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Article ; Online: Incorrect use of protective equipment against COVID-19 can cause more inconvenience, a questionnaire-based study of 7000 participants

Shafaghi Shadi / Ghorbani Fariba / Taranian Zohreh / Doozandeh Neda / Varahram Mohammad

International Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 12-

2022 Volume 12

Abstract: Aims: At present, there is no definitive treatment for COVID-19 and to break the pandemic chain, prevention is the best choice. Meanwhile different controlling strategies are considered, in this study, we aimed to understand public insights toward the ... ...

Abstract	Aims: At present, there is no definitive treatment for COVID-19 and to break the pandemic chain, prevention is the best choice. Meanwhile different controlling strategies are considered, in this study, we aimed to understand public insights toward the medical advisement. Material: A self-constructed questionnaire including information regarding various preventive elements such as wearing a mask, using gloves, attention to safe social distance, using disinfectant materials was prepared. After content validity, the questionnaire was circulated in cyberspace and the public was invited to complete it. After five days, the percentage of risky behavior related behaviors to the mask (RBM), hygiene (RBH), and social distance (RBD) were analyzed and compared in different situations with tableau and SPSS 26. Results: A total of 7,000 people with the mean age of 31.5 ± 12.2 years completed the questionnaire, of which 39% were men. RBM was 76.54% whereas hand hygiene and distance risky behaviors were 11.49% and 15.33%, respectively (P = 0.01). RBD was significantly higher among people with COVID-19 patients in their families. The pattern of RBH based on the level of worry about getting COVID-19 was similar in the group without worry and with the highest level of worry. Conclusions: In this ever-changing situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, community awareness, and logical perception regarding correct use and has a crucial role in optimal COVID-19 controlling, which should not be neglected. It is important to have the latest information, which comes from trustworthy sources as a preventive key in both healthcare and community settings.
Keywords	covid-19 ; pandemics ; society attitude ; surveys and questionnaire ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Nintedanib: a review of the properties, function, and usefulness to minimize COVID-19-induced lung injury.

Hashemian, Seyed MohammadReza / Farhadi, Tayebeh / Varahram, Mohammad / Velayati, Ali Akbar

Expert review of anti-infective therapy

2022 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 7–14

Abstract: Introduction: In severe COVID-19 patients, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-induced lung injury regularly causes a pulmonary fibrotic phase. There is no approved therapy for the COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, administration of ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: In severe COVID-19 patients, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-induced lung injury regularly causes a pulmonary fibrotic phase. There is no approved therapy for the COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, administration of an anti-fibrotic agent, in the early acute phase of the severe COVID-19 with ARDS, may improve the infection outcomes. Areas covered: In this review, the main characteristics of nintedanib and its usefulness to treat COVID-19-induced fibrosis were studied. In July 2022, a literature search was performed from PubMed, Google Scholar, and the WHO databases for studies focusing on the properties, function, efficacy, and safety of nintedanib against different lung injuries. Expert opinion: Nintedanib interferes with lung fibrosis and tumor angiogenesis by targeting multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Loss of RTKs activity leads to blocking downstream signaling cascades and inhibiting the proliferation and migration of lung fibroblasts. Targeting RTKs may be useful in the treatment of COVID-19 lung fibrosis. Nintedanib may be a superior agent compared to pirfenidone for the treatment of COVID-19 ARDS-related pulmonary fibrosis. Investigation of the efficacy and safety of nintedanib in the early stages of COVID-19-induced ARDS is critical since it may decrease the oxygen dependency and degree of lung fibrosis after the hospital discharge.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Lung Injury/drug therapy ; Lung Injury/etiology ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology ; COVID-19/complications ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/drug therapy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/etiology
Chemical Substances	nintedanib (G6HRD2P839)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2181279-2
ISSN	1744-8336 ; 1478-7210
ISSN (online)	1744-8336
ISSN	1478-7210
DOI	10.1080/14787210.2023.2153116
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Time-Dependent Changes in COVID-19 Severity Based on the Information of Patients Referring to Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Kazempour-Dizaji, Mehdi / Zare, Ali / Varahram, Mohammad / Abedini, Atefeh / Kiani, Arda / Roozbahani, Rahim

Tanaffos

2023 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 70–74

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerged disease with many unknown facets, so both the treatment and the cause of spreading this disease have remained mysterious so far.: Materials and methods: Based on the information of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerged disease with many unknown facets, so both the treatment and the cause of spreading this disease have remained mysterious so far. Materials and methods: Based on the information of 4372 patients with COVID-19 referring to Dr. Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, the time-dependent changes in COVID-19 severity were investigated in this study using correlation analysis. Results: According to the results of this study, on average 154.80 patients were infected with mild to moderate COVID-19, and 39.06 were infected with severe COVID-19. The results of this study also indicated a descending trend in the number of patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 (r=-0.40, P-value=0.004) and an ascending trend in the number of patients with severe COVID-19 (r=0.43, P-value=0.003) overtime on a daily basis so that almost two patients were removed from those with mild to moderate COVID-19 and one was added to the patients with severe COVID-19 on average per day. Conclusion: Based on the current study results, it is concluded that COVID-19 severity will not be constant over time, and there is a probability of COVID-19 becoming more aggressive. Therefore, by the lack of timely control of the disease over time, we will witness an increased number of patients with severe COVID-19 and an increased number of hospitalizations in the intensive care unit (ICU) ward.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-17
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2233372-1
ISSN	1735-0344
ISSN	1735-0344
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Article ; Online: Serial SOFA-score trends in ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients as predictor of 28-day mortality: A prospective cohort study.

Esmaeili Tarki, Farzad / Afaghi, Siamak / Rahimi, Fatemeh Sadat / Kiani, Arda / Varahram, Mohammad / Abedini, Atefeh

Health science reports

2023 Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) e1116

Abstract: Background and aim: The efficacy of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score as predictor of clinical outcomes among ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients is still controversial. We aimed to assess whether SOFA-score in different time intervals could ... ...

Abstract	Background and aim: The efficacy of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score as predictor of clinical outcomes among ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients is still controversial. We aimed to assess whether SOFA-score in different time intervals could predict 28-day mortality compared with other well-acknowledged risk factors of COVID-19 mortality. Methods: This observational prospective cohort was conducted on 1057 patients from March 2020 to March 2022 at Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Iran. The univariate and multivariate Cox proportional analysis were performed to assess the hazards of SOFA-score models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were designed to estimate the predictive values. Results: Mean SOFA-score during first 96 h (HR: 3.82 [CI: 2.75-5.31]), highest SOFA-score (HR: 2.70 [CI: 1.93-3.78]), and initial SOFA-score (HR: 1.65 [CI: 1.30-2.11]) had strongest association with 28-day mortality ( Conclusion: To predict the 28-day mortality among ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients, mean SOFA upon first 96 h of ICU stay is reliable; while having inadequate accuracy comparing with well-acknowledged COVID-19 mortality predictors (age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, CAD). Notably, increased SOFA levels in the course of first 96 h of ICU-admission, prognosticate at least 50% fatality regardless of initial SOFA score.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2398-8835
ISSN (online)	2398-8835
DOI	10.1002/hsr2.1116
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Extracellular vesicles from serum samples of mycobacteria patients induced cell death of THP-1 monocyte and PBMC.

Javadi, Alireza / Shamaei, Masoud / Tabarsi, Payam / Nomani, Masoumeh / Varahram, Mohammad / Kazemi, Bahram

BMC pulmonary medicine

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 57

Abstract: Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in cell communication and the pathogenesis of some diseases. EVs may accelerate cell death during the course of mycobacterial infection and are also considered as a new vaccine design, drug ... ...

Abstract	Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in cell communication and the pathogenesis of some diseases. EVs may accelerate cell death during the course of mycobacterial infection and are also considered as a new vaccine design, drug delivery, and biomarker candidates. The current study evaluates the effects of EVs from serum samples of mycobacteria-infected patients on THP-1 monocytes and PBMC cells. Method: EVs were purified from the serum, then cultured separately with THP-1 monocytes and PBMCs. The cell death was determined through annexin V-FITC and PI staining. GW4869, an EVs inhibitor, was used to determine if EVs released from serum could increase THP-1 monocytes cell death. Results: The cell death was significantly increased in the presence of 10 µg/ml and 5 µg/ml concentrations of the purified EVs (p < 0.05). Minimal cell death was determined in 2.5 µg/ml and 1.2 µg/ml (p < 0.05). Up to 85% of the cells were viable in the presence of the GW4869 inhibitor (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Direct infection of the cells with EVs released from mycobacteria-infected patients samples, the multiplicity of infection with the EVs, and virulent or avirulent mycobacteria may change the status of the cell death. The isolated EVs from serum samples of patients with mycobacterial infection accelerated cell death, which means that they might not be considered as an optimal tool for developing drug delivery and vaccine against tuberculosis.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cell Death ; Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium/immunology ; Mycobacterium/physiology ; Mycobacterium Infections/immunology ; Mycobacterium Infections/metabolism ; Mycobacterium Infections/microbiology ; THP-1 Cells ; Virulence
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2059871-3
ISSN	1471-2466 ; 1471-2466
ISSN (online)	1471-2466
ISSN	1471-2466
DOI	10.1186/s12890-022-01839-w
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The Role of HLA-DRB1 Alleles in Pulmonary Cystic Fibrosis.

Asef, Alireza / Ghafaripour, Hossein Ali / Jamaati, Hamidreza / Varahram, Mohammad / M Adcock, Ian / Mortaz, Esmaeil

Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology

2022 Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 189–196

Abstract: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in white Caucasians. It affects many organs including the lung, pancreas, and liver. Whilst CF is a monogenic disease, several studies revealed a complex relationship between ... ...

Abstract	Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in white Caucasians. It affects many organs including the lung, pancreas, and liver. Whilst CF is a monogenic disease, several studies revealed a complex relationship between genotype and clinical phenotype of diseases. We examined the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles among Iranian CF patients with disease-related microbial infection. This study was conducted on 50 hospitalized CF patients (27 males, 23 females aged 15.5±6.5 years), and 50 healthy age- and gender-matched control subjects. 5ml whole blood was harvested and after isolation of genomic DNA, HLA-DRB1 subtypes were determined by single specific primer polymerase chain reaction methods. HLA-DRB110 was less frequent and HLA-DRB104 and HLA-DRB111 was the most frequent allele in CF patients, but none reached significance. HLA-DRB104 allele was frequently seen among16 CF patients with high serum IgE levels (430.25±219.7 IU/mL) and 27 CF patients that were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization. A total of 31 CF patients had candida Albicans colonization in whom HLA-DRB111 was mostly seen. A total of 3 CF patients had allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and two were diabetic. The DR4 and DR11 serotypes that recognize the HLA-DRB104 and HLA-DRB1*11 gene products respectively are not significantly enriched in the Iranian CF population. Further research should be conducted on DR4 and DR11 in CF patients to understand their possible role in infection and IgE expression.
MeSH term(s)	Alleles ; Cystic Fibrosis/genetics ; Female ; HLA-DRB1 Chains/genetics ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Iran ; Male
Chemical Substances	HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Immunoglobulin E (37341-29-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-11
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2488724-9
ISSN	1735-5249 ; 1735-1502
ISSN (online)	1735-5249
ISSN	1735-1502
DOI	10.18502/ijaai.v21i2.9226
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Article: Investigating the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Process and its Related Occurrences during the Treatment Course.

Nejatollahi, Seyed Mohammad Reza / Kazempour Dizaji, Mehdi / Zare, Ali / Abedini, Atefeh / Varahram, Mohammad / Kiani, Arda / Marjani, Majid / Alizedeh Kolahdozi, Niloufar / Velayati, Ali Akbar

Tanaffos

2024 Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 332–336

Abstract: Background: The disease process involves the occurrences happening during the disease and treatment course for the patient. Investigating this process is a significant and necessary issue for all diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).!# ...

Abstract	Background: The disease process involves the occurrences happening during the disease and treatment course for the patient. Investigating this process is a significant and necessary issue for all diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Materials and methods: Using the information of 4372 patients with COVID-19 referring to Dr. Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran during the COVID-19 epidemic, being hospitalized, cared for, and home quarantined due to having mild symptoms, the COVID-19 process and its related occurrences were investigated during the treatment course. Results: In the COVID-19 course, considering the disease severity, the likelihood of hospitalization in the general ward or the intensive care unit (ICU) ward, the likelihood of isolation or home quarantine, and the likelihood of occurrences such as recovery or death at the end of the disease course were taken into consideration. Based on the results of this study, the likelihood of hospitalization in the general ward, the ICU ward, and isolation or home quarantine was determined to be approximately 49.54%, 14.73%, and 35.73%, respectively. Also, for patients hospitalized in the general ward, the ICU ward, and isolated or home quarantined, the likelihood of recovery was estimated at approximately 64.79%, 10.82%, and 96.31%, respectively, and the likelihood of death was also estimated at about 35.21%, 89.18%, and 3.69% respectively. Conclusion: Investigating the COVID-19 process and estimating the likelihood of incidence of its related occurrences during the treatment course both create an accurate prognosis and provide the possibility of achieving an efficient treatment for these patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-29
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2233372-1
ISSN	1735-0344
ISSN	1735-0344
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) Molecule in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

Mortaz, Esmaeil / Jamaati, Hamidreza / Varahram, Mohammad / Dezfuli, Neda K / Adocok, Ian M

Tanaffos

2021 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–2

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-27
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2233372-1
ISSN	1735-0344
ISSN	1735-0344
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Article: Follow-Up of Coronavirus Infected Patients Using Telemedicine in a Referral Pulmonary Center.

Fadaizadeh, Lida / Jamaati, Hamidreza / Varahram, Mohammad / Taheri, Mohammad Jafar / Sanaat, Mohammad

Tanaffos

2021 Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 356–363

Abstract: Background: Telemedicine is considered an innovative approach for management and follow up of communicable diseases, when person to person contact has the risk of disease dissemination, such as the situation being experienced with corona virus infection. ...

Abstract	Background: Telemedicine is considered an innovative approach for management and follow up of communicable diseases, when person to person contact has the risk of disease dissemination, such as the situation being experienced with corona virus infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of telemedicine in patient follow-up and patient compliance in different communication methods. Materials and methods: All patients discharged from a referral pulmonary hospital dedicated to coronavirus infected patients were given instructions on follow-up of symptoms. One group received messages via short message system regarding the severity of their symptoms. For the other group a mobile application was specially designed for tracking their well-being on a daily basis. Severity of symptoms and course of disease were monitored in each group for a two-month period. Results: A total 1091 patients with mean age of 53.96± 17.95 years were enrolled in the study. In the first group 406 (60.14%) messages were successfully sent, from which 150 (36.94%) patients replied. Also, 243(35%) patients contacted us by making phone calls. Of the total patients in the second group, 153(64%) patients started using the mobile application. Chief complaint of patients was mainly cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, and myalgia. Deep vein thrombosis, hyperglycemia, post kidney transplant patient and bloody diarrhea were among the reported cases. Conclusion: Patient follow-up during epidemics, especially when the disease course is unknown, is an important step in both successful patient management and disease control. This study showed the role of telemedicine for patient follow-up, mostly in detecting special situations. But, in order to be successful patient education and active follow-up are important factors that must be considered.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-19
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2233372-1
ISSN	1735-0344
ISSN	1735-0344
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Article: The Immunopathogenesis of Neuroinvasive Lesions of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in COVID-19 Patients.

Alipoor, Shamila D / Mortaz, Esmaeil / Varahram, Mohammad / Garssen, Johan / Adcock, Ian M

Frontiers in neurology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 697079

Abstract: The new coronavirus disease COVID-19 was identified in December 2019. It subsequently spread across the world with over 125 M reported cases and 2.75 M deaths in 190 countries. COVID-19 causes severe respiratory distress; however, recent studies have ... ...

Abstract	The new coronavirus disease COVID-19 was identified in December 2019. It subsequently spread across the world with over 125 M reported cases and 2.75 M deaths in 190 countries. COVID-19 causes severe respiratory distress; however, recent studies have reported neurological consequences of infection by the COVID-19 virus SARS-CoV-2 even in subjects with mild infection and no initial neurological effects. It is likely that the virus uses the olfactory nerve to reach the CNS and that this transport mechanism enables virus access to areas of the brain stem that regulates respiratory rhythm and may even trigger cell death by alteration of these neuronal nuclei. In addition, the long-term neuronal effects of COVID-19 suggest a role for SARS-CoV-2 in the development or progression of neurodegerative disease as a result of inflammation and/or hypercoagulation. In this review recent findings on the mechanism(s) by which SARS-CoV-2 accesses the CNS and induces neurological dysregulation are summarized.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2021.697079
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