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Article ; Online: Natural sciences and chess

Vuk Uskoković

Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 4, Pp e15015- (2023)

A romantic relationship missing from higher education curricula

2023

Abstract: Chess is a game that delicately weaves analytical thinking around artistic experience, yet recent conversions of STEM (Science-Technology-Engineering-Mathematics) to STEAM (Science-Technology-Engineering-Art-Mathematics) have omitted adding chess as an ... ...

Abstract	Chess is a game that delicately weaves analytical thinking around artistic experience, yet recent conversions of STEM (Science-Technology-Engineering-Mathematics) to STEAM (Science-Technology-Engineering-Art-Mathematics) have omitted adding chess as an elementary coursework to K-12 and higher education curricula. Chess, as per arguments presented in this essay, can be considered as a language and a tool for furthering the development of artistic skills among scientists and analytical, pattern-recognition skills among artists. It can also serve as a missing link between science and art in STEAM curricula thanks to its finding itself halfway between the two. A handful of analogies are drawn here from chess, illustrated sporadically with positions from real-life chess games and converted to lessons in creativity for students in natural sciences. The discussion centered around these analogies is reinforced by a literature review of studies conducted over the past 80 years to assess the effect of exposing students to lessons in chess on their learning in distant domains. Overall, great benefits can emerge from complementing science education with chess and it is hoped that chess will become an integral part of basic education in primary schools and universities worldwide in the near future.
Keywords	Chemistry ; Chess ; Creativity ; Culture ; Education ; Instruction ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	370
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Paving Way for a Paradigm Shift in Oncology

Vuk Uskoković

Micro, Vol 3, Iss 53, Pp 749-

Curing Cancer by Loving It?

2023 Volume 762

Abstract: Plateaus in the efficacy of traditional methods for the treatment of cancer reached in the last decades call for the exploration of alternative models as their potential clinical complements. Here, the classical view of cancer as a tissue that is to be ... ...

Abstract	Plateaus in the efficacy of traditional methods for the treatment of cancer reached in the last decades call for the exploration of alternative models as their potential clinical complements. Here, the classical view of cancer as a tissue that is to be eradicated by methods describable by a compendium of militaristic metaphors is being challenged with a provocative idea: what if cancer can be cured with love condensed down to the level of molecular and cell biology? Correspondingly, the idea that love mimics the traits of the objects of its affection and helps them grow was translated to the level of cell biology by incorporating anti-apoptotic properties in healthy cells and promoting tumorigenesis in cancerous cells. Both the indirect and direct co-culture of the two cell types demonstrated hindered growth of cancer cells relative to that of their primary counterparts when these cellular modifications inspired by love for cancer were being implemented. The two experimental models reported here are emphasized as crude and simplistic methods derived from the idea that cancer may be best treated by being loved at the cellular and molecular biology levels. More comprehensive and effective methods may emanate from continued exploration and expansion of the intriguing and innovative avenue for cancer management proposed here.
Keywords	autopoiesis ; cancer ; co-culture ; E297 ; love ; p53 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Microscopy ; QH201-278.5 ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Indigenous Sand Drawings as Predictors of the Cell Response to Nanoparticle Therapy

Vuk Uskokovic

Substantia (2022)

2022

Abstract: A technique for predicting the response of cells and tissues to a physicochemical stimulus without the use of expensive molecular markers and at time points before any morphological changes can be visibly spotted would be a meaningful addendum to the ... ...

Abstract	A technique for predicting the response of cells and tissues to a physicochemical stimulus without the use of expensive molecular markers and at time points before any morphological changes can be visibly spotted would be a meaningful addendum to the current set of bioimaging tools. One such method was developed here based on correlating transformed distance matrices of populations of cultured cells and digital checkerboard patterns derived from traditional central African drawings in the sand. Similarity measurements were made at an early time point in the therapy administered to bone cancer cells in the form of composite magnetic nanoparticles. At this early of a time point, the cell viability was mildly reduced, but no gross alterations to the cell morphology or density were visible yet. Similarity score evaluation demonstrated a significantly higher degree of similarity between the patterns derived from the sand drawings and the cells subjected to the treatment than between the former patterns and the untreated cell controls. The treated cells produced more ordered and symmetric patterns than the control ones after the processing of their pairwise distant matrices, explaining their better geometric correlation with the ancestral sand arabesques, which were monolinear and commonly comprised multiple mirror planes and rotational symmetry axes. This has suggested that the course of the therapy could be predicted by a relatively simple comparison between raw optical images of cells and indigenous ideographs using the metrics postulated here. The interdisciplinary method developed in this study may prove applicable for in situ monitoring of the response of cells and tissues to various therapies, allowing for the early indications of adverse effects to be noticed based on the simple optical observations of cells and acted upon before the progression toward nonviable states becomes irreversible. The method elaborated here may also provide an impetus for a broader search for solutions to problems plaguing the modern ...
Keywords	Anthropology ; Bioimaging ; Ethnoscience ; Nanomedicine ; Pattern recognition ; Sona ; History (General) and history of Europe ; D ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Firenze University Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A historical review of glassy carbon

Vuk Uskoković

Carbon Trends, Vol 5, Iss , Pp 100116- (2021)

Synthesis, structure, properties and applications

2021

Abstract: In a letter to her older brother from 1947, soon after she had arrived in Paris, Rosalind E. Franklin said that she was ready to ‘go more primitive’ if this would preserve her freedom. Influential studies on amorphous carbons released prior to her work ... ...

Abstract	In a letter to her older brother from 1947, soon after she had arrived in Paris, Rosalind E. Franklin said that she was ready to ‘go more primitive’ if this would preserve her freedom. Influential studies on amorphous carbons released prior to her work notwithstanding, fate would have it that by the end of her postdoctoral studies in Paris in 1950, she would provide a seminal insight into the structure of glassy carbon (GC), possibly the most primitive and anarchic of all high-tech materials. Its synthesis, structure, properties and applications are reviewed here from chronological perspectives, focusing on the conceptual milestones in the evolution of the scientific knowledge on it. Fundamentals of the synthesis of GC are elaborated, including the history of its production in the form of particles. Major advances in understanding the complex structure of GC are discussed by focusing on different characterization techniques utilized in the course of these structural elucidations. The most outstanding physical properties of this material, including the anomalous ones, are also summed, along with the complete chronology of reports on its biological properties. In the final section, the numerous applications of GC are being reviewed, including those in electrochemistry, catalysis and self-assembly, as well as in biosensing and biomaterials. Biomedical applications of GC are shown to have been sporadic since its discovery, but a positive trend is traced, showing an increasing interest in this applicative aspect of GC.
Keywords	Amorphous ; Applicative ; Glassy carbon ; History ; Properties ; Synthesis ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Blowup of Accidental Images as a Passageway to Discovery

Vuk Uskoković

Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 8204, p

Insights into the Interaction between Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2020 Volume 8204

Abstract: Despite decades of research into the interaction between cells and nanoparticles, there is a lack of consensus regarding how specific physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, including chemical composition, crystallinity, size, morphology, ... ...

Abstract	Despite decades of research into the interaction between cells and nanoparticles, there is a lack of consensus regarding how specific physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, including chemical composition, crystallinity, size, morphology, charge, and aspect ratio, among others, govern their internalization and intracellular fate. Methodological novelties offer new perspectives on the same old problematics, and often translate into an improved understanding of the given topic. Inspired by an analogy with the theme of the movie, Lisbon Story, a conceptually unconventional method for gaining insight into the interaction between nanoparticles and cells is proposed here. It involves the random, “Take 1” capture of an atomic force micrograph showing the interaction of human mesenchymal stem cells and clusters of spherical hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with a broad distribution of sizes and shapes, the blowup of its segments, and their detailed qualitative inspection. This method led to the derivation of three illustrative hypotheses, some of which were refuted and some corroborated. Specifically, the presupposition that there is an inverse relationship between the cellular uptake efficiency and the size of nanoparticle clusters was confirmed, both empirically and through a literature meta-analysis, but the idea that the geometry of these clusters affects the uptake was refuted. The definite presence of morphological determinants of the cellular uptake at the level of elementary particles, not clusters thereof, however, was confirmed in an alternative experiment. Likewise, immunofluorescent studies demonstrated that relatively large and irregularly shaped nanoparticle clusters do get internalized and localized to the perinuclear area, where they engage in an intimate interaction with the cell nucleus. The proposed enhancement of the binding between cells and biomaterials, by increasing the surface ruffling consequential to the nanoparticle uptake in analogy with the enhanced cell adhesion, achieved by ...
Keywords	AFM ; film ; hydroxyapatite ; immunofluorescence ; mesenchymal stem cells ; nanoparticles ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	571 ; 500
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Factors influencing the drug release from calcium phosphate cements

Marco Fosca / Julietta V. Rau / Vuk Uskoković

Bioactive Materials, Vol 7, Iss , Pp 341-

2022 Volume 363

Abstract: Thanks to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, injectability and self-setting properties, calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been the most economical and effective biomaterials of choice for use as bone void fillers. They have also been ... ...

Abstract	Thanks to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, injectability and self-setting properties, calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been the most economical and effective biomaterials of choice for use as bone void fillers. They have also been extensively used as drug delivery carriers owing to their ability to provide for a steady release of various organic molecules aiding the regeneration of defective bone, including primarily antibiotics and growth factors. This review provides a systematic compilation of studies that reported on the controlled release of drugs from CPCs in the last 25 years. The chemical, compositional and microstructural characteristics of these systems through which the control of the release rates and mechanisms could be achieved have been discussed. In doing so, the effects of (i) the chemistry of the matrix, (ii) porosity, (iii) additives, (iv) drug types, (v) drug concentrations, (vi) drug loading methods and (vii) release media have been distinguished and discussed individually. Kinetic specificities of in vivo release of drugs from CPCs have been reviewed, too. Understanding the kinetic and mechanistic correlations between the CPC properties and the drug release is a prerequisite for the design of bone void fillers with drug release profiles precisely tailored to the application area and the clinical picture. The goal of this review has been to shed light on these fundamental correlations.
Keywords	Calcium phosphate cements ; Drug release ; Release rate ; Antibiotics release ; Bone fillers ; Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ; TA401-492 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Astromimetics

Vuk Uskoković / Victoria M Wu

Nanobiomedicine, Vol

2018 Volume 5

Abstract: Composite, multifunctional fine particles are likely to be at the frontier of materials science in the foreseeable future. Here we present a submicron composite particle that mimics the stratified structure of the Earth by having a zero-valent iron core, ...

Abstract	Composite, multifunctional fine particles are likely to be at the frontier of materials science in the foreseeable future. Here we present a submicron composite particle that mimics the stratified structure of the Earth by having a zero-valent iron core, a silicate/silicide mantle, and a thin carbonaceous crust resembling the biosphere and its biotic deposits. Particles were formulated in a stable colloidal form and made to interact with various types of healthy and cancer cells in vitro. A selective anticancer activity was observed, promising from the point of view of the intended use of the particles for tumor targeting across the blood–brain barrier. As an extension of the idea underlying the fabrication of a particle mimicking the planet Earth, we propose a new field of mimetics within materials science: astromimetics. The astromimetic approach in the context of materials science consists of the design of particles after the structure of celestial bodies. With Earth being the most chemically diverse and fertile out of all the astral bodies known, it is anticipated that the great majority of astromimetic material models will fall in the domain of geo-inspired ones.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: …And All the World a Dream

Vuk Uskokovic / Evangelina Uskokovic / Theo Uskokovic / Victoria Wu

Substantia, Vol 4, Iss

Memory Outlining the Mysterious Temperature-Dependency of Crystallization of Water, a.k.a. the Mpemba Effect

2020 Volume 2

Abstract: Introduction Year 2019 marked the semi-centennial since the release of Cool?, a seminal paper by Mpemba and Osborne that demonstrated the counterintuitively faster crystallization of warm water than the cold one when they are both cooled under the same ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Year 2019 marked the semi-centennial since the release of Cool?, a seminal paper by Mpemba and Osborne that demonstrated the counterintuitively faster crystallization of warm water than the cold one when they are both cooled under the same conditions. Objective This docufiction piece celebrates the “cool” of the story around the discovery of this effect by taking the form of a play during which a scientific study elucidating the mechanistic origins of this peculiar effect was performed and discussed. Methods This play celebrating scientific research as a literal play takes place over the period of 24 hours on an autumn day in 2019 and is divided to four acts: the noon (Act I), the afternoon (Act II), the night (Act III), and the sunrise (Act IV). It is interjected with diegetic musical lines that are sang by the muses in the alternate version and by the characters per se in this version, either acapella or to the tunes played by an onstage radio. The protagonists of the play are a husband (VU) and a wife (VW) scientists on exile from scientific institutions and their two children, a first-grader (TU) and a preschooler (EU), implying the study’s strong educational character, alongside the philosophical and moralistic. Results Through the simple kinetic analyses of the crystallization of water and the melting of ice, but also more complex light scattering, optical absorbance, infrared imaging and X-ray diffraction analyses, the study provides observations that support the hypothesis of structural memory in the liquid state as a key factor explaining the Mpemba effect. As per this explanatory model, the increased polydispersity and delayed relaxation of cluster symmetries forming in the preheated water allow it to crystallize faster than the initially cold water. This is made possible either by the direct semblance of an unrelaxed population of high-temperature clusters to the space group of ice Ih or by preserving the dynamic conditions for cluster reorganization that shorten the stochastic search for ...
Keywords	Crystallization ; Dialogue ; DIY ; Indie ; Kinetics ; Memory ; History (General) and history of Europe ; D ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	290
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Firenze University Press
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Protecting healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic with nanotechnology

Mohamed K. Ahmed / Mohamed Afifi / Vuk Uskoković

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Vol 13, Iss 9, Pp 1243-

A protocol for a new device from Egypt

2020 Volume 1246

Abstract: The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is thought to have occurred first in Wuhan, China in December 2019, before spreading to over 120 countries in the months that ... ...

Abstract	The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is thought to have occurred first in Wuhan, China in December 2019, before spreading to over 120 countries in the months that followed. It was declared a “public health emergency of international concern” by the World Health Organization on January 31, 2020 and recognized as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The primary route of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from human to human is through inhalation of respiratory droplets. Devising protective technologies for stopping the spread of the droplets of aerosol containing the viral particles is a vital requirement to curb the ongoing outbreak. However, the current generations of protective respirator masks in use are noted for their imperfect design and there is a need to develop their more advanced analogues, with higher blockage efficiency and the ability to deactivate the trapped bacteria and viruses. It is likely that one such design will be inspired by nanotechnologies. Here we describe a new design from Egypt, utilizing a reusable, recyclable, customizable, antimicrobial and antiviral respirator facial mask feasible for mass production. The novel design is based on the filtration system composed of a nanofibrous matrix of polylactic acid and cellulose acetate containing copper oxide nanoparticles and graphene oxide nanosheets and produced using the electrospinning technique. Simultaneously, the flat pattern fabricated from a thermoplastic composite material is used to provide a solid fit with the facial anatomy. This design illustrates an effort made in a developing setting to provide innovative solutions for combating the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic of potentially global significance.
Keywords	Polylactic acid ; Cellulose acetate ; Nanofiber ; COVID-19 ; Face mask ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Is there a relationship between solubility and resorbability of different calcium phosphate phases in vitro?

Wu, Victoria M / Vuk Uskoković

Biochimica et biophysica acta. 2016 Oct., v. 1860, no. 10

2016

Abstract: Does chemistry govern biology or it is the other way around - that is a broad connotation of the question that this study attempted to answer.Comparison was made between the solubility and osteoclastic resorbability of four fundamentally different ... ...

Abstract	Does chemistry govern biology or it is the other way around - that is a broad connotation of the question that this study attempted to answer.Comparison was made between the solubility and osteoclastic resorbability of four fundamentally different monophasic calcium phosphate (CP) powders with monodisperse particle size distributions: alkaline hydroxyapatite (HAP), acidic monetite (DCP), β-calcium pyrophosphate (CPP), and amorphous CP (ACP). Results With the exception of CPP, the difference in solubility between different CP phases became neither mitigated nor reversed, but augmented in the resorptive osteoclastic milieu. Thus, DCP, a phase with the highest solubility, was also resorbed more intensely than any other CP phase, whereas HAP, a phase with the lowest solubility, was resorbed least. CPP becomes retained inside the cells for the longest period of time, indicating hindered digestion of only this particular type of CP. Osteoclastogenesis was mildly hindered in the presence of HAP, ACP and DCP, but not in the presence of CPP. The most viable CP powder with respect to the mitochondrial succinic dehydrogenase activity was the one present in natural biological bone tissues: HAP.Chemistry in this case does have a direct effect on biology. Biology neither overrides nor reverses the chemical propensities of inorganics with which it interacts, but rather augments and takes a direct advantage of them.These findings set the fundamental basis for designing the chemical makeup of CP and other biosoluble components of tissue engineering constructs for their most optimal resorption and tissue regeneration response.
Keywords	bones ; hydroxyapatite ; mitochondria ; particle size distribution ; powders ; resorption ; solubility ; tissue engineering ; tissue repair
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-10
Size	p. 2157-2168.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	840755-1
ISSN	0304-4165
ISSN	0304-4165
DOI	10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.05.022
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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