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  1. Article ; Online: A Video-Based Assessment Tool to Measure Intraoperative Laparoscopic Suturing Using a Modified Script Concordance Methodology.

    Enani, Ghada / Vassiliou, Melina / Kaneva, Pepa / Watanabe, Yusuke / Munshi, Amani

    Journal of surgical education

    2023  Volume 80, Issue 7, Page(s) 1005–1011

    Abstract: Objectives: Laparoscopic suturing (LS) is a challenging laparoscopic skill to teach. Its complexity and nuances are not modeled or measured in current simulation and assessment platforms.The script concordance test (SCT) is used to assess clinical ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Laparoscopic suturing (LS) is a challenging laparoscopic skill to teach. Its complexity and nuances are not modeled or measured in current simulation and assessment platforms.The script concordance test (SCT) is used to assess clinical reasoning.The purpose of this study is to provide evidence for validity of this novel SCT based online assessment for LS skills.
    Design: We designed a video-based online SCT for LS using a cognitive task analysis and expert panelists.The CTA yielded 4 LS domains: needle handling (NH), tissue handling (TH), knot tying techniques (KT) and operative ergonomics (OE). Five-point scales with anchoring descriptors from -2 to +2 were used. Scoring was based on a modified SCT methodology.
    Setting and participants: The test was administrated to 37 subjects (18 experts and 19 novices). There was no time limit given. A different expert group from the minimal invasive surgery (MIS) panelist were recruited. Experts were defined as surgeons and fellows with LS experience of >25 cases annually. Validity was assessed by comparing SCT scores of experienced and inexperienced surgeons. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the internal consistency of the test.
    Results: The survey started off with 47 questions in each of the following domains: 13 NH, 4 TH, 20 KT and 10 OE. Thirty-seven surgeons (18 experts and 19 inexperienced surgeons). Questions that demonstrated a large discrepancy among experts and panelists with a weighted score difference more than 40 were discarded (n = 20). One question was discarded because it received a 100% score from all participants. This yielded 26 remaining questions in the following domains: 8 NH, 2 TH, 11 KT and 5 OE. The test reliability level (Cronbach a) was 0.80. The mean score was 72 ± 9% and 63 ± 15% (p = 0.02) for experts and inexperienced surgeons, respectively. The mean time to complete the test was 21 minutes.
    Conclusion: This study provides validity evidence for a novel intraoperative LS assessment. The variability of responses between experts and panelists suggests that SCT may capture the clinical differences/surgeon preferences in performing LS intraoperatively.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Clinical Competence ; Laparoscopy/education ; Surgeons/education ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Educational Measurement/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2277538-9
    ISSN 1878-7452 ; 1931-7204
    ISSN (online) 1878-7452
    ISSN 1931-7204
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsurg.2023.04.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Teaching and Assessing Cognitive Competencies in Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery.

    Al-Halabi, Becher / Vassiliou, Melina / Gilardino, Mirko

    Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    2022  Volume 150, Issue 2, Page(s) 455e–464e

    Abstract: Background: Cognition, part of surgical competence, employs forward planning, error prevention, and orchestration of technical skills. Thus, an understanding of mental processes used by experts throughout patient care is essential to teaching such ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cognition, part of surgical competence, employs forward planning, error prevention, and orchestration of technical skills. Thus, an understanding of mental processes used by experts throughout patient care is essential to teaching such competencies. The authors' study aimed to analyze and compare mental models of two distinct procedures in plastic surgery-breast augmentation and flexor tendon repair-to develop a framework to define cognitive competencies in plastic surgery aided by a review of the literature.
    Methods: Based on data from a priori cognitive task analyses, literary sources, and field observations of breast augmentation surgery and flexor tendon repair, task lists were produced for each procedure. Two mental models were developed using fuzzy logic cognitive maps to visually illustrate and analyze cognitive processes used in either procedure. A comparison of the models aided by literature was used to define the cognitive competencies employed, identify differences in the decision-making process, and provide a guiding framework for understanding cognitive competencies.
    Results: Five distinct cognitive competency domains were identified from the literature applicable to plastic surgery: situation awareness, decision-making, task management, leadership, and communication and teamwork. Differences in processes of decision-making utilized between an elective and a trauma setting were identified. A framework to map cognitive competencies within a generic mental model in surgical care was synthesized, and methods were suggested for training on such competencies.
    Conclusion: Cognitive competencies in different settings in plastic surgery are introduced using a comparative study of two mental models of distinct procedures to guide the teaching and assessment of such competencies.
    MeSH term(s) Clinical Competence ; Cognition ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures/education ; Surgery, Plastic/education
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 208012-6
    ISSN 1529-4242 ; 0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
    ISSN (online) 1529-4242
    ISSN 0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
    DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000009295
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: An evaluation of techniques used in superficial radiotherapy for non-melanoma skin cancer to replicate the planned treatment area: A prospective study.

    Vassiliou, M / Callender, J / Manning-Stanley, A S

    Radiography (London, England : 1995)

    2019  Volume 25, Issue 4, Page(s) 280–287

    Abstract: Introduction: Accuracy of superficial radiotherapy for non-melanoma skin cancer is dependent on replicating the original clinical mark-up. Responses from 18 UK Radiotherapy centres identified the four most common replication techniques; the accuracy and ...

    Abstract Introduction: Accuracy of superficial radiotherapy for non-melanoma skin cancer is dependent on replicating the original clinical mark-up. Responses from 18 UK Radiotherapy centres identified the four most common replication techniques; the accuracy and time-efficiency of each was evaluated, as well as participant preference and confidence.
    Methods: A 2.0  cm × 2.5  cm ellipse field was drawn around the nasal ala of a surrogate patient. Templates for each replication method (1-4) were created, and skin marks removed. Twenty-five therapeutic radiographers used each method to replicate the mark-up. Measurements were recorded for lateral and longitudinal displacement, ellipse diameter and time taken. A post-study questionnaire recorded participant preference and perceived confidence.
    Results: Comparison of the mean ellipse areas for methods 1-4 identified no statistically significant differences (ANOVA test; p = 0.579 to p = 0.999). Lateral and longitudinal displacements for method 1-4 showed a statistically significant difference between method 3 and each of methods 1, 2, 4 for lateral and longitudinal respectively (ANOVA; lateral: p = 0.008, p = 0.002, p = 0.05; longitudinal: p = 0.036, p = 0.000, and p = 0.000). Mean time taken was longest for method 3, and was compared using a Friedman test (p = 0.000) identifying a statistically significant difference. Twenty-two participants completed the questionnaire. 48% favoured method 2, 41% method 4. Method 3 was least favourite. A Likert scale (1-10) measured confidence. Participants had most confidence in methods 2 and 4.
    Conclusion: In this study, method 3 was least accurate, most time consuming, and was least favoured by users. The clinical significance of these results will depend on the margins used in local practise.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Nose ; Prospective Studies ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Protection/instrumentation ; Skin Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1289102-2
    ISSN 1532-2831 ; 1078-8174
    ISSN (online) 1532-2831
    ISSN 1078-8174
    DOI 10.1016/j.radi.2019.04.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Book: Historical dictionary of the petroleum industry

    Vassiliou, M. S

    (Historical dictionaries of professions and industries)

    2018  

    Author's details M.S. Vassiliou
    Series title Historical dictionaries of professions and industries
    Keywords Gas engineering/History ; Petroleum engineering/History ; Petroleum industry and trade/History
    Language English
    Size pages cm
    Edition Second edition
    Publisher Rowman & Littlefield
    Publishing place Lanham
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references
    ISBN 9781538111598 ; 9781538111604 ; 1538111594 ; 1538111608
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  5. Article ; Online: An argument-based validation study of the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) program.

    Wagner, Maryam / Gomez-Garibello, Carlos / Seymour, Neal / Okrainec, Allan / Vassiliou, Melina

    Surgical endoscopy

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 7, Page(s) 5351–5357

    Abstract: Background: The Fundamentals of Laparoscopy Surgery (FLS) program was launched over 15 years ago. Since then, there has been an exponential rise in advancements of laparoscopy and its uses. In response, we conducted an argument-based validation study of ...

    Abstract Background: The Fundamentals of Laparoscopy Surgery (FLS) program was launched over 15 years ago. Since then, there has been an exponential rise in advancements of laparoscopy and its uses. In response, we conducted an argument-based validation study of FLS. The purpose of this paper is to exemplify this approach to validation for surgical education researchers using FLS as an illustrative case.
    Methods: The argument-based approach to validation involves three key actions: (1) developing interpretation and use arguments; (2) research; and (3) building a validity argument. Drawing from the validation study of FLS each step is exemplified.
    Results: Qualitative and quantitative data sources from the FLS validity examination study provided evidence that both supported claims, but also generated backing for rebuttals. Some of the key findings were synthesized in a validity argument to illustrate its structure.
    Discussion: The argument-based validation approach described numerous advantages over other validation approaches: (1) it is endorsed by the foundational documents in assessment and evaluation research; (2) its specific language of claims, inferences, warrants, assumptions and rebuttals provides a systematic and unified way to communicate both the processes and outcomes of validation; and (3) the use of logic reasoning in building the validity document clearly delineates the relationship between evidence and the inferences made to support desired uses and interpretations from assessments.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Clinical Competence ; Laparoscopy/education ; Educational Measurement
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639039-0
    ISSN 1432-2218 ; 0930-2794
    ISSN (online) 1432-2218
    ISSN 0930-2794
    DOI 10.1007/s00464-023-10020-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The entrustable professional activities of laparoscopic surgery: moving toward an integrated training model.

    Gomez-Garibello, Carlos / Wagner, Maryam / Seymour, Neal / Okrainec, Allan / Vassiliou, Melina

    Surgical endoscopy

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 7, Page(s) 5335–5339

    Abstract: Background: Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) provide the opportunity to integrate multiple competencies into meaningful units that facilitate curriculum development and assessment design. As part of the process of reviewing and enhancing the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) provide the opportunity to integrate multiple competencies into meaningful units that facilitate curriculum development and assessment design. As part of the process of reviewing and enhancing the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic of Surgery (FLS) program, we used the concept of EPAs to create a framework of reference that articulates a contemporary definition of Laparoscopic Surgery (LS).
    Methods: The framework of reference of LS was created with data gathered from a literature review and during series of educational retreats with subject matter experts (SMEs). Various activities were implemented during these retreats to develop the LS EPAs, their constitutive competencies, and related observable behaviors.
    Results: Ten EPAs and associated competency descriptors (articulated as observable behaviors) specific to LS were identified. In addition, knowledge areas were associated to each EPA.
    Discussion: A comprehensive list of EPAs for LS were identified. These EPAs will be used in the development and update of the FLS program. Further, they can be used to guide the development of curriculum, clinical teaching, and assessment in any surgical program with a laparoscopic training component. They are applicable to any level of training by defining the expected observable behaviors associated with a given level of expertise. These fundamental aspects of LS provide a common framework of reference across different surgical specialties.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Competency-Based Education ; Curriculum ; Educational Measurement ; Clinical Competence ; Internship and Residency
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-29
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639039-0
    ISSN 1432-2218 ; 0930-2794
    ISSN (online) 1432-2218
    ISSN 0930-2794
    DOI 10.1007/s00464-023-10022-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Defining Cognitive Competencies for Breast Augmentation Surgery.

    Al-Halabi, Becher / Madani, Amin / Alabdulkarim, Abdulaziz / Vassiliou, Melina / Gilardino, Mirko

    Journal of surgical education

    2023  Volume 80, Issue 6, Page(s) 873–883

    Abstract: Background: Breast augmentation is the most performed aesthetic procedure in the United States yet one that surgical trainees have limited exposure to. This creates a lack of confidence in performing this key procedure among graduates. It is imperative ... ...

    Abstract Background: Breast augmentation is the most performed aesthetic procedure in the United States yet one that surgical trainees have limited exposure to. This creates a lack of confidence in performing this key procedure among graduates. It is imperative to develop novel curricula and objective measures to standardize acquiring competency.
    Objective: This qualitative study establishes various cognitive competencies and pitfalls in augmentation mammoplasty.
    Methods: Using a priori established task analysis, literary sources and operative observations, a total of 20 cognitive vignettes were developed to conduct cognitive task analyses (CTA) for breast augmentation through semistructured interviews of experts. Interviews were itemized, and verbal data were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed by reviewers.
    Results: Eight experts were interviewed (median age 39 years, 87.5% males, with a median of 7 years in practice). A conceptual framework for breast augmentation was developed and divided into 5 operative stages containing 208 competencies and 41 pitfalls. Pitfalls were mapped to deficits in shared decision making, proper informed consent, prospective hemostasis, and awareness of anatomical landmarks and markings.
    Conclusions: This work provided an inclusive framework of cognitive competencies in breast augmentation surgery to facilitate their assessment. This model guides the analysis of other procedures to transfer cognitive competencies to learners. In a transition toward competency-based education, this provides a primer to assessments that include all aspects of a surgeon's skill set.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; United States ; Female ; Adult ; Prospective Studies ; Clinical Competence ; Cognition ; Curriculum ; Mammaplasty
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2277538-9
    ISSN 1878-7452 ; 1931-7204
    ISSN (online) 1878-7452
    ISSN 1931-7204
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsurg.2023.03.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Book ; Online: The A to Z of the Petroleum Industry

    Vassiliou, M

    (The A to Z Guide Series)

    2009  

    Abstract: The A to Z of the Petroleum Industry presents a concise but complete one-volume reference on the history of the petroleum industry from pre-modern times to the present day. This is done through a chronology, an introductory essay, and over 400 cross- ... ...

    Series title The A to Z Guide Series
    Abstract The A to Z of the Petroleum Industry presents a concise but complete one-volume reference on the history of the petroleum industry from pre-modern times to the present day. This is done through a chronology, an introductory essay, and over 400 cross-referenced dictionary entries on companies, people, places, events, technologies, and phenomena related to the history of the world's petroleum industry. Anyone interested in the history, status, and outlook for the petroleum industry will find this book a uniquely valuable source
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource (716 p.)
    Edition 116th ed
    Publisher Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc
    Publishing place Lanham
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note Description based upon print version of record
    ISBN 9780810871533 ; 081087153X
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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  9. Article: Non-interventional monitoring of expiratory flow limitation during experimental mechanical ventilation.

    Marinakis, Giorgos / Paraschos, Michael / Patrani, Maria / Tsoutsouras, Theodoros / Vassiliou, Miltos

    ERJ open research

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 1

    Abstract: Background: Expiratory flow limitation (EFL) is common among patients in the intensive care unit under mechanical ventilation (MV) and may have significant clinical consequences. In the present study, we examine the possibility of non-interventional ... ...

    Abstract Background: Expiratory flow limitation (EFL) is common among patients in the intensive care unit under mechanical ventilation (MV) and may have significant clinical consequences. In the present study, we examine the possibility of non-interventional detection of EFL during experimental MV.
    Methods: Eight artificially ventilated New Zealand rabbits were included in the experiments. EFL was induced during MV by application of negative expiratory pressure (-5, -8 and -10 hPa) and detected by the negative expiratory pressure technique. Airway pressure (
    Results: Two completely different patterns of expiratory
    Conclusion: The proposed technique is a simple, accurate and non-interventional tool for EFL monitoring during MV.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2827830-6
    ISSN 2312-0541
    ISSN 2312-0541
    DOI 10.1183/23120541.00264-2020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Toward Competency-Based Training: To What Extent Are We Competency-Based?

    Al-Halabi, Becher / Bilgic, Elif / Vassiliou, Melina / Gilardino, Mirko

    Plastic and reconstructive surgery

    2021  Volume 148, Issue 1, Page(s) 122e–132e

    Abstract: Background: Time-based training models in plastic surgery vary in exposure, resulting in low confidence levels among graduates. The evolution of postgraduate medical education into a competency-based model to address these issues requires an ... ...

    Abstract Background: Time-based training models in plastic surgery vary in exposure, resulting in low confidence levels among graduates. The evolution of postgraduate medical education into a competency-based model to address these issues requires an understanding of interventions described in the plastic surgery literature to identify gaps and guide creation of assessments to demonstrate competence.
    Methods: A systematic search of the MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, and Cochrane databases from inception until December of 2017 was conducted using search terms and synonyms of educational interventions reported in plastic surgery. Full texts were retrieved following filtering and data extracted were related to intervention design and execution, involvement of competency assessment, and educational objectives and alignment to Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competencies and Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada Canadian Medical Education Directives for Specialists roles. Study quality was assessed using Kirkpatrick's levels of learning evaluation, validity evidence, and the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument score.
    Results: Of the initial 4307 results, only 36 interventions met the inclusion criteria. Almost all interventions aligned to medical knowledge and patient care Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competencies. One-fifth of the interventions involved no assessment of competency, whereas most displayed assessment at the level of design as opposed to outcomes. Quality assessment revealed low levels of learning evaluation and evidence of validity; the average Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument score was 10.9 of 18.
    Conclusion: A systematic review of educational literature in plastic surgery was conducted to assess the quality of reported educational interventions, and to help guide creating tools that ensure competency acquirement among trainees.
    MeSH term(s) Clinical Competence/statistics & numerical data ; Competency-Based Education/methods ; Competency-Based Education/organization & administration ; Education, Medical, Continuing/methods ; Education, Medical, Continuing/organization & administration ; Humans ; Surgeons/education ; Surgeons/statistics & numerical data ; Surgery, Plastic/education
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 208012-6
    ISSN 1529-4242 ; 0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
    ISSN (online) 1529-4242
    ISSN 0032-1052 ; 0096-8501
    DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000008059
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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