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Conference proceedings ; Online: The impact of dynamical downscaling in different pollutant transport scenarios

Poulidis, A. / Meyer, S. / Schlager, H. / Vrekoussis, M.

XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)

2023

Abstract: Pollutant transport modelling is widely used to study and forecast pollution events. Regional scale models are often employed to produce high-resolution datasets to drive transport modelling; however, this requires expertise, resources, and time. As such, ...

Abstract	Pollutant transport modelling is widely used to study and forecast pollution events. Regional scale models are often employed to produce high-resolution datasets to drive transport modelling; however, this requires expertise, resources, and time. As such, the benefits of downscaling under different transport scenarios need to be explored. Here, the added value of downscaling was tested in the aftermath of the “Effect of Megacities on the transport and transformation of pollutants on the regional to global scales” (EMeRGe) project. During the project, transport forecasts were carried out after controlled releases of perfluoroalkylcycloalkanes (PFCs) to identify sampling areas for aircraft observations using IFS forecast data for 3 cases over different orographic settings: short-distance transport over small-scale topographic maxima (Manilla; Philippines), short-distance transport over large-scale topographic maxima (Taipei, Taiwan) and long-distance transport over mixed topography (Nanjing, China, sampled over Taiwan). Considering the expected PFC mixing ratios of ppqV, it is important to explore whether the best possible areas were chosen. To do this, transport simulations were repeated using: FLEXPART (with ERA5 and IFS data), and FLEXPART-WRF (with dynamically-downscaled IFS data down to 1.1km and 4 PBL parametrisations. Of the three scenarios, dynamical downscaling led to significant differences for the Manilla and Taipei cases, caused by the representation of the orographic flow regimes. The choice of PBL scheme also significantly impacted accuracy, but there was no systematically better-performing option. Overall, results highlight the role that dynamical downscaling can play as an important component in campaign planning when dealing with observations over orographically-complex areas.
Subject code	380
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-11
Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Conference proceedings ; Online: An unsupervised machine learning-based methodology to study the seasonal dispersal pathways of short-lived pollutants from Major Population Centers

Poulidis, A. / Daskalakis, N. / Kanakidou, M. / Vrekoussis, M.

XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)

2023

Abstract: The rapid increase in human population since 1900 has occurred along with a rapid increase in urbanization - the process of migration from rural into urban areas. The fossil fuel combustion-based emissions affecting areas with high population densities ... ...

Abstract	The rapid increase in human population since 1900 has occurred along with a rapid increase in urbanization - the process of migration from rural into urban areas. The fossil fuel combustion-based emissions affecting areas with high population densities induce a significant health risk for local populations. Protection of human health requires better knowledge of local and regional impacts of urban pollution dispersal. This study addresses the issue of short-lived pollutant transport (e.g. NOx) by constructing a methodology to study the seasonality of common dispersal pathways from Major Population Centers (MPCs); initially applied to 5 MPCs in south America during 2018. For each city, ERA5 reanalysis data were used to drive the FLEXPART emission transport model to simulate the dispersal of near-surface emissions. Simulations are performed for a total of 8 hours from release in the early morning and in the evening, to capture the effects of commuting. A total of 100,000 trajectories per release time per city were analyzed to create representative average trajectories. The k-means clustering algorithm was then applied to categorize the emissions per MPC. Clustering for each MPC led to a robust grouping of trajectories that were seen to reflect climatological and topographic phenomena during the simulation period and exhibit strong seasonality. This finding supports potential applicability of the proposed methodology for a global analysis of MPC emissions.
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-11
Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Conference proceedings ; Online: A multi-model study on the impacts of continuous volcanic activity on air quality in the surrounding communities

Poulidis, A. / Takishita, K. / Iguchi, M. / Vrekoussis, M.

XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)

2023

Abstract: Chemistry modelling can be employed to study regional air quality and inform mitigation strategies. To accurately represent air quality, realistic emission data for all natural and anthropogenic sources need to be supplied. Volcanic emissions represent a ...

Abstract	Chemistry modelling can be employed to study regional air quality and inform mitigation strategies. To accurately represent air quality, realistic emission data for all natural and anthropogenic sources need to be supplied. Volcanic emissions represent a significant challenge, due to their unpredictable nature. As a result, only a small number of volcanoes are included in emission datasets, focusing only SO 2 , despite the potential release of micron-scale volcanic ash that can affect particulate matter (PM) concentrations. These emissions can be especially important in the case of volcanoes with long periods of passive emissions and intermittent eruptions, as in the case of Sakurajima volcano in southern Japan. Due to its high level of activity since 1955 and the large nearby population, Sakurajima is one of the most closely-monitored volcanoes in the world. The permanent deployment of equipment such as tiltmeters and tephra collectors has allowed for the accurate estimation of volcanic ash emissions, giving us the unique opportunity to provide realistic input data for air quality modelling. Emissions were simulated using two models: WRF-chem, a chemistry model, and FALL3D a volcanic emission transport model. Simulations are carried out for 2019, covering anthropogenic, biomass burning and non-volcanogenic natural emissions (WRF-chem) and volcanic emissions (FALL3D), with results validated against daily surface observations of airborne concentrations (PM and SO 2 ) and monthly ashfall values within the Kagoshima prefecture. Overall, results provide the first direct comparison of the ratio between volcanogenic and non-volcanogenic emissions and confirm the importance of the former.
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-11
Publishing country	de
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Local and regional air pollution characteristics in Cyprus: A long-term trace gases observations analysis.

Vrekoussis, M / Pikridas, M / Rousogenous, C / Christodoulou, A / Desservettaz, M / Sciare, J / Richter, A / Bougoudis, I / Savvides, C / Papadopoulos, C

The Science of the total environment

2022 Volume 845, Page(s) 157315

Abstract: Observations of key gaseous trace pollutants, namely NO, ... ...

Abstract	Observations of key gaseous trace pollutants, namely NO, NO
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Cyprus ; Environmental Monitoring ; Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis ; Ozone/analysis
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Ozone (66H7ZZK23N) ; Nitrogen Dioxide (S7G510RUBH)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157315
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Article: Local and regional air pollution characteristics in Cyprus: A long-term trace gases observations analysis

Vrekoussis, M. / Pikridas, M. / Rousogenous, C. / Christodoulou, A. / Desservettaz, M. / Sciare, J. / Richter, A. / Bougoudis, I. / Savvides, C. / Papadopoulos, C.

Science of the total environment. 2022 Nov. 01, v. 845

2022

Abstract: Observations of key gaseous trace pollutants, namely NO, NOy, CO, SO₂ and O₃, performed at several curb, residential, industrial, background and free-troposphere sites were analyzed to assess the temporal and spatial variability of pollution in Cyprus. ... ...

Abstract	Observations of key gaseous trace pollutants, namely NO, NOy, CO, SO₂ and O₃, performed at several curb, residential, industrial, background and free-troposphere sites were analyzed to assess the temporal and spatial variability of pollution in Cyprus. Notably, the analysis utilized one of the longest datasets of 17 years of measurements (2003–2019) in the East Mediterranean and the Middle East (EMME). This region is considered a regional hotspot of ozone and aerosol pollution. A trend analysis revealed that at several stations, a statistically significant decrease in primary pollutant concentration is recorded, most likely due to pollution control strategies. In contrast, at four stations, a statistically significant increase in ozone levels, ranging between 0.36 ppbᵥ y⁻¹ and 0.82 ppbᵥ y⁻¹, has been observed, attributed to the above strategies targeting the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) but not that of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). The NO and NOy, and CO levels at the Agia Marina regional background station were two orders of magnitude and four times lower, respectively, than the ones of the urban centers. The latter denotes that local emissions are not negligible and control a large fraction of the observed interannual and diurnal variability. Speciation analysis showed that traffic and other local emissions are the sources of urban NO and NOy. At the same time, 46 % of SO₂ and 40 % of CO, on average, originate from long-range regional transport. Lastly, a one-year analysis of tropospheric NO₂ vertical columns from the TROPOMI satellite instrument revealed a west-east low-to-high gradient over the island, with all major hotspots, including cities and powerplants, being visible from space. With the help of an unsupervised machine learning approach, it was found that these specific hotspots contribute overall around 10 % to the total NO₂ tropospheric columns.
Keywords	Cyprus ; aerosols ; air pollution ; data collection ; diurnal variation ; environment ; nitrogen ; ozone ; pollution control ; primary pollutants ; satellites ; traffic ; troposphere ; volatile organic compounds ; Middle East
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1101
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157315
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Is atmospheric oxidation capacity better in indicating tropospheric O

Wang, Peng / Zhu, Shengqiang / Vrekoussis, Mihalis / Brasseur, Guy P / Wang, Shuxiao / Zhang, Hongliang

Frontiers of environmental science & engineering

2022 Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) 65

Abstract: Tropospheric ozone ( ... ...

Abstract	Tropospheric ozone (O
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-20
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662203-8
ISSN	2095-221X ; 2095-2201
ISSN (online)	2095-221X
ISSN	2095-2201
DOI	10.1007/s11783-022-1544-5
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Article ; Online: Reconciling a national methane emission inventory with in-situ measurements.

Liu, Yunsong / Paris, Jean-Daniel / Vrekoussis, Mihalis / Quéhé, Pierre-Yves / Desservettaz, Maximilien / Kushta, Jonilda / Dubart, Florence / Demetriou, Demetris / Bousquet, Philippe / Sciare, Jean

The Science of the total environment

2023 Volume 901, Page(s) 165896

Abstract: Reconciling top-down and bottom-up country-level greenhouse gas emission estimates remains a key challenge in the MRV (Monitoring, Reporting, Verification) paradigm. Here we propose to independently quantify cumulative emissions from a significant number ...

Abstract	Reconciling top-down and bottom-up country-level greenhouse gas emission estimates remains a key challenge in the MRV (Monitoring, Reporting, Verification) paradigm. Here we propose to independently quantify cumulative emissions from a significant number of methane (CH
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165896
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Article ; Online: Submicron aerosol pollution in Greater Cairo (Egypt): A new type of urban haze?

Environment international

2024 Volume 186, Page(s) 108610

Abstract: Greater Cairo, the largest megacity of the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region, is currently suffering from major aerosol pollution, posing a significant threat to public health. However, the main sources of pollution remain insufficiently ... ...

Abstract	Greater Cairo, the largest megacity of the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region, is currently suffering from major aerosol pollution, posing a significant threat to public health. However, the main sources of pollution remain insufficiently characterized due to limited atmospheric observations. To bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted a continuous 2-month field study during the winter of 2019-2020 at an urban background site, documenting for the first time the chemical and physical properties of submicron (PM
MeSH term(s)	Aerosols/analysis ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring ; Egypt ; Air Pollution/statistics & numerical data ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Cities ; Dust/analysis ; Particle Size
Chemical Substances	Aerosols ; Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter ; Dust
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2024.108610
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Book ; Online: Impact of biomass burning and stratospheric intrusions in the remote South Pacific Ocean troposphere

Daskalakis, Nikos / Gallardo, Laura / Kanakidou, Maria / Nüß, Johann Rasmus / Menares, Camilo / Rondanelli, Roberto / Thompson, Anne M. / Vrekoussis, Mihalis

eISSN: 1680-7324

2022

Abstract: The ozone mixing ratio spatiotemporal variability in the pristine South Pacific Ocean is studied, for the first time, using 21-year-long ozone ( O 3 ) records from the entire southern tropical and subtropical Pacific between 1994 and 2014. The analysis ... ...

Abstract	The ozone mixing ratio spatiotemporal variability in the pristine South Pacific Ocean is studied, for the first time, using 21-year-long ozone ( O 3 ) records from the entire southern tropical and subtropical Pacific between 1994 and 2014. The analysis considered regional O 3 vertical observations from ozonesondes, surface carbon monoxide (CO) observations from flasks, and three-dimensional chemistry-transport model simulations of the global troposphere. Two 21-year-long numerical simulations, with and without biomass burning emissions, were performed to disentangle the importance of biomass burning relative to stratospheric intrusions for ambient ozone levels in the region. Tagged tracers of O 3 from the stratosphere and CO from various biomass burning regions have been used to track the impact of these different regions on the southern tropical Pacific O 3 and CO levels. Patterns have been analyzed based on atmospheric dynamics variability. Considering the interannual variability in the observations, the model can capture the observed ozone gradients in the troposphere with a positive bias of 7.5 % in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) as well as near the surface. Remarkably, even the most pristine region of the global ocean is affected by distant biomass burning emissions by convective outflow through the mid and high troposphere and subsequent subsidence over the pristine oceanic region. Therefore, the biomass burning contribution to tropospheric CO levels maximizes in the UTLS. The Southeast Asian open fires have been identified as the major contributing source to CO from biomass burning in the tropical South Pacific, contributing on average for the study period about 8.5 and 13 ppbv of CO at Rapa Nui and Samoa, respectively, at an altitude of around 12 km during the burning season in the spring of the Southern Hemisphere. South America is the second-most important biomass burning source region that influences the study area. Its impact maximizes in the lower troposphere (6.5 ppbv for Rapa Nui and 3.8 ppbv for Samoa). All biomass burning sources contribute about 15–23 ppbv of CO at Rapa Nui and Samoa and account for about 25 % of the total CO in the entire troposphere of the tropical and subtropical South Pacific. This impact is also seen on tropospheric O 3 , to which biomass burning O 3 precursor emissions contribute only a few ppbv during the burning period, while the stratosphere–troposphere exchange is the most important source of O 3 for the mid troposphere of the South Pacific Ocean, contributing about 15–20 ppbv in the subtropics.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-29
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Data and scripts for manuscript "Efficacy of high-resolution satellite observations in inverse modeling of carbon monoxide emissions"

Nüß, Johann Rasmus / Daskalakis, Nikos / Piwowarczyk, Fabian Günther / Gkouvousis, Angelos / Schneising, Oliver / Buchwitz, Michael / Kanakidou, Maria / Krol, Maarten C. / Vrekoussis, Mihalis

2022

Abstract: Collection of analysis and plotting scripts and model in- and output needed to reproduce the simulations, figures and analysis for the manuscript "Efficacy of high-resolution satellite observations in inverse modeling of carbon monoxide emissions" ... ...

Abstract	Collection of analysis and plotting scripts and model in- and output needed to reproduce the simulations, figures and analysis for the manuscript "Efficacy of high-resolution satellite observations in inverse modeling of carbon monoxide emissions" authored by Nüß et al. See the included README for more information on what each file includes.
Keywords	Life Science
Publisher	University of Bremen
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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