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Article ; Online: Ingestion of paralytic shellfish toxins in a carnivorous gastropod (Chorus giganteus): effects on their elemental composition and reproductive traits.

Andrade-Villagrán, P V / Navarro, J M / Villanueva, P A / Polanco, Y / Urzúa, Á

2024 Volume 195, Page(s) 106366

Abstract: The producer of paralytic shellfish toxin (PST), Alexandrium catenella, is one of the main generators of HABs in the coasts of Chile. Its presence produces ecological and economic damage, directly affecting filter-feeding organisms, and indirectly to ... ...

Abstract	The producer of paralytic shellfish toxin (PST), Alexandrium catenella, is one of the main generators of HABs in the coasts of Chile. Its presence produces ecological and economic damage, directly affecting filter-feeding organisms, and indirectly to other organism through the trophic chain. The objective of this research was to identify the effect of a toxic diet on the energetic and reproductive parameters of the carnivorous snail Chorus giganteus. Two groups of snails were used, one fed with toxic prey (bivalves fed with A. catenella), and the other fed with non-toxic prey. Both treatments were maintained under these conditions for 63 days, then, elemental composition (C, N) and energy content were estimated, and fecundity parameters were analyzed. The results indicate that snails fed with toxic prey had a lower percentage of C and C/N ratio. The energy content was significantly lower in intoxicated snails. Regarding fecundity parameters, a higher number of egg-masses were produced by toxic snails, however, only 62% of these showed embryonic development, with 57% hatching success. A negative relationship was identified between the mean PST concentration, quantified in snails, and the number of egg-masses produced per aquarium. In the aquarium where the snails had highest average PST concentration (1200 ± 820 μg STX.2HCL eq. Kg
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Gastropoda ; Marine Toxins/toxicity ; Dinoflagellida ; Bivalvia ; Shellfish/analysis ; Eating
Chemical Substances	Marine Toxins
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1502505-6
ISSN	1879-0291 ; 0141-1136
ISSN (online)	1879-0291
ISSN	0141-1136
DOI	10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106366
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Article ; Online: Bioenergetic status of swordfish (Xiphias gladius) during the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Southeast Pacific Ocean: An interannual scale.

Lazo-Andrade, Jorge / Barría, Patricio / Urzúa, Ángel

The Science of the total environment

2024 Volume 918, Page(s) 170354

Abstract: The bioenergetic status of fishes has been used to study their physiological responses to temporal changes at interannual scales. We evaluated the physiological responses of swordfish at an interannual scale from the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO): ... ...

Abstract	The bioenergetic status of fishes has been used to study their physiological responses to temporal changes at interannual scales. We evaluated the physiological responses of swordfish at an interannual scale from the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO): warm phase "El Niño" in 2015 to the cold phase "La Niña" in 2017 and under neutral conditions as well in 2019. Herein, muscle samples from females and males were analyzed to evaluate the bioenergetic status from their biochemical constituents (L: lipids, P: proteins and G: glucose, E: total energy, and FAs: fatty acid profile), elemental composition (C: carbon, N: nitrogen, H: hydrogen), and nutritional indices (L:P, C:N, DHA/C18:1n-3, DHA/C16:0 and ω3/ω6 FAs). The physiological response of swordfish showed an interaction between the year and sex. Herein, the L and E showed similar trends, with the lowest female values found in 2015 and the highest in 2019. Contrary, males showed their highest values in 2015 and lowest in 2019. FA profile differed among years and highlighted significant differences between females and males in 2019. Although the female L:P and C:N ratios were lower in 2015 than in 2017, a decreasing trend in these ratios was found from 2017 to 2019. Moreover, DHA/C18:1n-3, DHA/C16:0 and ω3/ω6 showed higher ratios in females than males in 2019. Our results coincide with the beginning of the ENSO phases; it is therefore likely that the swordfish diet changed in response to the disturbances in environmental conditions. Furthermore, the degree of individual dietary specialization found under the neutral conditions could indicate differences in the feeding behaviors of males vs. females, which may be an adaptive strategy in this species. These findings will aid in understanding the bioenergetic status of swordfish under different climatic scenarios and the current global warming, providing relevant information for the management of this resource.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Male ; Female ; El Nino-Southern Oscillation ; Pacific Ocean ; Global Warming ; Perciformes ; Fishes
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170354
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Zs.A 949: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Scale Measurement of Health Primary Service Utilization among the Migrant International Population.

Cruz-Riveros, Consuelo / Urzúa, Alfonso / Lagos, Carolina

European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education

2023 Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) 850–860

Abstract: In this article, we analyze the internal structure of the scale for experience in exercising the right to health care (EERHC), based on the focus from the World Health Organization (WHO) on the right to health care, from the perspective of international ... ...

Abstract	In this article, we analyze the internal structure of the scale for experience in exercising the right to health care (EERHC), based on the focus from the World Health Organization (WHO) on the right to health care, from the perspective of international migrants, in Chile. The methodology was an instrumental study (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3041279-1
ISSN	2254-9625 ; 2174-8144
ISSN (online)	2254-9625
ISSN	2174-8144
DOI	10.3390/ejihpe13050064
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Article ; Online: Intraspecific variation in reproductive traits and embryo elemental composition of the crab Hemigrapsus crenulatus (Milne Edwards, 1837) across fluctuating coastal environments along Chilean coasts.

Viña-Trillos, Natalia / Brante, Antonio / Urzúa, Ángel

Marine environmental research

2023 Volume 188, Page(s) 106023

Abstract: The estuarine crab Hemigrapsus crenulatus has a wide distribution range along the coast of the South Pacific Ocean (from 20 °S to 53 S°). This decapod is abundant in these coastal and estuarine habitats and plays a key ecological role as prey of the ... ...

Abstract	The estuarine crab Hemigrapsus crenulatus has a wide distribution range along the coast of the South Pacific Ocean (from 20 °S to 53 S°). This decapod is abundant in these coastal and estuarine habitats and plays a key ecological role as prey of the snook fish (Eleginops maclovinus) and kelp gull (Larus dominicanus). Its diet consists of detritus, dead fish, and crustaceans, and the macroalgae Ulva sp. In response to contrasting environmental conditions and anthropogenic impacts along the Chilean coast, H. crenulatus may present intraspecific variations in its reproductive traits and changes in the elemental composition of its embryos, directly affecting its biological fitness. Along the Chilean coast, female individuals were collected during late spring 2019 and early summer 2020 (from November 2019 to February 2020) in six areas of Chile (north: Tongoy (30°S); south-central: Lenga (36°S), Tubul (37°S); south austral: Calbuco (41°S), Castro (42°S), Quellón (43°S). The environmental conditions (i.e. sea surface temperature, precipitation and chlorophyll α) present during each sampling event were also recorded. We evaluated the reproductive parameters of females (fecundity, reproductive output (RO)) as well as their body size (carapace width and dry weight), volume, water content, dry weight, elemental composition (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen: CHN), and finally the energy content of their embryos. Our results indicated that the environmental conditions of the sea water temperature, precipitation (proxy of water salinity) and chlorophyll α (proxy of food availability) have direct effects on the reproductive parameters of females and the characteristics of their embryos. We observed a low fecundity and high RO in Calbuco and Quellón, where precipitation was high (i.e. diluted salinity) and temperatures and productivity was low. For embryo traits, the highest values of volume and water content were observed in female crabs from the estuarine areas (i.e. Tongoy, Lenga, Tubul), values much higher than those found in the internal sea of Chile (i.e. Calbuco, Castro, Quellón). For the elemental composition, we observed high nitrogen levels and a low C:N proportion in embryos from female crabs from Lenga (a nitrogen enriched area). Fluctuating environmental variables among localities proved to modulate intraspecific variations in females and embryos of H. crenulatus, revealing different reproductive strategies, particularly in the quality and energy investment per embryo, which subsequently influenced successful embryogenesis and larval survival.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Brachyura/physiology ; Chile ; Fishes ; Seawater ; Nitrogen ; Chlorophyll ; Water
Chemical Substances	Nitrogen (N762921K75) ; Chlorophyll (1406-65-1) ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1502505-6
ISSN	1879-0291 ; 0141-1136
ISSN (online)	1879-0291
ISSN	0141-1136
DOI	10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106023
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Article ; Online: Comparison of lipids and fatty acids among tissues of two semiterrestrial crabs reveals ecophysiological adaptations in changing coastal environments.

Viña-Trillos, Natalia / Urzúa, Ángel

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology

2021 Volume 259, Page(s) 111012

Abstract: Decapods have successfully colonized changing coastal habitats throughout the world by adapting their behavior, physiology, and biochemistry. Biochemical reserves, such as lipids and fatty acids (FAs), play fundamental roles in this adaptation process. ... ...

Abstract	Decapods have successfully colonized changing coastal habitats throughout the world by adapting their behavior, physiology, and biochemistry. Biochemical reserves, such as lipids and fatty acids (FAs), play fundamental roles in this adaptation process. These energy reserves are key for the development of decapods and their composition mainly depends on the type and quality of food available in their habitats. This study evaluated the lipid content and FA composition of three tissues (hepatopancreas, gills, and muscle) in two widely distributed, semi-terrestrial coastal crab species in Chile, Cyclograpsus cinereus from the upper intertidal and Hemigrapsus crenulatus from estuaries. This evaluation aimed to assess the physiological role of the bioenergetic reserves of these crabs, which tolerate fluctuating environmental conditions. Our results showed that both species had a higher lipid content in the hepatopancreas and a lower lipid content in its gills and muscle. All three of the evaluated tissues in C. cinereus showed high contents of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and its hepatopancreas displayed the highest contents of monounsaturated (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In turn, H. crenulatus had the highest contents of MUFAs and PUFAs in its gills and muscle tissues, including an important amount of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The FA content of C. cinereus may indicate an adaptive physiological response aimed at maintaining its cellular fluid balance during periods of desiccation in the upper intertidal zone. In contrast, the FAs found in H. crenulatus may be linked to the high activity of the sodium‑potassium pump in its gills, in order to maintain osmoregulation in estuaries.
MeSH term(s)	Acclimatization ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Brachyura/physiology ; Ecosystem ; Eicosapentaenoic Acid/metabolism ; Fatty Acids/chemistry ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/metabolism ; Gills/metabolism ; Hepatopancreas/metabolism ; Lipids/chemistry ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Muscles/metabolism ; Osmoregulation ; Salinity ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Lipids ; Eicosapentaenoic Acid (AAN7QOV9EA)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	121246-1
ISSN	1531-4332 ; 0300-9629 ; 1095-6433
ISSN (online)	1531-4332
ISSN	0300-9629 ; 1095-6433
DOI	10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111012
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Zs.A 44/A: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The paralytic shellfish toxin effect on bioenergetic constituents of the fishery resource Chorus giganteus (Gastropoda: Muricidae).

Andrade-Villagrán, P V / Agüero, M J / Navarro, J M / Urzúa, Á

Marine environmental research

2022 Volume 180, Page(s) 105735

Abstract: Alexandrium catenella, one of the most common harmful microalgae observed in southern Chile, produces paralytic shellfish toxins, which can affect many organisms throughout the trophic chain. This research evaluated how paralytic shellfish toxins ... ...

Abstract	Alexandrium catenella, one of the most common harmful microalgae observed in southern Chile, produces paralytic shellfish toxins, which can affect many organisms throughout the trophic chain. This research evaluated how paralytic shellfish toxins affected the principal bioenergetic constituents and fatty acids composition of the carnivorous snail Chorus giganteus. Snails were separated into a "toxic" group that was fed the toxic clam Mulinia edulis (which was previously fed A. catenella), and a "non-toxic" group, fed non-toxic clams. Both groups were kept under these conditions for 63 days. Our results indicated no difference in the ingestion rate of toxic versus non-toxic snails; however, a higher protein level was identified in toxic snails. The total lipid content proved to be no different in toxic versus non-toxic snails; although, an effect of the toxic diet on the fatty acid profile of C. giganteus was observed. High levels of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in toxic snails, were identified. Our results suggest that exposure to paralytic shellfish toxins, through diet, may cause changes in the biochemical composition of C. giganteus, which may have a subsequent impact on its energetic physiology.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bivalvia/chemistry ; Dinoflagellida ; Energy Metabolism ; Fisheries ; Gastropoda/physiology ; Marine Toxins/metabolism ; Marine Toxins/toxicity ; Shellfish
Chemical Substances	Marine Toxins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1502505-6
ISSN	1879-0291 ; 0141-1136
ISSN (online)	1879-0291
ISSN	0141-1136
DOI	10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105735
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Article ; Online: Acculturation strategies and blood cortisol in colombian Migrants in Chile.

Urzúa, Alfonso / Aragón, Diego / Landabur, Rodrigo / Henríquez, Diego / Cortés, Leonel

BMC psychology

2023 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 94

Abstract: Background: migration is a worldwide phenomenon that is growing at an accelerated pace. When people who migrate come into contact with a new culture, they are immersed in a process called acculturation. In this process, people oscillate between ... ...

Abstract	Background: migration is a worldwide phenomenon that is growing at an accelerated pace. When people who migrate come into contact with a new culture, they are immersed in a process called acculturation. In this process, people oscillate between maintaining their own culture or acquiring the culture and customs of the host country, resulting in the so-called acculturation strategies. According to Berry's proposal, there are four main acculturation strategies: assimilation, integration, marginalization and separation. The few existing studies of Latinos in an Anglo-Saxon country relate the use of the integration strategy (biculturalism) with lower cortisol levels. No studies have been found on the subject in Latino migrants in a Latino country. Method: a cross-sectional design was used to analyze the relationship between acculturation strategies and blood cortisol levels, based on the hypothesis that an integration strategy or biculturalism would be linked to lower cortisol levels. The study involved 314 Colombian migrants in Chile, who were evaluated with a scale of acculturation strategies according to the model proposed by Berry, in addition to providing blood samples to analyze cortisol levels. Results: migrants who show a preference for leave behind the culture of the country of origin have higher levels of cortisol ng/ml in blood. According to multiple comparisons the mean cortisol value was significantly different between integrated and assimilated subjects, with the mean cortisol of the integrated being significantly lower than that of the subjects typed as marginalized. Conclusion: The patterns of the relationship between biculturalism and cortisol found in Latino migrants in Anglo-Saxon countries are repeated in Latino migrants in a Latino country. It is necessary to explore the influence of other variables in this relationship, since it seems that the best adaptive strategy, and therefore the cortisol response, will vary according to the socio-cultural context of the host country.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Acculturation ; Chile ; Colombia ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Transients and Migrants
Chemical Substances	Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2705921-2
ISSN	2050-7283 ; 2050-7283
ISSN (online)	2050-7283
ISSN	2050-7283
DOI	10.1186/s40359-023-01147-w
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Article ; Online: Non-surgical extirpation of a non-infectious expanding tricuspid valve mass by percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy.

Asllanaj, Blerina / Urzua, Alexander / Dota, Anthony / Levisman, Jeffrey

Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions

2022 Volume 100, Issue 6, Page(s) 1134–1137

Abstract: Marantic endocarditis refers to a noninfectious lesion, usually in the aortic and mitral valves, that is most commonly seen in advanced malignancy and systemic lupus erythematosus. Inflammatory conditions, including antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), are a ...

Abstract	Marantic endocarditis refers to a noninfectious lesion, usually in the aortic and mitral valves, that is most commonly seen in advanced malignancy and systemic lupus erythematosus. Inflammatory conditions, including antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), are a rare etiology making up less than 20% of reported cases. The condition is thought to be due to a hypercoagulable state and found postmortem with rates in autopsy series ranging from 0.9% to 1.6%. In comparison to infective endocarditis, marantic endocarditis has a greater tendency for valve vegetations to embolize. Common treatment modalities include anticoagulation or valve replacement. Although percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy of right-sided heart chamber thrombi exists, there are limited reports demonstrating its use with regards to treatment of right-sided endocarditis. We present the case of an older male with a history of Factor V Leiden and APS who was admitted due to a rapidly expanding mass on the tricuspid valve (TV). Despite serial blood cultures being negative, the patient received adequate antibiotic therapy for more than 4 weeks. Transthoracic echocardiogram showed an enlarged TV vegetation with an increased diameter from 10 to 30 mm over 6 weeks. Due to the patient's high operative risk and concern for embolization complications, a multidisciplinary decision was made to perform percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy of the TV vegetation. Subsequent biopsy of the lesion confirmed it was noninfectious and nonmalignant. Thus, the patient was started on systemic anticoagulation for prevention of thromboembolic events.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Tricuspid Valve/diagnostic imaging ; Tricuspid Valve/surgery ; Tricuspid Valve/pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Endocarditis/complications ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome/complications ; Thrombectomy/adverse effects ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	1459995-8
ISSN	1522-726X ; 1522-1946
ISSN (online)	1522-726X
ISSN	1522-1946
DOI	10.1002/ccd.30428
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Zs.A 1226: Show issues

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Article: Contrasting nursery habitats promote variations in the bioenergetic condition of juvenile female red squat lobsters (

Guzmán-Rivas, Fabián / Quispe, Marco / Urzúa, Ángel

PeerJ

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) e13393

Abstract: The red squat ... ...

Abstract	The red squat lobster
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.13393
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Article: Social Support as a Mediator of the Relationship between Identity Fusion and Psychological Well-Being in South-South Migrant Populations.

Henríquez, Diego / Urzúa, Alfonso / López-López, Wilson

Journal of international migration and integration

2022 , Page(s) 1–23

Abstract: The present study provides evidence of how perceived social support is a mechanism by which identity fusion with the country of origin is associated with psychological well-being in a migrant population. The study design was cross-sectional. We use ... ...

Abstract	The present study provides evidence of how perceived social support is a mechanism by which identity fusion with the country of origin is associated with psychological well-being in a migrant population. The study design was cross-sectional. We use intentional sampling based on the accessibility of the participants and using the snowball strategy through an online survey. This study included 323 Venezuelan migrants, of whom 176 (54.5%) were women, all residents of the city of Santiago, Chile. The variables assessed were perceived social support, identity fusion, and psychological well-being. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the proposed mediation model. The estimation method used was robust weighted least squares estimation. The estimated models indicated that perceived social support has a mediating effect on the positive relationship between identity fusion and psychological well-being of Venezuelan migrants residing in Chile. According to these results, feeling a sense of fusion with the country of origin and the perception of having sources of care and protection are factors that may help to improve the psychological well-being of Venezuelan migrants living in Chile. Implications and limitations of these results are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2265195-0
ISSN	1874-6365 ; 1488-3473
ISSN (online)	1874-6365
ISSN	1488-3473
DOI	10.1007/s12134-022-00996-5
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