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  1. Article ; Online: Editorial

    Marco Fiorentino / Vincenzo Cantaluppi / Ravindra L. Mehta

    Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

    COVID-19 Related Kidney Disease: From Epidemiology to Clinical Management

    2022  Volume 9

    Keywords COVID-19 ; kidney disease ; dialysis ; acute kidney injury ; vaccination ; kidney transplant ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Extracellular Vesicles Released from Stem Cells as a New Therapeutic Strategy for Primary and Secondary Glomerulonephritis

    Marco Quaglia / Guido Merlotti / Laura Fornara / Andrea Colombatto / Vincenzo Cantaluppi

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 5760, p

    2022  Volume 5760

    Abstract: Current treatment of primary and secondary glomerulopathies is hampered by many limits and a significant proportion of these disorders still evolves towards end-stage renal disease. A possible answer to this unmet challenge could be represented by ... ...

    Abstract Current treatment of primary and secondary glomerulopathies is hampered by many limits and a significant proportion of these disorders still evolves towards end-stage renal disease. A possible answer to this unmet challenge could be represented by therapies with stem cells, which include a variety of progenitor cell types derived from embryonic or adult tissues. Stem cell self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation ability explain their potential to protect and regenerate injured cells, including kidney tubular cells, podocytes and endothelial cells. In addition, a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions appears to interfere with the pathogenic mechanisms of glomerulonephritis. Of note, mesenchymal stromal cells have been particularly investigated as therapy for Lupus Nephritis and Diabetic Nephropathy, whereas initial evidence suggest their beneficial effects in primary glomerulopathies such as IgA nephritis. Extracellular vesicles mediate a complex intercellular communication network, shuttling proteins, nucleic acids and other bioactive molecules from origin to target cells to modulate their functions. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles recapitulate beneficial cytoprotective, reparative and immunomodulatory properties of parental cells and are increasingly recognized as a cell-free alternative to stem cell-based therapies for different diseases including glomerulonephritis, also considering the low risk for potential adverse effects such as maldifferentiation and tumorigenesis. We herein summarize the renoprotective potential of therapies with stem cells and extracellular vesicles derived from progenitor cells in glomerulonephritis, with a focus on their different mechanisms of actions. Technological progress and growing knowledge are paving the way for wider clinical application of regenerative medicine to primary and secondary glomerulonephritis: this multi-level, pleiotropic therapy may open new scenarios overcoming the limits and side effects of traditional treatments, ...
    Keywords glomerulonephritis ; focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis ; IgA glomerulonephritis ; vasculitis ; lupus nephritis ; diabetic nephropathy ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Recent Advances on Biomarkers of Early and Late Kidney Graft Dysfunction

    Marco Quaglia / Guido Merlotti / Gabriele Guglielmetti / Giuseppe Castellano / Vincenzo Cantaluppi

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 5404, p

    2020  Volume 5404

    Abstract: New biomarkers of early and late graft dysfunction are needed in renal transplant to improve management of complications and prolong graft survival. A wide range of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, measured in different biological fluids ( ... ...

    Abstract New biomarkers of early and late graft dysfunction are needed in renal transplant to improve management of complications and prolong graft survival. A wide range of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, measured in different biological fluids (serum, plasma, urine) and in renal tissues, have been proposed for post-transplant delayed graft function (DGF), acute rejection (AR), and chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD). This review investigates old and new potential biomarkers for each of these clinical domains, seeking to underline their limits and strengths. OMICs technology has allowed identifying many candidate biomarkers, providing diagnostic and prognostic information at very early stages of pathological processes, such as AR. Donor-derived cell-free DNA (ddcfDNA) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are further promising tools. Although most of these biomarkers still need to be validated in multiple independent cohorts and standardized, they are paving the way for substantial advances, such as the possibility of accurately predicting risk of DGF before graft is implanted, of making a “molecular” diagnosis of subclinical rejection even before histological lesions develop, or of dissecting etiology of CAD. Identification of “immunoquiescent” or even tolerant patients to guide minimization of immunosuppressive therapy is another area of active research. The parallel progress in imaging techniques, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence (AI) is helping to fully exploit the wealth of information provided by biomarkers, leading to improved disease nosology of old entities such as transplant glomerulopathy. Prospective studies are needed to assess whether introduction of these new sets of biomarkers into clinical practice could actually reduce the need for renal biopsy, integrate traditional tools, and ultimately improve graft survival compared to current management.
    Keywords renal transplant ; biomarkers ; extracellular vesicles ; acute rejection ; chronic rejection ; chronic allograft dysfunction ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Blood–Brain Barrier Biomarkers before and after Kidney Transplantation

    Leah Hernandez / Liam J. Ward / Samsul Arefin / Peter Barany / Lars Wennberg / Magnus Söderberg / Stefania Bruno / Vincenzo Cantaluppi / Peter Stenvinkel / Karolina Kublickiene

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 6628, p

    2023  Volume 6628

    Abstract: Kidney transplantation (KT) may improve the neurological status of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, reflected by the altered levels of circulating BBB-specific biomarkers. This study compares the levels of neuron specific enolase (NSE), brain- ... ...

    Abstract Kidney transplantation (KT) may improve the neurological status of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, reflected by the altered levels of circulating BBB-specific biomarkers. This study compares the levels of neuron specific enolase (NSE), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and circulating plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in kidney-failure patients before KT and at a two-year follow up. Using ELISA, NSE, BDNF, and NfL levels were measured in the plasma of 74 living-donor KT patients. Plasma EVs were isolated with ultracentrifugation, and characterized for concentration/size and surface protein expression using flow cytometry from a subset of 25 patients. Lower NSE levels, and higher BDNF and NfL were observed at the two-year follow-up compared to the baseline ( p < 0.05). Male patients had significantly higher BDNF levels compared to those of females. BBB biomarkers correlated with the baseline lipid profile and with glucose, vitamin D, and inflammation markers after KT. BBB surrogate marker changes in the microcirculation of early vascular aging phenotype patients with calcification and/or fibrosis were observed only in NSE and BDNF. CD31+ microparticles from endothelial cells expressing inflammatory markers such as CD40 and integrins were significantly reduced after KT. KT may, thus, improve the neurological status of CKD patients, as reflected by changes in BBB-specific biomarkers.
    Keywords CKD ; end-stage kidney failure ; kidney transplantation ; BBB ; NSE ; NfL ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Acute kidney injury in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients

    Vito Fanelli / Marco Fiorentino / Vincenzo Cantaluppi / Loreto Gesualdo / Giovanni Stallone / Claudio Ronco / Giuseppe Castellano

    Critical Care, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 3

    Keywords Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ; RC86-88.9 ; covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Interrelationship among Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Renal Function and Survival

    Patrizia Pochetti / Danila Azzolina / Beatrice Ragnoli / Paolo Amedeo Tillio / Vincenzo Cantaluppi / Mario Malerba

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 17, Iss 4922, p

    A Cohort Study

    2020  Volume 4922

    Abstract: Previous studies showed a bidirectional relationship between renal function decline and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (C-PAP) treatment was shown to preserve the kidney function in OSA patients. This study ... ...

    Abstract Previous studies showed a bidirectional relationship between renal function decline and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (C-PAP) treatment was shown to preserve the kidney function in OSA patients. This study aims to investigate the progression of long-term renal function in OSA patients treated with different PAP strategies (patients were divided into two groups, fixed C-PAP or other PAP—automatic and bilevel pressure). Comorbidities and 10-years survival were also evaluated. We performed a retrospective, observational, single-center, cohort study, including the first 40 consecutive patients enrolled from 2009 in the Respiratory disease Unit at the Vercelli University Hospital database. The patient inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 18 years with OSA syndrome according to AASM (American Academy of Sleep Medicine) guidelines. Creatinine serum levels (mg/dL) and the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR, mL/min calculated by CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation)) were measured at 3 different time points: at baseline, 3 years and 8 years after PAP treatment. The Kaplan–Meier survival curves stratified according to PAP treatment and compliance have been reported together with log-rank test estimation. In our study, we found a significant creatinine serum level reduction after 3 years of fixed C-PAP treatment ( p value = 0.006) when compared to baseline values. However, we observed that the long-term C-PAP benefit was not significant ( p value = 0.060). Our data confirmed the progressive renal function decline in OSA patients, especially in those using other-PAP treatments; nevertheless, OSA treatment with a fixed C-PAP device has shown, in the short term, a significant improvement in renal function. By contrast, in our study, long-term benefits after 8 years are not been demonstrated probably because of the lack of compliance of the patients and the aging effect.
    Keywords obstructive sleep apnea ; C-PAP ; creatinine ; eGFR ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Plasma Pattern of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Hepatitis C Virus Patients and Their Effects on Human Vascular Endothelial Cells

    Elena Grossini / Carlo Smirne / Sakthipriyan Venkatesan / Stelvio Tonello / Davide D’Onghia / Rosalba Minisini / Vincenzo Cantaluppi / Pier Paolo Sainaghi / Cristoforo Comi / Adele Tanzi / Benedetta Bussolati / Mario Pirisi

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 24, Iss 10197, p

    2023  Volume 10197

    Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as pathogenic factors for the onset of HCV-related endothelial dysfunction. Sixty-five ... ...

    Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as pathogenic factors for the onset of HCV-related endothelial dysfunction. Sixty-five patients with various stages of HCV-related chronic liver disease were enrolled in this case series. Plasma EVs were characterized and used to stimulate human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC), which were examined for cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release. The results showed that EVs from HCV patients were mainly of endothelial and lymphocyte origin. Moreover, EVs were able to reduce cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential of HUVEC, while increasing ROS release. Those harmful effects were reduced by the pretreatment of HUVEC with the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)/AMP-activated protein kinase and protein kinase B blockers. In conclusion, in HCV patients, we could highlight a circulating pattern of EVs capable of inducing damage to the endothelium. These data represent a novel possible pathogenic mechanism underlying the reported increase of CVD occurrence in HCV infection and could be of clinical relevance also in relation to the widespread use of antiviral drugs.
    Keywords cardiovascular disease ; cell survival ; endothelial dysfunction ; exosomes ; hepatitis C virus ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Endothelial Progenitor Cells Protect Human Glomerular Endothelial Cells and Podocytes from Complement- and Cytokine-Mediated Injury

    Davide Medica / Rossana Franzin / Alessandra Stasi / Giuseppe Castellano / Massimiliano Migliori / Vincenzo Panichi / Federico Figliolini / Loreto Gesualdo / Giovanni Camussi / Vincenzo Cantaluppi

    Cells, Vol 10, Iss 1675, p

    2021  Volume 1675

    Abstract: Glomerulonephritis are renal inflammatory processes characterized by increased permeability of the Glomerular Filtration Barrier (GFB) with consequent hematuria and proteinuria. Glomerular endothelial cells (GEC) and podocytes are part of the GFB and ... ...

    Abstract Glomerulonephritis are renal inflammatory processes characterized by increased permeability of the Glomerular Filtration Barrier (GFB) with consequent hematuria and proteinuria. Glomerular endothelial cells (GEC) and podocytes are part of the GFB and contribute to the maintenance of its structural and functional integrity through the release of paracrine mediators. Activation of the complement cascade and pro-inflammatory cytokines (CK) such as Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) can alter GFB function, causing acute glomerular injury and progression toward chronic kidney disease. Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPC) are bone-marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells circulating in peripheral blood and able to induce angiogenesis and to repair injured endothelium by releasing paracrine mediators including Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), microparticles involved in intercellular communication by transferring proteins, lipids, and genetic material (mRNA, microRNA, lncRNA) to target cells. We have previously demonstrated that EPC-derived EVs activate an angiogenic program in quiescent endothelial cells and renoprotection in different experimental models. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro the protective effect of EPC-derived EVs on GECs and podocytes cultured in detrimental conditions with CKs (TNF-α/IL-6) and the complement protein C5a. EVs were internalized in both GECs and podocytes mainly through a L-selectin-based mechanism. In GECs, EVs enhanced the formation of capillary-like structures and cell migration by modulating gene expression and inducing the release of growth factors such as VEGF-A and HGF. In the presence of CKs, and C5a, EPC-derived EVs protected GECs from apoptosis by decreasing oxidative stress and prevented leukocyte adhesion by inhibiting the expression of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin). On podocytes, EVs inhibited apoptosis and prevented nephrin shedding induced by CKs and C5a. In a co-culture model of GECs/podocytes that mimicked GFB, ...
    Keywords endothelial progenitor cells ; extracellular vesicles ; glomerular endothelial cells ; podocytes ; glomerulonephritis ; inflammation ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Le acidosi tubulari

    Marco Quaglia / Guido Merlotti / Vincenzo Cantaluppi

    Giornale di Clinica Nefrologia e Dialisi, Vol 28, Iss

    2016  Volume 3

    Abstract: Abstract non ... ...

    Abstract Abstract non disponibile
    Keywords Aldosterone ; Hypokalemia ; Hyperkalemia ; Nephrolithiasis ; Nefrocalcinosis ; Renal Tubular Acidosis ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ; RC870-923
    Language Italian
    Publishing date 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher AboutScience Srl
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Le nefropatie tubulo-interstiziali a trasmissione autosomica dominante (ADTKD)

    Marco Quaglia / Michele Battista / Guido Merlotti / Martina Mazzariol / Vincenzo Cantaluppi

    Giornale di Clinica Nefrologia e Dialisi, Vol 29, Iss

    2017  Volume 4

    Abstract: Abstract non ... ...

    Abstract Abstract non disponibile
    Keywords Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease ; Genetic analysis ; Genetic mutations ; Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 β ; Mucin-1 ; Renin ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ; RC870-923
    Language Italian
    Publishing date 2017-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher AboutScience Srl
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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