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  1. Article ; Online: Photoperiod-Dependent Expression of MicroRNA in Drosophila

    Mirko Pegoraro / Bettina Fishman / Valeria Zonato / Georgios Zouganelis / Amanda Francis / Charalambos P. Kyriacou / Eran Tauber

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 4935, p

    2022  Volume 4935

    Abstract: Like many other insects in temperate regions, Drosophila melanogaster exploits the photoperiod shortening that occurs during the autumn as an important cue to trigger a seasonal response. Flies survive the winter by entering a state of reproductive ... ...

    Abstract Like many other insects in temperate regions, Drosophila melanogaster exploits the photoperiod shortening that occurs during the autumn as an important cue to trigger a seasonal response. Flies survive the winter by entering a state of reproductive arrest (diapause), which drives the relocation of resources from reproduction to survival. Here, we profiled the expression of microRNA (miRNA) in long and short photoperiods and identified seven differentially expressed miRNAs ( dme-mir-2b , dme-mir-11 , dme-mir-34 , dme-mir-274 , dme-mir-184 , dme-mir-184* , and dme-mir-285 ). Misexpression of dme-mir-2b , dme-mir-184 , and dme-mir-274 in pigment-dispersing, factor-expressing neurons largely disrupted the normal photoperiodic response, suggesting that these miRNAs play functional roles in photoperiodic timing. We also analyzed the targets of photoperiodic miRNA by both computational predication and by Argonaute-1-mediated immunoprecipitation of long- and short-day RNA samples. Together with global transcriptome profiling, our results expand existing data on other Drosophila species, identifying genes and pathways that are differentially regulated in different photoperiods and reproductive status. Our data suggest that post-transcriptional regulation by miRNA is an important facet of photoperiodic timing.
    Keywords diapause ; Drosophila ; microRNA ; photoperiodism ; RNA immunoprecipitation ; seasonal timing ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: An Intronic Polymorphism in couch potato Is Not Distributed Clinally in European Drosophila melanogaster Populations nor Does It Affect Diapause Inducibility.

    Valeria Zonato / Giorgio Fedele / Charalambos P Kyriacou

    PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 9, p e

    2016  Volume 0162370

    Abstract: couch potato (cpo) encodes an RNA binding protein that has been reported to be expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system of embryos, larvae and adults, including the major endocrine organ, the ring gland. A polymorphism in the D. ... ...

    Abstract couch potato (cpo) encodes an RNA binding protein that has been reported to be expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system of embryos, larvae and adults, including the major endocrine organ, the ring gland. A polymorphism in the D. melanogaster cpo gene coding region displays a latitudinal cline in frequency in North American populations, but as cpo lies within the inversion In(3R)Payne, which is at high frequencies and itself shows a strong cline on this continent, interpretation of the cpo cline is not straightforward. A second downstream SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium with the first has been claimed to be primarily responsible for the latitudinal cline in diapause incidence in USA populations.Here, we investigate the frequencies of these two cpo SNPs in populations of Drosophila throughout continental Europe. The advantage of studying cpo variation in Europe is the very low frequency of In(3R)Payne, which we reveal here, does not appear to be clinally distributed. We observe a very different geographical scenario for cpo variation from the one in North America, suggesting that the downstream SNP does not play a role in diapause. In an attempt to verify whether the SNPs influence diapause we subsequently generated lines with different combinations of the two cpo SNPs on known timeless (tim) genetic backgrounds, because polymorphism in the clock gene tim plays a significant role in diapause inducibility. Our results reveal that the downstream cpo SNP does not seem to play any role in diapause induction in European populations in contrast to the upstream coding cpo SNP. Consequently, all future diapause studies on strains of D. melanogaster should initially determine their tim and cpo status.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Geographical analysis of diapause inducibility in European Drosophila melanogaster populations

    Pegoraro, Mirko / Charalambos P. Kyriacou / Elizabeth R. Tyler / Eran Tauber / Giorgio Fedele / Valeria Zonato

    Journal of insect physiology. 2017 Apr., v. 98

    2017  

    Abstract: Seasonal overwintering in insects represents an adaptation to stressful environments and in European Drosophila melanogaster females, low temperatures and short photoperiods can induce an ovarian diapause. Diapause may represent a recent (<15Ky) ... ...

    Abstract Seasonal overwintering in insects represents an adaptation to stressful environments and in European Drosophila melanogaster females, low temperatures and short photoperiods can induce an ovarian diapause. Diapause may represent a recent (<15Ky) adaptation to the colonisation of temperate Europe by D. melanogaster from tropical sub-Saharan Africa, because African D. melanogaster and the sibling species D. simulans, have been reported to fail to undergo diapause. Over the past few centuries, D. melanogaster have also invaded North America and Australia, and eastern populations on both continents show a predictable latitudinal cline in diapause induction. In Europe however, a new diapause-enhancing timeless allele, ls-tim, is observed at high levels in southern Italy (∼80%), where it appears to have arisen and has spread throughout the continent with a frequency of ∼20% in Scandinavia. Given the phenotype of ls-tim and its geographical distribution, we might predict that it would work against any latitudinal cline in diapause induction within Europe. Indeed we reveal that any latitudinal cline for diapause in Europe is very weak, as predicted by ls-tim frequencies. In contrast, we determine ls-tim frequencies in North America and observe that they would be expected to strengthen the latitudinal pattern of diapause. Our results reveal how a newly arisen mutation, can, via the stochastic nature of where it initially arose, blur an otherwise adaptive geographical pattern.
    Keywords alleles ; diapause ; Drosophila melanogaster ; females ; geographical distribution ; insect physiology ; insects ; mutation ; overwintering ; phenotype ; photoperiod ; sibling species ; temperature ; Australia ; Italy ; North America ; Scandinavia ; Sub-Saharan Africa
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-04
    Size p. 238-244.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0022-1910
    DOI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.01.015
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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