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Article: Radiomics in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: New Horizons in an Aggressive Subtype of the Disease.

Mireștean, Camil Ciprian / Volovăț, Constantin / Iancu, Roxana Irina / Iancu, Dragoș Petru Teodor

2022 Volume 11, Issue 3

Abstract: In the last decade, the analysis of the medical images has evolved significantly, applications and tools capable to extract quantitative characteristics of the images beyond the discrimination capacity of the investigator's eye being developed. The ... ...

Abstract	In the last decade, the analysis of the medical images has evolved significantly, applications and tools capable to extract quantitative characteristics of the images beyond the discrimination capacity of the investigator's eye being developed. The applications of this new research field, called radiomics, presented an exponential growth with direct implications in the diagnosis and prediction of response to therapy. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype with a severe prognosis, despite the aggressive multimodal treatments applied according to the guidelines. Radiomics has already proven the ability to differentiate TNBC from fibroadenoma. Radiomics features extracted from digital mammography may also distinguish between TNBC and non-TNBC. Recent research has identified three distinct subtypes of TNBC using IRM breast images voxel-level radiomics features (size/shape related features, texture features, sharpness). The correlation of these TNBC subtypes with the clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy may lead to the identification of biomarkers in order to guide the clinical decision. Furthermore, the variation of some radiomics features in the neoadjuvant settings provides a tool for the rapid evaluation of treatment efficacy. The association of radiomics features with already identified biomarkers can generate complex predictive and prognostic models. Standardization of image acquisition and also of radiomics feature extraction is required to validate this method in clinical practice.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm11030616
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Article: Immunotherapy with PD-1 Inhibitor Nivolumab in Recurrent/Metastatic Platinum Refractory Head and Neck Cancers-Early Experiences from Romania and Literature Review.

Mireștean, Camil Ciprian / Stan, Mihai Cosmin / Schenker, Michael / Volovăț, Constantin / Volovăț, Simona Ruxandra / Iancu, Dragoș Teodor Petru / Iancu, Roxana Irina / Bădulescu, Florinel

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 16

Abstract: Prognosis in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) refractory to platinum-based chemotherapy is poor, making therapy optimization a priority. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) monoclonal antibody Nivolumab was ... ...

Abstract	Prognosis in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) refractory to platinum-based chemotherapy is poor, making therapy optimization a priority. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) monoclonal antibody Nivolumab was approved in such cases. We present the early experience with Nivolumab immunotherapy at three cancer clinics from south and northeast Romania, aiming to describe the main characteristics and outcomes relative to literature reports, and to suggest patient selection criteria. Diagnostic, clinical, biological, therapeutic, and outcomes-related data from January 2020 until March 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Eighteen patients with platinum refractory HNSCC (85.7% men, median age 58.9) were administered Nivolumab for 1-14 months (median 5.6 months) in addition to other treatments (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy), and monitored for up to 25 months. Median neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ranged from 2.72 initially to 6.01 during treatment. Overall survival (OS) was 16 months, and patients who died early had the sharpest NLR increases (13.07/month). There were no severe immune-related adverse events. Lower NLR values and combined intensive chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy were related to better outcomes. To our knowledge, we also report the first two cases of second primary malignancy (SPM) in the head and neck region treated with Nivolumab in Romania (for which the sequential administration of radiotherapy and immunotherapy seems better). The work of other Romanian authors on the role of HPV status in HNC is also discussed. Multi-center trials are needed in order to investigate and confirm these observations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics13162620
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Article ; Online: Predicting the Feasibility of Curative Resection in Low Rectal Cancer: Insights from a Prospective Observational Study on Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Accuracy.

Volovat, Cristian-Constantin / Scripcariu, Dragos-Viorel / Boboc, Diana / Volovat, Simona-Ruxandra / Vasilache, Ingrid-Andrada / Lupascu-Ursulescu, Corina / Gheorghe, Liliana / Baean, Luiza-Maria / Volovat, Constantin / Scripcariu, Viorel

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

2024 Volume 60, Issue 2

Abstract: Background and ... ...

Abstract	Background and Objectives
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Margins of Excision ; Feasibility Studies ; Rectal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2188113-3
ISSN	1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
ISSN (online)	1648-9144
ISSN	1010-660X
DOI	10.3390/medicina60020330
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Article: Machine Learning-Based Algorithms for Enhanced Prediction of Local Recurrence and Metastasis in Low Rectal Adenocarcinoma Using Imaging, Surgical, and Pathological Data.

Volovat, Cristian-Constantin / Scripcariu, Dragos-Viorel / Boboc, Diana / Volovat, Simona-Ruxandra / Vasilache, Ingrid-Andrada / Ursulescu-Lupascu, Corina / Gheorghe, Liliana / Baean, Luiza-Maria / Volovat, Constantin / Scripcariu, Viorel

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 14, Issue 6

Abstract: 1) Background: Numerous variables could influence the risk of rectal cancer recurrence or metastasis, and machine learning (ML)-based algorithms can help us refine the risk stratification process of these patients and choose the best therapeutic ... ...

Abstract	(1) Background: Numerous variables could influence the risk of rectal cancer recurrence or metastasis, and machine learning (ML)-based algorithms can help us refine the risk stratification process of these patients and choose the best therapeutic approach. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive performance of 4 ML-based models for the prediction of local recurrence or distant metastasis in patients with locally advanced low rectal adenocarcinomas who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgical treatment; (2) Methods: Patients who were admitted at the first Oncologic Surgical Clinic from the Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania were retrospectively included in this study between November 2019 and July 2023. Decision tree (DT), naïve Bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) were used to analyze imagistic, surgical, and pathological data retrieved from the medical files, and their predictive performance was assessed; (3) Results: The best predictive performance was achieved by RF when used to predict disease recurrence (accuracy: 90.85%) or distant metastasis (accuracy: 89.63%). RF was closely followed by SVM (accuracy for recurrence 87.8%; accuracy for metastasis: 87.2%) in terms of predictive performance. NB and DT achieved moderate predictive power for the evaluated outcomes; (4) Conclusions: Complex algorithms such as RF and SVM could be useful for improving the prediction of adverse oncological outcomes in patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics14060625
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Article: A Holographic-Type Model in the Description of Polymer-Drug Delivery Processes.

Nica, Irina / Volovat, Constantin / Boboc, Diana / Popa, Ovidiu / Ochiuz, Lacramioara / Vasincu, Decebal / Ghizdovat, Vlad / Agop, Maricel / Volovat, Cristian Constantin / Lupascu Ursulescu, Corina / Lungulescu, Cristian Virgil / Volovat, Simona Ruxandra

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 17, Issue 4

Abstract: A unitary model of drug release dynamics is proposed, assuming that the polymer-drug system can be assimilated into a multifractal mathematical object. Then, we made a description of drug release dynamics that implies, via Scale Relativity Theory, the ... ...

Abstract	A unitary model of drug release dynamics is proposed, assuming that the polymer-drug system can be assimilated into a multifractal mathematical object. Then, we made a description of drug release dynamics that implies, via Scale Relativity Theory, the functionality of continuous and undifferentiable curves (fractal or multifractal curves), possibly leading to holographic-like behaviors. At such a conjuncture, the Schrödinger and Madelung multifractal scenarios become compatible: in the Schrödinger multifractal scenario, various modes of drug release can be "mimicked" (via period doubling, damped oscillations, modulated and "chaotic" regimes), while the Madelung multifractal scenario involves multifractal diffusion laws (Fickian and non-Fickian diffusions). In conclusion, we propose a unitary model for describing release dynamics in polymer-drug systems. In the model proposed, the polymer-drug dynamics can be described by employing the Scale Relativity Theory in the monofractal case or also in the multifractal one.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2193542-7
ISSN	1424-8247
ISSN	1424-8247
DOI	10.3390/ph17040541
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Article ; Online: Cisplatin and AKI: an ongoing battle with new perspectives-a narrative review.

Volovat, Simona / Apetrii, Mugurel / Stefan, Anca / Vlad, Cristiana / Voroneanu, Luminita / Hogas, Mihai / Haisan, Anca / Volovat, Constantin / Hogas, Simona

International urology and nephrology

2022 Volume 55, Issue 5, Page(s) 1205–1209

Abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a growing global health problem with increased mortality and morbidity. Cisplatin is achemotherapy drug first introduced in 1978, and since then, it became one of the most widely used and successful anti-cancer medication. ... ...

Abstract	Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a growing global health problem with increased mortality and morbidity. Cisplatin is achemotherapy drug first introduced in 1978, and since then, it became one of the most widely used and successful anti-cancer medication. However, there are risks associated with cisplatin administration, such as nephrotoxicity. Mechanisms of nephrotoxicity include proximal tubular injury, DNA damage, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular injury. Although various protocols are being used in clinical practice in nephrotoxicity prevention due to cisplatin, there are no clear guidelines regarding this approach. Most recommendations include hydration and avoiding additional nephrotoxic drugs. To prevent nephrotoxicity, future perspectives could rely on natural products, such as flavonoids or saponins or pharmacological products, such as aprepitant, but data are scarce in this direction. Repetitive administration of cisplatin could cause subclinical kidney injury, which over time, leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, more studies are needed to determine possible ways to prevent nephrotoxicity and avoid the burden of CKD worldwide.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cisplatin/adverse effects ; Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced ; Acute Kidney Injury/prevention & control ; Acute Kidney Injury/drug therapy ; Kidney ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy ; Neoplasms ; Apoptosis
Chemical Substances	Cisplatin (Q20Q21Q62J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	204048-7
ISSN	1573-2584 ; 0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
ISSN (online)	1573-2584
ISSN	0301-1623 ; 0042-1162
DOI	10.1007/s11255-022-03418-8
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Article ; Online: Oncolytic Virotherapy: A New Paradigm in Cancer Immunotherapy.

Volovat, Simona Ruxandra / Scripcariu, Dragos Viorel / Vasilache, Ingrid Andrada / Stolniceanu, Cati Raluca / Volovat, Constantin / Augustin, Iolanda Georgiana / Volovat, Cristian Constantin / Ostafe, Madalina-Raluca / Andreea-Voichița, Slevoacă-Grigore / Bejusca-Vieriu, Toni / Lungulescu, Cristian Virgil / Sur, Daniel / Boboc, Diana

International journal of molecular sciences

2024 Volume 25, Issue 2

Abstract: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as potential treatment options for cancer. Natural and genetically engineered viruses exhibit various antitumor mechanisms. OVs act by direct cytolysis, the potentiation of the immune system through antigen release, ... ...

Abstract	Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as potential treatment options for cancer. Natural and genetically engineered viruses exhibit various antitumor mechanisms. OVs act by direct cytolysis, the potentiation of the immune system through antigen release, and the activation of inflammatory responses or indirectly by interference with different types of elements in the tumor microenvironment, modification of energy metabolism in tumor cells, and antiangiogenic action. The action of OVs is pleiotropic, and they show varied interactions with the host and tumor cells. An important impediment in oncolytic virotherapy is the journey of the virus into the tumor cells and the possibility of its binding to different biological and nonbiological vectors. OVs have been demonstrated to eliminate cancer cells that are resistant to standard treatments in many clinical trials for various cancers (melanoma, lung, and hepatic); however, there are several elements of resistance to the action of viruses per se. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the combination of OVs with other standard treatment modalities, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapies, and cellular therapies, to increase the response rate. This review provides a comprehensive update on OVs, their use in oncolytic virotherapy, and the future prospects of this therapy alongside the standard therapies currently used in cancer treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Oncolytic Virotherapy ; Immunotherapy ; Oncolytic Viruses/genetics ; Cell Death ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Neoplasms/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25021180
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Article: Theoretical-Experimental Approach of Chitosan/Quaternized Chitosan Nanofibers' Behavior in Wound Exudate Media.

Andreica, Bianca-Iustina / Anisiei, Alexandru / Iftime, Manuela-Maria / Ababei, Razvan-Vasile / Ochiuz, Lacramioara / Vasincu, Decebal / Vasilache, Ingrid-Andrada / Volovat, Constantin / Boboc, Diana / Poroch, Vladimir / Eva, Lucian / Agop, Maricel / Scripcariu, Dragos-Viorel / Volovat, Simona Ruxandra

Pharmaceutics

2023 Volume 15, Issue 12

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the behavior of chitosan/quaternized chitosan fibers in media mimicking wound exudates to understand their capacities as wound dressing. Fiber analysis of the fibers using dynamic vapor sorption proved their ability to ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to investigate the behavior of chitosan/quaternized chitosan fibers in media mimicking wound exudates to understand their capacities as wound dressing. Fiber analysis of the fibers using dynamic vapor sorption proved their ability to adsorb moisture up to 60% and then to desorb it as a function of humidity, indicating their outstanding breathability. Dissolution analyses showed that quaternized chitosan leached from the fibers in water and PBS, whereas only small portions of chitosan were solubilized in water. In media containing lysozyme, the fibers degraded with a rate determined by their composition and pH, reaching a mass loss of up to 47% in media of physiologic pH. Notably, in media mimicking the wound exudate during healing, they adsorbed moisture even when their mass loss due to biodegradation was high, whereas they were completely degraded in the media of normal tissues, indicating bioabsorbable dressing capacities. A mathematical model was constructed, which characterized the degradation rate and morphology changes of chitosan/quaternized chitosan fibers through analyses of dynamics in scale space, using the Theory of Scale Relativity. The model was validated using experimental data, making it possible to generalize it to the degradation of other biopolymeric systems that address wound healing.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527217-2
ISSN	1999-4923
ISSN	1999-4923
DOI	10.3390/pharmaceutics15122722
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Article ; Online: Theoretical and Experimental Aspects of Sodium Diclofenac Salt Release from Chitosan-Based Hydrogels and Possible Applications.

Himiniuc, Loredana Maria / Socolov, Razvan / Nica, Irina / Agop, Maricel / Volovat, Constantin / Ochiuz, Lacramioara / Vasincu, Decebal / Rotundu, Ana Maria / Rosu, Iulian Alin / Ghizdovat, Vlad / Volovat, Simona Ruxandra

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 9, Issue 5

Abstract: Two formulations based on diclofenac sodium salt encapsulated into a chitosan hydrogel were designed and prepared, and their drug release was investigated by combining in vitro results with mathematical modeling. To understand how the pattern of drug ... ...

Abstract	Two formulations based on diclofenac sodium salt encapsulated into a chitosan hydrogel were designed and prepared, and their drug release was investigated by combining in vitro results with mathematical modeling. To understand how the pattern of drug encapsulation impacted its release, the formulations were supramolecularly and morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy and polarized light microscopy, respectively. The mechanism of diclofenac release was assessed by using a mathematical model based on the multifractal theory of motion. Various drug-delivery mechanisms, such as Fickian- and non-Fickian-type diffusion, were shown to be fundamental mechanisms. More precisely, in a case of multifractal one-dimensional drug diffusion in a controlled-release polymer-drug system (i.e., in the form of a plane with a certain thickness), a solution that allowed the model's validation through the obtained experimental data was established. The present research reveals possible new perspectives, for example in the prevention of intrauterine adhesions occurring through endometrial inflammation and other pathologies with an inflammatory mechanism background, such as periodontal diseases, and also therapeutic potential beyond the anti-inflammatory action of diclofenac as an anticancer agent, with a role in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, using this type of drug-delivery system.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2813982-3
ISSN	2310-2861 ; 2310-2861
ISSN (online)	2310-2861
ISSN	2310-2861
DOI	10.3390/gels9050422
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Article: Predictors of the response to nivolumab immunotherapy in the second or subsequent lines for metastatic non-small cell lung cancers.

Săftescu, Sorin / Negru, Șerban / Volovăț, Simona / Popovici, Dorel / Chercota, Vlad / Stanca, Simona / Feier, Horea / Malita, Daniel / Dragomir, Radu / Volovăț, Constantin

Experimental and therapeutic medicine

2021 Volume 21, Issue 6, Page(s) 605

Abstract: Checkpoint inhibitors represent the first therapeutic class to replace chemotherapy lines for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), due to improved overall survival and tolerability. Nivolumab, a fully human anti-programmed cell ...

Abstract	Checkpoint inhibitors represent the first therapeutic class to replace chemotherapy lines for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), due to improved overall survival and tolerability. Nivolumab, a fully human anti-programmed cell death-1 immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody, is the first immune checkpoint inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2014 for cases of metastatic melanoma and in 2015 for cases of squamous cell lung cancer and kidney cell cancer. The present study aimed to identify predictive markers (favorable or unfavorable) for time to treatment discontinuation using nivolumab in the second or subsequent line of therapy of metastatic NSCLC cases. Analysis of a group of 78 NSCLC patients treated with nivolumab allowed the identification of negative predictive markers, related to the presence of metastases (adrenal in men under 65 years, liver, brain and the number of metastatic sites) and the hematological profile (neutrophilia at the initiation of treatment and lymphocyte variation at 6 weeks of treatment).
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-14
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2683844-8
ISSN	1792-1015 ; 1792-0981
ISSN (online)	1792-1015
ISSN	1792-0981
DOI	10.3892/etm.2021.10037
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