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Article: The accuracy of in vivo nitrogen determination: a comment on the distribution of the composite sensitivity through the body.

Vartsky, D

1981 Volume 26, Issue 3, Page(s) 514–515

MeSH term(s)	Neutron Activation Analysis ; Nitrogen/analysis
Chemical Substances	Nitrogen (N762921K75)
Language	English
Publishing date	1981-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	208857-5
ISSN	1361-6560 ; 0031-9155
ISSN (online)	1361-6560
ISSN	0031-9155
DOI	10.1088/0031-9155/26/3/016
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Book ; Online: First results of Resistive-Plate Well (RPWELL) detector operation at 163 K

Roy, A. / Morales, M. / Israelashvili, I. / Breskin, A. / Bressler, S. / Gonzalez-Diaz, D. / Pecharromán, C. / Shchemelinin, S. / Vartsky, D. / Arazi, L.

2019

Abstract: We present for the first time, discharge-free operation at cryogenic conditions of a Resistive-Plate WELL (RPWELL) detector. It is a single-sided Thick Gaseous Electron Multiplier (THGEM) coupled to a readout anode via a plate of high bulk resistivity. ... ...

Abstract	We present for the first time, discharge-free operation at cryogenic conditions of a Resistive-Plate WELL (RPWELL) detector. It is a single-sided Thick Gaseous Electron Multiplier (THGEM) coupled to a readout anode via a plate of high bulk resistivity. The results of single- and double-stage RPWELL detectors operated in stable conditions in Ne/5$\%$CH$_{4}$ at 163 K are summarized. The RPWELL comprised a ferric-based (Fe$^{3+}$) ceramic composite ("Fe-ceramic") as the resistive plate, of volume resistivity $\sim$$10^{11}$ $\Omega$$\cdot$cm at this temperature. Gains of $\sim$$10^{4}$ and $\sim$$10^{5}$ were reached with the single-stage RPWELL, with 6 keV X-rays and single UV-photons, respectively. The double-stage detector, a THGEM followed by the RPWELL, reached gains $\sim$$10^{5}$ and $\sim$$10^{6}$ with X-rays and single UV-photons, respectively. The results were obtained with and without a CsI photocathode on the first multiplying element. Potential applications at these cryogenic conditions are discussed. Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, to be submitted to JINST
Keywords	Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Subject code	621
Publishing date	2019-07-11
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Quantitative discrimination between oil and water in drilled bore cores via Fast-Neutron Resonance Transmission Radiography.

Vartsky, D / Goldberg, M B / Dangendorf, V / Israelashvili, I / Mor, I / Bar, D / Tittelmeier, K / Weierganz, M / Bromberger, B / Breskin, A

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine

2016 Volume 118, Page(s) 87–94

Abstract: A novel method utilizing the Fast Neutron Resonance Transmission Radiography is proposed for non-destructive, quantitative determination of the weight percentages of oil and water in cores taken from subterranean or underwater geological formations. The ... ...

Abstract	A novel method utilizing the Fast Neutron Resonance Transmission Radiography is proposed for non-destructive, quantitative determination of the weight percentages of oil and water in cores taken from subterranean or underwater geological formations. The ability of the method to distinguish water from oil stems from the unambiguously-specific energy dependence of the neutron cross-sections for the principal elemental constituents. Monte-Carlo simulations and initial results of experimental investigations indicate that the technique may provide a rapid, accurate and non-destructive method for quantitative evaluation of core fluids in thick intact cores, including those of tight shales for which the use of conventional core analytical approaches appears to be questionable.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1142596-9
ISSN	1872-9800 ; 0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
ISSN (online)	1872-9800
ISSN	0883-2889 ; 0969-8043
DOI	10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.08.018
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Book ; Online: Liquid Hole Multipliers

Arazi, L. / Erdal, E. / Coimbra, A. E. C. / Rappaport, M. L. / Vartsky, D. / Chepel, V. / Breskin, A.

bubble-assisted electroluminescence in liquid xenon

2015

Abstract: In this work we discuss the mechanism behind the large electroluminescence signals observed at relatively low electric fields in the holes of a Thick Gas Electron Multiplier (THGEM) electrode immersed in liquid xenon. We present strong evidence that the ... ...

Abstract	In this work we discuss the mechanism behind the large electroluminescence signals observed at relatively low electric fields in the holes of a Thick Gas Electron Multiplier (THGEM) electrode immersed in liquid xenon. We present strong evidence that the scintillation light is generated in xenon bubbles trapped below the THGEM holes. The process is shown to be remarkably stable over months of operation, providing - under specific thermodynamic conditions - energy resolution similar to that of present dual-phase liquid xenon experiments. The observed mechanism may serve as the basis for the development of Liquid Hole Multipliers (LHMs), capable of producing local charge-induced electroluminescence signals in large-volume single-phase noble-liquid detectors for dark matter and neutrino physics experiments. Comment: Submitted to JINST
Keywords	Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ; Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ; High Energy Physics - Experiment
Subject code	660
Publishing date	2015-05-09
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: New prospective for non-invasive detection, grading, size evaluation, and tumor location of prostate cancer.

Cortesi, M / Fridman, E / Volkov, A / Shilstein, S Sh / Chechik, R / Breskin, A / Vartsky, D / Raviv, G / Ramon, J

The Prostate

2010 Volume 70, Issue 15, Page(s) 1701–1708

Abstract: Background: PSA blood test and other present screening tools fail to provide the required sensitivity and specificity and, at early stages, lack correlation with tumor grade, volume, and location. Thus alternative approaches are highly desired. We ... ...

Abstract	Background: PSA blood test and other present screening tools fail to provide the required sensitivity and specificity and, at early stages, lack correlation with tumor grade, volume, and location. Thus alternative approaches are highly desired. We present and assess a novel method for PCa detection, grading, volume evaluation and tumor location, based on non-invasive zinc concentration mapping in the gland by means of a dedicated rectal probe. Methods: Zinc-concentration values measured in histologically examined tissue fragments from needle biopsy of 598 patients were analyzed. They were used to generate computer simulated zinc-concentration maps, further analyzed with image-processing tools. The tumor detection performances versus Gleason grade were assessed. Results: A significant increase of zinc depletion with increasing Gleason pattern (grade) classification was established. Tumor detection performance in zinc-concentration maps progressively improves with the cancer's first component score. Reliable information on the location, size and Gleason-grade combination of the lesion can be extracted for clinically relevant volumes. Conclusions: Zinc depletion in the prostate peripheral zone is the basis for a novel, non-invasive PCa detection, localization, volume evaluation and grading method. Its realization and application as a pre-biopsy and pre-treatment examination, or a follow-up tool, relies on the development of a dedicated transrectal probe. It should have significant impact on biopsy effectiveness, point at a possible extraprostatic extension and provide critical data for focal treatment. The information on tumor grade and distribution may have an important impact on disease management.
MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma/chemistry ; Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Computer Simulation ; Histocytochemistry ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging/methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms/chemistry ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Zinc/analysis
Chemical Substances	Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-11-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604707-5
ISSN	1097-0045 ; 0270-4137
ISSN (online)	1097-0045
ISSN	0270-4137
DOI	10.1002/pros.21205
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Article: Evaluating the cancer detection and grading potential of prostatic-zinc imaging: a simulation study.

Cortesi, M / Chechik, R / Breskin, A / Vartsky, D / Ramon, J / Raviv, G / Volkov, A / Fridman, E

Physics in medicine and biology

2009 Volume 54, Issue 3, Page(s) 781–796

Abstract: The present work deals with the analysis of prostatic-zinc-concentration images. The goal is to evaluate potential clinically relevant information that can be extracted from such images. In the absence of experimental images, synthetic ones are produced ... ...

Abstract	The present work deals with the analysis of prostatic-zinc-concentration images. The goal is to evaluate potential clinically relevant information that can be extracted from such images. In the absence of experimental images, synthetic ones are produced from clinically measured zinc-concentration distributions in certified benign and cancerous tissue samples, classified by the lesion grade. We describe the method for producing the images and model the effect of counting statistics noise. We present in detail the image analysis, which is based on a combination of standard image processing and segmentation tools, optimized for this particular application. The information on lowest zinc value obtained from the image analysis is translated to clinical data such as tumour presence, location, size and grade. Their confidence is evaluated with the help of standard statistical tools such as receiver operating characteristic analysis. The present work predicts a potential for detecting small prostate-cancer lesions, of grade (4+3) and above, with very good specificity and sensitivity. The present analysis further provides data on the pixel size and image counting statistics requested from the trans-rectal probe that will record in vivo prostatic-zinc maps in patients.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Image Enhancement/methods ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Models, Statistical ; Prostatic Neoplasms/classification ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tissue Distribution ; Zinc/analysis
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	208857-5
ISSN	1361-6560 ; 0031-9155
ISSN (online)	1361-6560
ISSN	0031-9155
DOI	10.1088/0031-9155/54/3/020
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Article: In vivo determination of prostatic zinc: phantom feasibility study.

Shilstein, S Sh / Breskin, A / Chechik, R / Feldman, G / Vartsky, D

Physics in medicine and biology

2003 Volume 49, Issue 4, Page(s) 485–499

Abstract: This paper describes a phantom-based feasibility study for a potential in vivo determination of zinc in prostate, which could bring about improved diagnosis of prostate cancer. An x-ray fluorescence topographic technique was developed, which will permit ... ...

Abstract	This paper describes a phantom-based feasibility study for a potential in vivo determination of zinc in prostate, which could bring about improved diagnosis of prostate cancer. An x-ray fluorescence topographic technique was developed, which will permit determination of the Zn content in the prostate through the rectum, namely behind a 2-3 mm thick layer of the rectal wall. The topographic approach, together with a reconstruction method developed here, minimizes the interference of Zn from non-prostatic tissue. The phantom studies show that it will be possible to determine Zn in a prostatic compartment behind a few mm thick layer of tissue using a specially designed transrectal probe. Such a probe is currently under development in our laboratories.
MeSH term(s)	Feasibility Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Prostate/chemistry ; Prostate/diagnostic imaging ; Prostatic Diseases/diagnosis ; Prostatic Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission/methods ; Zinc/analysis
Chemical Substances	Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-05-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	208857-5
ISSN	1361-6560 ; 0031-9155
ISSN (online)	1361-6560
ISSN	0031-9155
DOI	10.1088/0031-9155/49/4/001
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Article: Prostatic zinc and prostate specific antigen: an experimental evaluation of their combined diagnostic value.

Vartsky, D / Shilstein, S / Bercovich, A / Huszar, M / Breskin, A / Chechik, R / Korotinsky, S / Malnick, S D / Moriel, E

The Journal of urology

2003 Volume 170, Issue 6 Pt 1, Page(s) 2258–2262

Abstract: Purpose: In cancer affected prostate cells lose the ability to concentrate zinc, resulting in a substantial decrease in Zn in the prostate. We investigated the possibility of using prostatic zinc combined with prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a novel ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: In cancer affected prostate cells lose the ability to concentrate zinc, resulting in a substantial decrease in Zn in the prostate. We investigated the possibility of using prostatic zinc combined with prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a novel tool for the reliable diagnosis of prostate cancer. Materials and methods: Using the x-ray fluorescence method the Zn concentration was determined in vitro in prostate samples extracted by surgery from 28 patients. Clinical records included age, serum PSA, sextant prostate needle biopsy, previous medical therapy, surgical procedure and histological findings. Results: A new relationship was found between Zn in prostate tissue and PSA in blood, which allows improved separation between prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia, and might have a significant impact on the reliable diagnosis of prostate cancer. Conclusions: Zn concentration is not uniform even in the same anatomical region of the prostate, so that a number of measurements at various locations are required for a diagnostic procedure. The most interesting finding in this study is the relationship between Zn concentration and PSA. A combination of these parameters represents a significant improvement on the diagnostic value of each of them separately and provides a powerful tool for more accurate diagnosis. Although the method may be applied in vitro on biopsy samples, our study underlines the importance of developing a facility for in vivo Zn determination in the prostate.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate/chemistry ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ; Zinc/analysis
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Prostate-Specific Antigen (EC 3.4.21.77) ; Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3176-8
ISSN	1527-3792 ; 0022-5347
ISSN (online)	1527-3792
ISSN	0022-5347
DOI	10.1097/01.ju.0000095795.86327.b8
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Article: Clinical assessment of the cancer diagnostic value of prostatic zinc: a comprehensive needle-biopsy study.

Cortesi, M / Fridman, E / Volkov, A / Shilstein, S Sh / Chechik, R / Breskin, A / Vartsky, D / Kleinman, N / Kogan, G / Moriel, E / Gladysh, V / Huszar, M / Ramon, J / Raviv, G

The Prostate

2008 Volume 68, Issue 9, Page(s) 994–1006

Abstract: Background: The correlation between Zinc concentration in the prostate's peripheral zone to the onset or presence of malignant process needs to be evaluated in detail.: Methods: Zinc concentration was measured in approximately 1-4 mm3 segments of ... ...

Abstract	Background: The correlation between Zinc concentration in the prostate's peripheral zone to the onset or presence of malignant process needs to be evaluated in detail. Methods: Zinc concentration was measured in approximately 1-4 mm3 segments of fresh needle-biopsy cores, with X-ray fluorescence, and correlated with the histological findings of these tissue segments. Results: Local Zinc concentration is correlated with the presence of cancer (PCa); the higher the Gleason score the greater the Local Zinc depletion. The Zinc value averaged over the entire extracted tissue is specific only to Gleason score 8-9 PCa. The results refer to patients avoiding Zinc-rich supplements since those show elevated prostatic Zinc concentration in identified cancer tissue. A computer simulation analysis of randomly located 0.03-3.3 cm3 lesions, with particular Gleason score and the measured Local Zinc concentration, revealed a potential diagnostic approach definitely superior to PSA, with sensitivity to the tumor grade and with excellent detection capability for Gleason score >6. Further clinical studies have been designed, both on full prostates after radical prostatectomy as well as on biopsy cores at higher resolution, to establish the accuracy of the method for Gleason score = 6. Conclusions: The PCa diagnostic potential of Local Zinc concentration is confirmed and there is indication that the amount of Zinc depletion could be used as a measure of the Gleason score of the tumor. Local Zinc concentration mapping has the potential to improve patient selection for biopsy, biopsy site selection and local therapy (e.g., Cryotherapy, Brachytherapy) site selection.
MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma/chemistry ; Adenocarcinoma/metabolism ; Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Neoplasms/chemistry ; Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology ; ROC Curve ; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission ; Zinc/analysis ; Zinc/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-06-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604707-5
ISSN	1097-0045 ; 0270-4137
ISSN (online)	1097-0045
ISSN	0270-4137
DOI	10.1002/pros.20766
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Article: In vivo neutron activation analysis: preliminary investigations of a technique for improving the uniformity of thermal neutron flux in the body.

Vartsky, D / Thomas, B J

Physics in medicine and biology

1976 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 139–142

MeSH term(s)	Activation Analysis/methods ; Body Composition ; Neutron Activation Analysis/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	1976-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208857-5
ISSN	1361-6560 ; 0031-9155
ISSN (online)	1361-6560
ISSN	0031-9155
DOI	10.1088/0031-9155/21/1/013
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