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  1. Article ; Online: DeltaDTM: A global coastal digital terrain model.

    Pronk, Maarten / Hooijer, Aljosja / Eilander, Dirk / Haag, Arjen / de Jong, Tjalling / Vousdoukas, Michalis / Vernimmen, Ronald / Ledoux, Hugo / Eleveld, Marieke

    Scientific data

    2024  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 273

    Abstract: Coastal elevation data are essential for a wide variety of applications, such as coastal management, flood modelling, and adaptation planning. Low-lying coastal areas (found below 10 m +Mean Sea Level (MSL)) are at risk of future extreme water levels, ... ...

    Abstract Coastal elevation data are essential for a wide variety of applications, such as coastal management, flood modelling, and adaptation planning. Low-lying coastal areas (found below 10 m +Mean Sea Level (MSL)) are at risk of future extreme water levels, subsidence and changing extreme weather patterns. However, current freely available elevation datasets are not sufficiently accurate to model these risks. We present DeltaDTM, a global coastal Digital Terrain Model (DTM) available in the public domain, with a horizontal spatial resolution of 1 arcsecond (∼30 m) and a vertical mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.45 m overall. DeltaDTM corrects CopernicusDEM with spaceborne lidar from the ICESat-2 and GEDI missions. Specifically, we correct the elevation bias in CopernicusDEM, apply filters to remove non-terrain cells, and fill the gaps using interpolation. Notably, our classification approach produces more accurate results than regression methods recently used by others to correct DEMs, that achieve an overall MAE of 0.72 m at best. We conclude that DeltaDTM will be a valuable resource for coastal flood impact modelling and other applications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Dataset ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775191-0
    ISSN 2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
    ISSN (online) 2052-4463
    ISSN 2052-4463
    DOI 10.1038/s41597-024-03091-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: A New Method for Rapid Measurement of Canal Water Table Depth Using Airborne LiDAR, with Application to Drained Peatlands in Indonesia

    Vernimmen, Ronald / Hooijer, Aljosja / Mulyadi, Dedi / Setiawan, Iwan / Pronk, Maarten / Yuherdha, Angga T

    Water. 2020 May 22, v. 12, no. 5

    2020  

    Abstract: Water management in lowland areas usually aims to keep water tables within a narrow range to avoid flooding and drought conditions. A common water management target parameter is the depth of the canal water table below the surrounding soil surface. We ... ...

    Abstract Water management in lowland areas usually aims to keep water tables within a narrow range to avoid flooding and drought conditions. A common water management target parameter is the depth of the canal water table below the surrounding soil surface. We demonstrated a method that rapidly determines canal water table depth (CWD) from airborne LiDAR data. The water table elevation was measured as the minimum value determined in a grid of 100 m × 100 m applied to a 1 m × 1 m digital terrain model (DTM), and the soil surface was calculated as the median value of values in each grid cell. Results for areas in eastern Sumatra and West Kalimantan, Indonesia, were validated against 145 field measurements at the time of LiDAR data collection. LiDAR-derived CWD was found to be accurate within 0.25 m and 0.5 m for 86% and 99% of field measurements, respectively, with an R² value of 0.74. We demonstrated the method for CWD conditions in a drained peatland area in Central Kalimantan, where we found CWD in the dry season of 2011 to be generally below -1.5 and often below -2.5 m indicating severely overdrained conditions. We concluded that airborne LiDAR can provide an efficient and rapid mapping tool of CWD at the time of LiDAR data collection, which can be cost-effective especially where LiDAR data or derived DTMs are already available. The method can be applied to any LiDAR-based DTM that represents a flat landscape that has open water bodies.
    Keywords Borneo ; cost effectiveness ; data collection ; drought ; dry season ; landscapes ; lidar ; models ; peatlands ; soil ; water management ; water table ; Indonesia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0522
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 2521238-2
    ISSN 2073-4441
    ISSN 2073-4441
    DOI 10.3390/w12051486
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Mapping deep peat carbon stock from a LiDAR based DTM and field measurements, with application to eastern Sumatra

    Vernimmen, Ronald / Hooijer, Aljosja / Akmalia, Rizka / Fitranatanegara, Natan / Mulyadi, Dedi / Yuherdha, Angga / Andreas, Heri / Page, Susan

    Carbon balance and management. 2020 Dec., v. 15, no. 1

    2020  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Reduction of carbon emissions from peatlands is recognized as an important factor in global climate change mitigation. Within the SE Asia region, areas of deeper peat present the greatest carbon stocks, and therefore the greatest potential ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Reduction of carbon emissions from peatlands is recognized as an important factor in global climate change mitigation. Within the SE Asia region, areas of deeper peat present the greatest carbon stocks, and therefore the greatest potential for future carbon emissions from degradation and fire. They also support most of the remaining lowland swamp forest and its associated biodiversity. Accurate maps of deep peat are central to providing correct estimates of peat carbon stocks and to facilitating appropriate management interventions. We present a rapid and cost-effective approach to peat thickness mapping in raised peat bogs that applies a model of peat bottom elevation based on field measurements subtracted from a surface elevation model created from airborne LiDAR data. RESULTS: In two raised peat bog test areas in Indonesia, we find that field peat thickness measurements correlate well with surface elevation derived from airborne LiDAR based DTMs (R² 0.83–0.88), confirming that the peat bottom is often relatively flat. On this basis, we created a map of extent and depth of deep peat (> 3 m) from a new DTM that covers two-thirds of Sumatran peatlands, applying a flat peat bottom of 0.61 m +MSL determined from the average of 2446 field measurements. A deep peat area coverage of 2.6 Mha or 60.1% of the total peat area in eastern Sumatra is mapped, suggesting that deep peat in this region is more common than shallow peat and its extent was underestimated in earlier maps. The associated deep peat carbon stock range is 9.0–11.5 Pg C in eastern Sumatra alone. CONCLUSION: We discuss how the deep peat map may be used to identify priority areas for peat and forest conservation and thereby help prevent major potential future carbon emissions and support the safeguarding of the remaining forest and biodiversity. We propose rapid application of this method to other coastal raised bog peatland areas in SE Asia in support of improved peatland zoning and management. We demonstrate that the upcoming global ICESat-2 and GEDI satellite LiDAR coverage will likely result in a global DTM that, within a few years, will be sufficiently accurate for this application.
    Keywords administrative management ; biodiversity ; carbon ; carbon sinks ; climate change ; cost effectiveness ; forest conservation ; forests ; lidar ; models ; peat ; peatlands ; satellites ; swamps ; Indonesia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-12
    Size p. 4.
    Publishing place Springer International Publishing
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ISSN 1750-0680
    DOI 10.1186/s13021-020-00139-2
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Mapping deep peat carbon stock from a LiDAR based DTM and field measurements, with application to eastern Sumatra.

    Vernimmen, Ronald / Hooijer, Aljosja / Akmalia, Rizka / Fitranatanegara, Natan / Mulyadi, Dedi / Yuherdha, Angga / Andreas, Heri / Page, Susan

    Carbon balance and management

    2020  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

    Abstract: Background: Reduction of carbon emissions from peatlands is recognized as an important factor in global climate change mitigation. Within the SE Asia region, areas of deeper peat present the greatest carbon stocks, and therefore the greatest potential ... ...

    Abstract Background: Reduction of carbon emissions from peatlands is recognized as an important factor in global climate change mitigation. Within the SE Asia region, areas of deeper peat present the greatest carbon stocks, and therefore the greatest potential for future carbon emissions from degradation and fire. They also support most of the remaining lowland swamp forest and its associated biodiversity. Accurate maps of deep peat are central to providing correct estimates of peat carbon stocks and to facilitating appropriate management interventions. We present a rapid and cost-effective approach to peat thickness mapping in raised peat bogs that applies a model of peat bottom elevation based on field measurements subtracted from a surface elevation model created from airborne LiDAR data.
    Results: In two raised peat bog test areas in Indonesia, we find that field peat thickness measurements correlate well with surface elevation derived from airborne LiDAR based DTMs (R
    Conclusion: We discuss how the deep peat map may be used to identify priority areas for peat and forest conservation and thereby help prevent major potential future carbon emissions and support the safeguarding of the remaining forest and biodiversity. We propose rapid application of this method to other coastal raised bog peatland areas in SE Asia in support of improved peatland zoning and management. We demonstrate that the upcoming global ICESat-2 and GEDI satellite LiDAR coverage will likely result in a global DTM that, within a few years, will be sufficiently accurate for this application.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1750-0680
    ISSN 1750-0680
    DOI 10.1186/s13021-020-00139-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Distance to forest, mammal and bird dispersal drive natural regeneration on degraded tropical peatland

    Wijedasa, Lahiru S / Bahri, Samsul / Evans, Theodore A / Hooijer, Aljosja / Jensen, Rolf M / Lasmito / Mulyadi, Dedi / Page, Susan E / Priatna, Dolly / Randi, Agusti / Vernimmen, Ronald

    Forest ecology and management. 2020 Apr. 01, v. 461

    2020  

    Abstract: Restoration of peat swamp forest (PSF) on degraded Southeast Asian peatlands could reduce global carbon emissions and biodiversity loss. However, multiple ecological barriers are believed to hinder natural regeneration of native trees on degraded ... ...

    Abstract Restoration of peat swamp forest (PSF) on degraded Southeast Asian peatlands could reduce global carbon emissions and biodiversity loss. However, multiple ecological barriers are believed to hinder natural regeneration of native trees on degraded peatland and make restoration expensive. We evaluated if natural PSF regeneration occurs and what factors may influence it on eight different land use and land cover (LULC) classes with different types of disturbance, including drainage and fire, in a retired Acacia crassicarpa Benth. (Acacia) plantation landscape. The study involved 42 plots inside five PSF LULCs – intact, logged, burnt (1997, 2015), remnant and 212 plots at distances up to 2 km from the PSF edge in three Acacia plantation LULCs – unharvested, harvested, and burnt. The number of species per plot were similar between intact PSF (25 ± 6 (SD) per 20 m × 10 m plot), logged forest (30 ± 6) and 1997 burnt forest (30 ± 13) but lower in 2015 burnt forest (11 ± 10) and remnant forest (18 ± 11). Regeneration away from the PSF across all degraded LULCs varied from fern dominated areas with no regeneration to clusters with high stem densities. The plantation LULCs, unharvested (94 species) and harvested Acacia (71 species), had similar overall species diversity after 3–4 years of regeneration to the intact and logged PSF (90 species). In unharvested Acacia, total species diversity, species per plot and stem density decreased with distance from forest edge (1–300 m – 87 species; 9 ± 6 (SD) species per 20 m × 10 m plot; 1,056 stems/ha; 301–500 m – 33; 5 ± 2; 511 and >500 m – 38; 6 ± 3; 683). In harvested Acacia, there was low plot species diversity irrespective of distance from the forest (1–300 m – 51; 4 ± 2; 578; 301–500 m – 17; 4 ± 2; 1,100; >500 m – 48; 4 ± 2; 780). Factors which may influence regeneration differed between different LULCs, but there was a clear influence of distance from forest edge and dispersal mechanism – i.e. whether a tree was bird or mammal dispersed and the interaction between these two factors. While our study suggests that if not further disturbed by logging, drainage and/or fire, degraded PSF could regenerate naturally to a similar species diversity as intact PSF, the lower levels of natural regeneration further away from the forest may warrant selective planting of species which do not disperse over long distances. More study is needed on the factors facilitating natural regeneration, whether it leads to restoration of PSF ecosystem functioning and the role of Acacia as a potential regeneration catalyst.
    Keywords Acacia crassicarpa ; birds ; carbon ; drainage ; ecological footprint ; edge effects ; emissions ; ferns and fern allies ; fire ecology ; forest fires ; forest plantations ; forests ; indigenous species ; land use and land cover maps ; landscapes ; logging ; mammals ; natural regeneration ; peat ; peatlands ; planting ; species diversity ; stems ; swamps ; trees
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0401
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 751138-3
    ISSN 0378-1127
    ISSN 0378-1127
    DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.117868
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Hydrological and economic effects of oil palm cultivation in Indonesian peatlands

    Sumarga, Elham / Hein, Lars / Hooijer, Aljosja / Vernimmen, Ronald

    Ecology and Society

    2016  Volume 21, Issue 2

    Abstract: Oil palm has increasingly been established on peatlands throughout Indonesia. One of the concerns is that the drainage required for cultivating oil palm in peatlands leads to soil subsidence, potentially increasing future flood risks. This study analyzes ...

    Abstract Oil palm has increasingly been established on peatlands throughout Indonesia. One of the concerns is that the drainage required for cultivating oil palm in peatlands leads to soil subsidence, potentially increasing future flood risks. This study analyzes the hydrological and economic effects of oil palm production in a peat landscape in Central Kalimantan. We examine two land use scenarios, one involving conversion of the complete landscape including a large peat area to oil palm plantations, and another involving mixed land use including oil palm plantations, jelutung (jungle rubber; (Dyera spp.) plantations, and natural forest. The hydrological effect was analyzed through flood risk modeling using a high-resolution digital elevation model. For the economic analysis, we analyzed four ecosystem services: oil palm production, jelutung production, carbon sequestration, and orangutan habitat. This study shows that after 100 years, in the oil palm scenario, about 67% of peat in the study area will be subject to regular flooding. The flood-prone area will be unsuitable for oil palm and other crops requiring drained soils. The oil palm scenario is the most profitable only in the short term and when the externalities of oil palm production, i.e., the costs of CO2emissions, are not considered. In the examined scenarios, the social costs of carbon emissions exceed the private benefits from oil palm plantations in peat. Depending upon the local hydrology, income from jelutung, which can sustainably be grown in undrained conditions and does not lead to soil subsidence, outweighs that from oil palm after several decades. These findings illustrate the trade-offs faced at present in Indonesian peatland management and point to economic advantages of an approach that involves expansion of oil palm on mineral lands while conserving natural peat forests and using degraded peat for crops that do not require drainage.
    Keywords Ecosystem services ; Flood risk modeling ; Indonesia ; Jelutung ; Oil palm ; Peat
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2647724-5
    ISSN 1708-3087
    ISSN 1708-3087
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Creating a Lowland and Peatland Landscape Digital Terrain Model (DTM) from Interpolated Partial Coverage LiDAR Data for Central Kalimantan and East Sumatra, Indonesia

    Vernimmen, Ronald / Hooijer, Aljosja / Yuherdha, Angga T / Visser, Martijn / Pronk, Maarten / Eilander, Dirk / Akmalia, Rizka / Fitranatanegara, Natan / Mulyadi, Dedi / Andreas, Heri / Ouellette, James / Hadley, Warwick

    Remote Sensing. 2019 May 14, v. 11, no. 10

    2019  

    Abstract: Coastal lowland areas support much of the world population on only a small part of its terrestrial surface. Yet these areas face rapidly increasing land surface subsidence and flooding, and are most vulnerable to future sea level rise. The accurate and ... ...

    Abstract Coastal lowland areas support much of the world population on only a small part of its terrestrial surface. Yet these areas face rapidly increasing land surface subsidence and flooding, and are most vulnerable to future sea level rise. The accurate and up to date digital terrain models (DTMs) that are required to predict and manage such risks are absent in many of the areas affected, especially in regions where populations are least developed economically and may be least resilient to such changes. Airborne LiDAR is widely seen as the most accurate data type for elevation mapping but can be prohibitively expensive, as are detailed field surveys across a broad geographic scale. We present an economical method that utilizes airborne LiDAR data along parallel flight lines (‘strips’) covering between 10% and 35% of the land depending on terrain characteristics, and manual interpolation. We present results for lowland areas in Central Kalimantan and East Sumatra (Indonesia), for which no accurate DTM currently exists. The study areas are covered with forest, plantations and agricultural land, on mineral soils and peatlands. The method is shown to yield DTM differences within 0.5 m, relative to full coverage LiDAR data, for 87.7–96.4% of the land surface in a range of conditions in 15 validation areas, and within 1.0 m for 99.3% of the area overall. After testing, the method was then applied to the entire eastern coastal zone of Sumatra, yielding a DTM at 100 m spatial resolution covering 7.1 Mha of lowland area from 1.45 Mha of effective LiDAR coverage. The DTM shows that 36.3%, or 2.6 Mha, of this area is below 2 m +MSL and, therefore, at risk of flooding in the near future as sea level rise continues. This DTM product is available for use in flood risk mapping, peatland mapping and other applications.
    Keywords coasts ; forests ; landscapes ; lidar ; lowlands ; mineral soils ; models ; peatlands ; plantations ; remote sensing ; risk ; risk assessment ; sea level ; subsidence ; surveys ; Borneo ; Indonesia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0514
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2513863-7
    ISSN 2072-4292
    ISSN 2072-4292
    DOI 10.3390/rs11101152
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Variable carbon losses from recurrent fires in drained tropical peatlands.

    Konecny, Kristina / Ballhorn, Uwe / Navratil, Peter / Jubanski, Juilson / Page, Susan E / Tansey, Kevin / Hooijer, Aljosja / Vernimmen, Ronald / Siegert, Florian

    Global change biology

    2016  Volume 22, Issue 4, Page(s) 1469–1480

    Abstract: Tropical peatland fires play a significant role in the context of global warming through emissions of substantial amounts of greenhouse gases. However, the state of knowledge on carbon loss from these fires is still poorly developed with few studies ... ...

    Abstract Tropical peatland fires play a significant role in the context of global warming through emissions of substantial amounts of greenhouse gases. However, the state of knowledge on carbon loss from these fires is still poorly developed with few studies reporting the associated mass of peat consumed. Furthermore, spatial and temporal variations in burn depth have not been previously quantified. This study presents the first spatially explicit investigation of fire-driven tropical peat loss and its variability. An extensive airborne Light Detection and Ranging data set was used to develop a prefire peat surface modelling methodology, enabling the spatially differentiated quantification of burned area depth over the entire burned area. We observe a strong interdependence between burned area depth, fire frequency and distance to drainage canals. For the first time, we show that relative burned area depth decreases over the first four fire events and is constant thereafter. Based on our results, we revise existing peat and carbon loss estimates for recurrent fires in drained tropical peatlands. We suggest values for the dry mass of peat fuel consumed that are 206 t ha(-1) for initial fires, reducing to 115 t ha(-1) for second, 69 t ha(-1) for third and 23 t ha(-1) for successive fires, which are 58-7% of the current IPCC Tier 1 default value for all fires. In our study area, this results in carbon losses of 114, 64, 38 and 13 t C ha(-1) for first to fourth fires, respectively. Furthermore, we show that with increasing proximity to drainage canals both burned area depth and the probability of recurrent fires increase and present equations explaining burned area depth as a function of distance to drainage canal. This improved knowledge enables a more accurate approach to emissions accounting and will support IPCC Tier 2 reporting of fire emissions.
    MeSH term(s) Carbon ; Fires ; Indonesia ; Models, Theoretical ; Soil ; Tropical Climate
    Chemical Substances Soil ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1281439-8
    ISSN 1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
    ISSN (online) 1365-2486
    ISSN 1354-1013
    DOI 10.1111/gcb.13186
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Extent of industrial plantations on Southeast Asian peatlands in 2010 with analysis of historical expansion and future projections

    Miettinen, Jukka / Hooijer, Aljosja / Shi, Chenghua / Tollenaar, Daniel / Vernimmen, Ronald / Liew, Soo Chin / Malins, Chris / Page, Susan E.

    Global change biology

    2012  Volume 4, Issue 6, Page(s) 908

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2462205-9
    ISSN 1757-1693
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  10. Article ; Online: Author Correction: Long-term carbon sink in Borneo's forests halted by drought and vulnerable to edges.

    Qie, Lan / Lewis, Simon L / Sullivan, Martin J P / Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela / Pickavance, Georgia C / Sunderland, Terry / Ashton, Peter / Hubau, Wannes / Abu Salim, Kamariah / Aiba, Shin-Ichiro / Banin, Lindsay F / Berry, Nicholas / Brearley, Francis Q / Burslem, David F R P / Dančák, Martin / Davies, Stuart J / Fredriksson, Gabriella / Hamer, Keith C / Hédl, Radim /
    Kho, Lip Khoon / Kitayama, Kanehiro / Krisnawati, Haruni / Lhota, Stanislav / Malhi, Yadvinder / Maycock, Colin / Metali, Faizah / Mirmanto, Edi / Nagy, Laszlo / Nilus, Reuben / Ong, Robert / Pendry, Colin A / Poulsen, Axel Dalberg / Primack, Richard B / Rutishauser, Ervan / Samsoedin, Ismayadi / Saragih, Bernaulus / Sist, Plinio / Ferry Slik, J W / Sukri, Rahayu Sukmaria / Svátek, Martin / Tan, Sylvester / Tjoa, Aiyen / van Nieuwstadt, Mark / Vernimmen, Ronald R E / Yassir, Ishak / Kidd, Petra Susan / Fitriadi, Muhammad / Ideris, Nur Khalish Hafizhah / Serudin, Rafizah Mat / Abdullah Lim, Layla Syaznie / Saparudin, Muhammad Shahruney / Phillips, Oliver L

    Nature communications

    2018  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 342

    Abstract: The original version of this Article contained an error in the third sentence of the abstract and incorrectly read "Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ... ...

    Abstract The original version of this Article contained an error in the third sentence of the abstract and incorrectly read "Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Published Erratum
    ISSN 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-018-02920-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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