Article ; Online: Autoantibodies Against C3b-Functional Consequences and Disease Relevance.
2019 Volume 10, Page(s) 64
Abstract: The complement component C3 is at the heart of the complement cascade. It is a complex protein, which generates different functional activated fragments (C3a, C3b, iC3b, C3c, C3d). C3b is a constituent of the alternative pathway C3 convertase (C3bBb), ... ...
| Abstract | The complement component C3 is at the heart of the complement cascade. It is a complex protein, which generates different functional activated fragments (C3a, C3b, iC3b, C3c, C3d). C3b is a constituent of the alternative pathway C3 convertase (C3bBb), binds multiple regulators, and receptors, affecting thus the functioning of the immune system. The activated forms of C3 are a target for autoantibodies. This review focuses on the discovery, disease relevance, and functional consequences of the anti-C3b autoantibodies. They were discovered about 70 years ago and named immunoconglutinins. They were found after infections and considered convalescent factors. At the end of the twentieth century IgG against C3b were found in systemic lupus erythematosus and recently in lupus nephritis, correlating with the disease severity and flare. Cases of C3 glomerulopathy and immune complex glomerulonephritis were also reported. These antibodies recognize epitopes, shared between C3(H2O)/C3b/iC3b/C3c and have overt functional activity. They correlate with low plasmatic C3 levels in patients. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Animals ; Complement Activation ; Complement C3 Nephritic Factor/metabolism ; Complement C3-C5 Convertases/metabolism ; Complement C3b/immunology ; Complement C3b/metabolism ; Complement C3b Inactivator Proteins/metabolism ; Complement Factor H/metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes/immunology ; Epitopes/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoconglutinins/immunology ; Immunoconglutinins/metabolism ; Lupus Nephritis/immunology ; Mice ; Severity of Illness Index |
| Chemical Substances | Complement C3 Nephritic Factor ; Complement C3b Inactivator Proteins ; Epitopes ; Immunoconglutinins ; Complement C3b (80295-43-8) ; Complement Factor H (80295-65-4) ; Complement C3-C5 Convertases (EC 3.4.21.-) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2019-01-29 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review |
| ZDB-ID | 2606827-8 |
| ISSN | 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224 |
| ISSN (online) | 1664-3224 |
| ISSN | 1664-3224 |
| DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00064 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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