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Article ; Online: Are LRRK2 p.G2019S or GBA1 variants associated with long-term outcomes of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease?

Anis, Saar / Goldberg, Tomer / Shvueli, Ethan / Kozlov, Yuval / Redlich, Yonatan / Lavi, Naama / Lavie, Inbar / Sosero, Yuri Ludwig / Gan-Or, Ziv / Ungar, Lior / Zibly, Zion / Greenbaum, Lior / Fay-Karmon, Tsvia / Hassin-Baer, Sharon

Parkinsonism & related disorders

2024 , Page(s) 106008

Abstract: Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established treatment option for individuals with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). The potential influence of the LRRK2 p.G2019S or GBA1 variants on its lasting efficacy and adverse effects should be ... ...

Abstract	Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established treatment option for individuals with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). The potential influence of the LRRK2 p.G2019S or GBA1 variants on its lasting efficacy and adverse effects should be better characterized. Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-center case-control study involving PD patients who were carriers of a GBA1 variant (GBA1-PD), the LRRK2 p.G2019S variant (LRRK2-PD), and non-carriers (Nc-PD). All participants underwent DBS and were followed up for at least a year. Assessments before surgery and at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 years post-DBS included the following: the Movement Disorder Society's Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Part III, Hoehn and Yahr scale, Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose (LEDD) and non-motor symptoms (psychotic episodes, depressive symptoms, and cognitive decline). Results: The sample was composed of 103 patients (72 males, mean age at DBS surgery 61.5 ± 8.7 years, mean postoperative follow-up 7.0 ± 4.1 years). Of these, 19 were LRRK2-PD, 20 GBA1-PD, and 64 were Nc-PD. No significant differences in motor outcomes were observed between the groups. Compared to the Nc-PD patients, the GBA1-PD patients were at increased risk of both psychotic episodes [hazard ratio (HR) 2.76 (95 % CI: 1.12-6.80), p = 0.027], and cognitive decline [HR 2.28 (95 % CI: 1.04-5.00), p = 0.04]. Conclusion: LRRK2 and GBA1 variant status did not affect the motor outcomes of DBS in PD patients. However, GBA1-PD patients were at increased risk for psychosis and cognitive decline. Further studies are required to determine the role of genetic stratification in referral to DBS.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1311489-x
ISSN	1873-5126 ; 1353-8020
ISSN (online)	1873-5126
ISSN	1353-8020
DOI	10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106008
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Zs.A 4553: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article: Intrathecal baclofen pump implantation in a patient 2 years following a traumatic brain injury resulted in regained oratory capabilities.

Ungar, Lior / Sharma, Mayur / Zibly, Zion

Neurology India

2015 Volume 63, Issue 4, Page(s) 618–619

Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07
Publishing country	India
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	415522-1
ISSN	1998-4022 ; 0028-3886
ISSN (online)	1998-4022
ISSN	0028-3886
DOI	10.4103/0028-3886.162092
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Zs.A 698: Show issues

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Article: Utility of the Polestar N30 low-field MRI system for resecting non-enhancing intra-axial brain lesions.

Ungar, Lior / Zibly, Zion / Wohl, Anton / Harel, Ran / Hadani, Moshe / Attia, Moshe / Spiegelmann, Roberto / Feldman, Zeev / Zaubermann, Jacob / Knoller, Nachshon / Cohen, Zvi R

Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska

2021 Volume 55, Issue 2, Page(s) 202–211

Abstract: Background: To determine the utility of an intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) system, the Polestar N30, for enhancing the resection control of non-enhancing intra-axial brain lesions.: Materials and methods: Seventy-three patients (60 ... ...

Abstract	Background: To determine the utility of an intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) system, the Polestar N30, for enhancing the resection control of non-enhancing intra-axial brain lesions. Materials and methods: Seventy-three patients (60 males [83.3%], mean age 37 years) with intra-axial brain lesions underwent resection at Sheba Medical Centre using the Polestar between February 2012 and the end of August 2018. Demographic and imaging data were retrospectively analysed. Thirty-five patients had a non-enhancing lesion (48%). Results: Complete resection was planned for 60/73 cases after preoperative imaging. Complete resection was achieved in 59/60 (98.3%) cases. After iMRI, additional resection was performed in 24/73 (32.8%) cases, and complete resection was performed in 17/60 (28.8%) cases in which a complete resection was intended. In 6/13 (46%) patients for whom incomplete resection was intended, further resection was performed. The extent of resection was extended mainly for non-enhancing lesions: 16/35 (46%) as opposed to only 8/38 (21%) for enhancing lesions. Further resection was not significantly associated with sex, age, intended resection, recurrence, or affected side. Univariate analysis revealed non-eloquent area, intended complete resection, and enhancing lesions to be predictive factors for complete resection, and non-enhancing lesions and scan time to be predictive factors for an extended resection. Non-enhancement was the only independent factor for extended resection. Conclusions: The Polestar N30 is useful for evaluating residual non-enhancing intra-axial brain lesions and achieving maximal resection.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/surgery ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Neoplasms/surgery ; Glioma ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-09
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	415519-1
ISSN	1897-4260 ; 0028-3843
ISSN (online)	1897-4260
ISSN	0028-3843
DOI	10.5603/PJNNS.a2021.0017
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Zs.B 739: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Comparison of Frame-Based Versus Frameless Image-Guided Intracranial Stereotactic Brain Biopsy: A Retrospective Analysis of Safety and Efficacy.

Ungar, Lior / Nachum, Ortal / Zibly, Zion / Wohl, Anton / Harel, Ran / Attia, Moshe / Spiegelmann, Roberto / Zaubermann, Jacob / Feldman, Zeev / Knoller, Nachshon / Cohen, Zvi R

World neurosurgery

2021 Volume 164, Page(s) e1–e7

Abstract: Background: A definitive diagnosis of brain lesions not amenable to surgery is mainly made by stereotactic needle biopsy. The diagnostic yield and safety of the frameless versus frame-based image-guided stereotactic techniques is unclear. Our objective ... ...

Abstract	Background: A definitive diagnosis of brain lesions not amenable to surgery is mainly made by stereotactic needle biopsy. The diagnostic yield and safety of the frameless versus frame-based image-guided stereotactic techniques is unclear. Our objective was to evaluate the safety and accuracy of frameless versus frame-based stereotactic brain biopsy techniques. Methods: A total of 278 patients (153 men; mean age: 65.5 years) with intra-axial brain lesions underwent frame-based (n = 148) or frameless image-guided stereotactic brain biopsy (n = 130) using a minimally invasive twist drill technique during 2010-2016 at Sheba Medical Center. Demographic, imaging, and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The diagnostic yield (>90%) did not differ significantly between groups. Overall morbidity (6.8% vs. 8.5%), incidence of permanent neurologic deficits (2.1% vs. 1.6%), mortality rate (0.7% vs. 0.8%), and postoperative computed tomography-detected asymptomatic (14.2% vs. 16.1%) and symptomatic (2.0% vs. 1.6%) bleeding also did not differ significantly between the frame-based and frameless cohorts, respectively. The diagnostic yield and complication rates related to the biopsy technique were not significantly associated with sex, age, entry angle to the skull and skull thickness, lesion location or depth, or radiologic characteristics. Diagnostic yield was significantly associated with the mean lesion volume. Smaller lesions were less diagnostic than larger lesions in both techniques (P = 0.043 frame-based and P = 0.048 frameless). Conclusions: The frameless biopsy technique is as efficient as the frame-based brain biopsy technique with a low complication rate. Lesion volume was the only predictive factor of diagnostic yield. The minimally invasive twist drill technique is safe and efficient.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Biopsy/adverse effects ; Biopsy/methods ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/surgery ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Brain Neoplasms/surgery ; Humans ; Image-Guided Biopsy ; Male ; Neuronavigation/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Stereotaxic Techniques
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2021.07.063
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Zs.A 1159: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Tor complex 1 controls telomere length by affecting the level of Ku.

Ungar, Lior / Harari, Yaniv / Toren, Amos / Kupiec, Martin

Current biology : CB

2011 Volume 21, Issue 24, Page(s) 2115–2120

Abstract: Telomeres are specialized DNA-protein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeric DNA is synthesized by telomerase, which is expressed only at the early stages of development [1, 2]. To become malignant, any cell has to be able to ... ...

Abstract	Telomeres are specialized DNA-protein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeric DNA is synthesized by telomerase, which is expressed only at the early stages of development [1, 2]. To become malignant, any cell has to be able to replenish telomeres [3]. Thus, understanding how telomere length is monitored has significant medical implications, especially in the fields of aging and cancer. In yeast, telomerase is constitutively active. A large network of genes participates in controlling telomere length [4-8]. Tor1 and Tor2 (targets of rapamycin [9]) are two similar kinases that regulate cell growth [10]. Both can be found as part of the TOR complex 1 (TORC1 [11]), which coordinates the response to nutrient starvation and is sensitive to rapamycin [12]. The rapamycin-insensitive TOR complex 2 (TORC2) contains only Tor2 and regulates actin cytoskeleton polarization [13]. Here we provide evidence for a role of TORC1 in telomere shortening upon starvation in yeast cells. The TORC1 signal is transduced by the Gln3/Gat1/Ure2 pathway, which controls the levels of the Ku heterodimer, a telomere regulator. We discuss the potential implications for the usage of rapamycin as a therapeutic agent against cancer and the effect that calorie restriction may have on telomere length.
MeSH term(s)	Caloric Restriction ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; GATA Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Prions/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; Species Specificity ; Telomere/metabolism ; Telomere Shortening ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
Chemical Substances	DNA-Binding Proteins ; GAT1 protein, S cerevisiae ; GATA Transcription Factors ; GLN3 protein, S cerevisiae ; NGR1 protein, S cerevisiae ; Prions ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; TORC1 protein complex, S cerevisiae ; Transcription Factors ; high affinity DNA-binding factor, S cerevisiae ; Glutathione Peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) ; URE2 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 1.11.1.9) ; Sirolimus (W36ZG6FT64)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-12-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1071731-6
ISSN	1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
ISSN (online)	1879-0445
ISSN	0960-9822
DOI	10.1016/j.cub.2011.11.024
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Zs.A 3208: Show issues

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Article: Tor Complex 1 Controls Telomere Length by Affecting the Level of Ku

Ungar, Lior / Harari, Yaniv / Toren, Amos / Kupiec, Martin

Current biology. 2011 Dec. 20, v. 21, no. 24

2011

Abstract	Telomeres are specialized DNA-protein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeric DNA is synthesized by telomerase, which is expressed only at the early stages of development [1, 2]. To become malignant, any cell has to be able to replenish telomeres [3]. Thus, understanding how telomere length is monitored has significant medical implications, especially in the fields of aging and cancer. In yeast, telomerase is constitutively active. A large network of genes participates in controlling telomere length [4–8]. Tor1 and Tor2 (targets of rapamycin [9]) are two similar kinases that regulate cell growth [10]. Both can be found as part of the TOR complex 1 (TORC1 [11]), which coordinates the response to nutrient starvation and is sensitive to rapamycin [12]. The rapamycin-insensitive TOR complex 2 (TORC2) contains only Tor2 and regulates actin cytoskeleton polarization [13]. Here we provide evidence for a role of TORC1 in telomere shortening upon starvation in yeast cells. The TORC1 signal is transduced by the Gln3/Gat1/Ure2 pathway, which controls the levels of the Ku heterodimer, a telomere regulator. We discuss the potential implications for the usage of rapamycin as a therapeutic agent against cancer and the effect that calorie restriction may have on telomere length.
Keywords	DNA ; cell growth ; developmental stages ; genes ; microfilaments ; starvation ; telomerase ; telomeres ; yeasts
Language	English
Dates of publication	2011-1220
Size	p. 2115-2120.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1071731-6
ISSN	1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
ISSN (online)	1879-0445
ISSN	0960-9822
DOI	10.1016/j.cub.2011.11.024
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Article ; Online: Nature vs nurture: interplay between the genetic control of telomere length and environmental factors.

Harari, Yaniv / Romano, Gal-Hagit / Ungar, Lior / Kupiec, Martin

Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

2013 Volume 12, Issue 22, Page(s) 3465–3470

Abstract: Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures that cap the ends of the linear eukaryotic chromosomes, thus protecting their stability and integrity. They play important roles in DNA replication and repair and are central to our understanding of aging and cancer ...

Abstract	Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures that cap the ends of the linear eukaryotic chromosomes, thus protecting their stability and integrity. They play important roles in DNA replication and repair and are central to our understanding of aging and cancer development. In rapidly dividing cells, telomere length is maintained by the activity of telomerase. About 400 TLM (telomere length maintenance) genes have been identified in yeast, as participants of an intricate homeostasis network that keeps telomere length constant. Two papers have recently shown that despite this extremely complex control, telomere length can be manipulated by external stimuli. These results have profound implications for our understanding of cellular homeostatic systems in general and of telomere length maintenance in particular. In addition, they point to the possibility of developing aging and cancer therapies based on telomere length manipulation.
MeSH term(s)	DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; Stress, Physiological ; Telomere/genetics ; Telomere/metabolism ; Telomere Homeostasis/genetics ; Telomere Shortening ; Telomere-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
Chemical Substances	DNA-Binding Proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Telomere-Binding Proteins ; Transcription Factors ; Sirolimus (W36ZG6FT64)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-09-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2146183-1
ISSN	1551-4005 ; 1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
ISSN (online)	1551-4005
ISSN	1538-4101 ; 1554-8627
DOI	10.4161/cc.26625
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Zs.A 5881: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Role of Klotho Protein in Tumor Genesis, Cancer Progression, and Prognosis in Patients with High-Grade Glioma.

Peshes-Yeloz, Naama / Ungar, Lior / Wohl, Anton / Jacoby, Elad / Fisher, Tamar / Leitner, Moshe / Nass, Dvora / Rubinek, Tamar / Wolf, Ido / Cohen, Zvi R

World neurosurgery

2019 Volume 130, Page(s) e324–e332

Abstract: Background: Klotho, a single-pass transmembrane protein associated with premature aging, acts as a tumor suppressor gene by inhibiting insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 and fibroblast growth factor pathways. Downregulated Klotho expression is ... ...

Abstract	Background: Klotho, a single-pass transmembrane protein associated with premature aging, acts as a tumor suppressor gene by inhibiting insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 and fibroblast growth factor pathways. Downregulated Klotho expression is reported in melanoma, mesothelioma, bladder, breast, gastric, cervix, lung, and kidney cancers and is associated with a poor prognosis. Klotho expression and Klotho promoter hypermethylation are predictive factors for patient prognosis. Methods: To investigate the potential role of Klotho in glioblastoma-multiforme (GBM), 22 GBM samples were collected from the Sheba Tumor Bank and examined. Results: We found that increased Klotho messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) expression predicted longer survival (P = 0.03) of GBM patients. Methylation analysis was performed on bisulfite-treated deoxyribonucleic acid from the GBM patient samples using ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry according to the Sequenom EpiTYPER protocols. Klotho promoter hypermethylation was detected in 65% of the GBM samples and correlated significantly with improved survival (P < 0.04). We found 3 major Klotho promotor hypermethylation sites located 585-579 bp, 540-533 bp, and 537-534 bp upstream of the transcription start site. Methylated deoxyribonucleic acid immunoprecipitation studies confirmed these results. Notably, the messenger RNA expression in these GBM samples revealed an unexpected linear correlation with methylation of these 3 hypermethylation sites identified in the Klotho promotor. Thus Klotho expression and methylation could predict prognosis in patients with GBM. Conclusions: Epigenetic regulation in GBM appears to be complicated. Specific CpG islands affect genes or micro RNAs that interact to control Klotho expression. The diverse effects of these islands may be due to unique factors of GBM.
MeSH term(s)	Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Brain Neoplasms/genetics ; Brain Neoplasms/metabolism ; Carcinogenesis/genetics ; Carcinogenesis/metabolism ; Carcinogenesis/pathology ; Disease Progression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glioblastoma/diagnosis ; Glioblastoma/genetics ; Glioblastoma/metabolism ; Glioma/diagnosis ; Glioma/genetics ; Glioma/metabolism ; Glucuronidase/biosynthesis ; Glucuronidase/genetics ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Neoplasm Grading/methods ; Prognosis
Chemical Substances	Glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) ; klotho protein (EC 3.2.1.31)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.082
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Article ; Online: Telomere length kinetics assay (TELKA) sorts the telomere length maintenance (tlm) mutants into functional groups.

Rubinstein, Linda / Ungar, Lior / Harari, Yaniv / Babin, Vera / Ben-Aroya, Shay / Merenyi, Gabor / Marjavaara, Lisette / Chabes, Andrei / Kupiec, Martin

Nucleic acids research

2014 Volume 42, Issue 10, Page(s) 6314–6325

Abstract: Genome-wide systematic screens in yeast have uncovered a large gene network (the telomere length maintenance network or TLM), encompassing more than 400 genes, which acts coordinatively to maintain telomere length. Identifying the genes was an important ... ...

Abstract	Genome-wide systematic screens in yeast have uncovered a large gene network (the telomere length maintenance network or TLM), encompassing more than 400 genes, which acts coordinatively to maintain telomere length. Identifying the genes was an important first stage; the next challenge is to decipher their mechanism of action and to organize then into functional groups or pathways. Here we present a new telomere-length measuring program, TelQuant, and a novel assay, telomere length kinetics assay, and use them to organize tlm mutants into functional classes. Our results show that a mutant defective for the relatively unknown MET7 gene has the same telomeric kinetics as mutants defective for the ribonucleotide reductase subunit Rnr1, in charge of the limiting step in dNTP synthesis, or for the Ku heterodimer, a well-established telomere complex. We confirm the epistatic relationship between the mutants and show that physical interactions exist between Rnr1 and Met7. We also show that Met7 and the Ku heterodimer affect dNTP formation, and play a role in non-homologous end joining. Thus, our telomere kinetics assay uncovers new functional groups, as well as complex genetic interactions between tlm mutants.
MeSH term(s)	Blotting, Southern ; DNA End-Joining Repair ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Mutation ; Peptide Synthases/genetics ; Peptide Synthases/metabolism ; Ribonucleotide Reductases/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism ; Telomere Homeostasis/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA-Binding Proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; YKU70 protein, S cerevisiae ; high affinity DNA-binding factor, S cerevisiae ; Ribonucleotide Reductases (EC 1.17.4.-) ; Rnr1 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 1.17.4.-) ; Peptide Synthases (EC 6.3.2.-) ; folylpolyglutamate synthetase (EC 6.3.2.17)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-04-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	186809-3
ISSN	1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
ISSN (online)	1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
ISSN	0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
DOI	10.1093/nar/gku267
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Zs.A 1067: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A systems-level approach to mapping the telomere length maintenance gene circuitry.

Shachar, Rafi / Ungar, Lior / Kupiec, Martin / Ruppin, Eytan / Sharan, Roded

Molecular systems biology

2008 Volume 4, Page(s) 172

Abstract: The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes are protected by telomeres, nucleoprotein structures that are essential for chromosomal stability and integrity. Understanding how telomere length is controlled has significant medical implications, especially in the ... ...

Abstract	The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes are protected by telomeres, nucleoprotein structures that are essential for chromosomal stability and integrity. Understanding how telomere length is controlled has significant medical implications, especially in the fields of aging and cancer. Two recent systematic genome-wide surveys measuring the telomere length of deleted mutants in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have identified hundreds of telomere length maintenance (TLM) genes, which span a large array of functional categories and different localizations within the cell. This study presents a novel general method that integrates large-scale screening mutant data with protein-protein interaction information to rigorously chart the cellular subnetwork underlying the function investigated. Applying this method to the yeast telomere length control data, we identify pathways that connect the TLM proteins to the telomere-processing machinery, and predict new TLM genes and their effect on telomere length. We experimentally validate some of these predictions, demonstrating that our method is remarkably accurate. Our results both uncover the complex cellular network underlying TLM and validate a new method for inferring such networks.
MeSH term(s)	Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Genome ; Genome, Fungal ; Models, Genetic ; Models, Statistical ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Probability ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/physiology ; Systems Biology ; Telomere/ultrastructure ; Telomere-Binding Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Telomere-Binding Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-03-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1744-4292
ISSN (online)	1744-4292
DOI	10.1038/msb.2008.13
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