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Article ; Online: Awake tracheal intubation.

Vora, J / Leslie, D / Stacey, M

2022 Volume 22, Issue 8, Page(s) 298–305

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2888911-3
ISSN	2058-5357 ; 2058-5349
ISSN (online)	2058-5357
ISSN	2058-5349
DOI	10.1016/j.bjae.2022.03.006
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Article ; Online: Chitosan-dibenzylideneacetone based Schiff base: Evaluation of antimicrobial activity and in-vitro cytotoxicity on MCF-7 and L-132.

Limbachiya, Pruthviraj / Patel, Vipul / Rami, Gaurang / Vora, Jabali

International journal of biological macromolecules

2023 Volume 250, Page(s) 126268

Abstract: This study holds significant importance as it explores the synthesis and characterization of two chitosan dibenzylideneacetone Schiff bases. Various analytical techniques, such as UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, TGA, DSC, SEM, and elemental analysis, ...

Abstract	This study holds significant importance as it explores the synthesis and characterization of two chitosan dibenzylideneacetone Schiff bases. Various analytical techniques, such as UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, TGA, DSC, SEM, and elemental analysis, were employed to thoroughly examine these derivatives. The antimicrobial activity of the chitosan derivatives was evaluated against a range of bacterial and fungal strains, while cytotoxicity tests were conducted on MCF-7, L-132, and VERO cell lines. In the antimicrobial tests, the chitosan derivatives exhibited remarkable antibacterial properties against S. aureus, E. coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as potent antifungal properties against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. The cytotoxicity assessment revealed that the dibenzylideneacetone chitosan Schiff base (CHDBA) showed significant effectiveness against the L-132 cell line, surpassing the efficacy of doxorubicin by 2.44 times. Moreover, it exhibited substantial activity against the L-132 and MCF-7 cell lines, with IC
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Chitosan/pharmacology ; Chitosan/chemistry ; Schiff Bases/pharmacology ; Schiff Bases/chemistry ; MCF-7 Cells ; Escherichia coli ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Chitosan (9012-76-4) ; Schiff Bases ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126268
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Article ; Online: Reducing the bioburden on organic sanitary napkins and attempt to solve the sterility issue.

Suvagiya, Krunal / Mehta, Mansi / Shah, Gaurav / Vora, Jaydip

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023

Abstract: Sanitary napkins are technical textile products that women use to hygienically collect menstrual fluids when they are menstruating. Because sanitary napkins must simultaneously fulfil a number of end-use requirements, they have layered constructions. ... ...

Abstract	Sanitary napkins are technical textile products that women use to hygienically collect menstrual fluids when they are menstruating. Because sanitary napkins must simultaneously fulfil a number of end-use requirements, they have layered constructions. Through the Unnat Bharat Abhiyan, Surat, India, this study explores the eco-friendly (organic material) sanitary napkin production facility in the village of Bhatlai in the Gujarat province of India and identifies an issue. With eco-friendly organic sanitary products, bioburdens are a big problem. The Unnat Bharat Abhiyan accepts recommendations and improvements relating to sterility in a sanitary manufacturing unit after bioburden testing is conducted using various approaches outlined by Sanitary Napkins - Specification (IS 5405:2019). This study seeks to develop sanitary napkins that are sterilized and have no bioburden to replace SAPs (super absorbent polymer) with an ecologically friendly biopolymer that provides competent performance and characteristics to rural women of India living near or below poverty line.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-25
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-29459-9
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Article ; Online: Use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists among individuals on basal insulin requiring treatment intensification.

Trautmann, M E / Vora, J

Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association

2018 Volume 35, Issue 6, Page(s) 694–706

Abstract: As Type 2 diabetes progresses, treatment is intensified with additional therapies in an effort to manage hyperglycaemia effectively and therefore avoid complications. When greater efficacy is required, options for injectable treatments include glucagon- ... ...

Abstract	As Type 2 diabetes progresses, treatment is intensified with additional therapies in an effort to manage hyperglycaemia effectively and therefore avoid complications. When greater efficacy is required, options for injectable treatments include glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and insulin, which may be added on to oral glucose-lowering treatments. Among individuals receiving long-acting basal insulin as their first injectable treatment, ~40-60% are unable to achieve or maintain their target HbA
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Oral ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Glucagon/physiology ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/prevention & control ; Hypoglycemia/chemically induced ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Incretins/physiology ; Insulin Glargine/therapeutic use ; Insulin, Long-Acting/therapeutic use ; Peptides/therapeutic use ; Postprandial Period/physiology ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Incretins ; Insulin, Long-Acting ; Peptides ; Insulin Glargine (2ZM8CX04RZ) ; lixisenatide (74O62BB01U) ; Glucagon (9007-92-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	605769-x
ISSN	1464-5491 ; 0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
ISSN (online)	1464-5491
ISSN	0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
DOI	10.1111/dme.13610
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Book ; Online: Stochastic Approximation Algorithms for Principal Component Analysis

Vora, Jian

2019

Abstract: Principal Component Analysis is a novel way of of dimensionality reduction. This problem essentially boils down to finding the top k eigen vectors of the data covariance matrix. A considerable amount of literature is found on algorithms meant to do so ... ...

Abstract	Principal Component Analysis is a novel way of of dimensionality reduction. This problem essentially boils down to finding the top k eigen vectors of the data covariance matrix. A considerable amount of literature is found on algorithms meant to do so such as an online method be Warmuth and Kuzmin, Matrix Stochastic Gradient by Arora, Oja's method and many others. In this paper we see some of these stochastic approaches to the PCA optimization problem and comment on their convergence and runtime to obtain an epsilon sub-optimal solution. We revisit convex relaxation based methods for stochastic optimization of principal component analysis. While methods that directly solve the non convex problem have been shown to be optimal in terms of statistical and computational efficiency, the methods based on convex relaxation have been shown to enjoy comparable, or even superior, empirical performance. This motivates the need for a deeper formal understanding of the latter. Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Statistics - Machine Learning
Subject code	518
Publishing date	2019-01-07
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Bioactive phytocompound mulberroside C and endophytes of Morus alba as potential inhibitors of HIV-1 replication: a mechanistic evaluation.

Vora, J / Velhal, S / Sinha, S / Patel, V / Shrivastava, N

HIV medicine

2021 Volume 22, Issue 8, Page(s) 690–704

Abstract: Objectives: Despite considerable advancement in antiretroviral therapy, development of safe, effective, and multi-targeted drugs for HIV still remains a big challenge. Endophytes are untouched and, hence, an important and novel sources in drug discovery ...

Abstract	Objectives: Despite considerable advancement in antiretroviral therapy, development of safe, effective, and multi-targeted drugs for HIV still remains a big challenge. Endophytes are untouched and, hence, an important and novel sources in drug discovery endeavours. The present study was conducted to identify the anti-HIV compounds from Morus alba and endophytes isolated from it. Methods: The extracts of isolated endophytes were screened using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Further, all samples were analysed for their cytotoxicity using a thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assay. Subsequently, anti-HIV activity was performed using cell-based and cell-free assay. At the end, potential endophytes were identified using gene sequencing. Results: A total of 27 endophytes were isolated from the eight stem bark samples of M. alba. Of the 27 endophytes, extracts of total of four endophytes showed a profile similar to the M. alba plant when analysed by HPLC. Further experimentation with extracts of these four endophytes, along with an extract of M. alba stem bark and its bioactive molecule, mulberroside C, revealed that all these six samples have good inhibitory potential for HIV. Among them, mulberroside C and two endophytic fungal extracts showed very potent anti-HIV activity. Subsequently, mechanistic studies at the molecular level showed that out of six test samples, three acted as protease inhibitors. Further, all four potential endophytes were identified using gene sequencing. Conclusions: The overall findings of these studies can help in the development of a novel anti-HIV candidate from mulberroside C, an extract of stem bark of M. alba and extracts of these endophytes. However, further validation and clinical studies are required to develop an anti-HIV drug.
MeSH term(s)	Endophytes/chemistry ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV-1/drug effects ; HIV-1/physiology ; Humans ; Morus/chemistry ; Morus/microbiology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Virus Replication/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Plant Extracts
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2001932-4
ISSN	1468-1293 ; 1464-2662
ISSN (online)	1468-1293
ISSN	1464-2662
DOI	10.1111/hiv.13116
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Book ; Online: Scoring Black-Box Models for Adversarial Robustness

Vora, Jian / Samala, Pranay Reddy

2022

Abstract: Deep neural networks are susceptible to adversarial inputs and various methods have been proposed to defend these models against adversarial attacks under different perturbation models. The robustness of models to adversarial attacks has been analyzed by ...

Abstract	Deep neural networks are susceptible to adversarial inputs and various methods have been proposed to defend these models against adversarial attacks under different perturbation models. The robustness of models to adversarial attacks has been analyzed by first constructing adversarial inputs for the model, and then testing the model performance on the constructed adversarial inputs. Most of these attacks require the model to be white-box, need access to data labels, and finding adversarial inputs can be computationally expensive. We propose a simple scoring method for black-box models which indicates their robustness to adversarial input. We show that adversarially more robust models have a smaller $l_1$-norm of LIME weights and sharper explanations.
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Publishing date	2022-10-31
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Benchmarking Large Language Models As AI Research Agents

Huang, Qian / Vora, Jian / Liang, Percy / Leskovec, Jure

2023

Abstract: Scientific experimentation involves an iterative process of creating hypotheses, designing experiments, running experiments, and analyzing the results. Can we build AI research agents to perform these long-horizon tasks? To take a step towards building ... ...

Abstract	Scientific experimentation involves an iterative process of creating hypotheses, designing experiments, running experiments, and analyzing the results. Can we build AI research agents to perform these long-horizon tasks? To take a step towards building and evaluating research agents on such open-ended decision-making tasks, we focus on the problem of machine learning engineering: given a task description and a dataset, build a high-performing model. In this paper, we propose MLAgentBench, a suite of ML tasks for benchmarking AI research agents. Agents can perform actions like reading/writing files, executing code, and inspecting outputs. With these actions, agents could run experiments, analyze the results, and modify the code of entire machine learning pipelines, such as data processing, architecture, training processes, etc. The benchmark then automatically evaluates the agent's performance objectively over various metrics related to performance and efficiency. We also design an LLM-based research agent to automatically perform experimentation loops in such an environment. Empirically, we find that a GPT-4-based research agent can feasibly build compelling ML models over many tasks in MLAgentBench, displaying highly interpretable plans and actions. However, the success rates vary considerably; they span from almost 90\% on well-established older datasets to as low as 10\% on recent Kaggle Challenges -- unavailable during the LLM model's pretraining -- and even 0\% on newer research challenges like BabyLM. Finally, we identify several key challenges for LLM-based research agents such as long-term planning and hallucination. Our code is released at https://github.com/snap-stanford/MLAgentBench.
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-10-05
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article: Experimental Investigations of Using Aluminum Oxide (Al

Chaudhari, Rakesh / Khanna, Sakshum / Patel, Vivek K / Vora, Jay / Plaza, Soraya / Lacalle, Luis Norberto López de

Micromachines

2023 Volume 14, Issue 12

Abstract: In the present study, a comprehensive parametric analysis was carried out using the electrical discharge machining of Ti6Al4V, using pulse-on time, current, and pulse-off time as input factors with output measures of surface roughness and material ... ...

Abstract	In the present study, a comprehensive parametric analysis was carried out using the electrical discharge machining of Ti6Al4V, using pulse-on time, current, and pulse-off time as input factors with output measures of surface roughness and material removal rate. The present study also used two different nanopowders, namely alumina and nano-graphene, to analyze their effect on output measures and surface defects. All the experimental runs were performed using Taguchi's array at three levels. Analysis of variance was employed to study the statistical significance. Empirical relations were generated through Minitab. The regression model term was observed to be significant for both the output responses, which suggested that the generated regressions were adequate. Among the input factors, pulse-off time and current were found to have a vital role in the change in material removal rate, while pulse-on time was observed as a vital input parameter. For surface quality, pulse-on time and pulse-off time were recognized to be influential parameters, while current was observed to be an insignificant factor. Teaching-learning-based optimization was used for the optimization of output responses. The influence of alumina and nano-graphene powder was investigated at optimal process parameters. The machining performance was significantly improved by using both powder-mixed electrical discharge machining as compared to the conventional method. Due to the higher conductivity of nano-graphene powder, it showed a larger improvement as compared to alumina powder. Lastly, scanning electron microscopy was operated to investigate the impact of alumina and graphene powder on surface morphology. The machined surface obtained for the conventional process depicted more surface defects than the powder-mixed process, which is key in aeronautical applications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2620864-7
ISSN	2072-666X
ISSN	2072-666X
DOI	10.3390/mi14122247
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Article: Fabrication of Multi-Walled Structure through Parametric Study of Bead Geometries of GMAW-Based WAAM Process of SS309L.

Vora, Jay / Pandey, Rudram / Dodiya, Pratik / Patel, Vivek / Khanna, Sakshum / Vaghasia, Vatsal / Chaudhari, Rakesh

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 16, Issue 14

Abstract: In the present study, an attempt is made to investigate and optimize the bead geometries of bead width (BW) and bead height (BH) of SS-309L using an SS316L substrate by employing a gas metal arc welding (GMAW)-based wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) ...

Abstract	In the present study, an attempt is made to investigate and optimize the bead geometries of bead width (BW) and bead height (BH) of SS-309L using an SS316L substrate by employing a gas metal arc welding (GMAW)-based wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process. The Box-Behnken design approach was used to conduct the trials of single-layer depositions with input variables of travel speed (TS), voltage (V), and gas mixture ratio (GMR). The developed multi-variable regression models were tested for feasibility using ANOVA and residual plots. The data obtained indicated that V had the most significant impact on BW, followed by TS and GMR. For BH, TS had the most significant impact, followed by GMR and V. The results of single-response optimization using a passing vehicle search (PVS) algorithm showed a maximum BH of 9.48 mm and a minimum BW of 5.90 mm. To tackle the contradictory situation, a multi-objective PVS algorithm was employed, which produced non-dominated solutions. A multi-layered structure was successfully fabricated at the optimal parametric settings of TS at 20 mm/s, of voltage at 22 V, and of GMR at 3. For multi-layer structures, fusion among the layers was observed to be good, and they were found to be free from the disbonding of layers. This revealed the suitability of the PVS algorithm for generating suitable optimal WAAM variables. We consider the current work highly beneficial for users fabricating multi-layer structures.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma16145147
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