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  1. Article ; Online: Association between social isolation and loneliness with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Japan: a nationwide cross-sectional internet survey.

    Ukai, Tomohiko / Tabuchi, Takahiro

    BMJ open

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 11, Page(s) e073008

    Abstract: Objectives: We examined the association between social isolation and loneliness, increasingly recognised but neglected social determinants of health, with being unvaccinated against COVID-19.: Design: This was a cross-sectional study.: Setting and ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: We examined the association between social isolation and loneliness, increasingly recognised but neglected social determinants of health, with being unvaccinated against COVID-19.
    Design: This was a cross-sectional study.
    Setting and participants: A representative cohort of 22 756 individuals (aged 15-81 years) from the general Japanese population who responded to both the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey 2021 and Japan Society and New Tobacco Internet Survey 2022.
    Primary and secondary outcome measures: We calculated the ORs of remaining unvaccinated against COVID-19 in 2022, attributable to social isolation as assessed by the Lubben Social Network Scale, or loneliness as evaluated by the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale version 3. Reasons for abstaining from vaccination were solicited from the unvaccinated respondents. A multivariable logistic regression model was conducted with adjustments for demographic variables. Propensity score-matched comparisons were conducted as part of the sensitivity analysis.
    Results: Individuals with social isolation were more likely to be unvaccinated (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.60), while individuals with loneliness were not (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.05). Socially isolated individuals were significantly less likely to receive information from people who had been vaccinated (11% vs 15%) and less likely not to trust the vaccine approval process (19% vs 27%) compared with those who were not socially isolated.
    Conclusions: Despite not harbouring negative perceptions of the vaccine, socially isolated individuals exhibited lower rates of COVID-19 vaccination. Socially isolated individuals are important targets to reach to increase the number of vaccinated individuals.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Loneliness ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Japan/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Social Isolation ; Internet
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The impact of spousal behavior changes on smoking, drinking and physical activity: The longitudinal survey of middle-aged and elderly persons in Japan.

    Ukai, Tomohiko / Tabuchi, Takahiro / Iso, Hiroyasu

    Preventive medicine

    2022  Volume 164, Page(s) 107293

    Abstract: The purpose of this study is to assess how one spouse's behavior change can influence their partner's successful behavior changes in smoking, drinking and physical activity. We used data from 10-wave prospective annual surveys of 9417 married couples ( ... ...

    Abstract The purpose of this study is to assess how one spouse's behavior change can influence their partner's successful behavior changes in smoking, drinking and physical activity. We used data from 10-wave prospective annual surveys of 9417 married couples (discrete-time person-years = 118,876) aged 50-59 years in the Longitudinal Survey of Middle-aged and Elderly Persons in Japan. A logistic generalized estimating equation model with discrete-time design was used among individuals who smoked at baseline to examine the impact of their spouse's health behaviors (i.e. quit smoking, stable non-smoker, or started smoking in reference to stable smoker) on changes in their own behavior (quitting smoking) which lasted one year or more. Similarly, reducing alcohol intake and starting physical activity were individually analyzed. Partners of spouses who had quit smoking had higher odds of quitting smoking themselves than partners of spouses who were stable smokers. The multivariable odds ratios[95%CI] in men and women were 1.94[1.23-3.07] and 2.89[1.81-4.52]. An association was found in partners of spouses who had been stable non-smokers (OR:1.64[1.33-2.03] and 2.20[1.66-2.94]), but not after spouses had started smoking (OR:1.29[0.71-2.36] and 1.27[0.54-2.99]). Similar associations were found for reducing alcohol intake and starting physical activity although for physical activity, the association was still found after the spouse had become physically inactive. Couples affect each other's health behaviors. Both male and female participants had higher odds of adopting positive health behavior changes if these changes had previously been made by their spouse.
    MeSH term(s) Middle Aged ; Aged ; Female ; Male ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Japan ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Spouses ; Exercise ; Longitudinal Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184600-0
    ISSN 1096-0260 ; 0091-7435
    ISSN (online) 1096-0260
    ISSN 0091-7435
    DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107293
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Response to eLetter.

    Ukai, Tomohiko / Iso, Hiroyasu

    Heart (British Cardiac Society)

    2020  Volume 106, Issue 17, Page(s) 1365–1366

    MeSH term(s) Coronary Disease ; Humans ; Self Care ; Stroke
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1303417-0
    ISSN 1468-201X ; 1355-6037
    ISSN (online) 1468-201X
    ISSN 1355-6037
    DOI 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317122
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Predictors of hospital mortality and multidrug-resistant pathogens in hospitalized pneumonia patients residing in the community.

    Ukai, Tomohiko / Maruyama, Takaya / Tomioka, Shinichi / Fukui, Takumi / Matsuda, Shinya / Fushimi, Kiyohide / Iso, Hiroyasu

    Heliyon

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 12, Page(s) e22303

    Abstract: Background and objective: The 2019 ATS/ADSA guidelines for adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) eliminated healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) and considered it to be a form of CAP. This concept, however, was based on studies with relatively ... ...

    Abstract Background and objective: The 2019 ATS/ADSA guidelines for adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) eliminated healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) and considered it to be a form of CAP. This concept, however, was based on studies with relatively small sample sizes.
    Methods: We investigated the risk factors of 30-day mortality, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and
    Results: A total of 272,337 patients aged ≥20 years with pneumonia were grouped into 145,082 CAP patients and 127,255 HCAP patients. The 30-day mortality rate (8.9 % vs.3.3 %), MRSA infection (2.4 % vs. 1.4 %), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection (1.6 % vs. 1.0 %) were significantly higher in HCAP than in CAP patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that 12 of 13 identified predictors of mortality (i.e., high age, male, underweight, non-ambulatory status, bedsore, dehydration, respiratory failure, consciousness disturbance, hypotension, admitted in critical care, comorbidity of heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) were identical in CAP and HCAP patients. Similarly, five of six distinct risk factors for MRSA infection, and three of three for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection were identical between the patients.
    Conclusion: The risk factors for mortality and MRSA or
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22303
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Resurgence of syphilis in 2022 amongst heterosexual men and women in Osaka, Japan.

    Ukai, Tomohiko / Kakimoto, Kensaku / Kawahata, Takuya / Miyama, Takeshi / Iritani, Nobuhiro / Motomura, Kazushi

    Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

    2022  Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 396–397

    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Female ; Syphilis/microbiology ; Heterosexuality ; Japan
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1328418-6
    ISSN 1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    ISSN (online) 1469-0691
    ISSN 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.11.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Exploring the threshold for the start of respiratory syncytial virus infection epidemic season using sentinel surveillance data in Japan.

    Miyama, Takeshi / Kakimoto, Kensaku / Iritani, Nobuhiro / Nishio, Takayuki / Ukai, Tomohiko / Satsuki, Yuka / Yamanaka, Yasutaka / Nishida, Yoko / Shintani, Ayumi / Motomura, Kazushi

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1062726

    Abstract: Introduction: An unusual seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in Japan is observed in recent years after 2017, becoming challenging to prepare for: a seasonal shift from autumn-winter to summer-autumn in 2017-2019, no major ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: An unusual seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in Japan is observed in recent years after 2017, becoming challenging to prepare for: a seasonal shift from autumn-winter to summer-autumn in 2017-2019, no major epidemic in 2020, and an unusually high number of cases reported in 2021.
    Methods: To early detect the start-timing of epidemic season, we explored the reference threshold for the start-timing of the epidemic period based on the number of cases per sentinel (CPS, a widely used indicator in Japanese surveillance system), using a relative operating characteristic curve analysis (with the epidemic period defined by effective reproduction number).
    Results: The reference values of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Osaka, and Aichi Prefectures were 0.41, 0.39, 0.42, and 0.24, respectively.
    Discussion: The reference CPS value could be a valuable indicator for detecting the RSV epidemic and may contribute to the planned introduction of monoclonal antibody against RSV to prevent severe outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/diagnosis ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; Seasons ; Japan/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1062726
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: The roles of activated protein C in experimental trauma models.

    Gando, Satoshi / Mayumi, Toshihiko / Ukai, Tomohiko

    Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi

    2018  Volume 21, Issue 6, Page(s) 311–315

    Abstract: Trauma-induced coagulopathy is classified into primary and secondary coagulopathy, with the former elicited by trauma and traumatic shock itself and the latter being acquired coagulopathy induced by anemia, hypothermia, acidosis, and dilution. Primary ... ...

    Abstract Trauma-induced coagulopathy is classified into primary and secondary coagulopathy, with the former elicited by trauma and traumatic shock itself and the latter being acquired coagulopathy induced by anemia, hypothermia, acidosis, and dilution. Primary coagulopathy consists of disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute coagulopathy of trauma shock (ACOTS). The pathophysiology of ACOTS is the suppression of thrombin generation and neutralization of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mediated by activated protein C that leads to hypocoagulation and hyperfibrinolysis in the circulation. This review tried to clarify the validity of activated protein C hypothesis that constitutes the main pathophysiology of the ACOTS in experimental trauma models.
    MeSH term(s) Acute Disease ; Animals ; Blood Coagulation Disorders/etiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/etiology ; Humans ; Mice ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Protein C/physiology ; Thrombin ; Wounds and Injuries/complications
    Chemical Substances Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Protein C ; Thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-11
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2276839-7
    ISSN 1008-1275
    ISSN 1008-1275
    DOI 10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.07.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Activated protein C plays no major roles in the inhibition of coagulation or increased fibrinolysis in acute coagulopathy of trauma-shock: a systematic review.

    Gando, Satoshi / Mayumi, Toshihiko / Ukai, Tomohiko

    Thrombosis journal

    2018  Volume 16, Page(s) 13

    Abstract: Background: The pathophysiological mechanisms of acute coagulopathy of trauma-shock (ACOTS) are reported to include activated protein C-mediated suppression of thrombin generation via the proteolytic inactivation of activated Factor V (FVa) and FVIIIa; ... ...

    Abstract Background: The pathophysiological mechanisms of acute coagulopathy of trauma-shock (ACOTS) are reported to include activated protein C-mediated suppression of thrombin generation via the proteolytic inactivation of activated Factor V (FVa) and FVIIIa; an increased fibrinolysis via neutralization of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) by activated protein C. The aims of this study are to review the evidences for the role of activated protein C in thrombin generation and fibrinolysis and to validate the diagnosis of ACOTS based on the activated protein C dynamics.
    Methods: We conducted systematic literature search (2007-2017) using PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Clinical studies on trauma that measured activated protein C or the circulating levels of activated protein C-related coagulation and fibrinolysis markers were included in our study.
    Results: Out of 7613 studies, 17 clinical studies met the inclusion criteria. The levels of activated protein C in ACOTS were inconsistently decreased, showed no change, or were increased in comparison to the control groups. Irrespective of the activated protein C levels, thrombin generation was always preserved or highly elevated. There was no report on the activated protein C-mediated neutralization of PAI-1 with increased fibrinolysis. No included studies used unified diagnostic criteria to diagnose ACOTS and those studies also used different terms to refer to the condition known as ACOTS.
    Conclusions: None of the studies showed direct cause and effect relationships between activated protein C and the suppression of coagulation and increased fibrinolysis. No definitive diagnostic criteria or unified terminology have been established for ACOTS based on the activated protein C dynamics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2118392-2
    ISSN 1477-9560
    ISSN 1477-9560
    DOI 10.1186/s12959-018-0167-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Response to Re: Tokyo Guidelines 2018: antimicrobial therapy for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis.

    Gomi, Harumi / Okamoto, Kohji / Ukai, Tomohiko / Takada, Tadahiro

    Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences

    2018  Volume 25, Issue 6, Page(s) E6

    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Cholangitis ; Cholecystitis ; Humans ; Tokyo
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-07
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2536236-7
    ISSN 1868-6982 ; 1868-6974
    ISSN (online) 1868-6982
    ISSN 1868-6974
    DOI 10.1002/jhbp.560
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  10. Article ; Online: Effectiveness of monthly and bimonthly follow-up of patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes: a propensity score matched cohort study.

    Ukai, Tomohiko / Ichikawa, Shuhei / Sekimoto, Miho / Shikata, Satoru / Takemura, Yousuke

    BMC endocrine disorders

    2019  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 43

    Abstract: Background: On average, patients in Japan with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a clinical consultation every month, although evidence for a favorable follow-up interval is lacking. This study investigated whether the follow-up interval can be extended by ... ...

    Abstract Background: On average, patients in Japan with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a clinical consultation every month, although evidence for a favorable follow-up interval is lacking. This study investigated whether the follow-up interval can be extended by comparing the clinical outcomes and cost for monthly versus bimonthly follow-up of patients with well-controlled diabetes mellitus.
    Methods: We combined administrative claims data from the National Health Insurance and the Health Checkups Program data of Tsu city, Japan between 2011 and 2014 to conduct a retrospective cohort study of patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Propensity scores were used to assemble a matched-pairs cohort from patients who had monthly and bimonthly follow-up. Equivalence between two groups was assessed by designating the proportion of patients who maintained good control of their diabetes in the subsequent year as a primary outcome. The proportion achieving target blood pressure and lipid levels, favorable lifestyle, and annual cost were compared as secondary outcomes.
    Results: Of 12,145 participants, 693 with monthly follow-up and 693 with bimonthly follow-up were matched using propensity scores. In the monthly follow-up group 654 (94.4%) remained under good diabetic control, versus 658 (95.0%) in the bimonthly group (difference: 0.6%; 95% confidence interval: - 1.8 to 2.9%). All secondary outcomes were equivalent for the monthly and bimonthly follow-up groups except the proportion achieving target blood pressure, the proportion engaging in regular exercise, and annual cost.
    Conclusions: For patients with well-controlled diabetes mellitus, although frequent follow-up by a physician does not affect the control of blood glucose level in the subsequent year, the annual treatment cost becomes much higher. We suggest that patients with well-controlled diabetes can be followed up less often.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Blood Pressure ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/economics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Japan ; Male ; Monitoring, Physiologic/methods ; Prognosis ; Propensity Score ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Blood Glucose ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; hemoglobin A1c protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2091323-0
    ISSN 1472-6823 ; 1472-6823
    ISSN (online) 1472-6823
    ISSN 1472-6823
    DOI 10.1186/s12902-019-0372-5
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