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Article ; Online: Anxiety, Sleep Problems, and Vigorous Physical Activity: Bidirectional Associations from Early Adolescence to Early Adulthood in Swedish Adolescents.

Giannotta, F / Nilsson, K W / Åslund, C / Olofdotter, S / Vadlin, S / Larm, P

2024 Volume 53, Issue 6, Page(s) 1355–1369

Abstract: Anxiety symptoms and sleep problems typically emerge during adolescence and are frequently intertwined. However, there is a dearth of knowledge concerning their reciprocal influence and whether physical activity might play a protective role in this ... ...

Abstract	Anxiety symptoms and sleep problems typically emerge during adolescence and are frequently intertwined. However, there is a dearth of knowledge concerning their reciprocal influence and whether physical activity might play a protective role in this relationship. The present study aims at filling this gap exploring also the moderating role of sex. 915 13-year-old Swedish adolescents (56% girls) answered a survey conducted four times: at ages 13 (T1), 16 (T2), 19 (T3), and 22 (T4). A random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used. At within-levels, sleep problems and anxiety symptoms had a bidirectional positive association in middle adolescence. Vigorous physical activity and anxiety symptoms showed a reciprocal negative association from middle adolescence. Vigorous physical activity and sleep problems were reciprocally associated only in late adolescence. Associations were the same for girls and boys. This study demonstrated that the relations between anxiety symptoms, sleep problems, and vigorous physical activity cannot be understood without adopting a developmental perspective and that middle adolescence is a crucial period to plan interventions to reduce anxiety symptoms and sleep problems.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Female ; Male ; Sweden ; Exercise/psychology ; Sleep Wake Disorders/psychology ; Anxiety/psychology ; Young Adult ; Sex Factors ; Longitudinal Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Adolescent Behavior/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	186743-x
ISSN	1573-6601 ; 0047-2891
ISSN (online)	1573-6601
ISSN	0047-2891
DOI	10.1007/s10964-024-01980-1
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Article ; Online: Clinical utility of new cut-off scores for the world health organization ADHD self-report scale among adolescents in psychiatric outpatient care.

Olofsdotter, Susanne / Fernández-Quintana, Águeda / Sonnby, Karin / Vadlin, Sofia

International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHP

2023 Volume 23, Issue 4, Page(s) 100391

Abstract: Previous analyses of the proposed cut-off score for the 18-item World Health Organization ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-18) among psychiatrically referred adolescents have shown limited clinical utility. This prospective study examined the diagnostic ... ...

Abstract	Previous analyses of the proposed cut-off score for the 18-item World Health Organization ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-18) among psychiatrically referred adolescents have shown limited clinical utility. This prospective study examined the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of new cut-off scores of the ASRS-18 in a consecutive sample of 111 Swedish adolescent psychiatric outpatients. Using the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS) as the reference standard and based on predefined sensitivity and specificity criteria, multiple new general and sex-specific cut-off scores were evaluated. Results showed that clinical utility was greater for sex-specific cut-off scores than for general cut-off scores. The greatest change in pre-test to post-test probability of ADHD diagnosis was observed with a balanced, high-specificity diagnostic cut-off score for girls, where the probability of ADHD increased from 40% pre-test to 82% post-test. The proposed new cut-off levels for the ASRS-18 are useful for the detection and identification of ADHD among adolescents in general psychiatric outpatient settings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2208162-8
ISSN	2174-0852 ; 1697-2600
ISSN (online)	2174-0852
ISSN	1697-2600
DOI	10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100391
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Article: Differential change in alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of loneliness, socialization, and mental well-being.

Mohamed, Mohamed S / Rukh, Gull / Vadlin, Sofia / Olofsdotter, Susanne / Åslund, Cecilia / Schiöth, Helgi B / Nilsson, Kent W

Frontiers in psychiatry

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1236410

Abstract: Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a surge in mental health issues and psychological distress, disruption to work/studying conditions, and social isolation particularly among young adults. Changes in these factors are differentially associated ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a surge in mental health issues and psychological distress, disruption to work/studying conditions, and social isolation particularly among young adults. Changes in these factors are differentially associated with alcohol use. Moreover, the relationship between these factors are bidirectional and may have fluctuated throughout the different phases of the pandemic. However, studies focusing on young adults had conflicting results, short follow-up periods, and lacked comprehensive data to describe underlying mechanisms. Methods: 1067 young adults participated in repetitive measures termed wave 4 (2021) of the Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland Cohort "SALVe" Cohort. Of these, 889 also completed pre-pandemic measurements termed wave 3 (2018). Participants completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to evaluate alcohol consumption and harmful use. Cross-sectional associations between perceived changes in alcohol use and shift in individual, mental health, and work environment factors were examined using Chi-square tests. Logistic regression was utilized to identify pre-pandemic predictors of harmful consumption during the pandemic. Results: Harmful consumption decreased only in females following the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants who reported increased feelings of depression, anxiety, and loneliness were more likely to increase their alcohol use. Interestingly, the subgroup who felt less lonely and met their friends more often, as well as those who continued working/studying from their regular workplace also had an increased likelihood of higher consumption. Only pre-pandemic ADHD and delinquency symptoms predicted harmful alcohol consumption following the pandemic. Conclusion: Females reduced harmful alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. While those who suffered the burden of social isolation and distress were more likely to increase their alcohol use, young adults who felt less lonely and met their friends more often also had a similar outcome. The relationship between loneliness and alcohol consumption among young adults is influenced by the social factors that may be facilitated by drinking.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564218-2
ISSN	1664-0640
ISSN	1664-0640
DOI	10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1236410
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Article ; Online: Exploration of the Moderating Effects of Physical Activity and Early Life Stress on the Relation between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) rs6265 Variants and Depressive Symptoms among Adolescents.

Soler, Catalina Torres / Kanders, Sofia H / Olofsdotter, Susanne / Vadlin, Sofia / Åslund, Cecilia / Nilsson, Kent W

Genes

2022 Volume 13, Issue 7

Abstract: Depression affects one in five persons at 18 years of age. Allele A of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) rs6265 is considered to be a risk factor for depression. Previous studies of the interaction between BDNF rs6265, early adversity, and/or ... ...

Abstract	Depression affects one in five persons at 18 years of age. Allele A of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) rs6265 is considered to be a risk factor for depression. Previous studies of the interaction between BDNF rs6265, early adversity, and/or physical activity have shown mixed results. In this study, we explored the relation between BDNF rs6265 polymorphism and childhood stress, as well as the moderating effect of physical activity in relation to depressive symptoms using binary logistic regressions and process models 1, 2 and 3 applied to data obtained at three times (waves 1, 2 and 3) from the Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland cohort study (SALVe). Results revealed that both childhood stress and physical activity had a moderation effect; physical activity in wave 1 with an R2 change = 0.006, p = 0.013, and the Johnson−Neyman regions of significance (RoS) below 1.259, p = 0.05 for 11.97%; childhood stress in wave 2 with the R2 change = 0.008, p = 0 002, and RoS below 1.561 with 26.71% and >4.515 with 18.20%; and a three-way interaction in wave 1 in genotype AA carriers. These results suggest that allele A is susceptible to physical activity (positive environment) and childhood stress (negative environment).
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adverse Childhood Experiences ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Depression/genetics ; Exercise ; Humans ; Reactive Oxygen Species
Chemical Substances	Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; BDNF protein, human (7171WSG8A2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425 ; 2073-4425
ISSN (online)	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes13071236
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Article ; Online: Psychotic-like experiences from adolescence to adulthood: A longitudinal study.

Isaksson, Johan / Angenfelt, Max / Frick, Matilda A / Olofsdotter, Susanne / Vadlin, Sofia

Schizophrenia research

2022 Volume 248, Page(s) 1–7

Abstract: Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), such as delusions and hallucinations, are regarded to occur along a spectrum and to be present also in non-help-seeking individuals from the general population. However, it remains unclear whether the occurrence of PLEs ...

Abstract	Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), such as delusions and hallucinations, are regarded to occur along a spectrum and to be present also in non-help-seeking individuals from the general population. However, it remains unclear whether the occurrence of PLEs is a unique risk factor for future PLEs or a symptom of general psychopathology. In this study, we investigated whether PLEs during adolescence predict future PLEs in adulthood. A community-based cohort of 1146 young adolescents (mean age, 14.38 years) were assessed and then reassessed 6 years later (mean age, 20.15 years). Participants reported PLEs experienced in the past year, as well as symptoms of depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and conduct problems. We adjusted the analysis for other forms of psychopathology and sex differences. Participants who reported PLEs in adulthood had higher ratings for all preceding and co-occurring symptoms of psychopathology. In the adjusted logistic regression model, having PLEs and, to a smaller degree, anxiety during adolescence predicted PLEs in early adulthood. The association between baseline and future PLEs did not differ between males and females, although females were more likely to report PLEs during adolescence. Participants with persistent PLEs reported more hallucinations during adolescence than those with transient symptoms. Our findings suggest that the early occurrence of PLEs is an important and independent predictor of future PLEs and should be monitored to identify individuals with a high risk of future psychopathology and to enable early interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology ; Psychotic Disorders/etiology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mental Disorders/complications ; Hallucinations/etiology ; Hallucinations/complications ; Psychopathology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-27
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639422-x
ISSN	1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
ISSN (online)	1573-2509
ISSN	0920-9964
DOI	10.1016/j.schres.2022.07.010
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Article ; Online: Autonomic responses during Gambling: the Effect of Outcome Type and Sex in a large community sample of young adults.

Hultman, Cathrine / Vadlin, Sofia / Rehn, Mattias / Sescousse, Guillaume / Nilsson, Kent W / Åslund, Cecilia

Journal of gambling studies

2022 Volume 39, Issue 1, Page(s) 159–182

Abstract: Psychological theories consider autonomic arousal to be a reinforcer for problem gambling. Structural characteristics such as near-misses, which are non-win events that come close to a real win, have been shown to elicit win-like responses while ... ...

Abstract	Psychological theories consider autonomic arousal to be a reinforcer for problem gambling. Structural characteristics such as near-misses, which are non-win events that come close to a real win, have been shown to elicit win-like responses while increasing motivation and gambling persistence. This study investigated the autonomic and subjective responses of young adults to different gambling outcomes. This study also investigated sex differences in autonomic and subjective responses to different gambling outcomes.Participants from Sweden (n = 270) performed a computerized slot machine task that produced wins, near-misses (before and after payline) and full-misses. Phasic measurements of heart rate (HR) and skin conductance responses (SCR) were recorded during gambling performance and ratings of perceived chance of winning, pleasure and motivation to play were collected following each gambling outcome.Autonomic responses differed across slot machine outcomes as indicated by HR and SCR. Compared with other gambling outcomes, near-misses elicited the largest HR accelerations, and they also elicited larger HR decelerations and SCRs relative to full-misses. Near-misses before and after payline elicited differential psychophysiological responses and subjective reports, suggesting different emotional processing of near-miss subtypes. Females showed increased SCRs and motivation following win outcomes compared with males.In conclusion, wins, near-misses and full-misses generate differential physiological and subjective responses among young adults. Autonomic responses to wins differed between male and female players, emphasizing the need to consider sex differences when investigating the role of autonomic arousal in gambling.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Male ; Young Adult ; Gambling/psychology ; Arousal ; Emotions ; Heart Rate ; Motivation
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2016895-0
ISSN	1573-3602 ; 1050-5350
ISSN (online)	1573-3602
ISSN	1050-5350
DOI	10.1007/s10899-022-10118-6
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Article ; Online: Development and usability evaluation of an electronic health report form to assess health in young people: a mixed-methods approach.

Lostelius, Petra V / Mattebo, Magdalena / Adolfsson, Eva Thors / Söderlund, Anne / Andersén, Mikael / Vadlin, Sofia / Revenäs, Åsa

BMC medical informatics and decision making

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 91

Abstract: Background: Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes (ePROs) have potential to improve health outcomes and healthcare. The development of health-technology applications, such as ePROs, should include the potential users and be theoretically grounded. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes (ePROs) have potential to improve health outcomes and healthcare. The development of health-technology applications, such as ePROs, should include the potential users and be theoretically grounded. Swedish Youth Health Clinics (YHCs) offer primarily sexual and psychological healthcare for young people aged 12 to 25 years old. Young people in healthcare settings are considered a vulnerable group. The development of a collection of Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) in an Electronic Health Report Form (eHRF) for identifying health and health-related problems in young people, was preceded by a qualitative interview study, exploring young people's views on using an eHRF at YHCs and which questions about health an eHRF should contain. The aim of the current study was to develop and evaluate the usability of an eHRF prototype for identifying health and health-related problems in young people visiting YHCs. Methods: This study used a participatory design. During the development, an expert panel consisting of eight researchers and one Information Technology worker, participated. A wide literature search was performed to find PROs to construct an eHRF prototype to cover health areas. A mixed methods usability evaluation included 14 participants (young people, healthcare professionals, and an expert panel). Results: The development resulted in an eHRF prototype, containing ten reliable and valid health questionnaires addressing mental-, physical-, and sexual health and social support, a self-efficacy question, and background questions, in total 74 items. The interviews in the usability evaluation resulted in three categories describing the usability of the eHRF: 'Captures the overall health of young people but needs clarification', 'Fun, easy, and optional and will keep young people's interest', and 'Potential contribution to improve the health consultation'. The quantitative results support the usability of the eHRF for YHCs. Conclusions: The participatory approach contributed to development of the eHRF prototype to cover health areas adapted for the target population. The usability evaluation showed that the eHRF was usable and had the potential for self-reflection and contributions to cooperation between young people and healthcare professionals during the health consultation.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Delivery of Health Care ; Software ; Research Design ; Qualitative Research ; Electronics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2046490-3
ISSN	1472-6947 ; 1472-6947
ISSN (online)	1472-6947
ISSN	1472-6947
DOI	10.1186/s12911-023-02191-7
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Article ; Online: The Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - self-assessment for use in adolescents: an evaluation of psychometric and diagnostic accuracy.

Ntini, I / Vadlin, S / Olofsdotter, S / Ramklint, M / Nilsson, K W / Engström, I / Sonnby, K

Nordic journal of psychiatry

2020 Volume 74, Issue 6, Page(s) 415–422

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior/psychology ; Child ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/standards ; Psychometrics/methods ; Psychometrics/standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Self-Assessment
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1104974-1
ISSN	1502-4725 ; 0803-9488 ; 0029-1455
ISSN (online)	1502-4725
ISSN	0803-9488 ; 0029-1455
DOI	10.1080/08039488.2020.1733077
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Article ; Online: Diagnostic accuracy of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale parent report among adolescent psychiatric outpatients.

Torres Soler, C / Olofsdotter, S / Vadlin, S / Ramklint, M / Nilsson, K W / Sonnby, K

Nordic journal of psychiatry

2018 Volume 72, Issue 3, Page(s) 184–190

Abstract: Background: The diagnostic accuracy of the parent report of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-P) for the screening of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents has not been evaluated.: Aim: The aim was to explore the ... ...

Abstract	Background: The diagnostic accuracy of the parent report of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-P) for the screening of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents has not been evaluated. Aim: The aim was to explore the psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the MADRS-P in general child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient services in Sweden. Method: The study was a validation and a diagnostic accuracy study. Consecutive adolescent psychiatric patients (n = 101, 45 males, mean age 15 years) were assessed with a diagnostic interview, the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL), as a reference test. Thereafter, their parents reported on the MADRS-P. Both categorical MDD diagnoses and dimensional MDD symptom severity scores were obtained from the K-SADS-PL. Results: The internal consistency of the MADRS-P, measured with Cronbach's alpha, was 0.846. The concurrent validity, assessed by Spearman's rho as a correlation between the K-SADS MDD symptom severity score and the MADRS-P score, was 0.580. The area under the curve in a receiver operating characteristic analysis for all participants was 0.786 (95% confidence interval 0.694-0.877, p < .001). At a cut-off of 10, sensitivity was 0.86, specificity 0.54, positive predictive value 0.59 and negative predictive value 0.84. Conclusions: The parent-rated MADRS-P showed similar psychometric properties as previously shown for the self-rated MADRS-S in adults. Although the MADRS-P has acceptable diagnostic accuracy for screening for MDD in adolescents in a general psychiatric setting, it cannot be used alone for diagnosing MDD.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adolescent Psychiatry/methods ; Adolescent Psychiatry/standards ; Adult ; Ambulatory Care/methods ; Ambulatory Care/psychology ; Ambulatory Care/standards ; Child ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outpatients/psychology ; Parent-Child Relations ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sweden/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1104974-1
ISSN	1502-4725 ; 0803-9488 ; 0029-1455
ISSN (online)	1502-4725
ISSN	0803-9488 ; 0029-1455
DOI	10.1080/08039488.2017.1414873
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Article ; Online: Psychometric evaluation of the Swedish Child Sheehan Disability Scale in adolescent psychiatric patients.

Soler, Catalina Tores / Vadlin, Sofia / Olofsdotter, Susanne / Ramklint, Mia / Sonnby, Karin / Nilsson, Kent

Scandinavian journal of child and adolescent psychiatry and psychology

2021 Volume 9, Page(s) 137–146

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2245-8875
ISSN (online)	2245-8875
DOI	10.21307/sjcapp-2021-015
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