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Article ; Online: Using 10-K text to gauge COVID-related corporate disclosure.

Dutta, Shantanu / Kumar, Ashok / Pant, Pushpesh / Walsh, Caolan / Dutta, Moumita

2023 Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) e0283138

Abstract: During the pandemic era, COVID-related disclosure has become quite critical for shareholders and other market participants to understand the uncertainties and challenges associated with a firm's operation. However, there is no well-grounded and ... ...

Abstract	During the pandemic era, COVID-related disclosure has become quite critical for shareholders and other market participants to understand the uncertainties and challenges associated with a firm's operation. However, there is no well-grounded and systematic measure to gauge the intensity of COVID-related disclosure and its plausible impact. Therefore, this study develops and validates various COVID-related disclosure measures. More specifically, using a sample of publicly listed U.S. firms and applying natural language processing (NLP) on 10-K reports, we have developed two types of COVID dictionaries (or COVID-related disclosure measurement tools): (a) overall COVID dictionary (count of all COVID-related words/phrases) and (b) contextual COVID-dictionary (count of COVID related words/phrases preceded or followed by positive, negative tones, or financial constraints words). Subsequently, we have validated both types of COVID dictionaries by investigating their association with corporate liquidity events (e.g., dividend payment, dividend change). We confirm that the overall COVID dictionary effectively predicts a firm's liquidity event. We find similar results for contextual COVID dictionaries with a negative spin (i.e., COVID disclosures with a negative tone or an indication of financial constraints). Our results further show that better-governed firms (e.g., greater board independence, and more female directors) tend to have more COVID-related disclosures, despite the fact that more COVID-related disclosures suppress a firm's market-based stock performance (e.g. Tobin's Q). Our results suggest that better-governed firms prefer greater transparency, even if it may hurt their market performance in the short run.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Disclosure ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Organizations
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0283138
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Retraction: Tracking COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and logistical challenges: A machine learning approach.

Dutta, Shantanu / Kumar, Ashok / Dutta, Moumita / Walsh, Caolan

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 7, Page(s) e0255347

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Retraction of Publication
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0255347
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Article ; Online: Tracking COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and logistical challenges: A machine learning approach.

Dutta, Shantanu / Kumar, Ashok / Dutta, Moumita / Walsh, Caolan

publication RETRACTED

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) e0252332

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/psychology ; COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; United States/epidemiology ; Vaccination/methods ; Vaccination/psychology ; Vaccination Refusal/psychology
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Retracted Publication
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0252332
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Article ; Online: Redefining the role of routine postoperative bloodwork following uncomplicated bariatric surgery.

Selvam, Rajajee / Jarrar, Amer / Meghaizel, Cynthia / Mamazza, Joseph / Neville, Amy / Walsh, Caolan / Kolozsvari, Nicole

Surgical endoscopy

2022 Volume 37, Issue 1, Page(s) 364–370

Abstract: Background: A quality improvement opportunity was identified to de-adopt the low-value care practice of routinely performing bloodwork for all patients undergoing elective bariatric surgery. While these patients are typically discharged on postoperative ...

Abstract	Background: A quality improvement opportunity was identified to de-adopt the low-value care practice of routinely performing bloodwork for all patients undergoing elective bariatric surgery. While these patients are typically discharged on postoperative day 1 (POD1) after bloodwork is performed, it is uncommon for the discharge plan to change due to unexpected laboratory abnormalities alone. Methods: Patients undergoing bariatric surgery between September 2020 and April 2021 only had POD1 bloodwork if there were perioperative clinical concerns, they had insulin-dependent diabetes, or they were therapeutically anticoagulated. Thirty-day Emergency Department (ED) visits and readmissions were monitored as balancing measures. Outcomes were compared to a control group that underwent bariatric surgery prior to September 2020 when POD1 laboratory testing was routinely performed. Financial and environmental costs were estimated based our institutional standards. Results: The intervention group consisted of 303 patients: 248 (82%) Roux-en-Y gastric bypasses and 55 (18%) sleeve gastrectomies. Most patients (n = 256, 84.5%) did not have POD1 bloodwork. Twelve (3.9%) had bloodwork performed in violation of our protocol, of which none had a change in management based on the results. Of the 35 (12%) who had appropriately ordered bloodwork, 6 (2%) required a transfusion and 2 (0.7%) required a second surgery on the same admission for hemorrhage. Forty-four (14.5%) had 30-day ED visits of which 17 (5.6%) were within 7 days. Sixteen (5.3%) were readmitted. There were no significant differences between intervention and control groups in the rate of transfusion, second surgery, or 30-day ED visits. The avoidance of POD1 bloodwork saved approximately $6602.24 in lab processing fees alone and 512 test tubes. Conclusion: POD1 bloodwork can be safely avoided in the absence of clinical concerns. In addition to not significantly increasing postoperative complications, there were benefits from a financial cost, environmental impact, and patient discomfort perspective.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Patient Readmission ; Bariatric Surgery/methods ; Gastric Bypass/methods ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Postoperative Complications/surgery ; Patient Discharge ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Laparoscopy/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-11
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639039-0
ISSN	1432-2218 ; 0930-2794
ISSN (online)	1432-2218
ISSN	0930-2794
DOI	10.1007/s00464-022-09518-x
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Zs.A 2214: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Leveraging financial incentives and behavioural economics to engage physicians in achieving quality-improvement process measures.

Moloo, Husein / Lamb, Tyler / Sundaresan, Sudhir / Thavorn, Kednapa / Walsh, Caolan / Musselman, Reilly / Forster, Alan

Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie

2022 Volume 65, Issue 2, Page(s) E290–E295

Abstract: Background: Dedicated quality-improvement (QI) initiatives within health care systems are of clear benefit, and physicians respond to financial incentivization. The Canadian health care system often lacks this lever, and many financially incentivized QI ...

Abstract	Background: Dedicated quality-improvement (QI) initiatives within health care systems are of clear benefit, and physicians respond to financial incentivization. The Canadian health care system often lacks this lever, and many financially incentivized QI programs rely on traditional economic principles. We describe our evaluation of financial incentivization for the implementation of QI process metrics in a department of surgery at a Canadian academic hospital system and its impact over a 4-year period. Methods: Quality-improvement processes informed by extant QI incentivization literature and guided by the principles of behavioural economics were implemented within our institution's Department of Surgery. Disbursement of supplemental government funding was modified to be contingent on the ability of divisions within the department to meet predefined QI metrics, including regular multidisciplinary meetings, morbidity and mortality rounds with documented feedback of systemic issues to division members, reviews of adverse events, and implementation of annual patient experience projects. We evaluated the effect of the QI processes from 2015/16 to 2018/19. Results: There was a significant increase in the number of divisions that satisfied all the QI metrics over the study period, from 2 (28%) in 2015/16, to 5 (71%) in 2016/17, to 7 (100.0%) in 2017/18 and 2018/19 ( Conclusion: Incentivizing QI activities in the Canadian health care system is possible and led to improvement in QI processes as a whole in our department. This paper lays out a method of financial reimbursement to facilitate engagement of physicians and establishment of a foundation of important QI processes and measures within a department.
MeSH term(s)	Canada ; Economics, Behavioral ; Humans ; Motivation ; Physicians ; Process Assessment, Health Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-27
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410651-9
ISSN	1488-2310 ; 0008-428X
ISSN (online)	1488-2310
ISSN	0008-428X
DOI	10.1503/cjs.017320
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Article ; Online: Role of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in Preventing Bleeding Following Sleeve Gastrectomy: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Mocanu, Valentin / Wilson, Hillary / Verhoeff, Kevin / Kung, Janice / Walsh, Caolan / Koloszvari, Nicole / Neville, Amy / Karmali, Shahzeer

Obesity surgery

2023 Volume 33, Issue 5, Page(s) 1571–1579

Abstract: Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has drawn growing interest over the last decade for its benefit in optimizing post-operative bleeding, yet its role in bariatric surgery is poorly understood.: Methods: The medical librarian developed and executed ... ...

Abstract	Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has drawn growing interest over the last decade for its benefit in optimizing post-operative bleeding, yet its role in bariatric surgery is poorly understood. Methods: The medical librarian developed and executed comprehensive searches on September 28, 2022. The population of interest included adults who underwent elective bariatric surgery. The intervention was tranexamic acid administration while the comparison was placebo or standard peri-operative therapy. The primary outcome of interest was post-operative bleeding which was defined a priori. Results: A total of four studies were identified comprising of 475 patients. Of those, 207 (50%) received TXA at induction and all underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). The majority of patients were female (n = 343, 80.7%) with ages ranging from 17 to 70 years of age and mean BMIs ranging from 37 to 56 kg/m Conclusions: Intravenous tranexamic acid at the time of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is associated with a significant reduction of post-operative bleeding with no observed differences in thromboembolic events or mortality. Further high-quality studies are needed to better delineate the ideal bariatric population to receives TXA in addition to the optimal timing, dose, and duration of TXA therapy.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Tranexamic Acid/therapeutic use ; Antifibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery ; Postoperative Hemorrhage/prevention & control ; Gastrectomy/adverse effects ; Venous Thromboembolism ; Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Tranexamic Acid (6T84R30KC1) ; Antifibrinolytic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1070827-3
ISSN	1708-0428 ; 0960-8923
ISSN (online)	1708-0428
ISSN	0960-8923
DOI	10.1007/s11695-023-06563-w
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Zs.A 3381: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the role of laparoscopic transversus abdominis plane block in gastric bypass surgery: a study protocol.

Jarrar, Amer / Budiansky, Adele / Eipe, Naveen / Walsh, Caolan / Kolozsvari, Nicole / Neville, Amy / Mamazza, Joseph

BMJ open

2020 Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) e025818

Abstract: Introduction: Evaluating the efficacy of a laparoscopically guided, surgical transversus abdominis plane (TAP) and rectus sheath (RS) block in reducing analgesic consumption while improving functional outcomes in patients undergoing laparoscopic ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Evaluating the efficacy of a laparoscopically guided, surgical transversus abdominis plane (TAP) and rectus sheath (RS) block in reducing analgesic consumption while improving functional outcomes in patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Methods: 150 patients Living with obesity undergoing elective laparoscopic Roux-En-Y gastric bypass for obesity will be recruited to this double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomised controlled trial from a Bariatric Centre of Excellence over a period of 6 months. Patients will be electronically randomised on a 1:1 basis to either an intervention or placebo group. Those on the intervention arm will receive a total of 60 mL 0.25% ropivacaine, divided into four injections: two for TAP and two for RS block under laparoscopic visualisation. The placebo arm will receive normal saline in the same manner. A standardised surgical and anaesthetic protocol will be followed, with care in adherence to the Enhanced Recovery after Bariatric Surgery guidelines. Analysis: Demographic information and relevant medical history will be collected from the 150 patients enrolled in the study. Our primary efficacy endpoint is cumulative postoperative narcotic use. Secondary outcomes are peak expiratory flow, postoperative pain score and the 6 min walk test. Quality of recovery (QoR) will be assessed using a validated questionnaire (QoR-40). Statistical analysis will be conducted to assess differences within and between the two groups. The repeated measures will be analysed by a mixed modelling approach and results reported through publication. Ethics and dissemination: Ethics approval was obtained (20170749-01H) through our institutional research ethics board (Ottawa Health Science Network Research Ethics Board) and the study results, regardless of the outcome, will be reported in a manuscript submitted for a medical/surgical journal. Trial registration number: Pre-results NCT03367728.
MeSH term(s)	Abdominal Muscles/innervation ; Double-Blind Method ; Gastric Bypass ; Humans ; Laparoscopy/methods ; Nerve Block/methods ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025818
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Article: Endoscopic management of bariatric complications: A review and update.

Walsh, Caolan / Karmali, Shahzeer

World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy

2014 Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) 518–523

Abstract: With over a third of Americans being considered obese, bariatric procedures have now become the most performed operation be general surgeons in the United States. The most common operations are the Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, the Laparoscopic ... ...

Abstract	With over a third of Americans being considered obese, bariatric procedures have now become the most performed operation be general surgeons in the United States. The most common operations are the Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, the Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy, and the Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Band. With over 340000 bariatric procedures preformed worldwide in 2011, the absolute number of complications related to these operations is also increasing. Complications, although few, can be life threatening. One of the most dreaded acute complication is the anastomotic/staple line leak. If left undiagnosed or untreated they can lead to sepsis, multi organ failure, and death. Smaller or contained leaks can develop into fistulas. Although most patients with an acute anastomotic leak return to the operating room, there has been a trend to manage the stable patient with an endoscopic stent. They offer an advantage by creating a barrier between enteric content and the leak, and will allow the patients to resume enteral feeding much earlier. Fistulas are a complex and chronic complication with high morbidity and mortality. Postoperative bleeding although rare may also be treated locally with endoscopy. Stenosis is a more frequent late complication and is best-managed with endoscopic therapy. Stents may not heal every fistula or stenosis, however they may prevent certain patients the need for additional revisional surgery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-12-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2573698-X
ISSN	1948-5190
ISSN	1948-5190
DOI	10.4253/wjge.v7.i5.518
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Article ; Online: Pathophysiology, epidemiology, classification and treatment options for polycystic liver diseases.

Abu-Wasel, Bassam / Walsh, Caolan / Keough, Valerie / Molinari, Michele

World journal of gastroenterology

2013 Volume 19, Issue 35, Page(s) 5775–5786

Abstract: Polycystic liver diseases (PLD) represent a group of genetic disorders in which cysts occur in the liver (autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease) or in combination with cysts in the kidneys (autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease). Regardless ... ...

Abstract	Polycystic liver diseases (PLD) represent a group of genetic disorders in which cysts occur in the liver (autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease) or in combination with cysts in the kidneys (autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease). Regardless of the genetic mutations, the natural history of these disorders is alike. The natural history of PLD is characterized by a continuous increase in the volume and the number of cysts. Both genders are affected; however, women have a higher prevalence. Most patients with PLD are asymptomatic and can be managed conservatively. Severe symptoms can affect 20% of patients who develop massive hepatomegaly with compression of the surrounding organs. Rrarely, patients with PLD suffer from acute complications caused by the torsion of hepatic cysts, intraluminal cystic hemorrhage and infections. The most common methods for the diagnosis of PLD are cross sectional imaging studies. Abdominal ultrasound and computerized tomography are the two most frequently used investigations. Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive and specific, and it is a valuable test for patients with intravenous contrast allergies or renal dysfunction. Different treatment modalities are available to physicians caring for these patients. Medical treatment has been ineffective. Percutaneous sclerotherapy, trans-arterial embolization, cyst fenestration, hepatic resection and liver transplantation are indicated to specific groups of patients and have to be tailored according to the extent of disease. This review outlines the current knowledge of the pathophysiology, clinical course, diagnosis and treatment strategies of PLD.
MeSH term(s)	Cysts/classification ; Cysts/diagnosis ; Cysts/epidemiology ; Cysts/genetics ; Cysts/physiopathology ; Cysts/therapy ; Diagnostic Imaging/methods ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Diseases/classification ; Liver Diseases/diagnosis ; Liver Diseases/epidemiology ; Liver Diseases/genetics ; Liver Diseases/physiopathology ; Liver Diseases/therapy ; Male ; Phenotype ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-10-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2185929-2
ISSN	2219-2840 ; 1007-9327
ISSN (online)	2219-2840
ISSN	1007-9327
DOI	10.3748/wjg.v19.i35.5775
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