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  1. Article: Metallic and Ceramic Materials Integrity-Surface Engineering for Wear, Corrosion and Erosion Prevention.

    Szala, Mirosław / Walczak, Mariusz

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 7

    Abstract: The literature systematically describes the wear behavior and phenomena responsible for the degradation resistance of materials [ ... ]. ...

    Abstract The literature systematically describes the wear behavior and phenomena responsible for the degradation resistance of materials [...].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma17071541
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  2. Article: Effects of Shot Peening and Electropolishing Treatment on the Properties of Additively and Conventionally Manufactured Ti6Al4V Alloy: A Review.

    Okuniewski, Wojciech / Walczak, Mariusz / Szala, Mirosław

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 4

    Abstract: This literature review indicates that the basic microstructure of Ti6Al4V is bimodal, consisting of two phases, namely α + β, and it occurs after fabrication using conventional methods such as casting, plastic forming or machining processes. The ... ...

    Abstract This literature review indicates that the basic microstructure of Ti6Al4V is bimodal, consisting of two phases, namely α + β, and it occurs after fabrication using conventional methods such as casting, plastic forming or machining processes. The fabrication of components via an additive manufacturing process significantly changes the microstructure and properties of Ti6Al4V. Due to the rapid heat exchange during heat treatment, the bimodal microstructure transforms into a lamellar microstructure, which consists of two phases: α' + β. Despite the application of optimum printing parameters, 3D printed products exhibit typical surface defects and discontinuities, and in turn, surface finishing using shot peening is recommended. A literature review signalizes that shot peening and electropolishing processes positively impact the corrosion behavior, the mechanical properties and the condition of the surface layer of conventionally manufactured titanium alloy. On the other hand, there is a lack of studies combining shot peening and electropolishing in one hybrid process for additively manufactured titanium alloys, which could synthesize the benefits of both processes. Therefore, this review paper clarifies the effects of shot peening and electropolishing treatment on the properties of both additively and conventionally manufactured Ti6Al4V alloys and shows the effect process on the microstructure and properties of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma17040934
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  3. Article ; Online: Brain state-dependent responses of midbrain dopaminergic neurons to footshock under urethane anaesthesia.

    Izowit, Gabriela / Walczak, Magdalena / Drwięga, Gniewosz / Solecki, Wojciech / Błasiak, Tomasz

    The European journal of neuroscience

    2024  Volume 59, Issue 7, Page(s) 1536–1557

    Abstract: For a long time, it has been assumed that dopaminergic (DA) neurons in both the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) uniformly respond to rewarding and aversive stimuli by either increasing or decreasing their ... ...

    Abstract For a long time, it has been assumed that dopaminergic (DA) neurons in both the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) uniformly respond to rewarding and aversive stimuli by either increasing or decreasing their activity, respectively. This response was believed to signal information about the perceived stimuli's values. The identification of VTA&SNc DA neurons that are excited by both rewarding and aversive stimuli has led to the categorisation of VTA&SNc DA neurons into two subpopulations: one signalling the value and the other signalling the salience of the stimuli. It has been shown that the general state of the brain can modulate the electrical activity of VTA&SNc DA neurons, but it remains unknown whether this factor may also influence responses to aversive stimuli, such as a footshock (FS). To address this question, we have recorded the responses of VTA&SNc DA neurons to FSs across cortical activation and slow wave activity brain states in urethane-anaesthetised rats. Adding to the knowledge of aversion signalling by midbrain DA neurons, we report that significant proportion of VTA&SNc DA neurons can change their responses to an aversive stimulus in a brain state-dependent manner. The majority of these neurons decreased their activity in response to FS during cortical activation but switched to increasing it during slow wave activity. It can be hypothesised that this subpopulation of DA neurons may be involved in the 'dual signalling' of both the value and the salience of the stimuli, depending on the general state of the brain.
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Animals ; Dopaminergic Neurons ; Urethane/pharmacology ; Substantia Nigra/physiology ; Mesencephalon ; Ventral Tegmental Area/physiology ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Anesthesia
    Chemical Substances Urethane (3IN71E75Z5) ; Anesthetics, Intravenous
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-17
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645180-9
    ISSN 1460-9568 ; 0953-816X
    ISSN (online) 1460-9568
    ISSN 0953-816X
    DOI 10.1111/ejn.16252
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  4. Article ; Online: Hope for success as a mediator between Big Five personality traits and achievement goal orientation among high performance and recreational athletes.

    Tomczak, Maciej / Kleka, Paweł / Tomczak-Łukaszewska, Ewa / Walczak, Małgorzata

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e0288859

    Abstract: The main objective of this study was to determine whether hope for success mediates the relationship between personality and goal orientation in high performance and recreational athletes. The cross-sectional study included 289 high performance and ... ...

    Abstract The main objective of this study was to determine whether hope for success mediates the relationship between personality and goal orientation in high performance and recreational athletes. The cross-sectional study included 289 high performance and recreational athletes of various sports (age: M = 20.34, SD = 1.86). To examine personality, we used the Big Five IPIP-BFM-20 questionnaire. To assess hope for success, we used the Hope for Success Questionnaire. The Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) was employed to examine goal orientation. Hope for success significantly mediates the relationships between conscientiousness, extraversion, emotional stability, intellect, and task goal orientation in sport. Higher levels of these personality traits are related to athletes' higher hope for success, which, in turn, is positively related to their task orientation. Personality traits may underpin the hope for success that develops from childhood. This, in turn, appears to be an important component on which, combined with the positive interaction and support from coaches, a task goal orientation beneficial to sport can be shaped in athletes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Goals ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Motivation ; Achievement ; Athletes/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0288859
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  5. Article: Shot Peening Effect on Sliding Wear in 0.9% NaCl of Additively Manufactured 17-4PH Steel.

    Walczak, Mariusz / Świetlicki, Aleksander / Szala, Mirosław / Turek, Marcin / Chocyk, Dariusz

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 17, Issue 6

    Abstract: The growing demand for modern steels showing corrosion and tribological resistance has led to their increased use in the production of medical devices. This study analyzed the effect of shot peening on wear resistance in 0.9% NaCl solution of 17-4PH ... ...

    Abstract The growing demand for modern steels showing corrosion and tribological resistance has led to their increased use in the production of medical devices. This study analyzed the effect of shot peening on wear resistance in 0.9% NaCl solution of 17-4PH steel produced by direct laser metal sintering (DMLS) technology. The study's novelty relies on revealing the effect of shot peening (SP) surface treatment on the wet sliding wear resistance of 17-4PH steel produced with DMLS. Moreover, in the context of 17-4PH steel application for medical devices, the 0.9% NaCl tribological environment were selected, and SP processes were conducted using steel CrNi shot and ceramic (ZrO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma17061383
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  6. Article: A Study on Byproducts in the High-Pressure Melamine Production Process.

    Walczak, Michał / Lemanowicz, Marcin / Dziuba, Krzysztof / Kubica, Robert

    Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 17

    Abstract: The industrial production of melamine is carried out by the thermal decomposition of urea in two technological processes, using high or low pressure. The reaction may be accompanied by the formation of undesirable byproducts, oxoaminotriazines, and so- ... ...

    Abstract The industrial production of melamine is carried out by the thermal decomposition of urea in two technological processes, using high or low pressure. The reaction may be accompanied by the formation of undesirable byproducts, oxoaminotriazines, and so-called polycondensates, mainly melam, melem, and melon, as well as their hydrates and adducts. Their presence leads to the deterioration of the quality of the final product and may lead to the release of troublesome deposits inside the apparatus of the product's separation node. With the limited possibility of controlling the crystallization of the byproducts of the process, improving the technological process requires the precise determination of the composition of the separated insoluble reaction byproducts, which is the main objective of this work. This work presents the results of qualitative and quantitative analyses of the composition of deposits sampled in the technological process of melamine production. The full characterization of the deposits was performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) techniques. The elemental analysis (EA) of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen allowed us to obtain characteristic C/H, C/N, and H/N ratios. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy were also performed to confirm the obtained data. In addition, the morphology of the solid byproducts of the reaction was investigated, and the characteristics of the structures were determined using a scanning electron microscope. The elemental composition was investigated using scanning electron microscopy and the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) technique. The key finding of this research is that about 95% of the deposits are a mixture of melem and melem hydrate. The soluble part of the deposits contains melamine, urea, and oxyaminotriazines, as well as trace inorganic impurities.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2487261-1
    ISSN 1996-1944
    ISSN 1996-1944
    DOI 10.3390/ma16175795
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  7. Article ; Online: Calibrated simplex-mapping classification.

    Heese, Raoul / Schmid, Jochen / Walczak, Michał / Bortz, Michael

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) e0279876

    Abstract: We propose a novel methodology for general multi-class classification in arbitrary feature spaces, which results in a potentially well-calibrated classifier. Calibrated classifiers are important in many applications because, in addition to the prediction ...

    Abstract We propose a novel methodology for general multi-class classification in arbitrary feature spaces, which results in a potentially well-calibrated classifier. Calibrated classifiers are important in many applications because, in addition to the prediction of mere class labels, they also yield a confidence level for each of their predictions. In essence, the training of our classifier proceeds in two steps. In a first step, the training data is represented in a latent space whose geometry is induced by a regular (n - 1)-dimensional simplex, n being the number of classes. We design this representation in such a way that it well reflects the feature space distances of the datapoints to their own- and foreign-class neighbors. In a second step, the latent space representation of the training data is extended to the whole feature space by fitting a regression model to the transformed data. With this latent-space representation, our calibrated classifier is readily defined. We rigorously establish its core theoretical properties and benchmark its prediction and calibration properties by means of various synthetic and real-world data sets from different application domains.
    MeSH term(s) Calibration ; Datasets as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0279876
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  8. Article ; Online: New species of genus Brixia Stl, 1856 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from Madagascar.

    Walczak, Marcin / Gbicki, Cezary / Junkiert, Ukasz / Taszakowski, Artur

    Zootaxa

    2023  Volume 5382, Issue 1, Page(s) 126–138

    Abstract: A new species of the genus Brixia Stl, 1856 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from Madagascar is described: B. herczeki Walczak, Gbicki et Junkiert sp. nov. A detailed description of the body morphology (including a description of female genitalia) is ...

    Abstract A new species of the genus Brixia Stl, 1856 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from Madagascar is described: B. herczeki Walczak, Gbicki et Junkiert sp. nov. A detailed description of the body morphology (including a description of female genitalia) is provided. Illustrations of genital structures, as well as SEM micrographs, are presented. Additionally, short descriptions of other Brixia species from Madagascar are presented with notes on their biology and ecology.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Animals ; Hemiptera ; Madagascar ; Crustacea ; Microscopy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-07
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1175-5334
    ISSN (online) 1175-5334
    DOI 10.11646/zootaxa.5382.1.14
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  9. Article ; Online: African Swine Fever: Transmission, Spread, and Control through Biosecurity and Disinfection, Including Polish Trends.

    Juszkiewicz, Małgorzata / Walczak, Marek / Woźniakowski, Grzegorz / Podgórska, Katarzyna

    Viruses

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 11

    Abstract: African swine fever is a contagious disease, affecting pigs and wild boars, which poses a major threat to the pig industry worldwide and, therefore, to the agricultural economies of many countries. Despite intensive studies, an effective vaccine against ... ...

    Abstract African swine fever is a contagious disease, affecting pigs and wild boars, which poses a major threat to the pig industry worldwide and, therefore, to the agricultural economies of many countries. Despite intensive studies, an effective vaccine against the disease has not yet been developed. Since 2007, ASFV has been circulating in Eastern and Central Europe, covering an increasingly large area. As of 2018, the disease is additionally spreading at an unprecedented scale in Southeast Asia, nearly ruining China's pig-producing sector and generating economic losses of approximately USD 111.2 billion in 2019. ASFV's high resistance to environmental conditions, together with the lack of an approved vaccine, plays a key role in the spread of the disease. Therefore, the biosecurity and disinfection of pig farms are the only effective tools through which to prevent ASFV from entering the farms. The selection of a disinfectant, with research-proven efficacy and proper use, taking into account environmental conditions, exposure time, pH range, and temperature, plays a crucial role in the disinfection process. Despite the significant importance of ASF epizootics, little information is available on the effectiveness of different disinfectants against ASFV. In this review, we have compiled the current knowledge on the transmission, spread, and control of ASF using the principles of biosecurity, with particular attention to disinfection, including a perspective based on Polish experience with ASF control.
    MeSH term(s) Swine ; Animals ; African Swine Fever/epidemiology ; African Swine Fever/prevention & control ; African Swine Fever Virus ; Poland/epidemiology ; Disinfection ; Biosecurity ; Disinfectants/pharmacology ; Vaccines ; Sus scrofa
    Chemical Substances Disinfectants ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-19
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v15112275
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  10. Article: Effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a short review.

    Jakielska, Ewelina / Głuszak, Paweł / Walczak, Marta / Bryl, Wiesław

    Przeglad gastroenterologiczny

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 148–153

    Abstract: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is a significant epidemiological problem and a well-known cardiovascular risk factor. The increasing number of cases creates the need for new ... ...

    Abstract Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is a significant epidemiological problem and a well-known cardiovascular risk factor. The increasing number of cases creates the need for new therapeutic methods aimed at improving patient outcomes. Recent studies have highlighted the relationship between MAFLD and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Based on the available data, PCSK9 inhibitors appear to have beneficial effects in patients with MAFLD, and they may be a treatment option in the future. Further research is necessary to better evaluate the efficiency of PCSK9 inhibitors in MAFLD treatment.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-23
    Publishing country Poland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2596134-2
    ISSN 1897-4317 ; 1895-5770
    ISSN (online) 1897-4317
    ISSN 1895-5770
    DOI 10.5114/pg.2023.126054
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