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Article ; Online: Social and environmental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children.

Viola, Thiago Wendt / Nunes, Magda Lahorgue

2021 Volume 98 Suppl 1, Page(s) S4–S12

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to review the literature, summarizing the existing evidence on the effects of the pandemic on children, adolescents and parents, with an emphasis on the psychological, emotional, and sleep quality consequences.: Source of ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This study aimed to review the literature, summarizing the existing evidence on the effects of the pandemic on children, adolescents and parents, with an emphasis on the psychological, emotional, and sleep quality consequences. Source of data: Empirical studies identified in the following databases: MEDLINE, ISI Web of Knowledge/Web of Science, and preprint servers. Synthesis of data: The findings point to a wide range of consequences for children and adolescents resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, which mainly includes an increase in depressive mood symptoms. There is also an increase in anxiety symptoms, suicidal ideation, as well as potential delays in language and motor development resulting from deprivation of social interaction and the closing of schools. These effects are more severe due to previous neuropsychiatric conditions. For parents, there is an increase in anxiety, depressive and post-traumatic symptoms, which are more accentuated in those who suffered socioeconomic damage due to the pandemic. There was an important increase in situations of violence towards children by parents and caregivers during the pandemic. Also, changes in routine and fear of the pandemic have negatively impacted sleep quality, globally. Conclusions: It is noteworthy that most studies published to date used a cross-sectional design and applied online screening questionnaires. The few studies with a longitudinal design suggest that these changes may have been transitory and more prevalent at the beginning of the pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Anxiety/etiology ; Anxiety Disorders ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Pandemics
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-20
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	731324-x
ISSN	1678-4782 ; 0021-7557
ISSN (online)	1678-4782
ISSN	0021-7557
DOI	10.1016/j.jped.2021.08.003
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Article ; Online: A promising era for epigenetic research: revealing the molecular signature of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Viola, Thiago Wendt / Fries, Gabriel Rodrigo

Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)

2019 Volume 41, Issue 6, Page(s) 469–470

MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Epigenomics ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/genetics
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-09
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	1809-452X
ISSN (online)	1809-452X
DOI	10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0638
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: A systematic mini-review of epigenetic mechanisms associated with electroconvulsive therapy in humans.

Castro, Sayra Catalina Coral / Bicca, Carla / Bicca, Bruno / Araujo, Stéfany / Viola, Thiago Wendt

Frontiers in human neuroscience

2023 Volume 17, Page(s) 1143332

Abstract: Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective strategies for treating resistant major depression. Although the mechanism of action is not fully understood and studies are limited, epigenetics is a promising area for the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective strategies for treating resistant major depression. Although the mechanism of action is not fully understood and studies are limited, epigenetics is a promising area for the development of biomarkers associated with ECT treatment response. Aim: We reviewed studies available in the literature that explored the epigenetics of ECT in peripheral samples from patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: A systematic review was performed following The PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed in seven electronic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, Cochrane, and Cinahl. Results: Nine studies were included. Seven assessed DNA methylation and three investigated microRNAs (miR). Overall, most studies were exploratory, with small sample sizes, and we found high heterogeneity between the study's design, ECT protocols, molecular biology methods, and epigenetic findings. Investigated candidates with some evidence of association with ECT treatment response were Conclusion: The present findings seem to support previous preclinical research, suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in the molecular mechanism underlying ECT effects.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2425477-0
ISSN	1662-5161
ISSN	1662-5161
DOI	10.3389/fnhum.2023.1143332
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Article: Editorial: Polysubstance Abuse and Cognitive Dysfunction.

Kluwe-Schiavon, Bruno / Viola, Thiago Wendt / Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo / Tractenberg, Saulo Gantes

Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience

2022 Volume 16, Page(s) 916921

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2452960-6
ISSN	1662-5153
ISSN	1662-5153
DOI	10.3389/fnbeh.2022.916921
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Article ; Online: Decision-making under risk and theory of mind in adolescent offenders in provisional deprivation of liberty.

Loureiro, Rubens José / Kataoka, Flavio Takemi / Viola, Thiago Wendt / Vargas, Gisele Iesbich / Sanvicente-Vieira, Breno / Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo / Kluwe-Schiavon, Bruno

Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy

2023 Volume 44, Page(s) e20200155

Abstract: Introduction: Delinquent behaviors are risky behaviors that increase during puberty and reach their highest peak in late adolescence. It has been proposed that poor decision-making and theory of mind (ToM) are key cognitive processes implicated with ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Delinquent behaviors are risky behaviors that increase during puberty and reach their highest peak in late adolescence. It has been proposed that poor decision-making and theory of mind (ToM) are key cognitive processes implicated with delinquency during adolescence, affecting evaluation of risks and impairing appreciation of social norms. Nevertheless, it is not yet clear whether adolescent offenders who are subjected to provisional deprivation of liberty due to conflict with the law (adolescents in conflict with the law [ACL]) might, in fact, present a specific profile with regard to these cognitive processes. Objectives: To assess deliberative decision-making and ToM among adolescents in conflict with the law and adolescents not in conflict with the law. Methods: The sample comprised 62 participants: ACL (n = 29) and a control group (CG) (n = 33). ToM was assessed with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) and decision-making was assessed with the Columbia Card Task (CCT). Substance use, callous-unemotional traits, childhood maltreatment, and intelligence quotient (IQ) were also assessed. Results: ACL had more ToM errors for negative mental states in comparison to CG, but not for error rates concerning neutral and positive mental states. With regards to decision-making, our results suggest that ACL group members did not vary their behavior based on the available information and that the risk information had an opposite effect on the number of cards chosen (risk-taking behavior) when compared to CG. Conclusion: These findings have important implications for development of interventions for these adolescents, suggesting that they tend to learn little from negative outcomes and have reduced capacity to process negative emotions.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Theory of Mind ; Criminals ; Social Behavior ; Risk-Taking ; Substance-Related Disorders
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-20
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2708374-3
ISSN	2238-0019 ; 2238-0019
ISSN (online)	2238-0019
ISSN	2238-0019
DOI	10.47626/2237-6089-2020-0155
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Article ; Online: Examining predictors of cocaine withdrawal syndrome at the end of detoxification treatment in women with cocaine use disorder.

Heberle, Bernardo Aguzzoli / Kluwe-Schiavon, Bruno / Bicca, Carla / Melo Rothmann, Leonardo / Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo / Viola, Thiago Wendt

Journal of psychiatric research

2023 Volume 169, Page(s) 247–256

Abstract: Background: Detoxification is frequently recommended as a treatment for moderate to severe Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD). However, the response to detoxification varies among patients, and previous studies have focused mostly on patterns of drug use ... ...

Abstract	Background: Detoxification is frequently recommended as a treatment for moderate to severe Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD). However, the response to detoxification varies among patients, and previous studies have focused mostly on patterns of drug use behavior to test associations with treatment outcomes, overlooking the potential impact of psychosocial factors, other clinical variables, and individual life experiences. In this study we comprehensively examined several variables aiming to find the most relevant predictors to classify patients with severe versus non-severe cocaine withdrawal symptoms at the end of detoxification. Methods: Data from 284 women with CUD who enrolled in a 3-week detoxification program was used in this longitudinal study. Psychosocial, clinical, and drug use behavior characteristics were evaluated, generating a dataset with 256 potential predictors. We tested six different machine learning classification algorithms. Results: The best classification algorithm achieved an average accuracy and ROC-AUC of approximately 70%. The 16 features selected as best predictors were the severity of psychiatric, family, and social problems and the level of exposure to childhood maltreatment. Features associated with drug-use behavior included days consuming drugs and having craving symptoms in the last month before treatment, number of previous drug/alcohol-related treatments, and a composite score of addiction severity. The level of cocaine withdrawal syndrome at the beginning of detoxification was also a key feature for classification. A network analysis revealed the pattern of association between predictors. Conclusion: These variables can be assessed in real-world clinical settings, potentially helping clinicians to identify individuals with severe cocaine withdrawal that is likely to be sustained over the course of detoxification.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Cocaine ; Longitudinal Studies ; Cocaine-Related Disorders/therapy ; Cocaine-Related Disorders/diagnosis ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/therapy ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/psychology
Chemical Substances	Cocaine (I5Y540LHVR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3148-3
ISSN	1879-1379 ; 0022-3956
ISSN (online)	1879-1379
ISSN	0022-3956
DOI	10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.11.043
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Article ; Online: Prenatal cocaine exposure and its influence on pediatric epigenetic clocks and epigenetic scores in humans.

Viola, Thiago Wendt / Danzer, Christina / Mardini, Victor / Szobot, Claudia / Chrusciel, João Henrique / Stertz, Laura / Schmitz, Joy M / Walss-Bass, Consuelo / Fries, Gabriel R / Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 1946

Abstract: The investigation of the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on offspring has been inconsistent, with few studies investigating biological outcomes in humans. We profiled genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) of umbilical cord blood (UCB) from ... ...

Abstract	The investigation of the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on offspring has been inconsistent, with few studies investigating biological outcomes in humans. We profiled genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) of umbilical cord blood (UCB) from newborns with (n = 35) and without (n = 47) PCE. We used DNAm data to (1) assess pediatric epigenetic clocks at birth and (2) to estimate epigenetic scores (ES) for lifetime disorders. We generated gestational epigenetic age estimates (DNAmGA) based on Knight and Bohlin epigenetic clocks. We also investigated the association between DNAmGA and UCB serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Considering the large-scale DNAm data availability and existing evidence regarding PCE as a risk for health problems later in life, we generated ES for tobacco smoking, psychosis, autism, diabetes, and obesity. A gene ontology (GO) analysis on the CpGs included in the ES with group differences was performed. PCE was associated with lower DNAmGA in newborns, and this effect remained significant when controlling for potential confounders, such as blood cell type composition predicted by DNAm and obstetric data. DNAmGA was negatively correlated with BDNF levels in the serum of UCB. Higher tobacco smoking, psychosis, and diabetes ES were found in the PCE group. The GO analysis revealed GABAergic synapses as a potential pathway altered by PCE. Our findings of decelerated DNAmGA and ES for adverse phenotypes associated with PCE, suggest that the effects of gestational cocaine exposure on the epigenetic landscape of human newborns are detectable at birth.
MeSH term(s)	Infant, Newborn ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Child ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics ; Autistic Disorder ; Cocaine/toxicity ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Epigenesis, Genetic
Chemical Substances	Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Cocaine (I5Y540LHVR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-52433-5
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Article ; Online: Non-pharmacological interventions aimed at promoting the mental health of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic

Quiroga, Carolina Villanova / Caobelli, Anna Clara Sarmento Leite / Rodrigues, Gabriela Veiga Alano / Viola, Thiago Wendt

medRxiv

Abstract: Background: Interventions to promote mental health in pediatrics need to be effective, especially in crisis contexts. This systematic review proposes compile and analyze the findings of non-pharmacological interventions conducted in samples of children ... ...

Abstract	Background: Interventions to promote mental health in pediatrics need to be effective, especially in crisis contexts. This systematic review proposes compile and analyze the findings of non-pharmacological interventions conducted in samples of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on mental health. Method: The research was carried out in PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science databases for empirical studies, including interventions in which measures of outcome variables were collected at least twice (pre and post). The studies samples were children and adolescents up to 19 years old, and interventions were developed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. After eligibility analyses, 16 studies were included in this review. Results: Studies used different theoretical approaches, focusing on promotion, prevention and treatment in mental health in specifics contexts. Some were delivered online, in-person, or in hybrid formats. Particularly, depression, the most frequently assessed outcome, demonstrated more favorable results within the interventions. However, due to considerable risk of bias, the analysis of results of many included studies should be performed with caution. Conclusions: Most of the interventions necessitate further validation. However, the emergence of interventions during crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, provides an opportunity to expand evidence-based mental health practices, paving the way for their application in other crisis situations. Given that mental health prevention and promotion practices can be integrated into the roles of all healthcare providers, possessing insight into the most suitable evidence-based interventions can elevate the quality of care delivered.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-09
Publisher	Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1101/2023.10.07.23296694
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Sleep quality among parents and their children during COVID-19 pandemic.

Wearick-Silva, Luis Eduardo / Richter, Samanta Andresa / Viola, Thiago Wendt / Nunes, Magda Lahorgue

Jornal de pediatria

2021 Volume 98, Issue 3, Page(s) 248–255

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate sleep characteristics of parents and their children during the COVID-19 pandemic and predictors for sleep disturbances.: Methods: Cross-sectional web-based study using an online survey made available for dyads of parents and ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate sleep characteristics of parents and their children during the COVID-19 pandemic and predictors for sleep disturbances. Methods: Cross-sectional web-based study using an online survey made available for dyads of parents and their children during the 7 Results: Data from 577 dyads showed sleep alterations in 69,8% of adults, in 58,6% of children aged 0-3 years, 33,9% in the 4-12 years range (with a predominance of disorders of initiating or maintaining sleep), and 56,6% in adolescents. Sex (female) and children with sleep disturbances were significant predictors of a sleep problem in parents (p < 0.005). Subjective perception revealed complaints related to emotional concerns such as anxiety and fear in adults and due to alterations in routine in children and adolescents. Conclusion: The present study's data showed an increased rate of sleep problems among families during quarantine both measured by validated instruments and also based on personal perception.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Parents/psychology ; Sleep ; Sleep Quality ; Sleep Wake Disorders/epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-23
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	731324-x
ISSN	1678-4782 ; 0021-7557
ISSN (online)	1678-4782
ISSN	0021-7557
DOI	10.1016/j.jped.2021.07.002
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Article ; Online: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epigenetic clocks in schizophrenia.

Chrusciel, João Henrique / Orso, Rodrigo / de Mattos, Bernardo Paim / Fries, Gabriel R / Kristensen, Christian Haag / Grassi-Oliveira, Rodrigo / Viola, Thiago Wendt

Schizophrenia research

2022 Volume 246, Page(s) 172–174

Abstract: Introduction: Evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with accelerated biological aging. DNA methylation can be used as an indicator of biological aging by means of epigenetic clock estimates.: Objective: The aim of this systematic ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with accelerated biological aging. DNA methylation can be used as an indicator of biological aging by means of epigenetic clock estimates. Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the association between SZ and different epigenetic clocks. Methods: Search terms were applied in different databases: Embase, MEDLINE (EBSCO), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, PsychINFO and Web of Science. To assess for risk of bias we utilized an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were conducted using the random effects model and meta-regressions were used to assess factors associated with heterogeneity. Results: Eight studies were included (Controls, n = 3394; SZ subjects, n = 3096), which analyzed five different epigenetic clocks. Overall meta-analysis revealed no significant differences between SZ and controls on epigenetic aging (Standardized Mean Difference - SMD = -0.21; p = 0.13). However, epigenetic clock method was a significant moderator of heterogeneity (p = 0.004). Using Horvath's clock as reference, higher SMD's were found for PhenoAge and Intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA) clocks. In a stratified meta-analysis restricted to the two clocks mentioned above, a significant accelerating effect was found in patients with SZ when compared to controls (SMD = 0.29; p = 0.003). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the method of epigenetic clocks is a critical factor associated with estimates of aging acceleration in SZ. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings and in order to evaluate a possible minor effect in overall analysis.
MeSH term(s)	Aging/genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Epigenomics ; Humans ; Schizophrenia/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-30
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	639422-x
ISSN	1573-2509 ; 0920-9964
ISSN (online)	1573-2509
ISSN	0920-9964
DOI	10.1016/j.schres.2022.06.029
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