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  1. Article ; Online: What are the ways in which social media is used in the context of complementary and alternative medicine in the health and medical scholarly literature? a scoping review

    Ng, Jeremy Y. / Verhoeff, Natasha / Steen, Jeremy

    BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Dec., v. 23, no. 1 p.32-32

    2023  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the increased use of social media to share health-related information and the substantial impact that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) can have on individuals’ health and wellbeing, currently, to our knowledge, there is no ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite the increased use of social media to share health-related information and the substantial impact that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) can have on individuals’ health and wellbeing, currently, to our knowledge, there is no review that compiles research on how social media is used in the context of CAM. The objective of this study was to summarize what are the ways in which social media is used in the context of CAM. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted, following Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage methodological framework. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED, and CINAHL databases were systematically searched from inception until October 3, 2020, in addition to the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technology in Health (CADTH) website. Eligible studies had to have investigated how at least one social media platform is used in the context of a single or multiple types of CAM treatments. RESULTS: Searches retrieved 1714 items following deduplication, of which 1687 titles and abstracts were eliminated, leaving 94 full-text articles to be considered. Of those, 65 were not eligible, leaving a total of 29 articles eligible for review. Three themes emerged from our analysis: 1) social media is used to share user/practitioner beliefs, attitudes, and experiences about CAM, 2) social media acts as a vehicle for the spread of misinformation about CAM, and 3) there are unique challenges with social media research in the context of CAM. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to social media being a useful tool to share user/practitioner beliefs, attitudes, and experiences about CAM, it has shown to be accessible, effective, and a viable option in delivering CAM therapies and information. Social media has also been shown to spread a large amount of misleading and false information in the context of CAM. Additionally, this review highlights the challenges with conducting social media research in the context of CAM, particularly in collecting a representative sample.
    Keywords Internet ; alternative medicine ; complement ; misinformation
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-12
    Size p. 32.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2662-7671
    DOI 10.1186/s12906-023-03856-6
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: What are the ways in which social media is used in the context of complementary and alternative medicine in the health and medical scholarly literature? a scoping review.

    Ng, Jeremy Y / Verhoeff, Natasha / Steen, Jeremy

    BMC complementary medicine and therapies

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 32

    Abstract: Background: Despite the increased use of social media to share health-related information and the substantial impact that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) can have on individuals' health and wellbeing, currently, to our knowledge, there is ... ...

    Abstract Background: Despite the increased use of social media to share health-related information and the substantial impact that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) can have on individuals' health and wellbeing, currently, to our knowledge, there is no review that compiles research on how social media is used in the context of CAM. The objective of this study was to summarize what are the ways in which social media is used in the context of CAM.
    Methods: A scoping review was conducted, following Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage methodological framework. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED, and CINAHL databases were systematically searched from inception until October 3, 2020, in addition to the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technology in Health (CADTH) website. Eligible studies had to have investigated how at least one social media platform is used in the context of a single or multiple types of CAM treatments.
    Results: Searches retrieved 1714 items following deduplication, of which 1687 titles and abstracts were eliminated, leaving 94 full-text articles to be considered. Of those, 65 were not eligible, leaving a total of 29 articles eligible for review. Three themes emerged from our analysis: 1) social media is used to share user/practitioner beliefs, attitudes, and experiences about CAM, 2) social media acts as a vehicle for the spread of misinformation about CAM, and 3) there are unique challenges with social media research in the context of CAM.
    Conclusions: In addition to social media being a useful tool to share user/practitioner beliefs, attitudes, and experiences about CAM, it has shown to be accessible, effective, and a viable option in delivering CAM therapies and information. Social media has also been shown to spread a large amount of misleading and false information in the context of CAM. Additionally, this review highlights the challenges with conducting social media research in the context of CAM, particularly in collecting a representative sample.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Social Media ; Canada ; Complementary Therapies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ISSN 2662-7671
    ISSN (online) 2662-7671
    DOI 10.1186/s12906-023-03856-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Ketone production and excretion even during mild hyperglycemia and the impact of sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibition in type 1 diabetes.

    Scarr, Daniel / Lovblom, Erik / Ye, Hongping / Liu, Hongyan / Bakhsh, Abdulmohsen / Verhoeff, Natasha J / Wolever, Thomas M S / Lawler, Patrick R / Sharma, Kumar / Cherney, David Z I / Perkins, Bruce A

    Diabetes research and clinical practice

    2023  Volume 207, Page(s) 111031

    Abstract: Aims: We aimed to determine if ketone production and excretion are increased even at mild fasting hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and if these are modified by ketoacidosis risk factors, including sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibition (SGLTi) ... ...

    Abstract Aims: We aimed to determine if ketone production and excretion are increased even at mild fasting hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and if these are modified by ketoacidosis risk factors, including sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibition (SGLTi) and female sex.
    Methods: In secondary analysis of an 8-week single-arm open-label trial of empagliflozin (NCT01392560) we evaluated ketone concentrations during extended fasting and clamped euglycemia (4-6 mmol/L) and mild hyperglycemia (9-11 mmol/L) prior to and after treatment. Plasma and urine beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentrations and fractional excretion were analyzed by metabolomic analysis.
    Results: Forty participants (50 % female), aged 24 ± 5 years, HbA1c 8.0 ± 0.9 % (64 ± 0.08 mmol/mol) with T1D duration of 17.5 ± 7 years, were studied. Increased BHB production even during mild hyperglycemia (median urine 6.3[3.5-13.6] vs. 3.5[2.2-7.0] µmol/mmol creatinine during euglycemia, p < 0.001) was compensated by increased fractional excretion (0.9 % [0.3-1.6] vs. 0.4 % [0.2-0.9], p < 0.001). SGLTi increased production and attenuated the increased BHB fractional excretion (decreased to 0.3 % during mild hyperglycemia, p < 0.001), resulting in higher plasma concentrations (increased to 0.21 [0.05-0.40] mmol/L, p < 0.001), particularly in females (interaction p < 0.001).
    Conclusions: Even mild hyperglycemia is associated with greater ketone production, compensated by urinary excretion, in T1D. However, SGLTi exaggerates production and partially reduces compensatory excretion, particularly in women.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Male ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy ; Ketones/therapeutic use ; Hyperglycemia/drug therapy ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid ; Glucose ; Sodium ; Symporters ; Blood Glucose/analysis
    Chemical Substances Ketones ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Sodium (9NEZ333N27) ; Symporters ; Blood Glucose
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-28
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632523-3
    ISSN 1872-8227 ; 0168-8227
    ISSN (online) 1872-8227
    ISSN 0168-8227
    DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.111031
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Neuroinflammation After COVID-19 With Persistent Depressive and Cognitive Symptoms.

    Braga, Joeffre / Lepra, Mariel / Kish, Stephen J / Rusjan, Pablo M / Nasser, Zahra / Verhoeff, Natasha / Vasdev, Neil / Bagby, Michael / Boileau, Isabelle / Husain, M Ishrat / Kolla, Nathan / Garcia, Armando / Chao, Thomas / Mizrahi, Romina / Faiz, Khunsa / Vieira, Erica L / Meyer, Jeffrey H

    JAMA psychiatry

    2023  Volume 80, Issue 8, Page(s) 787–795

    Abstract: Importance: Persistent depressive symptoms, often accompanied by cognitive symptoms, commonly occur after COVID-19 illness (hereinafter termed COVID-DC, DC for depressive and/or cognitive symptoms). In patients with COVID-DC, gliosis, an inflammatory ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Persistent depressive symptoms, often accompanied by cognitive symptoms, commonly occur after COVID-19 illness (hereinafter termed COVID-DC, DC for depressive and/or cognitive symptoms). In patients with COVID-DC, gliosis, an inflammatory change, was suspected, but measurements of gliosis had not been studied in the brain for this condition.
    Objective: To determine whether translocator protein total distribution volume (TSPO VT), a marker of gliosis that is quantifiable with positron emission tomography (PET), is elevated in the dorsal putamen, ventral striatum, prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and hippocampus of persons with COVID-DC.
    Design, setting, and participants: This case-control study conducted at a tertiary care psychiatric hospital in Canada from April 1, 2021, to June 30, 2022, compared TSPO VT of specific brain regions in 20 participants with COVID-DC with that in 20 healthy controls. The TSPO VT was measured with fluorine F 18-labeled N-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)benzyl)-N-(4-phenoxypyridin-3-yl)acetamide ([18F]FEPPA) PET.
    Main outcomes and measures: The TSPO VT was measured in the dorsal putamen, ventral striatum, prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and hippocampus. Symptoms were measured with neuropsychological and psychological tests, prioritizing outcomes related to striatal function.
    Results: The study population included 40 participants (mean [SD] age, 32.9 [12.3] years). The TSPO VT across the regions of interest was greater in persons with COVID-DC (mean [SD] age, 32.7 [11.4] years; 12 [60%] women) compared with healthy control participants (mean [SD] age, 33.3 [13.9] years; 11 [55%] women): mean (SD) difference, 1.51 (4.47); 95% CI, 0.04-2.98; 1.51 divided by 9.20 (17%). The difference was most prominent in the ventral striatum (mean [SD] difference, 1.97 [4.88]; 95% CI, 0.36-3.58; 1.97 divided by 8.87 [22%]) and dorsal putamen (mean difference, 1.70 [4.25]; 95% CI, 0.34-3.06; 1.70 divided by 8.37 [20%]). Motor speed on the finger-tapping test negatively correlated with dorsal putamen TSPO VT (r, -0.53; 95% CI, -0.79 to -0.09), and the 10 persons with the slowest speed among those with COVID-DC had higher dorsal putamen TSPO VT than healthy persons by 2.3 (2.30 divided by 8.37 [27%]; SD, 2.46; 95% CI, 0.92-3.68).
    Conclusions and relevance: In this case-control study, TSPO VT was higher in patients with COVID-DC. Greater TSPO VT is evidence for an inflammatory change of elevated gliosis in the brain of an individual with COVID-DC. Gliosis may be consequent to inflammation, injury, or both, particularly in the ventral striatum and dorsal putamen, which may explain some persistent depressive and cognitive symptoms, including slowed motor speed, low motivation or energy, and anhedonia, after initially mild to moderate COVID-19 illness.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Male ; Neuroinflammatory Diseases ; Microglia/metabolism ; Gliosis/metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/metabolism ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; Cognition ; Receptors, GABA/metabolism
    Chemical Substances TSPO protein, human ; Receptors, GABA
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2701203-7
    ISSN 2168-6238 ; 2168-622X
    ISSN (online) 2168-6238
    ISSN 2168-622X
    DOI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.1321
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Point-of-Care Capillary Blood Ketone Measurements and the Prediction of Future Ketoacidosis Risk in Type 1 Diabetes.

    Song, Cimon / Dhaliwal, Sharon / Bapat, Priya / Scarr, Daniel / Bakhsh, Abdulmohsen / Budhram, Dalton / Verhoeff, Natasha J / Weisman, Alanna / Fralick, Michael / Ivers, Noah M / Cherney, David Z I / Tomlinson, George / Lovblom, Leif Erik / Mumford, Doug / Perkins, Bruce A

    Diabetes care

    2023  Volume 46, Issue 11, Page(s) 1973–1977

    Abstract: Objective: Rather than during illness while diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is developing, we aimed to determine if levels of routine point-of-care capillary blood ketones could predict future DKA.: Research design and methods: We examined previously ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Rather than during illness while diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is developing, we aimed to determine if levels of routine point-of-care capillary blood ketones could predict future DKA.
    Research design and methods: We examined previously collected data from placebo-assigned participants in an adjunct-to-insulin medication trial program that included measurement of fasted capillary blood ketone levels twice per week in a 2-month baseline period. The outcome was 6- to 12-month trial-adjudicated DKA.
    Results: DKA events occurred in 12 of 484 participants at a median of 105 (interquartile range 43, 199) days. Maximum ketone levels were higher in patient cases compared with in control patients (0.8 [0.6, 1.2] vs. 0.3 [0.2, 0.7] mmol/L; P = 0.002), with a nonparametric area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.77 (95% CI 0.66-0.88). Ketone levels ≥0.8 mmol/L had a sensitivity of 64%, a specificity of 78%, and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 2.9 and 0.5, respectively.
    Conclusions: This proof of concept that routine capillary ketone surveillance can identify individuals at high risk of future DKA implies a role for future technologies including continuous ketone monitoring.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/diagnosis ; Ketones ; Ketosis ; Point-of-Care Systems
    Chemical Substances 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679) ; Ketones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 441231-x
    ISSN 1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
    ISSN (online) 1935-5548
    ISSN 0149-5992
    DOI 10.2337/dc23-0840
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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