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Article ; Online: Intersegmental coordination in human slip perturbation responses.

Varma, Vaibhavsingh / Trkov, Mitja

2024 Volume 168, Page(s) 112097

Abstract: Intersegmental coordination (ISC) of lower limbs and planar covariation law (PCL) are important phenomena observed in biomechanics of human walking and other activities. Gait perturbations tend to cause deviation from the expected ISC pattern thus ... ...

Abstract	Intersegmental coordination (ISC) of lower limbs and planar covariation law (PCL) are important phenomena observed in biomechanics of human walking and other activities. Gait perturbations tend to cause deviation from the expected ISC pattern thus violating PCL. We used a data set of seven subjects, who experienced unexpected slips, to investigate and characterize the evolution of ISC during slip recoveries and falls. We have analyzed and presented the development of ISC patterns, encompassing the step preceding the slip initiation and duration of slip until it stops. The results show that the ISC patterns during slip recovery deviate considerably from the normal walking patterns. A newly proposed Euclidian distance-based metric (EDM) was used to quantify the deviation from the normal walking ISC pattern during four slip recoveries and three falls evaluated at gait events such as slip start, foot strike, and peak height of the swing foot. The timing of gait events after slip, pattern of EDM, placement of the feet after slip and temporal patterns of each limb angle have been presented. This initial investigation provides insight into the ISC during slip recovery which highlights the human natural recovery trajectories during such perturbations. The observed patterns of the ISC trajectories during slip can be used for the design of human-inspired controllers for exoskeleton devices that can provide external assistance to human subjects during balance recovery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218076-5
ISSN	1873-2380 ; 0021-9290
ISSN (online)	1873-2380
ISSN	0021-9290
DOI	10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112097
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Article: Ultrasound-Guided Genicular Nerve Blocks for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery in an Outpatient Setting: A Case Series.

Ramanujam, Vendhan / DiMaria, Stephen / Varma, Vivek

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e44550

Abstract: Arthroscopic knee anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is commonly performed as an outpatient surgery, where adequate pain control and early ambulation play key roles in recovery and discharge. Peripheral nerve blocks aid in this purpose. ... ...

Abstract	Arthroscopic knee anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is commonly performed as an outpatient surgery, where adequate pain control and early ambulation play key roles in recovery and discharge. Peripheral nerve blocks aid in this purpose. Blockade of the genicular nerves, the articular branches of the knee, has recently become popular for knee surgery. We report on four patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with ultrasound-guided genicular nerve blocks (GNBs) under general anesthesia. The blocks were reliably performed without any complications, and the patients experienced good pain control, reduced opioid intake, and timely discharge following the surgery. These findings necessitate future investigations into the use of GNBs in ACL reconstruction.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.44550
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Thromboelastography in the Perioperative Period: A Literature Review.

Ramanujam, Vendhan / DiMaria, Stephen / Varma, Vivek

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 5, Page(s) e39407

Abstract: Assessing coagulation status is essential for prompt intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality related to bleeding and thrombotic complications during the perioperative period. Traditional coagulation tests such as platelet count, activated partial ... ...

Abstract	Assessing coagulation status is essential for prompt intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality related to bleeding and thrombotic complications during the perioperative period. Traditional coagulation tests such as platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), and activated clotting time (ACT) provide only static evaluation. These tests are not designed for assessment of dynamically changing coagulation conditions during the perioperative time. However, viscoelastic coagulation testing such as thromboelastography (TEG) produces a rapid numerical and graphical representation that helps to detect and direct targeted hemostatic therapy. Searching the literature through PubMed, Medline, Ovid, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov we retrieved 210 studies, which represent the use of TEG in the perioperative period. The included studies were categorized under various settings such as trauma, obstetrics, orthopedics, intensive care unit (ICU), cardiovascular, transplant, and miscellaneous scenarios. TEG showed promising results in trauma surgeries in predicting mortality, hypercoagulability, and bleeding even when it was compared to conventional methods. TEG was also useful in monitoring anticoagulant therapy in orthopedic and obstetric surgeries; however, its role in predicting thrombotic events, hypercoagulability, or complications was questionable. In ICU patients, it showed promising results, especially in the prediction or improvement of sepsis, coagulopathy, thrombotic events, ICU duration, hospital stay, and ventilator duration. TEG parameters effectively predicted hypercoagulation in transplant surgeries. Regarding cardiovascular surgeries, they were effective in the prediction of the need for blood products, coagulopathy, thrombotic events, and monitoring anticoagulation therapy. More randomized clinical trials comparing TEG parameters with standardized tools are needed to produce robust results to standardize its use in different perioperative settings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.39407
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Summarizing Indian Languages using Multilingual Transformers based Models

Taunk, Dhaval / Varma, Vasudeva

2023

Abstract: With the advent of multilingual models like mBART, mT5, IndicBART etc., summarization in low resource Indian languages is getting a lot of attention now a days. But still the number of datasets is low in number. In this work, we (Team HakunaMatata) study ...

Abstract	With the advent of multilingual models like mBART, mT5, IndicBART etc., summarization in low resource Indian languages is getting a lot of attention now a days. But still the number of datasets is low in number. In this work, we (Team HakunaMatata) study how these multilingual models perform on the datasets which have Indian languages as source and target text while performing summarization. We experimented with IndicBART and mT5 models to perform the experiments and report the ROUGE-1, ROUGE-2, ROUGE-3 and ROUGE-4 scores as a performance metric.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computation and Language
Publishing date	2023-03-29
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: LLM-RM at SemEval-2023 Task 2

Mehta, Rahul / Varma, Vasudeva

Multilingual Complex NER using XLM-RoBERTa

2023

Abstract: Named Entity Recognition(NER) is a task of recognizing entities at a token level in a sentence. This paper focuses on solving NER tasks in a multilingual setting for complex named entities. Our team, LLM-RM participated in the recently organized SemEval ... ...

Abstract	Named Entity Recognition(NER) is a task of recognizing entities at a token level in a sentence. This paper focuses on solving NER tasks in a multilingual setting for complex named entities. Our team, LLM-RM participated in the recently organized SemEval 2023 task, Task 2: MultiCoNER II,Multilingual Complex Named Entity Recognition. We approach the problem by leveraging cross-lingual representation provided by fine-tuning XLM-Roberta base model on datasets of all of the 12 languages provided -- Bangla, Chinese, English, Farsi, French, German, Hindi, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish and Ukrainian Comment: Submitted to SemEval-2023, The 17th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation
Keywords	Computer Science - Computation and Language
Publishing date	2023-05-05
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Seismic analysis of high-rise building with tuned mass damper and core column

Vaishnavi Mariyala / Satyanarayana G.V.V. / Varma V. Naresh Kumar

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 391, p

2023 Volume 01199

Abstract: Earthquakes are one of the most vulnerable disasters that effected many countries including India. Due to continuous ground motions caused by an earthquake the structure gets damaged or even collapses causing human loss, property loss and psychological ... ...

Abstract	Earthquakes are one of the most vulnerable disasters that effected many countries including India. Due to continuous ground motions caused by an earthquake the structure gets damaged or even collapses causing human loss, property loss and psychological fear among humans. Many techniques are available to resist the structure from seismic loads like base isolation devices, seismic dampers, shear walls, outrigger structure, braces. All of these devices aid in lowering the structure’s responsiveness, but they also have their limitations. Once a major earthquake strikes the structure, these devices must be replaced. The newest technology structures that use Tunes Mass Damper (TMD) and ancient technology Core Column (central pillar or shinbashira) function better during earthquakes. In order to reduce the vibration of the building, the TMD is tuned to the same damping ratio of the main structure, whereas Core Column is placed at the centre of the building throughout the height. In this project, a 40-storey three dimensional RCC building without any devices, with TMD and with Core Column in seismic zones V, with soil type-medium will be modelled and analysed using SAP2000 v.20 software. As to IS 1893: 2016 Part-1, dynamic analysis, such as Time History analysis of Bhuj 2001 earthquake and El – Centro 1940 earthquake will be performed. Maximum displacement, storey drift, and maximum accelerations are recorded as responses to the analysis. The data from the results are plotted using MATLAB software.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: 3D simulations of oxygen shell burning with and without magnetic fields.

Varma, Vishnu / Müller, Bernhard

Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

2021 Volume 504, Issue 1, Page(s) 636–647

Abstract: We present a first 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of convective oxygen and neon shell burning in a non-rotating [Formula: see text] star shortly before core collapse to study the generation of magnetic fields in supernova progenitors. We also ... ...

Abstract	We present a first 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of convective oxygen and neon shell burning in a non-rotating [Formula: see text] star shortly before core collapse to study the generation of magnetic fields in supernova progenitors. We also run a purely hydrodynamic control simulation to gauge the impact of the magnetic fields on the convective flow and on convective boundary mixing. After about 17 convective turnover times, the magnetic field is approaching saturation levels in the oxygen shell with an average field strength of [Formula: see text], and does not reach kinetic equipartition. The field remains dominated by small-to-medium scales, and the dipole field strength at the base of the oxygen shell is only [Formula: see text]. The angle-averaged diagonal components of the Maxwell stress tensor mirror those of the Reynolds stress tensor, but are about one order of magnitude smaller. The shear flow at the oxygen-neon shell interface creates relatively strong fields parallel to the convective boundary, which noticeably inhibit the turbulent entrainment of neon into the oxygen shell. The reduced ingestion of neon lowers the nuclear energy generation rate in the oxygen shell and thereby slightly slows down the convective flow. Aside from this indirect effect, we find that magnetic fields do not appreciably alter the flow inside the oxygen shell. We discuss the implications of our results for the subsequent core-collapse supernova and stress the need for longer simulations, resolution studies, and an investigation of non-ideal effects for a better understanding of magnetic fields in supernova progenitors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	207232-4
ISSN	0035-8711
ISSN	0035-8711
DOI	10.1093/mnras/stab883
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Article ; Online: A review on decentralized wastewater treatment systems in India.

Geetha Varma, V / Jha, Swetti / Himesh Karthik Raju, L / Lalith Kishore, R / Ranjith, V

Chemosphere

2022 Volume 300, Page(s) 134462

Abstract: Pollution of water resources and a lack of potable water are two important issues that city dwellers in India encounter. The passage of untreated sewage down municipal drains is one of the most significant sources of water resource pollution. In densely ... ...

Abstract	Pollution of water resources and a lack of potable water are two important issues that city dwellers in India encounter. The passage of untreated sewage down municipal drains is one of the most significant sources of water resource pollution. In densely populated areas, effective sanitation and wastewater management is becoming increasingly difficult. In many developing nations, centralized sewage and wastewater treatment facilities serve only a section of big cities, and on-site sanitation is frequently insufficient in heavily populated areas. There is a demand for complementary and intermediate solutions. DEWATS (community-managed anaerobic decentralized wastewater treatment systems) is a good option for the possibility of relatively fast sanitation improvements in high-priority neighbourhoods where the local authority is not providing a full sanitation service. The following technical treatment modules are typically seen in DEWATS. The primary treatment consists of sedimentation ponds, settlers, septic tanks or bio digester, secondary treatment consists of anaerobic baffled reactors, anaerobic filters or anaerobic and facultative pond systems, secondary aerobic/facultative treatment consists of horizontal gravel filters and post-treatment consists of aerobic polishing ponds. The experience of India in establishing community-managed DEWATS on a large scale is examined in this review.
MeSH term(s)	Cities ; India ; Sewage ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; Waste Water/analysis ; Water Purification
Chemical Substances	Sewage ; Waste Water
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	120089-6
ISSN	1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
ISSN (online)	1879-1298
ISSN	0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
DOI	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134462
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Article ; Online: Analysis of donor morbidity in 177 donor hepatectomies for living donor liver transplant: Experience from a high-volume centre in western India.

Sable, Shailesh / Varma, Vibha / Kapoor, Sorabh / Poyekar, Samriddhi / Nath, Barun / Kumaran, Vinay

Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology

2024

Abstract: Background: Living donor liver transplant (LDLT) is based on the principle of double equipoise. Organ shortage in Asian countries has led to development of high-volume LDLT programs with good outcomes. Safety of live liver donor is the Achilles heel of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Living donor liver transplant (LDLT) is based on the principle of double equipoise. Organ shortage in Asian countries has led to development of high-volume LDLT programs with good outcomes. Safety of live liver donor is the Achilles heel of LDLT program and every effort should be made to achieve low morbidity and near zero mortality rates. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed our prospectively maintained donor morbidity data (outcomes) of 177 donors in a new transplant program setup in western India by an experienced surgeon. The primary end point was to analyze the morbidity rates and the factors associated with it. Results: None of the donors in our cohort of 177 donors developed grade IV or V complication (Clavien-Dindo classification). One-fourth (1/4th) of the donors developed complications ranging from grade I to grade III(b). The rate of complications according to modified Clavien-Dindo classification is as follows: (1) grade I in 5.6% (n = 10), (2) grade II in 14.6% (n = 26), (3) grade III(a) in 3.9% (n = 7), (4) grade III(b) in 2.2% (n = 4). Three donors (1.6%) developed post-hepatectomy intra-abdominal bleeding and required re-exploration (grade IIIb). All of them recovered well post-surgery and are doing well in follow-up. The mean follow-up of the entire cohort was 2871 ± 521 days (range 1926-3736 days). Conclusion: Donor safety (outcome) is determined by meticulous donor surgery and good-quality remnant.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-17
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632595-6
ISSN	0975-0711 ; 0254-8860
ISSN (online)	0975-0711
ISSN	0254-8860
DOI	10.1007/s12664-024-01552-y
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Article: Nutrient deposition enhances post‐fire survival in non‐N‐fixing savanna tree seedlings

Varma, Varun / Sankaran, Mahesh

Journal of vegetation science. 2021 Mar., v. 32, no. 2

2021

Abstract: QUESTIONS: Nutrient deposition can modify plant growth and potentially alter the susceptibility of plants to disturbance events, while simultaneously influencing properties of the disturbance regimes themselves. With deposition rates accelerating, ... ...

Abstract	QUESTIONS: Nutrient deposition can modify plant growth and potentially alter the susceptibility of plants to disturbance events, while simultaneously influencing properties of the disturbance regimes themselves. With deposition rates accelerating, ecosystems such as savannas and tropical dry forests that are characterised by frequent disturbances such as fire, might be particularly sensitive to changes in nutrient availability. In these mixed tree–grass ecosystems, tree seedling growth rates strongly influence the ability of seedlings to survive fire, and hence, vegetation structure and tree community composition. However, the effects of nutrient deposition on the susceptibility of recruiting trees to fire remain poorly quantified. Here we ask: (a) how does nutrient deposition influence post‐fire survival of tree seedlings, and hence, tree recruitment in savannas; and (b) whether the co‐dominant functional groups (N‐fixers and non‐N‐fixers) respond differently, signalling a potential for long‐term changes in tree communities. LOCATION: Savannas and tropical dry forests of India. METHODS: In a field experiment, seedlings of four N‐fixing and four non‐N‐fixing savanna tree species were grown for 18 months while exposed to a factorial combination of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition. We quantified nutrient‐mediated changes in mean seedling growth and growth of the fastest growing individuals. Seedlings were then exposed to a fire treatment at the end of 18 months, and post‐fire seedling survival recorded after six months. RESULTS: N‐fixers showed substantially greater post‐fire seedling survival compared to non‐N‐fixers in unfertilised treatments. Nutrient addition did not alter post‐fire survival of N‐fixers. However, fertilisation, especially with N, increased post‐fire survival in non‐N‐fixers by increasing the growth of the fastest growing individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrient deposition can dilute the relative advantage of N‐fixing seedlings in terms of their post‐fire survival, potentially leading to increased relative abundances of non‐N‐fixers in post‐fire resprout communities, with long‐term consequences for the composition of savanna tree communities.
Keywords	community structure ; field experimentation ; nitrogen ; nutrient availability ; phosphorus ; savannas ; seedling growth ; seedlings ; species recruitment ; trees ; vegetation structure ; India
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-03
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1053769-7
ISSN	1100-9233
ISSN	1100-9233
DOI	10.1111/jvs.13020
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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