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  1. Article ; Online: Nosocomial Coronavirus Disease Outbreak Containment, Hanoi, Vietnam, March–April 2020

    Cuong Duy / Vuong Minh Nong / An Van Ngo / Tra Thu Doan / Tuan Quang Nguyen / Phuong Thai Truong / Linus Olson / Mattias Larsson

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 27, Iss 1, Pp 10-

    2021  Volume 17

    Abstract: We report on the public health response generated by an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that occurred during March 2020 at Bach Mai Hospital (BMH) in Hanoi, northern Vietnam’s largest hospital complex. On March 18, a total of 3 distinct ... ...

    Abstract We report on the public health response generated by an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that occurred during March 2020 at Bach Mai Hospital (BMH) in Hanoi, northern Vietnam’s largest hospital complex. On March 18, a total of 3 distinct clusters of COVID-19 cases were identified at BMH. Diagnosis of the initial 3 COVID-19 cases led to contact tracing, symptom screening, and testing of 495 persons and limited quarantine of affected institutes or departments. When 27 staff members in the catering company tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, the entire BMH staff (7,664 persons) was put under quarantine. Contact tracing in the community resulted in an additional 52,239 persons being quarantined. After 3 weeks, the hospital outbreak was contained; no further spread occurred in the hospital. Rapid screening of cases, extensive testing, prompt quarantine, contact tracing, and social distancing contributed to prevent community transmission in Hanoi and northern Vietnam.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; Vietnam ; quarantine ; contact tracing ; testing ; outbreak ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Patient waiting time in the outpatient clinic at a central surgical hospital of Vietnam

    Tho Dinh Tran / Uy Van Nguyen / Vuong Minh Nong / Bach Xuan Tran

    F1000Research, Vol

    Implications for resource allocation [version 3; referees: 2 approved]

    2017  Volume 6

    Abstract: Background: Patient waiting time is considered as a crucial parameter in the assessment of healthcare quality and patients’ satisfaction towards healthcare services. Data concerning this has remained limited in Vietnam. Thus, this study aims to assess ... ...

    Abstract Background: Patient waiting time is considered as a crucial parameter in the assessment of healthcare quality and patients’ satisfaction towards healthcare services. Data concerning this has remained limited in Vietnam. Thus, this study aims to assess patient waiting time in the outpatient clinic in Viet Duc Hospital (Hanoi, Vietnam) in order to enable stakeholders to inform evidence-based interventions to improve the quality of healthcare services. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2014 to June 2015 in the outpatient clinic at Viet Duc Hospital. Waiting time stratified by years (2014 and 2015), months of the year, weekdays, and hours of the day were extracted from Hospital Management software and carefully calculated. Stata 12.0 was employed to analyze data, including the average time (M± SD), frequencies and percentage (%). Results: There was a total of 137,881 patients involved in the study. The average waiting time from registration to preliminary diagnosis in 2014 was 50.41 minutes, and in 2015 was 42.05 minutes. A longer waiting time was recorded in the morning and in those having health insurance. Conclusions: Our results provided evidence that despite the decrease of waiting time from 2014 to 2015, waiting time was much higher among patients having health insurance compared to their counterparts. The findings suggest that human resources promotion and distribution should be emphasized in outpatient clinics and health insurance-related administrative procedures should be simplified.
    Keywords Health Systems & Services Research ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher F1000 Research Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: A systematic review of scope and quality of health economic evaluation studies in Vietnam.

    Bach Xuan Tran / Vuong Minh Nong / Rachel Marie Maher / Phuong Khanh Nguyen / Hoat Ngoc Luu

    PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 8, p e

    2014  Volume 103825

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The application of health economic evaluation (HEE) evidence can play an important role in strategic planning and policy making. This study aimed to assess the scope and quality of existing research, with the goal of elucidating ... ...

    Abstract INTRODUCTION: The application of health economic evaluation (HEE) evidence can play an important role in strategic planning and policy making. This study aimed to assess the scope and quality of existing research, with the goal of elucidating implications for improving the use of HEE evidence in Vietnam. METHODS: A comprehensive search strategy was developed to search medical online databases (Medline, Google Scholar, and Vietnam Medical Databases) to select all types of HEE studies except cost-only analyses. Two researchers assessed the quality of selected studies using the Quality of Health Economic Studies (QHES) instrument. RESULTS: We selected 26 studies, including 6 published in Vietnam. The majority of these studies focused on infectious diseases (14 studies), with HIV being the most common topic (5 studies). Most papers were cost-effectiveness studies that measured health outcomes using DALY units. Using QHES, we found that the overall quality of HEE studies published internationally was much higher (mean score 88.7+13.3) than that of those published in Vietnam (mean score 67.3+22.9). Lack of costing perspectives, reliable data sources and sensitivity analysis were the main shortcomings of the reviewed studies. CONCLUSION: This review indicates that HEE studies published in Vietnam are limited in scope and number, as well as by several important technical errors or omissions. It is necessary to formalize the process of health economic research in Vietnam and to institutionalize the links between researchers and policy-makers. Additionally, the quality of HEE should be enhanced through education about research techniques, and the implementation of standard HEE guidelines.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 001
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: A study on the influence of internet addiction and online interpersonal influences on health-related quality of life in young Vietnamese

    Bach Xuan Tran / Le Thi Huong / Nguyen Duc Hinh / Long Hoang Nguyen / Bao Nguyen Le / Vuong Minh Nong / Vu Thi Minh Thuc / Tran Dinh Tho / Carl Latkin / Melvyn WB Zhang / Roger CM Ho

    BMC Public Health, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2017  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Background Internet addiction (IA) is a common problem found in young Asians. This study aimed to study the influence of IA and online activities on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in young Vietnamese. This study also compared the ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Internet addiction (IA) is a common problem found in young Asians. This study aimed to study the influence of IA and online activities on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in young Vietnamese. This study also compared the frequencies of anxiety, depression and other addiction of young Vietnamese with and without IA. Methods This study recruited 566 young Vietnamese (56.7% female, 43.3% male) ranging from 15 to 25 years of age via the respondent-driven sampling technique. Chi-squared, t-test and analysis of variance were used to compare young Vietnamese with and without IA. Regression analyses were used to examine the association between internet usage characteristics and HRQOL. Results Results from this cross-sectional study showed that 21.2% of participants suffered from IA. Online relationship demonstrated significantly higher influences on behaviors and lifestyles in participants with IA than those without IA. Participants with IA were more likely to have problems with self-care, difficulty in performing daily routine, suffer from pain and discomfort, anxiety and depression. Contrary to previous studies, we found that there were no differences in gender, sociodemographic, the number of participants with cigarette smoking, water-pipe smoking and alcohol dependence between the IA and non-IA groups. IA was significantly associated with poor HRQOL in young Vietnamese. Conclusion IA is a common problem among young Vietnamese and the prevalence of IA is the highest as compared to other Asian countries. Our findings suggest that gender may not play a key role in IA. This can be an emerging trend when both genders have equal access to the internet. By studying the impact of IA on HRQOL, healthcare professionals can design effective intervention to alleviate the negative consequences of IA in Vietnam.
    Keywords Internet addiction ; Interpersonal influences ; Quality of life ; Vietnam ; Young people ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Prevalence of cigarette smoking and associated factors in a large sample of HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Vietnam.

    Nhung Phuong Thi Nguyen / Bach Xuan Tran / Lu Y Hwang / Christine M Markham / Michael D Swartz / Huong Thu Thi Phan / Vuong Minh Nong / Cuong Tat Nguyen / Anh Hue Nguyen / Carl A Latkin / Damon J Vidrine

    PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 2, p e

    2015  Volume 0118185

    Abstract: Background Cigarette smoking presents a salient risk for HIV-positive populations. This study is among the first to examine smoking prevalence, nicotine dependence, and associated factors in a large sample of HIV-positive patients receiving ... ...

    Abstract Background Cigarette smoking presents a salient risk for HIV-positive populations. This study is among the first to examine smoking prevalence, nicotine dependence, and associated factors in a large sample of HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Vietnam. Methods A cross-sectional study of 1133 HIV-positive people was conducted from January to September 2013 at 8 ART clinics in Hanoi (the capital) and Nam Dinh (a rural area). Smoking history and nicotine dependence (Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence-FTND) were assessed by participant self-report. Logistic regression and Tobit linear regression were performed to identify factors significantly associated with smoking outcomes. Results Prevalence of current, former, and never smokers in the sample was 36.1%, 9.5%, and 54.4%, respectively. The current smoking proportion was higher in males (59.7%) than females (2.6%). The mean FTND score was 3.6 (SD = 2.1). Males were more likely to currently smoke than females (OR = 23.4, 95% CI = 11.6-47.3). Individuals with problem drinking (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1-2.9) and ever drug use (OR = 3.7, 95%CI = 2.5-5.7) were more likely to be current smokers. Older age and currently feeling pain were associated with lower nicotine dependence. Conversely, receiving care in Nam Dinh, greater alcohol consumption, ever drug use, and a longer smoking duration were associated with greater nicotine dependence. Conclusions Given the high prevalence of smoking among HIV-positive patients, smoking screening and cessation support should be offered at ART clinics in Vietnam. Risk factors (i.e., substance use) linked with smoking behavior should be considered in prevention programs.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Mapping geographical inequalities in oral rehydration therapy coverage in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17

    Kirsten E Wiens / Paulina A Lindstedt / Brigette F Blacker / Kimberly B Johnson / Mathew M Baumann / Lauren E Schaeffer / Hedayat Abbastabar, Sr / Foad Abd-Allah / Ahmed Abdelalim / Ibrahim Abdollahpour / Kedir Hussein Abegaz / Ayenew Negesse Abejie / Lucas Guimarães Abreu / Michael R M Abrigo / Ahmed Abualhasan / Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi / Dilaram Acharya / Maryam Adabi / Abdu A Adamu /
    Oladimeji M Adebayo / Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin, Sr / Victor Adekanmbi / Olatunji O Adetokunboh, Sr / Beyene Meressa Adhena / Mohsen Afarideh / Sohail Ahmad / Keivan Ahmadi / Anwar E Ahmed / Muktar Beshir Ahmed / Rushdia Ahmed / Temesgen Yihunie Akalu / Fares Alahdab / Ziyad Al-Aly / Noore Alam, Sr / Samiah Alam / Genet Melak Alamene / Turki M Alanzi / Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal / Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali / Mehran Alijanzadeh / Vahid Alipour / Syed Mohamed Aljunid / Ali Almasi, Sr / Amir Almasi-Hashiani / Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi / Khalid A Altirkawi / Nelson Alvis-Guzman / Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk / Saeed Amini, Sr / Arianna Maever L Amit, Sr / Catalina Liliana Andrei, Sr / Mina Anjomshoa / Amir Anoushiravani, Sr / Fereshteh Ansari / Carl Abelardo T Antonio / Benny Antony / Ernoiz Antriyandarti / Jalal Arabloo / Hany Mohamed Amin Aref, Sr / Olatunde Aremu / Bahram Armoon / Amit Arora, Sr / Krishna K Aryal / Afsaneh Arzani / Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi / Hagos Tasew Atalay / Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Sr / Seyyede Masoume Athari / Sachin R Atre / Marcel Ausloos / Nefsu Awoke / Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla / Getinet Ayano / Martin Amogre Ayanore, Sr / Yared Asmare Aynalem IV / Samad Azari / Peter S Azzopardi / Ebrahim Babaee / Tesleem Kayode Babalola / Alaa Badawi, Sr / Mohan Bairwa / Shankar M Bakkannavar / Senthilkumar Balakrishnan / Ayele Geleto Bali / Maciej Banach, Sr / Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub, Sr / Aleksandra Barac / Till Winfried Bärnighausen / Huda Basaleem / Sanjay Basu / Vo Dinh Bay / Mohsen Bayati / Estifanos Baye / Neeraj Bedi / Mahya Mahya Beheshti Beheshti / Masoud Behzadifar / Meysam Behzadifar / Bayu Begashaw Bekele / Yaschilal Muche Belayneh / Michellr L Bell, Sr / Derrick A Bennett, Sr / Dessalegn Ajema Berbada / Robert S Bernstein / Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Sr / Krittika Bhattacharyya, Sr / Suraj Bhattarai / Soumyadeep Bhaumik / Zulfiqar A Bhutta / Ali Bijani / Boris Bikbov / Binyam Minuye Birihane IV / Raaj Kishore Biswas / Somayeh Bohlouli / Hunduma Amensisa Amensisa Bojia I / Soufiane Boufous / Oliver J Brady / Nicola Luigi Bragazzi / Andrey Nikolaevich Briko / Nikolay Ivanovich Briko / Gabrielle B Britton / Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Sr / Reinhard Busse, Sr / Zahid A Butt / Luis LA Alberto Cámera, Sr / Ismael R Campos-Nonato, Sr / Jorge Cano / Josip Car / Rosario Cárdenas / Felix Carvalho, Sr / Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Sr / Franz Castro / Wagaye Fentahun Chanie, Sr / Pranab Chatterjee / Vijay Kumar Chattu / Tesfaye Yitna Yitna Chichiabellu, Jr / Ken Lee Chin, Sr / Devasahayam J Christopher / Dinh-Toi Chu / Natalie Maria Cormier / Vera Marisa Costa / Carlos Culquichicon / Matiwos Soboka Daba / Giovanni Damiani, Sr / Lalit Dandona / Rakhi Dandona / Anh Kim Dang / Aso Mohammad Darwesh / Amira Hamed Darwish / Ahmad Daryani, Sr / Jai K Das / Rajat Das Gupta / Aditya Prasad Dash / Gail Davey / Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes / Adrian C Davis, Sr / Dragos Virgil Davitoiu / Fernando Pio De la Hoz / Asmamaw Bizuneh Demis / Dereje Bayissa Demissie / Getu Debalkie Demissie / Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Sr / Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Sr / Kebede Deribe, Sr / Assefa Desalew / Aniruddha Deshpande / Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne / Preeti Dhillon / Meghnath Dhimal / Govinda Prasad Dhungana / Daniel Diaz, Sr / Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu / Shirin Djalalinia / Kerrie E Doyle / Eleonora Dubljanin / Bereket Duko / Andre Rodrigues Duraes / Mohammad Ebrahimi Kalan / Hisham Atan Edinur, Sr / Andem Effiong, Sr / Aziz Eftekhari / Nevine El Nahas / Iman El Sayed / Maysaa El Sayed Zaki / Maha El Tantawi / Teshome Bekele Elema I / Hala Rashad Elhabashy, Sr / Shaimaa I El-Jaafary / Hajer Elkout / Aisha Elsharkawy / Iqbal RF Elyazar / Aklilu Endalamaw / Daniel Adane Endalew, Sr / Sharareh Eskandarieh / Alireza Esteghamati / Sadaf Esteghamati, Sr / Arash Etemadi / Oluchi Ezekannagha / Mohammad Fareed / Roghiyeh Faridnia / Farshad Farzadfar / Mehdi Fazlzadeh / Valery L Feigin, Sr / Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad / Eduarda Fernandes / Irina Filip / Florian Fischer / Nataliya A Foigt / Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Sr / Masoud Foroutan / Richard Charles Franklin / Takeshi Fukumoto / Mohamed M Gad / Reta Tsegaye Gayesa / Teshome Gebre, Sr / Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin / Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel, Sr / Hailay Abrha Gesesew / Kebede Embaye Gezae / Keyghobad Ghadiri, Sr / Ahmad Ghashghaee / Pramesh Raj Ghimire, Sr / Paramjit Singh Gill, Sr / Tiffany K Gill / Themba G G Ginindza / Nelson G M Gomes / Sameer Vali Gopalani / Alessandra C Goulart / Bárbara Niegia Garcia Goulart / Ayman Grada / Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari / Harish Chander Gugnani, Sr / Davide Guido / Rafael Alves Guimarães / Yuming Guo, Sr / Rajeev Gupta / Nima Hafezi-Nejad / Dessalegn H Haile, Sr / Gessessew Bugssa Hailu / Arvin Haj-Mirzaian / Arya Haj-Mirzaian / Randah R Hamadeh / Samer Hamidi / Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso / Hamidreza Haririan, Sr / Ninuk Hariyani / Ahmed I Hasaballah / Md Mehedi Hasan / Edris Hasanpoor / Amir Hasanzadeh / Hadi Hassankhani / Hamid Yimam Hassen / Mohamed I Hegazy / Behzad Heibati / Behnam Heidari / Delia Hendrie, Sr / Nathaniel J Henry / Claudiu Herteliu / Fatemeh Heydarpour / Hagos Degefa de Hidru I / Thomas R Hird / Chi Linh Hoang / Enayatollah Homaie Rad / Praveen Hoogar / Mohammad Hoseini / Naznin Hossain / Mostafa Hosseini / Mehdi Hosseinzadeh / Mowafa Househ / Mohamed Hsairi, Sr / Guoqing Hu / Mohammedaman Mama Hussen / Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye / Ehimario U Igumbor, Sr / Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi / Milena D Ilic / Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab / Usman Iqbal / Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani / Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam / Chinwe Juliana Iwu / Neda Izadi, Sr / Anelisa Jaca / Nader Jahanmehr / Mihajlo Jakovljevic / Amir Jalali / Achala Upendra Jayatilleke / Ravi Prakash Jha / Vivekanand Jha / John S Ji, Sr / Jost B Jonas / Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak / Ali Kabir / Zubair Kabir, Sr / Amaha Kahsay / Hamed Kalani / Tanuj Kanchan / Behzad Karami Matin / André Karch / Mohd Anisul Karim / Hamidreza Karimi-Sari / Surendra Karki / Amir Kasaeian / Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun / Yawukal chane Kasahun / Habtamu Kebebe Kasaye / Gebrehiwot G Kassa / Getachew Mullu Kassa / Gbenga A Kayode / Ali Kazemi Karyani / Mihiretu M Kebede / Peter Njenga Keiyoro / Abraham Getachew Kelbore, Sr / Andre Pascal Kengne, Sr / Daniel Bekele Ketema / Yousef Saleh Khader / Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie / Nauman Khalid / Rovshan Khalilov / Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Sr / Junaid Khan / Md Nuruzzaman Khan I / Muhammad Shahzeb Khan / Khaled Khatab, Sr / Amir M Khater / Mona M Khater / Maryam Khayamzadeh / Mohammad Khazaei / Salman Khazaei / Mohammad Hossein Khosravi / Jagdish Khubchandani / Ali Kiadaliri / Yun Jin Kim / Ruth W Kimokoti / Adnan Kisa / Sezer Kisa / Niranjan Kissoon, Sr / Shivakumar KM Marulasiddaiah M KMShivakumar, Sr / Sonali Kochhar / Tufa Kolola, Sr / Hamidreza Komaki / Soewarta Kosen / Parvaiz A Koul / Ai Koyanagi / Moritz U G Kraemer / Kewal Krishan / Nuworza Kugbey / G Anil Kumar / Manasi Kumar, Sr / Pushpendra Kumar / Vivek Kumar / Dian Kusuma / Carlo La Vecchia / Ben Lacey / Sheetal D Lad / Dharmesh Kumar Lal / Felix Lam / Faris Hasan Lami, Sr / Prabhat Lamichhane / Van Charles Lansingh / Savita Lasrado / Avula Laxmaiah / Paul H Lee, Sr / Kate E LeGrand / Mostafa Leili / Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo / Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Sr / Aubrey J Levine / Shanshan Li, Sr / Shai Linn / Shiwei Liu / Simin Liu / Rakesh Lodha / Joshua Longbottom / Jaifred Christian F Lopez / Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek / Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek / D R Mahadeshwara Prasad / Phetole Walter Mahasha, Sr / Narayan B Mahotra / Azeem Majeed / Reza Malekzadeh, Sr / Deborah Carvalho Malta / Abdullah A Mamun, Sr / Navid Manafi, Sr / Ana Laura Manda / Narendar Dawani Dawanu Manohar / Mohammad Ali Mansournia / Chabila Christopher Mapoma / Joemer C Maravilla / Gabriel Martinez, Sr / Santi Martini / Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo / Anthony Masaka / Benjamin Ballard Massenburg / Manu Raj Mathur / Benjamin K Mayala / Mohsen Mazidi / Colm McAlinden / Birhanu Geta Meharie / Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Sr / Kala M Mehta / Tefera C Chane Mekonnen / Gebrekiros Gebremichael Meles / Peter T N Memiah / Ziad A Memish, Sr / Walter Mendoza / Ritesh G Menezes / Seid Tiku Mereta / Tuomo J Meretoja, Sr / Tomislav Mestrovic / Bartosz Miazgowski / Kebadnew Mulatu Mihretie, Sr / Ted R Miller / GK Mini / Erkin M Mirrakhimov / Babak Moazen / Bahram Mohajer / Amjad Mohamadi-Bolbanabad / Dara K Mohammad / Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad / Yousef Mohammad / Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji / Roghayeh Mohammadibakhsh / Noushin Mohammadifard / Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Sr / Shafiu Mohammed / Farnam Mohebi / Ali H Mokdad / Mariam Molokhia / Lorenzo Monasta / Yoshan Moodley, Sr / Catrin E Moore, Sr / Ghobad Moradi / Masoud Moradi / Mohammad Moradi-Joo / Maziar Moradi-Lakeh / Paula Moraga / Linda Morales / Ilais Moreno Velásquez / Abbas Mosapour / Simin Mouodi / Seyyed Meysam Mousavi / Miliva Mozaffor I / Kindie Fentahun Muchie, Sr / Getahun Fentaw Mulaw, Sr / Sandra B Munro / Moses K Muriithi / Christopher J L Murray / GVS Murthy / Kamarul Imran Musa / Ghulam Mustafa, Sr / Saravanan Muthupandian, Sr / Ashraf F Nabhan / Mehdi Naderi / Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan / Kovin S Naidoo / Gurudatta Naik / Farid Najafi / Vinay Nangia, Sr / Jobert Richie Nansseu / Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Sr / Javad Nazari / Duduzile Edith Ndwandwe, Sr / Ionut Negoi, Sr / Henok Biresaw Netsere Netsere, Sr / Josephine W Ngunjiri, Sr / Cuong Tat Nguyen / Huong Lan Thi Nguyen / Trang Huyen Nguyen / Dabere Nigatu / Solomon Gedlu Nigatu / Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum / Chukwudi A Nnaji / Marzieh Nojomi / Vuong Minh Nong / Ole F Norheim, Sr / Jean Jacques Noubiap / Soraya Nouraei Motlagh / Bogdan Oancea / Okechukwu Samuel Ogah / Felix Akpojene Ogbo / In-Hwan Oh / Andrew T Olagunju / Tinuke O Olagunju / Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya / Jacob Olusegun Olusanya / Obinna E Onwujekwe, Sr / Eyal Oren / Doris V V Ortega-Altamirano, Sr / Osayomwanbo Osarenotor / Frank B Osei, Sr / Mayowa O Owolabi / Mahesh P A, Sr / Jagadish Rao Padubidri / Smita Pakhale / Sangram Kishor Patel / Angel J Paternina-Caicedo, Sr / Ashish Pathak, Sr / George C Patton / Deepak Paudel, Sr / Kebreab Paulos, Sr / Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito / Alexandre Pereira / Norberto Perico / Aslam Pervaiz / Julia Moreira Pescarini / Bakhtiar Piroozi / Meghdad Pirsaheb / Maarten J Postma / Hadi Pourjafar / Farshad Pourmalek, Sr / Akram Pourshams / Hossein Poustchi / Sergio I Prada, Sr / Narayan Prasad / Liliana Preotescu / Hedley Quintana / Navid Rabiee / Amir Radfar / Alireza Rafiei / Fakher Rahim / Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar / Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar / Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman / Muhammad Aziz Rahman / SHAFIUR Rahman / Fatemeh Rajati, Sr / Saleem Muhammad Rana, Sr / Chhabi Lal Ranabhat / Davide Rasella / David Laith Rawaf / Salman Rawaf, Sr / Lal Rawal / Wasiq Faraz Rawasia / Vishnu Renjith / Andre M N Renzaho, Sr / Serge Resnikoff, Sr / Melese Abate Reta / Negar Rezaei / Mohammad sadegh Rezai / Seyed Mohammad Riahi / Ana Isabel Ribeiro / Jennifer Rickard, Sr / Maria Rios-Blancas / Leonardo Roever / Luca Ronfani / Elias Merdassa Roro, Sr / Jennifer M Ross / Enrico Rubagotti / Salvatore Rubino / Anas M Saad / Yogesh Damodar Sabde / Siamak Sabour / Ehsan Sadeghi, Sr / Yahya Safari / Roya Safari-Faramani / Rajesh Sagar / Amirhossein Sahebkar / Mohammad Ali Sahraian / S Mohammad Sajadi / Mohammad Reza Salahshoor / Nasir Salam, Sr / Payman Salamati / Hosni Salem / Marwa R Rashad Salem I / Yahya Salimi / Hamideh Salimzadeh / Abdallah M Samy / Juan Sanabria, Sr / Milena M Santric-Milicevic / Bruno Piassi Sao Jose / Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy / Kaushik Sarkar, Sr / Abdur Razzaque Sarker / Nizal Sarrafzadegan I / Benn Sartorius / Brijesh Sathian / Thirunavukkarasu Sathish / Monika Sawhney / Sonia Saxena, Sr / David C Schwebel, Sr / Anbissa Muleta Senbeta IV / Subramanian Senthilkumaran / Sadaf G Sepanlou / Edson Serván-Mori, Sr / Hosein Shabaninejad / Azadeh Shafieesabet, Sr / Masood Ali Shaikh / Ali S Shalash, Sr / Seifadin Ahmed Shallo / Mehran Shams-Beyranvand / MohammadBagher Shamsi / Morteza Shamsizadeh / Mohammed Shannawaz / Kiomars Sharafi / Hamid Sharifi / Hatem Samir Shehata, Sr / Aziz Sheikh / B Suresh Kumar Shetty, Sr / Kenji Shibuya, Sr / Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Sr / Desalegn Markos Shifti / Mika Shigematsu / Jae Il Shin / Rahman Shiri, Sr / Reza Shirkoohi / Soraya Siabani / Tariq Jamal Siddiqi / Diego Augusto Santos Silva / Ambrish Singh / Jasvinder A Singh / Narinder Pal Singh / Virendra Singh / Malede Mequanent Sisay / Eirini Skiadaresi / Mohammad Reza Sobhiyeh, Sr / Anton Sokhan / Shahin Soltani / Ranjani Somayaji / Moslem Soofi / Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Sr / Ireneous N Soyiri / Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy / Agus Sudaryanto / Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Sr / Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria / Marufa Sultana / Bruno Fokas Sunguya / Bryan L Sykes / Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos / Takahiro Tabuchi / Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Jr / 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    The Lancet Global Health, Vol 8, Iss 8, Pp e1038-e

    2020  Volume 1060

    Abstract: Summary: Background: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is a form of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for diarrhoea that has the potential to drastically reduce child mortality; yet, according to UNICEF estimates, less than half of children younger than 5 ... ...

    Abstract Summary: Background: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is a form of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for diarrhoea that has the potential to drastically reduce child mortality; yet, according to UNICEF estimates, less than half of children younger than 5 years with diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) received ORS in 2016. A variety of recommended home fluids (RHF) exist as alternative forms of ORT; however, it is unclear whether RHF prevent child mortality. Previous studies have shown considerable variation between countries in ORS and RHF use, but subnational variation is unknown. This study aims to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of relative and absolute coverage of ORS, RHF, and ORT (use of either ORS or RHF) in LMICs. Methods: We used a Bayesian geostatistical model including 15 spatial covariates and data from 385 household surveys across 94 LMICs to estimate annual proportions of children younger than 5 years of age with diarrhoea who received ORS or RHF (or both) on continuous continent-wide surfaces in 2000–17, and aggregated results to policy-relevant administrative units. Additionally, we analysed geographical inequality in coverage across administrative units and estimated the number of diarrhoeal deaths averted by increased coverage over the study period. Uncertainty in the mean coverage estimates was calculated by taking 250 draws from the posterior joint distribution of the model and creating uncertainty intervals (UIs) with the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles of those 250 draws. Findings: While ORS use among children with diarrhoea increased in some countries from 2000 to 2017, coverage remained below 50% in the majority (62·6%; 12 417 of 19 823) of second administrative-level units and an estimated 6 519 000 children (95% UI 5 254 000–7 733 000) with diarrhoea were not treated with any form of ORT in 2017. Increases in ORS use corresponded with declines in RHF in many locations, resulting in relatively constant overall ORT coverage from 2000 to 2017. Although ORS was uniformly distributed subnationally in some countries, within-country geographical inequalities persisted in others; 11 countries had at least a 50% difference in one of their units compared with the country mean. Increases in ORS use over time were correlated with declines in RHF use and in diarrhoeal mortality in many locations, and an estimated 52 230 diarrhoeal deaths (36 910–68 860) were averted by scaling up of ORS coverage between 2000 and 2017. Finally, we identified key subnational areas in Colombia, Nigeria, and Sudan as examples of where diarrhoeal mortality remains higher than average, while ORS coverage remains lower than average. Interpretation: To our knowledge, this study is the first to produce and map subnational estimates of ORS, RHF, and ORT coverage and attributable child diarrhoeal deaths across LMICs from 2000 to 2017, allowing for tracking progress over time. Our novel results, combined with detailed subnational estimates of diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality, can support subnational needs assessments aimed at furthering policy makers' understanding of within-country disparities. Over 50 years after the discovery that led to this simple, cheap, and life-saving therapy, large gains in reducing mortality could still be made by reducing geographical inequalities in ORS coverage. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
    Keywords Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 310
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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