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Article ; Online: Single-Phase Precursors for the Preparation of Spinel Ferrites via Oxalate Route: the Study of Cobalt Ferrite Synthesis.

Lisníková, Soňa / Kopp, Josef / Vrba, Vlastimil / Novák, Petr

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

2022 Volume 28, Issue 34, Page(s) e202104331

Abstract: This work explores the benefits of single-phase oxalate precursors for the preparation of spinel ferrites by thermal decomposition. A direct comparison between the genuine oxalate solid solution and the physical mixture of simple oxalates is presented ... ...

Abstract	This work explores the benefits of single-phase oxalate precursors for the preparation of spinel ferrites by thermal decomposition. A direct comparison between the genuine oxalate solid solution and the physical mixture of simple oxalates is presented using the case study of cobalt ferrite preparation. The mixing of metal cations within a single oxalate structure could be verified prior to its thermal decomposition by several non-destructive experimental techniques, namely Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. In situ XRD experiments were conducted to compare the decomposition processes of the solid solution and the physical mixture. Additionally, the decomposition products of the FeCo oxalate solid solution were studied ex situ by means of N
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-11
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1478547-X
ISSN	1521-3765 ; 0947-6539
ISSN (online)	1521-3765
ISSN	0947-6539
DOI	10.1002/chem.202104331
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Article ; Online: Formation of Cobalt Ferrites Investigated by Transmission and Emission MĂ¶ssbauer Spectroscopy.

Prochazka, Vit / Burvalova, Anezka / Vrba, Vlastimil / Kopp, Josef / Novak, Petr

Acta chimica Slovenica

2021 Volume 67, Issue 2, Page(s) 522–529

Abstract: This study focuses on cobalt and iron ordering within a ferrite structure CoxFe3-xO4, formed during a solid-state reaction of ?-Fe2O3 and CoCl2. A unique combination of transmission and emission Mössbauer spectroscopy was employed to inspect selectively ... ...

Abstract	This study focuses on cobalt and iron ordering within a ferrite structure CoxFe3-xO4, formed during a solid-state reaction of ?-Fe2O3 and CoCl2. A unique combination of transmission and emission Mössbauer spectroscopy was employed to inspect selectively the positions of iron and cobalt atoms in the structure. The comparison of transmission and emission spectra allowed the determination of tetrahedral and octahedral positions occupation. The presented method of combining the two Mössbauer spectroscopy techniques is suitable for any compounds containing both iron and cobalt atoms. Additional information concerning the samples composition and morphology were obtained by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. An increased level of Co atoms incorporation into the structure of ferrite was revealed when higher amounts of Co entered the reaction.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-14
Publishing country	Slovenia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2029709-9
ISSN	1580-3155 ; 1318-0207
ISSN (online)	1580-3155
ISSN	1318-0207
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Article: Microwave-Enhanced Crystalline Properties of Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles.

Ochmann, Martin / Vrba, Vlastimil / Kopp, Josef / Ingr, Tomáš / Malina, Ondřej / Machala, Libor

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 12, Issue 17

Abstract: Two series of ... ...

Abstract	Two series of ZnFe
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662255-5
ISSN	2079-4991
ISSN	2079-4991
DOI	10.3390/nano12172987
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Article ; Online: Identification of spatial magnetic inhomogeneities by nuclear forward scattering of synchrotron radiation.

Vrba, Vlastimil / Procházka, Vít / Miglierini, Marcel

Journal of synchrotron radiation

2019 Volume 26, Issue Pt 4, Page(s) 1310–1315

Abstract: Spatially confined magnetic inhomogeneities were revealed by measuring nuclear forward scattering time spectra on the same sample in two different geometric arrangements. They differ by 180° rotation of the sample around one of the polarization axes. A ... ...

Abstract	Spatially confined magnetic inhomogeneities were revealed by measuring nuclear forward scattering time spectra on the same sample in two different geometric arrangements. They differ by 180° rotation of the sample around one of the polarization axes. A basic theoretical description of this phenomenon and its relation to a spatial distribution of nuclei featuring different magnetic moments is provided. From an experimental point of view, the violation of rotational invariance was observed for an inhomogeneous Fe
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2021413-3
ISSN	1600-5775 ; 0909-0495
ISSN (online)	1600-5775
ISSN	0909-0495
DOI	10.1107/S1600577519005344
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Article ; Online: Host specificity of turkey and chicken Eimeria: controlled cross-transmission studies and a phylogenetic view.

Vrba, Vladimir / Pakandl, Michal

Veterinary parasitology

2015 Volume 208, Issue 3-4, Page(s) 118–124

Abstract: Protozoan parasites of the Eimeria genus have undergone extensive speciation and are now represented by a myriad of species that are specialised to different hosts. These species are highly host-specific and usually parasitise single host species, with ... ...

Abstract	Protozoan parasites of the Eimeria genus have undergone extensive speciation and are now represented by a myriad of species that are specialised to different hosts. These species are highly host-specific and usually parasitise single host species, with only few reported exceptions. Doubts regarding the strict host specificity were frequent in the original literature describing coccidia parasitising domestic turkeys. The availability of pure characterised lines of turkey and chicken Eimeria species along with the recently developed quantitative PCR identification of these species allowed to investigate the issue of host specificity using well-controlled cross-transmission experiments. Seven species of gallinaceous birds (Gallus gallus, Meleagris gallopavo, Alectoris rufa, Perdix perdix, Phasianus colchicus, Numida meleagris and Colinus virginianus) were inoculated with six species and strains of turkey Eimeria and six species of chicken coccidia and production of oocysts was monitored. Turkey Eimeria species E. dispersa, E. innocua and E. meleagridis could complete their development in the hosts from different genera or even different families. Comparison of phylogenetic positions of these Eimeria species according to 18S rDNA and COI showed that the phylogeny cannot explain the observed patterns of host specificity. These findings suggest that the adaptation of Eimeria parasites to foreign hosts is possible and might play a significant role in the evolution and diversification of this genus.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Coccidiosis/parasitology ; Coccidiosis/veterinary ; Eimeria/classification ; Eimeria/physiology ; Galliformes ; Host Specificity ; Phylogeny ; Poultry Diseases/parasitology
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-03-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	196831-2
ISSN	1873-2550 ; 0304-4017
ISSN (online)	1873-2550
ISSN	0304-4017
DOI	10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.01.017
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Article: On the Formation of Nanocrystalline Grains in Metallic Glasses by Means of In-Situ Nuclear Forward Scattering of Synchrotron Radiation.

Smrčka, David / Procházka, Vít / Vrba, Vlastimil / Miglierini, Marcel B

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

2019 Volume 9, Issue 4

Abstract: Application of the so-called nuclear forward scattering (NFS) of synchrotron radiation is presented for the study of crystallization of metallic glasses. In this process, nanocrystalline alloys are formed. Using NFS, the transformation process can be ... ...

Abstract	Application of the so-called nuclear forward scattering (NFS) of synchrotron radiation is presented for the study of crystallization of metallic glasses. In this process, nanocrystalline alloys are formed. Using NFS, the transformation process can be directly observed during in-situ temperature experiments not only from the structural point of view, i.e., formation of nanocrystalline grains, but one can also observe evolution of the corresponding hyperfine interactions. In doing so, we have revealed the influence of external magnetic field on the crystallization process. The applied magnetic field is not only responsible for an increase of hyperfine magnetic fields within the newly formed nanograins but also the corresponding components in the NFS time spectra are better identified via occurrence of quantum beats with higher frequencies. In order to distinguish between these two effects, simulated and experimental NFS time spectra obtained during in-situ temperature measurements with and without external magnetic field are compared.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662255-5
ISSN	2079-4991
ISSN	2079-4991
DOI	10.3390/nano9040544
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Article ; Online: Coccidia of turkey: from isolation, characterisation and comparison to molecular phylogeny and molecular diagnostics.

Vrba, Vladimir / Pakandl, Michal

International journal for parasitology

2014 Volume 44, Issue 13, Page(s) 985–1000

Abstract: Coccidiosis is a disease caused by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Eimeria, which has a significant economic impact on poultry production. Multiple species infecting the turkey have been described; however, due to the general lack of unambiguous ... ...

Abstract	Coccidiosis is a disease caused by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Eimeria, which has a significant economic impact on poultry production. Multiple species infecting the turkey have been described; however, due to the general lack of unambiguous description, their identification and taxonomy is debatable. In this work, a systematic approach was taken to isolate, characterise and compare coccidian species in the turkey. Individual species were tracked according to their unique 18S ribosomal DNA sequence. The single-oocyst isolation technique and passaging of mixed species field isolates in selectively immunised birds enabled the derivation of pure species. Six distinct strains representing five eimerian species that infect the turkey were obtained. It appears highly probable that these species represent all species described in the past with the exception of Eimeria subrotunda. The species were analysed using both traditional methods and DNA sequencing. For each strain the oocyst morphology, prepatent period, gross pathology, pathogenicity, host specificity and endogenous cycle were studied. Antigenic similarity was investigated in multiple cross-immunity experiments. For identification and quantification of each individual species or strain, quantitative real-time PCR markers were also developed. Parallel characterisation of pure strains allowed comprehensive comparison with the original descriptions and assignment of correct species names. The species Eimeria meleagridis, Eimeria dispersa, Eimeria gallopavonis, Eimeria meleagrimitis and Eimeria innocua were identified. Comparison of our data with those of previous studies indicates that Eimeria adenoeides is most probably a synonym for either E. meleagridis or E. gallopavonis, or a description based on a mixture of these species, and thus nomen dubium. The species E. dispersa and E. innocua were also found to infect Bobwhite Quail. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on 18S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) sequences showed that these two species form a distinct clade unrelated to other turkey coccidia and point to a polyphyletic origin of the species infecting the turkey.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Coccidia/genetics ; Coccidia/isolation & purification ; Coccidia/parasitology ; Coccidiosis/diagnosis ; Coccidiosis/parasitology ; Coccidiosis/veterinary ; DNA, Protozoan/analysis ; Eimeria/classification ; Eimeria/cytology ; Eimeria/isolation & purification ; Eimeria/physiology ; Host Specificity ; Oocysts ; Phylogeny ; Poultry Diseases/parasitology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Turkeys/parasitology
Chemical Substances	DNA, Protozoan ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120518-3
ISSN	1879-0135 ; 0020-7519
ISSN (online)	1879-0135
ISSN	0020-7519
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.06.004
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Article: Coccidia of turkey: from isolation, characterisation and comparison to molecular phylogeny and molecular diagnostics

Vrba, Vladimir / Michal Pakandl

International journal for parasitology. 2014 Nov., v. 44, no. 13

2014

Abstract	Coccidiosis is a disease caused by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Eimeria, which has a significant economic impact on poultry production. Multiple species infecting the turkey have been described; however, due to the general lack of unambiguous description, their identification and taxonomy is debatable. In this work, a systematic approach was taken to isolate, characterise and compare coccidian species in the turkey. Individual species were tracked according to their unique 18S ribosomal DNA sequence. The single-oocyst isolation technique and passaging of mixed species field isolates in selectively immunised birds enabled the derivation of pure species. Six distinct strains representing five eimerian species that infect the turkey were obtained. It appears highly probable that these species represent all species described in the past with the exception of Eimeria subrotunda. The species were analysed using both traditional methods and DNA sequencing. For each strain the oocyst morphology, prepatent period, gross pathology, pathogenicity, host specificity and endogenous cycle were studied. Antigenic similarity was investigated in multiple cross-immunity experiments. For identification and quantification of each individual species or strain, quantitative real-time PCR markers were also developed. Parallel characterisation of pure strains allowed comprehensive comparison with the original descriptions and assignment of correct species names. The species Eimeria meleagridis, Eimeria dispersa, Eimeria gallopavonis, Eimeria meleagrimitis and Eimeria innocua were identified. Comparison of our data with those of previous studies indicates that Eimeria adenoeides is most probably a synonym for either E. meleagridis or E. gallopavonis, or a description based on a mixture of these species, and thus nomen dubium. The species E. dispersa and E. innocua were also found to infect Bobwhite Quail. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on 18S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) sequences showed that these two species form a distinct clade unrelated to other turkey coccidia and point to a polyphyletic origin of the species infecting the turkey.
Keywords	birds ; coccidiosis ; Colinus virginianus ; cross immunity ; cytochrome-c oxidase ; diagnostic techniques ; economic impact ; Eimeria adenoeides ; Eimeria gallopavonis ; Eimeria meleagrimitis ; genes ; host specificity ; isolation techniques ; nucleotide sequences ; oocysts ; pathogenicity ; polyphyly ; poultry production ; prepatent period ; quantitative polymerase chain reaction ; ribosomal DNA ; sequence analysis ; taxonomy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-11
Size	p. 985-1000.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	120518-3
ISSN	1879-0135 ; 0020-7519
ISSN (online)	1879-0135
ISSN	0020-7519
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.06.004
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Genetic and biological characterisation of three cryptic Eimeria operational taxonomic units that infect chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus).

Blake, Damer P / Vrba, Vladimir / Xia, Dong / Jatau, Isa Danladi / Spiro, Simon / Nolan, Matthew J / Underwood, Greg / Tomley, Fiona M

International journal for parasitology

2021 Volume 51, Issue 8, Page(s) 621–634

Abstract: More than 68 billion chickens were produced globally in 2018, emphasising their major contribution to the production of protein for human consumption and the importance of their pathogens. Protozoan Eimeria spp. are the most economically significant ... ...

Abstract	More than 68 billion chickens were produced globally in 2018, emphasising their major contribution to the production of protein for human consumption and the importance of their pathogens. Protozoan Eimeria spp. are the most economically significant parasites of chickens, incurring global costs of more than UK £10.4 billion per annum. Seven Eimeria spp. have long been recognised to infect chickens, with three additional cryptic operational taxonomic units (OTUs) first described more than 10 years ago. As the world's farmers attempt to reduce reliance on routine use of antimicrobials in livestock production, replacing drugs that target a wide range of microbes with precise species- and sometimes strain-specific vaccines, the breakthrough of cryptic genetic types can pose serious problems. Consideration of biological characteristics including oocyst morphology, pathology caused during infection and pre-patent periods, combined with gene-coding sequences predicted from draft genome sequence assemblies, suggest that all three of these cryptic Eimeria OTUs possess sufficient genetic and biological diversity to be considered as new and distinct species. The ability of these OTUs to compromise chicken bodyweight gain and escape immunity induced by current commercially available anticoccidial vaccines indicates that they could pose a notable threat to chicken health, welfare, and productivity. We suggest the names Eimeria lata n. sp., Eimeria nagambie n. sp. and Eimeria zaria n. sp. for OTUs x, y and z, respectively, reflecting their appearance (x) or the origins of the first isolates of these novel species (y, z).
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chickens ; Coccidiosis/prevention & control ; Coccidiosis/veterinary ; Eimeria/genetics ; Humans ; Nigeria ; Poultry Diseases/prevention & control ; Protozoan Vaccines
Chemical Substances	Protozoan Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120518-3
ISSN	1879-0135 ; 0020-7519
ISSN (online)	1879-0135
ISSN	0020-7519
DOI	10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.12.004
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Article ; Online: The use of Pantherpix pixel detector in radiotherapy QA.

Dudas, Denis / Semmler, Milan / Průša, Petr / Neue, Gordon / Koniarova, Irena / Peterkova, Katerina / Gallus, Petr / Koncek, Ondrej / Vrba, Vaclav

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)

2021 Volume 82, Page(s) 332–340

Abstract: There are various different detectors, which can be used for radiotherapy measurements, and more are about to be adopted. Hybrid pixel detectors (HPD) have been originally developed for the high energy physics. However, over the last few years they also ... ...

Abstract	There are various different detectors, which can be used for radiotherapy measurements, and more are about to be adopted. Hybrid pixel detectors (HPD) have been originally developed for the high energy physics. However, over the last few years they also expanded in the medical physics. Novel 2D detector Pantherpix is a HPD designed specifically for the radiotherapy. In this article, its properties are characterised and an assessment of its use in radiotherapy photon beams is provided. Properties such as response stability, response linearity, angular dependence and energy dependence were studied. In order to prove sufficient clinical quality for relative dosimetry, further measurements were undertaken (i.e. dose profiles and collimator scatter factors). Acquired results were compared with ion chamber and gafchromic film results. Namely the applicability of PhPix for cobalt beam therapy, which is still widely used (and will be used in near future) in economically less developed countries, is considered.
MeSH term(s)	Radiometry ; Radiotherapy Dosage
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-13
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1122650-x
ISSN	1724-191X ; 1120-1797
ISSN (online)	1724-191X
ISSN	1120-1797
DOI	10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.01.072
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