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  1. Article ; Online: Unusual glycogenic hepatopathy causing abnormal liver enzymes in a morbidly obese adolescent with well-controlled type 2 diabetes: resolved after A1c was normalized by metformin.

    Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan

    Clinical obesity

    2016  Volume 6, Issue 4, Page(s) 281–284

    Abstract: We report, for the first time, a case of an accumulation of glycogen in the liver causing elevation of liver enzymes in a 15-year-old morbidly obese adolescent male with well-controlled type 2 diabetes. Notably, the patient did not have poorly controlled ...

    Abstract We report, for the first time, a case of an accumulation of glycogen in the liver causing elevation of liver enzymes in a 15-year-old morbidly obese adolescent male with well-controlled type 2 diabetes. Notably, the patient did not have poorly controlled type 1 diabetes and did not require insulin. After normalization of the A1c with metformin, elevated liver enzymes returned to normal.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/metabolism ; Humans ; Liver Diseases/enzymology ; Male ; Metformin/administration & dosage ; Metformin/therapeutic use ; Obesity, Morbid/blood ; Obesity, Morbid/pathology
    Chemical Substances Glycated Hemoglobin A ; hemoglobin A1c protein, human ; Metformin (9100L32L2N)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2625816-X
    ISSN 1758-8111 ; 1758-8103
    ISSN (online) 1758-8111
    ISSN 1758-8103
    DOI 10.1111/cob.12154
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  2. Article ; Online: A global blockchain for recording high rates of COVID-19 vaccinations.

    Medina, Jorge / Rojas-Cessa, Roberto / Dong, Ziqian / Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan

    Computers in biology and medicine

    2023  Volume 163, Page(s) 107074

    Abstract: Blockchain has been recently proposed to securely record vaccinations against COVID-19 and manage their verification. However, existing solutions may not fully meet the requirements of a global vaccination management system. These requirements include ... ...

    Abstract Blockchain has been recently proposed to securely record vaccinations against COVID-19 and manage their verification. However, existing solutions may not fully meet the requirements of a global vaccination management system. These requirements include the scalability required to support a global vaccination campaign, like one against COVID-19, and the capability to facilitate the interoperation between the independent health administrations of different countries. Moreover, access to global statistics can help to control securing community health and provide continuity of care for individuals during a pandemic. In this paper, we propose GEOS, a blockchain-based vaccination management system designed to address the challenges faced by the global vaccination campaign against COVID-19. GEOS offers interoperability between vaccination information systems at both domestic and international levels, supporting high vaccination rates and extensive coverage for the global population. To provide those features, GEOS uses a two-layer blockchain architecture, a simplified byzantine-tolerant consensus algorithm, and the Boneh-Lynn-Shacham signature scheme. We analyze the scalability of GEOS by examining transaction rate and confirmation times, considering factors such as the number of validators, communication overhead, and block size within the blockchain network. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of GEOS in managing COVID-19 vaccination records and statistical data for 236 countries, encompassing crucial information such as daily vaccination rates for highly populous nations and the global vaccination demand, as identified by the World Health Organization.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Blockchain ; COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Algorithms
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 127557-4
    ISSN 1879-0534 ; 0010-4825
    ISSN (online) 1879-0534
    ISSN 0010-4825
    DOI 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107074
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  3. Article ; Online: Reducing COVID-19 Cases and Deaths by Applying Blockchain in Vaccination Rollout Management.

    Medina, Jorge / Cessa-Rojas, Roberto / Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan

    IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology

    2021  Volume 2, Page(s) 249–255

    Abstract: Goal: ...

    Abstract Goal:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2644-1276
    ISSN (online) 2644-1276
    DOI 10.1109/OJEMB.2021.3093774
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  4. Article: Increased Rates of Hospitalized Children with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Central Brooklyn during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

    Miller, Assia / Joseph, Shalu / Badran, Ahmed / Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan / Bargman, Renee / Chin, Vivian L

    International journal of pediatrics

    2023  Volume 2023, Page(s) 4580809

    Abstract: Following reports of increased new-onset diabetes and worse severity of DKA for children with diabetes following SARS-CoV-2 infection, we studied hospitalization rates for children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in our center ... ...

    Abstract Following reports of increased new-onset diabetes and worse severity of DKA for children with diabetes following SARS-CoV-2 infection, we studied hospitalization rates for children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in our center during the citywide shutdown.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-17
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2495026-9
    ISSN 1687-9759 ; 1687-9740
    ISSN (online) 1687-9759
    ISSN 1687-9740
    DOI 10.1155/2023/4580809
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  5. Book ; Online: Reducing COVID-19 Cases and Deaths by Applying Blockchain in Vaccination Rollout Management

    Medina, Jorge / Rojas-Cessa, Roberto / Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan

    2022  

    Abstract: Because a fast vaccination rollout against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is critical to restore daily life and avoid virus mutations, it is tempting to have a relaxed vaccination-administration management system. However, a robust management system ...

    Abstract Because a fast vaccination rollout against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is critical to restore daily life and avoid virus mutations, it is tempting to have a relaxed vaccination-administration management system. However, a robust management system can support the enforcement of preventive measures, and in turn, reduce incidence and deaths. Here, we model a trustable and reliable management system based on blockchain for vaccine distribution by extending the Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovery (SEIR) model. The model includes prevention measures such as mask-wearing, social distance, vaccination rate, and vaccination efficiency. It also considers negative social behavior, such as violations of social distance and attempts of using illegitimate vaccination proofs. By evaluating the model, we show that the proposed system can reduce up to 2.5 million cases and half a million deaths in the most demanding scenarios.

    Comment: Peer reviewed
    Keywords Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods ; Computer Science - Computers and Society
    Subject code 005
    Publishing date 2022-01-27
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  6. Book ; Online: Scalability Analysis of a Global Blockchain For Immunization Records

    Medina, Jorge / Rojas-Cessa, Roberto / Dong, Ziqian / Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan

    2022  

    Abstract: While vaccinations continue to be rolled out to curb the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, their verification is becoming a requirement for the re-incorporation of individuals into many social activities or travel. Blockchain technology has been widely proposed ...

    Abstract While vaccinations continue to be rolled out to curb the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, their verification is becoming a requirement for the re-incorporation of individuals into many social activities or travel. Blockchain technology has been widely proposed to manage vaccination records and their verification in many politically-bound regions. However, the high contagiousness of COVID-19 calls for a global vaccination campaign. Therefore, a blockchain for vaccination management must scale up to support such a campaign and be adaptable to the requirements of different countries. While there have been many proposals of blockchain frameworks that balance the access and immutability of vaccination records, their scalability, a critical feature, has not yet been addressed. In this paper, we propose a scalable and cooperative Global Immunization Information Blockchain-based System (GEOS) that leverages the global interoperability of immunization information systems. We model GEOS and describe its requirements, features, and operation. We analyze the communications and the delays incurred by the national and international consensus processes and blockchain interoperability in GEOS. Such communications are pivotal in enabling global-scale interoperability and access to electronic vaccination records for verification. We show that GEOS ably keeps up with the global vaccination rates of COVID-19 as an example of its scalability.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computers and Society ; Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ; Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory
    Subject code 303
    Publishing date 2022-07-20
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  7. Article ; Online: Correlation of subway turnstile entries and COVID-19 incidence and deaths in New York City.

    Fathi-Kazerooni, Sina / Rojas-Cessa, Roberto / Dong, Ziqian / Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan

    Infectious Disease Modelling

    2020  Volume 6, Page(s) 183–194

    Abstract: In this paper, we show a strong correlation between turnstile entries data of the New York City (NYC) subway provided by NYC Metropolitan Transport Authority and COVID-19 deaths and cases reported by the NYC Department of Health from March to May 2020. ... ...

    Abstract In this paper, we show a strong correlation between turnstile entries data of the New York City (NYC) subway provided by NYC Metropolitan Transport Authority and COVID-19 deaths and cases reported by the NYC Department of Health from March to May 2020. This correlation is obtained through linear regression and confirmed by the prediction of the number of deaths by a Long Short-Term Memory neural network. The correlation is more significant after considering incubation and symptomatic phases of this disease as experienced by people who died from it. We extend the analysis to each individual NYC borough. We also estimate the dates when the number of COVID-19 deaths and cases would approach zero by using the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average model on the reported deaths and cases. We also backward forecast the dates when the first cases and deaths might have occurred.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-04
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3015225-2
    ISSN 2468-0427 ; 2468-2152
    ISSN (online) 2468-0427
    ISSN 2468-2152
    DOI 10.1016/j.idm.2020.11.006
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  8. Article ; Online: Survey of Saliva Components and Virus Sensors for Prevention of COVID-19 and Infectious Diseases.

    Dave, Priya Kishor / Rojas-Cessa, Roberto / Dong, Ziqian / Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan

    Biosensors

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 1

    Abstract: The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers saliva contact the lead transmission means of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Saliva droplets or ... ...

    Abstract The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers saliva contact the lead transmission means of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Saliva droplets or aerosols expelled by heavy breathing, talking, sneezing, and coughing may carry this virus. People in close distance may be exposed directly or indirectly to these droplets, especially those droplets that fall on surrounding surfaces and people may end up contracting COVID-19 after touching the mucosa tissue on their faces. It is of great interest to quickly and effectively detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in an environment, but the existing methods only work in laboratory settings, to the best of our knowledge. However, it may be possible to detect the presence of saliva in the environment and proceed with prevention measures. However, detecting saliva itself has not been documented in the literature. On the other hand, many sensors that detect different organic components in saliva to monitor a person's health and diagnose different diseases that range from diabetes to dental health have been proposed and they may be used to detect the presence of saliva. This paper surveys sensors that detect organic and inorganic components of human saliva. Humidity sensors are also considered in the detection of saliva because a large portion of saliva is water. Moreover, sensors that detect infectious viruses are also included as they may also be embedded into saliva sensors for a confirmation of the virus' presence. A classification of sensors by their working principle and the substance they detect is presented. This comparison lists their specifications, sample size, and sensitivity. Indications of which sensors are portable and suitable for field application are presented. This paper also discusses future research and challenges that must be resolved to realize practical saliva sensors. Such sensors may help minimize the spread of not only COVID-19 but also other infectious diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Biological Monitoring/instrumentation ; Biological Monitoring/methods ; COVID-19/enzymology ; COVID-19/etiology ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Communicable Diseases/enzymology ; Communicable Diseases/etiology ; Communicable Diseases/immunology ; Communicable Diseases/virology ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/chemistry ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/enzymology ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Saliva/chemistry ; Saliva/enzymology ; Saliva/immunology ; Saliva/virology ; Viruses/chemistry ; Viruses/enzymology ; Viruses/immunology ; Viruses/isolation & purification
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-31
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662125-3
    ISSN 2079-6374 ; 2079-6374
    ISSN (online) 2079-6374
    ISSN 2079-6374
    DOI 10.3390/bios11010014
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  9. Article ; Online: A Case of Unusual Clitoromegaly.

    Ch'ng, Tong Wooi / Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan

    Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology

    2018  Volume 31, Issue 5, Page(s) 543–545

    Abstract: Background: A mild degree of clitoromegaly can be associated with patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We describe an unusually significant clitoromegaly in a patient with PCOS.: Case: An 18-year-old nonobese female patient was referred ... ...

    Abstract Background: A mild degree of clitoromegaly can be associated with patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We describe an unusually significant clitoromegaly in a patient with PCOS.
    Case: An 18-year-old nonobese female patient was referred for clitoromegaly. Her genitalia exam showed significant clitoral enlargement with a well-formed glans, clitoris measured at 35 mm for length and 10 mm for width. Pelvic ultrasound showed a left ovarian cyst. Her testosterone level ranged from 28.8 to 64.1 ng/dL (normal: 8.4-48.1 ng/dL) with normal sex hormone binding globulin. Other ovarian hormones were in acceptable ranges.
    Summary and conclusion: This case demonstrates the coexistence of significant clitoromegaly, PCOS, and nonfunctioning ovarian cyst.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Clitoris/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperandrogenism/complications ; Hypertrophy/complications ; Ovarian Cysts/complications ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications ; Testosterone/blood ; Ultrasonography
    Chemical Substances Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1325079-6
    ISSN 1873-4332 ; 1083-3188
    ISSN (online) 1873-4332
    ISSN 1083-3188
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpag.2018.04.004
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    Zs.A 2337: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article: Roles of adipose tissue-derived factors in obesity.

    Umpaichitra, Vatcharapan

    Pediatric endocrinology reviews : PER

    2006  Volume 3 Suppl 4, Page(s) 537–543

    Abstract: Discoveries of factors involved in energy metabolism from "adipose tissue" have defined it as an "endocrine organ." Examples of adipose tissue-derived factors are listed and briefly described. Factors involved in obesity are described in detail. Among ... ...

    Abstract Discoveries of factors involved in energy metabolism from "adipose tissue" have defined it as an "endocrine organ." Examples of adipose tissue-derived factors are listed and briefly described. Factors involved in obesity are described in detail. Among these factors, adiponectin is emphasized because of its unique association with adiposity.
    MeSH term(s) Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Child ; Endocrine System/metabolism ; Energy Metabolism/physiology ; Hormones/metabolism ; Humans ; Obesity/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Hormones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-12
    Publishing country Israel
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2434390-0
    ISSN 1565-4753
    ISSN 1565-4753
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