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Article ; Online: The puzzle of fibromyalgia between central sensitization syndrome and small fiber neuropathy: a narrative review on neurophysiological and morphological evidence.

de Tommaso, Marina / Vecchio, Eleonora / Nolano, Maria

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

2022 Volume 43, Issue 3, Page(s) 1667–1684

Abstract: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a condition characterized by chronic widespread pain whose pathogenesis is still not fully defined. Evidence based on structural and functional neuroimaging methods, electrophysiological, and morphological - skin biopsy - features ... ...

Abstract	Fibromyalgia (FM) is a condition characterized by chronic widespread pain whose pathogenesis is still not fully defined. Evidence based on structural and functional neuroimaging methods, electrophysiological, and morphological - skin biopsy - features demonstrated a central and peripheral nervous system involvement. A dysfunction in nociceptive inputs processing at the central level was highlighted as the primary cause of FM, but other data coming from different laboratories contributed to emphasize again the peripheral origin of FM. In fact, small fibers neuropathy (SFN) was observed in a large number of patients submitted to skin biopsy. The complex interaction between central and peripheral factors is opening a new scenario about the management of this neurological disorder. Whether proximal SFN is an initiating event leading to FM or is the consequence of stress-related insular hyper excitability remains unclear. Mild sufferance of peripheral afferents could function as a trigger for an exaggerated response of the so-called "salience matrix" in predisposed individuals. On the other side, the intriguing hypothesis rising from animal models could indicate that the cortical hyper function could cause peripheral small afferent damage. The research should go on the genetic origin of such peripheral and central abnormalities, the acquired facilitating factors, and the presence of different phenotypes in order to search for efficacious treatments, which are still lacking.
MeSH term(s)	Central Nervous System Sensitization ; Chronic Pain ; Fibromyalgia/complications ; Humans ; Neuroimaging ; Small Fiber Neuropathy/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-14
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2016546-8
ISSN	1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
ISSN (online)	1590-3478
ISSN	1590-1874
DOI	10.1007/s10072-021-05806-x
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Article ; Online: The Double-Edged Sword of Oleuropein in Ovarian Cancer Cells: From Antioxidant Functions to Cytotoxic Effects.

Scicchitano, Stefania / Vecchio, Eleonora / Battaglia, Anna Martina / Oliverio, Manuela / Nardi, Monica / Procopio, Antonio / Costanzo, Francesco / Biamonte, Flavia / Faniello, Maria Concetta

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 1

Abstract: Oleuropein plays a key role as a pro-oxidant as well as an antioxidant in cancer. In this study, the activity of oleuropein, in an in vitro model of ovarian (OCCs) and breast cancer cells (BCCs) was investigated. Cell viability and cell death were ... ...

Abstract	Oleuropein plays a key role as a pro-oxidant as well as an antioxidant in cancer. In this study, the activity of oleuropein, in an in vitro model of ovarian (OCCs) and breast cancer cells (BCCs) was investigated. Cell viability and cell death were analyzed. Oxidative stress was measured by CM-H2DCFDA flow cytometry assay. Mitochondrial dysfunction was evaluated based on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GPX4 protein levels. Further, the effects on iron metabolism were analyzed by measuring the intracellular labile iron pool (LIP). We confirmed that high doses of oleuropein show anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity on HEY and MCF-7 cells. Moreover, our results indicate that low doses of oleuropein impair cell viability without affecting the mortality of cells, and also decrease the LIP and ROS levels, keeping them unchanged in MCF-7 cells. For the first time, our data show that low doses of oleuropein reduce erastin-mediated cell death. Interestingly, oleuropein decreases the levels of intracellular ROS and LIP in OCCs treated with erastin. Noteworthily, we observed an increased amount of ROS scavenging enzyme GPX4 together with a consistent reduction in mitochondrial ROS, confirming a reduction in oxidative stress in this model.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Iridoids/pharmacology ; Iridoid Glucosides/pharmacology ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Iron
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; oleuropein (2O4553545L) ; Iridoids ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iron (E1UOL152H7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms24010842
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Article: Enhanced pro-apoptotic activity of rituximab through IBTK silencing in non-Hodgkin lymphoma B-cells.

Vecchio, Eleonora / Marino, Rossana / Mimmi, Selena / Canale, Camilla / Caiazza, Carmen / Arcucci, Alessandro / Ruocco, Maria Rosaria / Schiavone, Marco / Santamaria, Gianluca / Palmieri, Camillo / Iaccino, Enrico / Mallardo, Massimo / Quinto, Ileana / Fiume, Giuseppe

Frontiers in oncology

2024 Volume 14, Page(s) 1339584

Abstract: Rituximab is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug for patients with aggressive lymphomas, such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Currently, the combination of Rituximab and chemotherapy (R-CHOP) stands as the most prevalent first-line therapy for NHL. ... ...

Abstract	Rituximab is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug for patients with aggressive lymphomas, such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Currently, the combination of Rituximab and chemotherapy (R-CHOP) stands as the most prevalent first-line therapy for NHL. Nevertheless, the development of new therapeutic approaches remains imperative. An increasing body of evidence highlights a novel role for IBTK in tumorigenesis and cancer growth. In this study, we aim to broaden our understanding of IBTK's function in B-lymphoma, with a particular focus on its impact on the expression of the oncogene MYC. Here, we assessed the effects of combining Rituximab with IBTK silencing on cell viability through cell cycle analysis and Annexin V assays
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2649216-7
ISSN	2234-943X
ISSN	2234-943X
DOI	10.3389/fonc.2024.1339584
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Article: Neurophysiological Aspects in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Vecchio, Eleonora / Gallicchio, Lara / Caporusso, Nicola / Recchia, Valentina / Didonna, Luigi / Pezzuto, Giancarlo / Pisani, Luigi / Petruzzellis, Antonella / Delmonte, Vito / Tamma, Filippo

Frontiers in neurology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 868538

Abstract: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often develop acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that requires intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization and invasive mechanical ventilation, associated with a high ... ...

Abstract	Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often develop acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that requires intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization and invasive mechanical ventilation, associated with a high mortality rate. In addition, many patients fail early weaning attempts, further increasing ICU length of stay and mortality. COVID-19 related ARDS can be complicated by neurological involvement with mechanisms of direct central nervous system (CNS) infection and with overlapping para-infective mechanisms of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). We aimed to evaluate the possible involvement of the brainstem and PNS in patients with COVID-19 related ARDS and difficulty in weaning from mechanical ventilation. We evaluated electroencephalogram (EEG), brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs), electroneurography of the four limbs and the phrenic nerve in 10 patients with respiratory insufficiency due to SARS-CoV-2. All were admitted to intensive care unit and were facing prolonged weaning from mechanical ventilation. All ten patients showed a mild diffuse non-specific slowing of brain electrical activity on the EEG. Four patients had an acute motor axonal neuropathy with absent or reduced amplitude phrenic nerve CMAP while four patients showed impairment of the BAEPs. A patient with peripheral nerve impairment suggestive of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) underwent an intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) cycle that led to an improvement in the weaning process and progressive motor improvement. The inclusion of a comprehensive neurological evaluation in COVID-19 patients in ICU facilitated the early identification and effective management of Nervous System involvement.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2564214-5
ISSN	1664-2295
ISSN	1664-2295
DOI	10.3389/fneur.2022.868538
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Article ; Online: Laser evoked potentials in fibromyalgia with peripheral small fiber involvement.

Vecchio, Eleonora / Quitadamo, Silvia Giovanna / Ricci, Katia / Libro, Giuseppe / Delussi, Marianna / Lombardi, Raffaella / Lauria, Giuseppe / de Tommaso, Marina

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

2022 Volume 135, Page(s) 96–106

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate multichannel laser evoked potentials (LEPs) in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and small fiber impairment.: Methods: We recorded LEPs using 65 electrodes in 22 patients with FM and proximal denervation, 18 with normal skin ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate multichannel laser evoked potentials (LEPs) in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and small fiber impairment. Methods: We recorded LEPs using 65 electrodes in 22 patients with FM and proximal denervation, 18 with normal skin biopsy, and 7 with proximal and distal intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) reduction. We considered the amplitude and topographical distribution of N1, N2 and P2 components, and habituation of N2 and P2 waves. The sLORETA dipolar analysis was also applied. We evaluated 15 healthy subjects as controls. Results: We observed reduced amplitude of the P2 component in FM group, without a topographic correspondence with the prevalent site of denervation. Decreased habituation of P2 prevailed in patients with reduced IENFD. The cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex, were activated in the FM group, without correlation between the degree of denervation and the strength of late wave dipoles. A correlation was noted between anxiety, depression, fibromyalgia invalidity, and pain diffusion. Conclusions: The amplitude and topography of LEPs were not coherent with epidermal nerve fiber density loss. They supposedly reflected the clinical expression of pain and psychopathological factors. Significance: Multichannel LEPs are not the expression of small fiber impairment in FM. Rather, they reflect the complexity of the disease.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Fibromyalgia/complications ; Fibromyalgia/physiopathology ; Gyrus Cinguli/physiopathology ; Humans ; Laser-Evoked Potentials ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Fibers/physiology ; Pain Perception ; Peripheral Nervous System/physiopathology ; Small Fiber Neuropathy/etiology ; Small Fiber Neuropathy/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1463630-x
ISSN	1872-8952 ; 0921-884X ; 1388-2457
ISSN (online)	1872-8952
ISSN	0921-884X ; 1388-2457
DOI	10.1016/j.clinph.2022.01.001
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Article ; Online: The spike-specific TCRβ repertoire shows distinct features in unvaccinated or vaccinated patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Vecchio, Eleonora / Rotundo, Salvatore / Veneziano, Claudia / Abatino, Antonio / Aversa, Ilenia / Gallo, Raffaella / Giordano, Caterina / Serapide, Francesca / Fusco, Paolo / Viglietto, Giuseppe / Cuda, Giovanni / Costanzo, Francesco / Russo, Alessandro / Trecarichi, Enrico Maria / Torti, Carlo / Palmieri, Camillo

Journal of translational medicine

2024 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 33

Abstract: Background: The evolving variants of SARS-CoV-2 may escape immunity from prior infections or vaccinations. It's vital to understand how immunity adapts to these changes. Both infection and mRNA vaccination induce T cells that target the Spike protein. ... ...

Abstract	Background: The evolving variants of SARS-CoV-2 may escape immunity from prior infections or vaccinations. It's vital to understand how immunity adapts to these changes. Both infection and mRNA vaccination induce T cells that target the Spike protein. These T cells can recognize multiple variants, such as Delta and Omicron, even if neutralizing antibodies are weakened. However, the degree of recognition can vary among people, affecting vaccine efficacy. Previous studies demonstrated the capability of T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire analysis to identify conserved and immunodominant peptides with cross-reactive potential among variant of concerns. However, there is a need to extend the analysis of the TCR repertoire to different clinical scenarios. The aim of this study was to examine the Spike-specific TCR repertoire profiles in natural infections and those with combined natural and vaccine immunity. Methods: A T-cell enrichment approach and bioinformatic tools were used to investigate the Spike-specific TCRβ repertoire in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of previously vaccinated (n = 8) or unvaccinated (n = 6) COVID-19 patients. Results: Diversity and clonality of the TCRβ repertoire showed no significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. When comparing the TCRβ data to public databases, 692 unique TCRβ sequences linked to S epitopes were found in the vaccinated group and 670 in the unvaccinated group. TCRβ clonotypes related to spike regions S135-177, S264-276, S319-350, and S448-472 appear notably more prevalent in the vaccinated group. In contrast, the S673-699 epitope, believed to have super antigenic properties, is observed more frequently in the unvaccinated group. In-silico analyses suggest that mutations in epitopes, relative to the main SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, don't hinder their cross-reactive recognition by associated TCRβ clonotypes. Conclusions: Our findings reveal distinct TCRβ signatures in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals with COVID-19. These differences might be associated with disease severity and could influence clinical outcomes. Trial registration: FESR/FSE 2014-2020 DDRC n. 585, Action 10.5.12, noCOVID19@UMG.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Epitopes ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
Chemical Substances	Epitopes ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2118570-0
ISSN	1479-5876 ; 1479-5876
ISSN (online)	1479-5876
ISSN	1479-5876
DOI	10.1186/s12967-024-04852-1
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Article: Phage-Displayed Peptides for Targeting Tyrosine Kinase Membrane Receptors in Cancer Therapy

Aloisio, Annamaria / Nisticò, Nancy / Mimmi, Selena / Maisano, Domenico / Vecchio, Eleonora / Fiume, Giuseppe / Iaccino, Enrico / Quinto, Ileana

Viruses. 2021 Apr. 09, v. 13, no. 4

2021

Abstract: Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulate critical physiological processes, such as cell growth, survival, motility, and metabolism. Abnormal activation of RTKs and relative downstream signaling is implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Phage display allows ... ...

Abstract	Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulate critical physiological processes, such as cell growth, survival, motility, and metabolism. Abnormal activation of RTKs and relative downstream signaling is implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Phage display allows the rapid selection of peptide ligands of membrane receptors. These peptides can target in vitro and in vivo tumor cells and represent a novel therapeutic approach for cancer therapy. Further, they are more convenient compared to antibodies, being less expensive and non-immunogenic. In this review, we describe the state-of-the-art of phage display for development of peptide ligands of tyrosine kinase membrane receptors and discuss their potential applications for tumor-targeted therapy.
Keywords	bacteriophages ; cancer therapy ; cell growth ; ligands ; metabolism ; neoplasms ; pathogenesis ; peptides ; receptor protein-tyrosine kinase ; tyrosine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0409
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13040649
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Failure of preventive treatments in migraine: an observational retrospective study in a tertiary headache center.

Delussi, Marianna / Vecchio, Eleonora / Libro, Giuseppe / Quitadamo, Silvia / de Tommaso, Marina

BMC neurology

2020 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 256

Abstract: Background: Although the criteria for acute migraine treatment and prevention have been well described, there are still unmet needs, general underuse and low benefits of preventive drugs. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively observe the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Although the criteria for acute migraine treatment and prevention have been well described, there are still unmet needs, general underuse and low benefits of preventive drugs. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively observe the short-term effect of preventive treatment in a cohort of migraine patients attending a tertiary headache center, using data from electronic medical records. Methods: This was an observational retrospective cohort study based on data collected in a tertiary headache center. Data were extracted from an electronic dataset collected from January 2009 to December 2019. The main selection criteria were as follows: age of 18-75 years; diagnosis of migraine without aura (MO), migraine with aura (MA) or chronic migraine (CM); a control visit 3 months after the first access; and prescription of preventive treatment with level of evidence 1 as reported by Italian guidelines. As the primary outcome, we considered the change in the frequency of headache at the follow-up visit. Then, as secondary outcome measures, we used disability scores, intensity of headache, and allodynia. As predictive factors, we considered age, migraine duration, sex, headache frequency, allodynia, anxiety and depression at baseline, and comorbidity with fibromyalgia. Results: Among the 6430 patients screened, 2800 met the selection criteria, 1800 returned to the follow-up visit, 550 withdrew because of adverse events, and 1100 were included the analysis. One hundred thirty-four patients had a frequency reduction of 50% or more. Flunarizine was used for less severe migraine, with a better effect compared to those of other drugs (odds ratio: 1.48; p: 0.022). Low headache frequency and absent or mild allodynia predicted a better outcome. Conclusions: The mild effect of preventive drugs on migraine features and even the number of patients who were lost to follow-up or dropped out because of adverse events confirm that in severe and chronic patients, the first line of prevention can only delay a more focused therapeutic approach.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Analgesics/therapeutic use ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Italy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Migraine Disorders/prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Analgesics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study
ISSN	1471-2377
ISSN (online)	1471-2377
DOI	10.1186/s12883-020-01839-5
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Article: Prefrontal dysfunction in post-COVID-19 hyposmia: an EEG/fNIRS study.

Clemente, Livio / La Rocca, Marianna / Quaranta, Nicola / Iannuzzi, Lucia / Vecchio, Eleonora / Brunetti, Antonio / Gentile, Eleonora / Dibattista, Michele / Lobasso, Simona / Bevilacqua, Vitoantonio / Stramaglia, Sebastiano / de Tommaso, Marina

Frontiers in human neuroscience

2023 Volume 17, Page(s) 1240831

Abstract: Introduction: Subtle cognitive dysfunction and mental fatigue are frequent after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, characterizing the so-called long COVID-19 syndrome. This study aimed to correlate cognitive, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Subtle cognitive dysfunction and mental fatigue are frequent after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, characterizing the so-called long COVID-19 syndrome. This study aimed to correlate cognitive, neurophysiological, and olfactory function in a group of subjects who experienced acute SARS-CoV-2 infection with persistent hyposmia at least 12 weeks before the observation. Methods: For each participant (32 post-COVID-19 patients and 16 controls), electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data were acquired using an integrated EEG-fNIRS system during the execution of a P300 odd-ball task and a Stroop test. The Sniffin' Sticks test was conducted to assess subjects' olfactory performance. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) were also administered. Results: The post-COVID-19 group consisted of 32 individuals (20 women and 12 men) with an average education level of 12.9 ± 3.12 years, while the control group consisted of 16 individuals (10 women and 6 men) with an average education level of 14.9 ± 3.2 years. There were no significant differences in gender ( Conclusions: This study showed that post-COVID-19 patients with persistent hyposmia present mild deficits in prefrontal function, even 4 months after the end of the infection. These deficits, although subtle, could have long-term implications for quality of life and cognitive wellbeing. It is essential to continue monitoring and evaluating these patients to better understand the extent and duration of cognitive impairments associated with long COVID-19.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2425477-0
ISSN	1662-5161
ISSN	1662-5161
DOI	10.3389/fnhum.2023.1240831
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Article ; Online: Effects of movement congruence on motor resonance in early Parkinson's disease.

Gentile, Eleonora / Brunetti, Antonio / Ricci, Katia / Vecchio, Eleonora / Santoro, Carlo / Sibilano, Elena / Bevilacqua, Vitoantonio / Iliceto, Giovanni / Craighero, Laila / de Tommaso, Marina

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 14887

Abstract: The observation of action seems to involve the generation of the internal representation of that same action in the observer, a process named motor resonance (MR). The objective of this study was to verify whether an experimental paradigm of action ... ...

Abstract	The observation of action seems to involve the generation of the internal representation of that same action in the observer, a process named motor resonance (MR). The objective of this study was to verify whether an experimental paradigm of action observation in a laboratory context could elicit cortical motor activation in 21 early Parkinson's disease (PD) patients compared to 22 controls. Participants were instructed to simply observe (observation-only session) or to respond (Time-to-contact detection session) at the instant the agent performed a grasping action toward a graspable or ungraspable object. We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy with 20 channels on the motor and premotor brain areas and event-related desynchronization of alpha-mu rhythm. In both groups, response times were more accurate in graspable than ungraspable object trials, suggesting that motor resonance is present in PD patients. In the Time-to-contact detection session, the oxyhemoglobin levels and alpha-mu desynchronization prevailed in the graspable object trials rather than in the ungraspable ones. This study demonstrates the preservation of MR mechanisms in early PD patients. The action observation finalized to a consequent movement can activate cortical networks in patients with early PD, suggesting early rehabilitation interventions taking into account specific observation paradigms preceding motor production.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Parkinson Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Movement ; Alpha Rhythm ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Early Intervention, Educational
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-42112-2
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