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  1. Article: Qualitative Exploration of Perception and Use of Cultural Ecosystem Services from Tree-Based Urban Green Space in the City of Zagreb (Croatia)

    Krajter Ostoić, Silvija / Marin, Ana Marija / Kičić, Martina / Vuletić, Dijana

    Forests. 2020 Aug. 11, v. 11, no. 8

    2020  

    Abstract: Background and Objectives: Cultural ecosystem services of urban green spaces are increasingly important and often recognized as such by people living in urban areas. Qualitative studies on perception of cultural ecosystem services from urban green spaces ...

    Abstract Background and Objectives: Cultural ecosystem services of urban green spaces are increasingly important and often recognized as such by people living in urban areas. Qualitative studies on perception of cultural ecosystem services from urban green spaces are still rare. Previous studies addressed only certain types of urban green space and often only some services. There is a lack of understanding how people perceive cultural ecosystem services from different types of tree-based urban green spaces. Hence, the purpose of the study was to explore whether and how people perceive and use cultural ecosystem services of different types of tree-based urban green spaces. Materials and Methods: Focus groups were conducted with citizens in each city district. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and transcripts analyzed in MAXQDA software. We used bottom up code-category-theme approach to analyze the data without predefined set of codes or categories. Results: Place attachment, aesthetic and recreational services were more recognized than educational and cultural identity services. For place attachment, most important single attributes were positive memories, and good maintenance, while most important categories were facilities, existence of emotional ties, possibility of experiences, recreational use and access. Presence of specific tree species and presence of trees in general were most important attributes for aesthetic services, while possibility of experiences and trees were the most important categories. Conclusions: People perceived various cultural ecosystem services from tree-based urban green space, even though some services more than others. Recreation may be the underlying goal of our participants when interacting with tree-based urban nature. Forests, parks were recognized as those providing multiple cultural ecosystem services. However, other types of green spaces were also recognized as bearers of these services, albeit with less services and attributes attached. It supports the importance of careful planning of urban green spaces in terms of providing a variety of green space types. The study provides basis for later quantification of cultural ecosystem services (CES) from tree-based urban green space.
    Keywords aesthetics ; computer software ; ecosystem services ; focus groups ; forests ; green infrastructure ; interviews ; parks ; planning ; qualitative analysis ; recreation ; trees ; urban areas ; Croatia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0811
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2527081-3
    ISSN 1999-4907
    ISSN 1999-4907
    DOI 10.3390/f11080876
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Three Decades of Urban Forest and Green Space Research and Practice in Croatia and Slovenia

    Krajter Ostoić, Silvija / Vuletić, Dijana / Planinšek, Špela / Vilhar, Urša / Japelj, Anže

    Forests. 2020 Jan. 23, v. 11, no. 2

    2020  

    Abstract: Background and Objectives: Urban forests and green space contribute to human wellbeing. Green infrastructure is recognized by the European Union as a planning tool that contributes to the implementation of many public policies, with urban forests and ... ...

    Abstract Background and Objectives: Urban forests and green space contribute to human wellbeing. Green infrastructure is recognized by the European Union as a planning tool that contributes to the implementation of many public policies, with urban forests and green space as its main building blocks. Croatia and Slovenia are young democracies and recent members of the European Union. Hence, they also need to contribute to the implementation of those policies. Previous review studies on urban forests and green space rarely addressed scientific or professional publications in those countries. Furthermore, the body of knowledge about urban forest and green space research and practice in post-socialist countries is still rather weak. The goal of the paper is (a) to show that urban forest and green space research and practice is much stronger in these countries than it is possible to assume based only on previous review papers or only by searching Scopus and Web of Science, and (b) to describe publications written by scientists and professionals in the past 30 years. Materials and Methods: We used a trilingual systematic literature review to identify scientific and grey literature in various databases, as well as a snowballing technique, and yielded 211 publications in Croatia and 84 in Slovenia. Results: We identified many more publications on urban forests and green space science and practice in Croatia and Slovenia than it was possible to assume based only on previous review papers and when searching solely publications in English. Croatian authors showed continuity over time in terms of number of publications, while Slovenian publications have been on the rise in the past decade. In both countries, scientific papers were most frequent, and the vast majority of studies addressed capital cities. Croatian publications mainly focused on parks and park-forests, while Slovenian publications focused on urban forests. Interestingly, Croatian authors were affiliated with over 60 organizations, and in comparison to Slovenian authors, have stronger preference towards publishing in their local language. Green space planning and design followed by resource inventory were the most frequent themes. The least addressed themes in both countries were resource management, economic aspects, policy, legislation or governance. Conclusions: Important discussion in the future, especially in Croatia, would be regulation of urban forestry as a profession. Cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary studies, as well as focusing on cities other than capitals in future, can help in addressing issues such as climate change or application of participatory approaches.
    Keywords European Union ; cities ; climate change ; databases ; governance ; green infrastructure ; inventories ; laws and regulations ; occupations ; parks ; planning ; public policy ; resource management ; social welfare ; urban forestry ; urban forests ; Croatia ; Slovenia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0123
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2527081-3
    ISSN 1999-4907
    ISSN 1999-4907
    DOI 10.3390/f11020136
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Water-Related Payment Schemes for Forest Ecosystem Services in Selected Southeast European (SEE) Countries

    Vuletić, Dijana / Krajter Ostoić, Silvija / Keča, Ljiljana / Avdibegović, Mersudin / Potočki, Kristina / Posavec, Stjepan / Marković, Aleksandar / Pezdevšek Malovrh, Špela

    Forests. 2020 June 08, v. 11, no. 6

    2020  

    Abstract: This paper examines the level of payment for ecosystem services (PES) concept implementation in the financing of water-related forest ecosystem services (ES) in the Republic of Croatia, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H), the Republic of ... ...

    Abstract This paper examines the level of payment for ecosystem services (PES) concept implementation in the financing of water-related forest ecosystem services (ES) in the Republic of Croatia, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H), the Republic of Slovenia, and the Republic of Serbia. The focus is on water-related forest ES recognised by the millennium ecosystem assessment (MEA). For the purpose of this paper, the term pure PES describes schemes that comply to all five conditions set by Wunder definition and term PES like for those schemes that miss some of those conditions. In the first step, the most important legislative documents related to forests, water, and environmental protection were selected. The second consists of a content analysis; focusing on the definition of ES; the definition of fees or payments; the establishment of ‘forest funds’, ‘water funds’, or ‘environmental funds’; and the way these funds were spent. Here we looked at the flow of funding into the forestry sector recognising forest management as the main water-related forest ES provider. Research revealed existence of well-established payments schemes in forestry in Croatia for almost 30 years and in FB&H for some 20 years which were assessed as closest to pure PES. In Serbia and Slovenia, there were no PES or PES like schemes in the forestry sector. In the water sector the well-established PES like payments schemes existing in all four countries. The environmental protection sector, however, rely more on the tax like rather than on the PES like schemes. Legislation in general recognised the link between forests and water, but this was much more evident in the forestry than in the water or environment sector. The role of the state is strongly pronounced in all countries studied, and was the main driving force behind all payments. However, this position of the state represents also the main obstacle for the development of pure PES schemes, together with underdeveloped private forestry and complex socio-economic conditions. Nevertheless, there is room for further development of pure PES and PES like schemes based on EU or global experiences.
    Keywords European Union ; ecosystem services ; environmental protection ; forest ecosystems ; forest management ; forests ; funding ; laws and regulations ; private forestry ; socioeconomics ; water utilities ; Bosnia-Herzegovina ; Croatia ; Serbia ; Slovenia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0608
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2527081-3
    ISSN 1999-4907
    ISSN 1999-4907
    DOI 10.3390/f11060654
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Understanding the benefits of public urban green space: How do perceptions vary between professionals and users?

    Ugolini, Francesca / Massetti, Luciano / Calaza Martínez, Pedro / Cariñanos, Paloma / Dobbs, Cynnamon / Krajter Ostoić, Silvija / Marin, Ana Marija / Pearlmutter, David / Saaroni, Hadas / Šaulienė, Ingrida / Vuletić, Dijana / Sanesi, Giovanni

    Landscape and Urban Planning. 2022 Dec., v. 228 p.104575-

    2022  

    Abstract: The potential benefits of public urban green spaces (UGS) are widely recognized and well documented, but the actual realization of these benefits depends on appropriate design and ongoing maintenance. To properly consider the needs and preferences of ... ...

    Abstract The potential benefits of public urban green spaces (UGS) are widely recognized and well documented, but the actual realization of these benefits depends on appropriate design and ongoing maintenance. To properly consider the needs and preferences of users, the professionals who plan and manage UGS should ideally be guided by the same perceptions that motivate the people who benefit from them. This exploratory international study was aimed at assessing the perceptions of urban residents and their level of satisfaction with specific aspects of UGS quality, and the extent to which these perceptions align with those of the professionals responsible for providing UGS-related services. The data collection was conducted in five European countries (Croatia, Israel, Italy, Lithuania, and Spain) in 2020–2021. The results show that UGS professionals generally underestimate the fears that are experienced by users at night, especially women, but correctly prioritize the importance of tangible solutions such as adequate lighting and cleanliness. Users in all countries emphasized “nature” and “quiet” as factors that improve their general sense of wellbeing in UGS, whereas these two aspects were largely overlooked by professionals in almost all countries. In addition, user satisfaction with specific UGS characteristics ranging from accessibility to park furniture was overestimated by professionals. These findings reinforce the concern that the benefits and services of green spaces can only be maximized if UGS professionals recognize the actual needs and desires of UGS users, from the phase of planning and landscape design to the everyday management and maintenance of these shared amenities.
    Keywords consumer satisfaction ; data collection ; furniture ; green infrastructure ; landscapes ; landscaping ; lighting ; people ; Croatia ; Israel ; Italy ; Lithuania ; Spain ; Accessibility ; Feelings in green spaces ; Management ; Parks ; Planning ; Satisfaction
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-12
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 742504-1
    ISSN 1872-6062 ; 0169-2046
    ISSN (online) 1872-6062
    ISSN 0169-2046
    DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104575
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Significant increase in natural disturbance impacts on European forests since 1950

    Patacca, Marco / Lindner, Marcus / Lucas‐Borja, Manuel Esteban / Cordonnier, Thomas / Fidej, Gal / Gardiner, Barry / Hauf, Ylva / Jasinevičius, Gediminas / Labonne, Sophie / Linkevičius, Edgaras / Mahnken, Mats / Milanovic, Slobodan / Nabuurs, Gert‐Jan / Nagel, Thomas A. / Nikinmaa, Laura / Panyatov, Momchil / Bercak, Roman / Seidl, Rupert / Ostrogović Sever, Masa Zorana /
    Socha, Jaroslaw / Thom, Dominik / Vuletic, Dijana / Zudin, Sergey / Schelhaas, Mart‐Jan

    Global Change Biology. 2023 Mar., v. 29, no. 5 p.1359-1376

    2023  

    Abstract: Over the last decades, the natural disturbance is increasingly putting pressure on European forests. Shifts in disturbance regimes may compromise forest functioning and the continuous provisioning of ecosystem services to society, including their climate ...

    Abstract Over the last decades, the natural disturbance is increasingly putting pressure on European forests. Shifts in disturbance regimes may compromise forest functioning and the continuous provisioning of ecosystem services to society, including their climate change mitigation potential. Although forests are central to many European policies, we lack the long‐term empirical data needed for thoroughly understanding disturbance dynamics, modeling them, and developing adaptive management strategies. Here, we present a unique database of >170,000 records of ground‐based natural disturbance observations in European forests from 1950 to 2019. Reported data confirm a significant increase in forest disturbance in 34 European countries, causing on an average of 43.8 million m³ of disturbed timber volume per year over the 70‐year study period. This value is likely a conservative estimate due to under‐reporting, especially of small‐scale disturbances. We used machine learning techniques for assessing the magnitude of unreported disturbances, which are estimated to be between 8.6 and 18.3 million m³/year. In the last 20 years, disturbances on average accounted for 16% of the mean annual harvest in Europe. Wind was the most important disturbance agent over the study period (46% of total damage), followed by fire (24%) and bark beetles (17%). Bark beetle disturbance doubled its share of the total damage in the last 20 years. Forest disturbances can profoundly impact ecosystem services (e.g., climate change mitigation), affect regional forest resource provisioning and consequently disrupt long‐term management planning objectives and timber markets. We conclude that adaptation to changing disturbance regimes must be placed at the core of the European forest management and policy debate. Furthermore, a coherent and homogeneous monitoring system of natural disturbances is urgently needed in Europe, to better observe and respond to the ongoing changes in forest disturbance regimes.
    Keywords adaptive management ; bark ; bark beetles ; climate change ; databases ; ecosystems ; forest damage ; forest management ; forests ; issues and policy ; society ; Europe
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-03
    Size p. 1359-1376.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1281439-8
    ISSN 1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
    ISSN (online) 1365-2486
    ISSN 1354-1013
    DOI 10.1111/gcb.16531
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of and attitudes towards urban forests and green spaces: Exploring the instigators of change in Belgium

    da Schio, Nicola / Phillips, Amy / Fransen, Koos / Wolff, Manuel / Haase, Dagmar / Ostoić, Silvija Krajter / Živojinović, Ivana / Vuletić, Dijana / Derks, Jakob / Davies, Clive / Lafortezza, Raffaele / Roitsch, Dennis / Winkel, Georg / De Vreese, Rik

    Urban forestry & urban greening. 2021 Nov., v. 65

    2021  

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted our society, producing drastic changes in people’s routines and daily mobility, and putting public spaces under a new light. This paper starts with the premise that the use of urban forests and green spaces - ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted our society, producing drastic changes in people’s routines and daily mobility, and putting public spaces under a new light. This paper starts with the premise that the use of urban forests and green spaces - where and for who they were available and accessible - increased, when social restrictions were most stringent. It takes an explorative approach to examine changes in attitude towards urban forests and urban green spaces in terms of attraction (i.e., as the actual use behaviour), intended use (i.e., intention of going to green spaces), and civic engagement in relation to green spaces. In particular, it analyses the responses to a survey of 1987 respondents in Belgium and statistically examines the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, urbanisation characteristics, actual and intended green space use, and changes in attitudes towards green spaces and civic engagement. The findings show that highly educated citizens experienced an increase in actual and intended use of green spaces during the pandemic, but that this increase differs among sociodemographic profiles such as impact of age or access to private green, and depends on their local built environment characteristics. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted citizens’ attitudes, as well as (intended) behaviour and civil engagement with respect to the green spaces in their area.
    Keywords COVID-19 infection ; green infrastructure ; pandemic ; surveys ; urban forestry ; urbanization ; Belgium
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-11
    Publishing place Elsevier GmbH
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1618-8667
    DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127305
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of and attitudes towards urban forests and green spaces: Exploring the instigators of change in Belgium.

    da Schio, Nicola / Phillips, Amy / Fransen, Koos / Wolff, Manuel / Haase, Dagmar / Ostoić, Silvija Krajter / Živojinović, Ivana / Vuletić, Dijana / Derks, Jakob / Davies, Clive / Lafortezza, Raffaele / Roitsch, Dennis / Winkel, Georg / De Vreese, Rik

    Urban forestry & urban greening

    2021  Volume 65, Page(s) 127305

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted our society, producing drastic changes in people's routines and daily mobility, and putting public spaces under a new light. This paper starts with the premise that the use of urban forests and green spaces - ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted our society, producing drastic changes in people's routines and daily mobility, and putting public spaces under a new light. This paper starts with the premise that the use of urban forests and green spaces - where and for who they were available and accessible - increased, when social restrictions were most stringent. It takes an explorative approach to examine changes in attitude towards urban forests and urban green spaces in terms of attraction (i.e., as the actual use behaviour), intended use (i.e., intention of going to green spaces), and civic engagement in relation to green spaces. In particular, it analyses the responses to a survey of 1987 respondents in Belgium and statistically examines the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, urbanisation characteristics, actual and intended green space use, and changes in attitudes towards green spaces and civic engagement. The findings show that highly educated citizens experienced an increase in actual and intended use of green spaces during the pandemic, but that this increase differs among sociodemographic profiles such as impact of age or access to private green, and depends on their local built environment characteristics. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted citizens' attitudes, as well as (intended) behaviour and civil engagement with respect to the green spaces in their area.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1618-8667
    ISSN 1618-8667
    DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127305
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Modeling Tree Characteristics of Individual Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) Trees for Use in Remote Sensing-Based Inventory

    Balenović, Ivan / Jazbec, Anamarija / Marjanović, Hrvoje / Paladinić, Elvis / Vuletić, Dijana

    Forests. 2015 Feb. 16, v. 6, no. 2

    2015  

    Abstract: The main aim was to develop models for predicting diameter at breast height (DBH), merchantable tree volume (V), and aboveground biomass (AGB) of individual black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) trees grown in Sub-Mediterranean Croatian pure even-aged forests, ... ...

    Abstract The main aim was to develop models for predicting diameter at breast height (DBH), merchantable tree volume (V), and aboveground biomass (AGB) of individual black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) trees grown in Sub-Mediterranean Croatian pure even-aged forests, which will be suitable for remote sensing based forest inventories. In total, eight variables obtained from field measurement, existing database, and digital terrain model were candidates for independent variables in regression analysis. DBH, V, and AGB were modeled as linear function of each of the independent variables, and all possible linear combinations thereof. Goodness of fit of every model was then evaluated using R2 statistic. Comparison between selected models showed that the variability of all dependent variables are explained best by models which include both crown diameter and tree height as independent variables with coefficients of determination of 0.83, 0.89, 0.82 for DBH, V, and AGB, respectively. Consequently, these models may be recommended as the most suited for DBH, V and AGB estimation of black pine trees grown in pure Sub-Mediterranean forest stands using high-resolution aerial images or high-density airborne laser scanning data. This assumption should be further validated by conducting remote sensing inventory and comparing the obtained results with field measurement results.
    Keywords aboveground biomass ; aerial photography ; databases ; forest inventory ; forest stands ; forests ; landscapes ; lidar ; models ; Pinus nigra ; prediction ; regression analysis ; remote sensing ; tree and stand measurements ; tree height ; trees
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-0216
    Size p. 492-509.
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2527081-3
    ISSN 1999-4907
    ISSN 1999-4907
    DOI 10.3390/f6020492
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use and perceptions of urban green space: An international exploratory study

    Ugolini, Francesca / Massetti, Luciano / Calaza-Martínez, Pedro / Cariñanos, Paloma / Dobbs, Cynnamon / Ostoić, Silvija Krajter / Marin, Ana Marija / Pearlmutter, David / Saaroni, Hadas / Šaulienė, Ingrida / Simoneti, Maja / Verlič, Andrej / Vuletić, Dijana / Sanesi, Giovanni

    Urban forestry & urban greening. 2020 Dec., v. 56

    2020  

    Abstract: Urban green space (UGS) is an essential element in the urban environment, providing multiple ecosystem services as well as beneficial effects on physical and mental health. In a time of societal crisis these effects may be amplified, but ensuring that ... ...

    Abstract Urban green space (UGS) is an essential element in the urban environment, providing multiple ecosystem services as well as beneficial effects on physical and mental health. In a time of societal crisis these effects may be amplified, but ensuring that they are maintained requires effective planning and management – which is a complex challenge given the rapid changes in modern society and the need for continual adaptation. This study aims to identify the drivers that normally attract visitors to UGS, and to assess the effects of social isolation on the usage and perception of UGS during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an online survey during the period in which restrictive measures were imposed in response to the pandemic (March-May 2020), in Croatia, Israel, Italy, Lithuania, Slovenia and Spain.Results showed that urban residents normally have a need for accessible UGS, mainly for physical exercise, relaxing and observing nature. The reduction in UGS visitation during the containment period was related to distinct changes in the motivations of those who did visit, with a relative increase in "necessary activities" such as taking the dog out, and a reduction in activities that could be considered non-essential or high-risk such as meeting people or observing nature. Behavioral changes related to proximity were also observed, with an increase in people walking to small urban gardens nearby (e.g. in Italy) or tree-lined streets (e.g. in Spain, Israel), and people traveling by car to green areas outside the city (e.g. in Lithuania). What the respondents missed the most about UGS during the pandemic was "spending time outdoors" and "meeting other people" – highlighting that during the COVID-19 isolation, UGS was important for providing places of solace and respite, and for allowing exercise and relaxation. Respondents expressed the need for urban greenery even when legally mandated access was limited – and many proposed concrete suggestions for improved urban planning that integrates green spaces of different sizes within the fabric of cities and neighborhoods, so that all residents have access to UGS.
    Keywords COVID-19 infection ; behavior change ; cities ; concrete ; dogs ; ecosystem services ; exercise ; gardens ; green infrastructure ; mental health ; motivation ; pandemic ; people ; society ; surveys ; urban areas ; urban planning ; vegetation ; walking ; Croatia ; Israel ; Italy ; Lithuania ; Slovenia ; Spain
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-12
    Publishing place Elsevier GmbH
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1618-8667
    DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126888
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: Eddy Covariance vs. Biometric Based Estimates of Net Primary Productivity of Pedunculate Oak (<i>Quercus robur</i> L.) Forest in Croatia during Ten Years

    Anić, Mislav / Ostrogović Sever, Maša Zorana / Alberti, Giorgio / Balenović, Ivan / Paladinić, Elvis / Peressotti, Alessandro / Tijan, Goran / Večenaj, Željko / Vuletić, Dijana / Marjanović, Hrvoje

    Forests. 2018 Dec. 11, v. 9, no. 12

    2018  

    Abstract: We analysed 10 years (2008–2017) of continuous eddy covariance (EC) CO ... 2 ... flux measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in a young pedunculate oak forest in Croatia. Measured NEE was gap-filled and partitioned into gross primary productivity ...

    Abstract We analysed 10 years (2008–2017) of continuous eddy covariance (EC) CO<inf>2</inf> flux measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in a young pedunculate oak forest in Croatia. Measured NEE was gap-filled and partitioned into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem reparation (R<inf>ECO</inf>) using the online tool by Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry in Jena, Germany. Annual NEE, GPP, and R<inf>ECO</inf> were correlated with main environmental drivers. Net primary productivity was estimated from EC (NPP<inf>EC</inf>), as a sum of −NEE and R<inf>h</inf> obtained using a constant R<inf>h</inf>:R<inf>ECO</inf> ratio, and from independent periodic biometric measurements (NPP<inf>BM</inf>). For comparing the NPP at the seasonal level, we propose a simple model that aimed at accounting for late-summer and autumn carbon storage in the non-structural carbohydrate pool. Over the study period, Jastrebarsko forest acted as a carbon sink, with an average (±std. dev.) annual NEE of −319 (±94) gC m−2 year−1, GPP of 1594 (±109) gC m−2 year−1, and R<inf>ECO</inf> of 1275 (±94) gC m−2 year−1. Annual NEE showed high inter-annual variability and poor correlation with annual average global radiation, air temperature, and total precipitation, but significant (R2 = 0.501, p = 0.02) correlation with the change in soil water content between May and September. Comparison of annual NPP<inf>EC</inf> and NPP<inf>BM</inf> showed a good overall agreement (R2 = 0.463, p = 0.03), although in all years NPP<inf>BM</inf> was lower than NPP<inf>EC</inf>, with averages of 680 (±88) gC m−2 year−1 and 819 (±89) gC m−2 year−1, respectively. Lower values of NPP<inf>BM</inf> indicate that fine roots and grasses contributions to NPP, which were not measured in the study period, could have an important contribution to the overall ecosystem NPP. At a seasonal level, two NPP estimates showed differences in their dynamic, but the application of the proposed model greatly improved the agreement in the second part of the growing season. Further research is needed on the respiration partitioning and mechanisms of carbon allocation.
    Keywords Quercus robur ; air temperature ; autumn ; biometry ; carbohydrates ; carbon ; carbon sequestration ; carbon sinks ; computer software ; ecosystems ; eddy covariance ; fine roots ; forests ; grasses ; gross primary productivity ; growing season ; models ; net ecosystem exchange ; net primary productivity ; soil water content ; summer ; Croatia ; Germany
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-1211
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2527081-3
    ISSN 1999-4907
    ISSN 1999-4907
    DOI 10.3390/f9120764
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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