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  1. Article ; Online: Development and Validation of Gene-Based SSR Markers in the Genus Mesembryanthemum

    Muhanad Akash / Safwan Shiyab / Mohammed Saleh / Shireen M. Hasan / Mahmoud AbuHussein / Wajdy Al-Awaida

    Scientifica, Vol

    2023  Volume 2023

    Abstract: Bioinformatics tools have been employed for the direct development of gene-based simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Through the analysis of 28,056 Mesembryanthemum expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences, a total of 5,851 ESTs containing SSRs were ... ...

    Abstract Bioinformatics tools have been employed for the direct development of gene-based simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Through the analysis of 28,056 Mesembryanthemum expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences, a total of 5,851 ESTs containing SSRs were identified, amounting to approximately 17.07 Mb. Among these, 938 EST sequences harbored more than one SSR marker, and 788 EST-SSR sequences were found in compound form. The most prevalent types of SSR motifs were mononucleotide repeats (MNRs), accounting for 44%, followed by di-nucleotide repeats (DNRs) at 37%, and trinucleotide repeats (TNRs) at 16%. Notably, TNR or longer SSR motifs primarily consisted of shorter repeat lengths, with only 51 motifs containing 10 or more repeats. The BLASTX analysis successfully assigned functions to 4,623 (79%) of the EST sequences. Among the developed primer sets, 21 primers amplified a total of 65 alleles, with primer PMA79 EST-SSR exhibiting the maximum of six alleles. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0 to 0.76, with a mean of 0.47. The marker index (MI) and discriminating power (D) values reached 0.66 (primer PMA63) and 0.95 (primer PMA20), respectively. Utilizing the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), a dendrogram was constructed, successfully segregating the 24 Mesembryanthemum genotypes into three distinct clusters, with a similarity coefficient ranging from 0.96 to 0.38. In this study, we have developed a total of 83 EST-SSR primer pairs specific to the Mesembryanthemum genus. These newly developed EST-SSRs will serve as valuable tools for researchers, particularly molecular breeders, enabling gene-based identification and trait selection through marker-assisted breeding approaches.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Structural characterization of rat ventricular tissue exposed to the smoke of two types of waterpipe

    Wajdy Al-Awaida / Hossam Najjar / Ziad Shraideh

    Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Vol 18, Iss 10, Pp 942-

    2015  Volume 949

    Abstract: Objective(s):this study focused on the effect of waterpipe smoke exposure toxicity on the structure of albino rat’s ventricular tissue and their recovery. Materials and Methods: Albino rats were divided into three groups: control, flavored, and ... ...

    Abstract Objective(s):this study focused on the effect of waterpipe smoke exposure toxicity on the structure of albino rat’s ventricular tissue and their recovery. Materials and Methods: Albino rats were divided into three groups: control, flavored, and unflavored. The control group was exposed to normal air while the flavored and unflavored groups were exposed to waterpipe smoke for a period of 90 days. Each group was followed by a period of 90 days of fresh air exposure. Following each period, the ventricular tissue was removed for biochemical and histopathological studies. Results:The ventricular tissues of waterpipe exposed rats showed some degree of separation between cardiac muscle fibers, infiltration of lymphocytes, and congestion of blood vessel. Also, thin cross sections of ventricular cells revealed pleomorphic mitochondria with partially disrupted cristae, partial disruption of the myofibrils, and deposited toxic materials. The unflavored waterpipe has more deleterious effects on heart ventricular tissues than the flavored one. Waterpipe smoke didn't induce apoptosis in the ventricular tissue. We also found very high levels of plasma thiocyanate after exposure to smoke in the flavored and unflavored groups, while the control group showed no increase. After the recovery period, those tissues showed partial recovery. Conclusion: Waterpipe smoke induces structural changes in the heart ventricle tissues, causing a negative impact on the capacity of the cardiac muscle for pumping blood and may lead to heart attack due to accumulation of free radicals and tissue inflammation. Cessation of smoking is important in returning most of these changes to their normal structure.
    Keywords Apoptosis ; Thiocyanate level ; Ultrastractural changes ; Ventricular cell ; Ventricular tissue ; Waterpipe smoke ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Analgesics Induce Alterations in the Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry and Arachidonic-Acid-Metabolizing Genes in the Mouse Lungs

    Fatima Khirfan / Yazun Jarrar / Tariq Al-Qirim / Khang Wen Goh / Qais Jarrar / Chrismawan Ardianto / Mohammad Awad / Hamzeh J. Al-Ameer / Wajdy Al-Awaida / Said Moshawih / Long Chiau Ming

    Pharmaceuticals, Vol 15, Iss 696, p

    2022  Volume 696

    Abstract: Paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely used in the management of respiratory viral infections. This study aimed to determine the effects of the most commonly used analgesics (paracetamol, ibuprofen, and diclofenac) on the mRNA ... ...

    Abstract Paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely used in the management of respiratory viral infections. This study aimed to determine the effects of the most commonly used analgesics (paracetamol, ibuprofen, and diclofenac) on the mRNA expression of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) entry and arachidonic-acid-metabolizing genes in mouse lungs. A total of twenty eight Balb/c mice were divided into four groups and treated separately with vehicle, paracetamol, ibuprofen, and diclofenac in clinically equivalent doses for 14 days. Then, the expressions of SARS-CoV-2 entry, ACE2 , TMPRSS2 , and Ctsl genes, in addition to the arachidonic-acid-metabolizing cyp450 , cox , and alox genes, were analyzed using real-time PCR. Paracetamol increased the expressions of TMPRSS2 and Ctsl genes by 8.5 and 5.6 folds, respectively, while ibuprofen and diclofenac significantly decreased the expression of the ACE2 gene by more than 2.5 folds. In addition, all tested drugs downregulated ( p < 0.05) cox2 gene expression, and paracetamol reduced the mRNA levels of cyp4a12 and 2j5 . These molecular alterations in diclofenac and ibuprofen were associated with pathohistological alterations, where both analgesics induced the infiltration of inflammatory cells and airway wall thickening. It is concluded that analgesics such as paracetamol, ibuprofen, and diclofenac alter the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry and arachidonic-acid-metabolizing genes in mouse lungs.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; lung disease ; chronic respiratory disease ; acute respiratory distress syndrome ; gene expression ; Medicine ; R ; Pharmacy and materia medica ; RS1-441
    Subject code 572
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Association of KDR rs1870377 genotype with clopidogrel resistance in patients with post percutaneous coronary intervention

    Wajdy Al Awaida / Ali A. Ahmed / Asia Ali Hamza / Khalid I. Amber / Hamzeh J. Al-Ameer / Yazun Jarrar / Ghizal Fatima / Ahmed O. Maslat / Yulia Gushchina / Omar Al bawareed / Najah R. Hadi

    Heliyon, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp e06251- (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: Background: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet therapy that is widely used in pre and post percutaneous (PCI) coronary intervention procedures to prevent platelet aggregation and stent restenosis. However, there is a wide inter-individual variation in ... ...

    Abstract Background: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet therapy that is widely used in pre and post percutaneous (PCI) coronary intervention procedures to prevent platelet aggregation and stent restenosis. However, there is a wide inter-individual variation in clopidogrel response and some patients showed resistance against the activity of Clopidogrel. Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) gene is responsible for the transcription of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) that plays a major role in the cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and platelet aggregation. The aim of this study was to find out the association of KDR rs1870377 genotype with clopidogrel resistance (CR) in CVD patients, of Iraqi Arabic origin, hospitalized for elective PCI. Materials and methods: This study was a case-control study with a total of 324 PCI patients. Those patients were classified into 213 patients with non-clopidogrel resistant and 111 patients with CR, depending on the analysis of platelet activity phenotype after clopidogrel administration. KDR rs1870377 was genotyped for all patients using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique and confirmed by DNA Sänger sequencing through applying Biosystems Model (ABI3730x1). Results: KDR rs1870377 SNP is strongly associated (Chi-sqaure, p vale <0.05) with CR under dominant, co-dominant and recessive models. Additionally, A allele in the rs1870377 SNP may have an impact on the serum levels of VEGFR2 and low density lipoprotein. Conclusions: KDR rs1870377 SNP is a potential genetic biomarker of CR among CVD patients of Iraqi Arabic origin. Further clinical studies, with larger sample, are required to confirm the findings of this study.
    Keywords KDR ; Clopidogrel resistance ; VEGFR2 ; Post percutaneous coronary intervention ; SNP ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Chinese green tea consumption reduces oxidative stress, inflammation and tissues damage in smoke exposed rats

    Wajdy Al-Awaida / Muhanad Akash / Zaid Aburubaiha / Wamidh H. Talib / Hayel Shehadeh

    Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Vol 17, Iss 10, Pp 740-

    2014  Volume 746

    Abstract: Objective(s):One cause of cigarette smoking is oxidative stress that may alter the cellular antioxidant defense system, induce apoptosis in lung tissue, inflammation and damage in liver, lung, and kidney. It has been shown that Chinese green tea (CGT) ( ... ...

    Abstract Objective(s):One cause of cigarette smoking is oxidative stress that may alter the cellular antioxidant defense system, induce apoptosis in lung tissue, inflammation and damage in liver, lung, and kidney. It has been shown that Chinese green tea (CGT) (Lung Chen Tea) has higher antioxidant property than black tea. In this paper, we will explore the preventive effect of CGT on cigarette smoke-induced oxidative damage, apoptosis and tissues inflammation in albino rat model. Materials and Methods: Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups, i.e. sham air (SA), cigarette smoke (CS), CGT 2% plus SA or plus CS. The exposure to smoking was carried out as a single daily dose (1 cigarette/rat) for a period of 90 days using an electronically controlled smoking machine. Sham control albino rats were exposed to air instead of cigarette smoke. Tissues were collected 24 hr after last CS exposure for histology and all enzyme assays. Apoptosis was evidenced by the fragmentation of DNA using TUNEL assay. Results:Long-term administration of cigarette smoke altered the cellular antioxidant defense system, induced apoptosis in lung tissue, inflammation and damage in liver, lung, and kidney. All these pathophysiological and biochemical events were significantly improved when the cigarette smoke-exposed albino rats were given CGT infusion as a drink instead of water. Conclusion: Exposure of albino rat model to cigarette smoke caused oxidative stress, altered the cellular antioxidant defense system, induced apoptosis in lung tissue, inflammation and tissues damage, which could be prevented by supplementation of CGT.
    Keywords Antioxidant enzymes Apoptosis Chinese green tea (CGT) (Lung Chen) Cigarette smoke Oxidative stress Inflammation ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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