retrospective study was to present a large cohort of primary oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma from all four health regions of Norway, with descriptive clinicopathological characteristics and five-year survival outcomes. Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed with primary treatment-naïve oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas at all four university hospitals in Norway between 2005-2009 were retrospectively included in this study. Clinicopathological data from the electronic health records were compared to survival data. Results: A total of 535 patients with primary treatment-naïve oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas were identified. The median survival follow-up time was 48 months (range 0-125 months) after treatment. The median five-year overall survival was found to be 47%. Median five-year disease-specific survival was 52%, ranging from 80% for stage I to 33% for stage IV patients. For patients given treatment with curative intent, the overall survival was found to be 56% and disease-specific survival 62%. Median age at diagnosis was 67 years (range 24-101 years), 64 years for men and 72 years for women. The male: female ratio was 1.2. No gender difference was found in neither tumor status (p = 0.180) nor node status (p = 0.266), but both factors influenced significantly on survival (p<0.001 for both). Conclusions: We present a large cohort of primary treatment-naïve oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas in Norway. Five-year disease-specific survival was 52%, and patients eligible for curative treatment had a five-year disease-specific survival up to 62%.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa/pathology ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery ; Mouth Neoplasms/mortality ; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology ; Mouth Neoplasms/therapy ; Neck Dissection ; Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Norway/epidemiology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/mortality ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/pathology ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/therapy ; Survival Analysis ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0227738
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Loss of S100A14 expression at the tumor-invading front correlates with poor differentiation and worse prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Pandey, Sushma / Osman, Tarig A / Sharma, Sunita / Vallenari, Evan M / Shahdadfar, Aboulghassem / Pun, Chin B / Gautam, Dej K / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Rikardsen, Oddveig / Johannessen, Anne C / Costea, Daniela E / Sapkota, Dipak

Head & neck

2020 Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 2088–2098

Abstract: Background: We previously showed a tumor-suppressive function of S100A14 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to examine the prognostic significance and differentiation-related function of S100A14 in OSCC.: Methods: S100A14 ... ...

Abstract	Background: We previously showed a tumor-suppressive function of S100A14 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to examine the prognostic significance and differentiation-related function of S100A14 in OSCC. Methods: S100A14 expression was examined in 170 OSCCs from Norwegian and Nepalese populations using immunohistochemistry. Pro-differentiation function was investigated by overexpressing and silencing S100A14 expression in OSCC-derived cells. External transcriptomic datasets were used to validate association between S100A14 and differentiation markers in OSCC. Result: Loss of S100A14 expression at the invading tumor fronts significantly correlated with poor differentiation and reduced 10-years survival of OSCC-patients. Multivariate Cox analysis identified S100A14 to be an independent prognostic factor. Modulation of S100A14 expression in OSCC-derived cells positively correlated with the expression of differentiation markers. Analysis of external datasets supported the pro-differentiation function of S100A14. Conclusion: These results indicate that S100A14 is a pro-differentiation protein and its expression might be useful as a prognostic marker in OSCC.
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms/genetics ; Prognosis ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; S100A14 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	645165-2
ISSN	1097-0347 ; 0148-6403 ; 1043-3074
ISSN (online)	1097-0347
ISSN	0148-6403 ; 1043-3074
DOI	10.1002/hed.26140
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Article ; Online: A combined histo-score based on tumor differentiation and lymphocytic infiltrate is a robust prognostic marker for mobile tongue cancer.

Bjerkli, Inger-Heidi / Hadler-Olsen, Elin / Nginamau, Elisabeth Sivy / Laurvik, Helene / Søland, Tine M / Costea, Daniela Elena / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Steigen, Sonja E

Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology

2020 Volume 477, Issue 6, Page(s) 865–872

Abstract: We wanted to evaluate the prognostic value of common histopathological variables in a large cohort of patients with cancer in the mobile tongue as such information can be important for treatment stratification of the individual patient, especially for ... ...

Abstract	We wanted to evaluate the prognostic value of common histopathological variables in a large cohort of patients with cancer in the mobile tongue as such information can be important for treatment stratification of the individual patient, especially for patients with low-stage disease. In addition, we wanted to investigate whether an alternative scoring model with fewer options would compromise the prognostic value. One hundred fifty patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas that were treated in curative intent and with available HE-stained tumor sections were included. We reclassified all tumors and performed univariate and multivariate survival analyses of histopathological and clinical variables. For the complete cohort, lymph node status, grade of differentiation, perineural infiltration, and lymphocytic infiltration were independent prognosticators. In the low-stage disease group, independent prognostic factors were tumor size, grade of differentiation, and lymphocytic infiltrate. For patients with low-stage disease, a histo-score combining the scores for tumor differentiation and lymphocytic infiltrate identified a group of patients with particularly low survival, as patients with moderately or poorly differentiated tumors and little lymphocytic infiltrate had a less favorable 5-year survival outcome than patients in the high-stage disease group. This study shows that a histo-score combining tumor differentiation and lymphocytic infiltration should be given special consideration in treatment planning. Our results also illustrate that many variables can be scored with fewer options than previously suggested to increase their reproducibility, and still maintain their prognostic value.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/immunology ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/mortality ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/pathology ; Tongue Neoplasms/immunology ; Tongue Neoplasms/mortality ; Tongue Neoplasms/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-30
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1184867-4
ISSN	1432-2307 ; 0945-6317
ISSN (online)	1432-2307
ISSN	0945-6317
DOI	10.1007/s00428-020-02875-9
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Article ; Online: Grading of oral squamous cell carcinomas - Intra and interrater agreeability: Simpler is better?

Steigen, Sonja E / Søland, Tine M / Nginamau, Elisabeth Sivy / Laurvik, Helene / Costea, Daniela-Elena / Johannessen, Anne Christine / Jebsen, Peter / Bjerkli, Inger-Heidi / Uhlin-Hansen, Lars / Hadler-Olsen, Elin

Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology

2020 Volume 49, Issue 7, Page(s) 630–635

Abstract: Background: Numerous studies have been presented on histological grading of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) for predicting survival, but uncertainty of their usefulness rises due to discordances of results. A scoring system should be robust and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Numerous studies have been presented on histological grading of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) for predicting survival, but uncertainty of their usefulness rises due to discordances of results. A scoring system should be robust and well validated, and intra- and interrater agreement can be used as a tool to visualize the strength of reproducibility. Methods: Here, we present an intra- and inter-observer study on evaluation of OSCC using some of the most common histopathological parameters. The observers were from different Norwegian university hospitals, and calibration to ensure accuracy was first performed. Percentage of the agreement was calculated for the score made by the individual observer at different times, as well as between pairs of observers. Results: The evaluation made by the same observer at two different time points (intrarater) correlated better than observations made by different participants (interrater). In an attempt to increase the rate of agreement, many of the parameters were either dichotomized into simply low- and high grade, or to a three-tier system when more than three options in the original design. This increased the concurrence with 15.4% for the intrarater and with 23% for the interrater comparisons. Conclusion: High agreement for histopathological parameters can be difficult to obtain on hematoxylin and eosin staining in scoring systems with many options. A simpler system might be more advantageous to achieve higher degree of reproducibility.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasm Grading ; Observer Variation ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-19
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1021270-x
ISSN	1600-0714 ; 0904-2512
ISSN (online)	1600-0714
ISSN	0904-2512
DOI	10.1111/jop.12990
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