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Article ; Online: Validity and Utility of Experimental Animal Models in Perinatal Research.

Walsh, Verena / McGuire, William

2021 Volume 118, Issue 1, Page(s) 15–17

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Models, Animal ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Care
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2266911-5
ISSN	1661-7819 ; 1661-7800
ISSN (online)	1661-7819
ISSN	1661-7800
DOI	10.1159/000512989
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Article ; Online: Decision-making impairment under ambiguity but not under risk may underlie medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine.

Lau, Chi Ieong / Chen, Wei-Hung / Wang, Han-Cheng / Walsh, Vincent

Headache

2023 Volume 63, Issue 6, Page(s) 822–833

Abstract: Objective: To explore whether patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse headache (CM + MOH) present with decision-making deficit.: Background: Factors underlying MOH in patients with CM remain unclear. Whether the process of decision- ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To explore whether patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse headache (CM + MOH) present with decision-making deficit. Background: Factors underlying MOH in patients with CM remain unclear. Whether the process of decision-making plays a role in MOH is still controversial. Decision-making varies in the degree of uncertainty: under ambiguity where the probability of outcome is unknown, and under risk where probabilities are known. Methods: Decisions under ambiguity and risk were assessed with the Iowa Gambling Task and the Cambridge Gambling Task, respectively, whereas executive function was assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Results: A total of 75 participants: 25 patients with CM + MOH, 25 with CM, and 25 age- and sex-similar healthy controls (HCs), completed this cross-sectional study. There was no significant difference in headache profiles except for more frequent analgesic use (mean ± SD: 23.5 ± 7.6 vs. 6.8 ± 3.4 days; p < 0.001) and higher Severity of Dependence Scores (median [25th-75th percentile]: 8 [5-11] vs. 1 [0-4]; p < 0.001) in patients with CM + MOH compared to CM. Total net score (mean ± SD) on the Iowa Gambling Task in patients with CM + MOH, CM, and HCs were - 8.1 ± 28.7, 10.9 ± 29.6, and 14.2 ± 28.8, respectively. There was a significant difference between the three groups (F Conclusions: Our data suggest that patients with CM + MOH had impaired decisions under ambiguous, but not risky situations. This dissociation indicates disrupted emotional feedback processing rather than executive dysfunction, which may underlie the pathogenesis of MOH.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Decision Making ; Risk-Taking ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Prescription Drug Overuse ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Migraine Disorders
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410130-3
ISSN	1526-4610 ; 0017-8748
ISSN (online)	1526-4610
ISSN	0017-8748
DOI	10.1111/head.14513
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Article ; Online: What Arts-and-Health Practices Teach Us About Participation, Re-presentation, and Risk.

Layton, Sofie / Wray, Jo / Walsh, Victoria / Biglino, Giovanni

AMA journal of ethics

2022 Volume 24, Issue 7, Page(s) E638–645

Abstract: This article explores the implications of risk in arts-and-health collaborations that represent illness narratives for the purpose of engaging the public. Based on an artist's, bioengineer's, and health psychologist's reflections from pediatric and adult ...

Abstract	This article explores the implications of risk in arts-and-health collaborations that represent illness narratives for the purpose of engaging the public. Based on an artist's, bioengineer's, and health psychologist's reflections from pediatric and adult group workshop practice settings, this article canvasses 8 dimensions of risk that deserve ethical attention.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Medicine in the Arts
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2376-6980
ISSN (online)	2376-6980
DOI	10.1001/amajethics.2022.638
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Book: Transcranial magnetic stimulation

Walsh, Vincent / Pascual-Leone, Alvaro

a neurochronometrics of mind

(A Bradford book)

2003

Author's details	Vincent Walsh and Alvaro Pascual-Leone
Series title	A Bradford book
Keywords	Brain / physiopathology ; Magnetics / diagnostic use ; Diagnostic Imaging / methods ; Cognition / physiology ; Neuropsychology / methods ; Transmissionssonographie ; Neuropsychologie ; Kernspintomografie
Subject	Kernspintomographie ; NMR-Tomographie ; Magnetische Kernresonanztomographie ; MR-Tomographie ; Kernspinresonanztomographie ; MRI ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; IRM ; Magnetresonanztomographie ; Magnetresonanztomografie ; MRT ; NMR-Tomografie ; Nukleare Kernspintomographie ; MR-Bildgebung ; Transmissionssonografie ; TMS
Language	English
Size	XX, 297 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	MIT Press
Publishing place	Cambridge, Mass. u.a.
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT014014688
ISBN	0-262-23228-6 ; 978-0-262-23228-9
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
2004 A 4291	order for loan	Magazin

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Article ; Online: Is sport the brain's biggest challenge?

Walsh, Vincent

Current biology : CB

2014 Volume 24, Issue 18, Page(s) R859–R860

Abstract: Sport is a demanding activity requiring more cognitive skills than is often appreciated. By trying to understand the sporting brain, in particular that of elite athletes, we may learn something about behaviour relevant to the normal population. We may ... ...

Abstract	Sport is a demanding activity requiring more cognitive skills than is often appreciated. By trying to understand the sporting brain, in particular that of elite athletes, we may learn something about behaviour relevant to the normal population. We may also be confronted by the limits of current cognitive neuroscience. Here I outline some of the key areas where engaging with the cognitive aspects of sport will help cognitive neuroscientists to confront the application of their science outside the laboratory.
MeSH term(s)	Athletes ; Cognition ; Humans ; Neurosciences ; Sports
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-09-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1071731-6
ISSN	1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
ISSN (online)	1879-0445
ISSN	0960-9822
DOI	10.1016/j.cub.2014.08.003
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Article ; Online: Can transcranial direct current stimulation combined with interactive computerized cognitive training boost cognition and gait performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment? a randomized controlled trial.

Lau, Chi Ieong / Liu, Mu-N / Cheng, Fang-Yu / Wang, Han-Cheng / Walsh, Vincent / Liao, Ying-Yi

Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation

2024 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 26

Abstract: Background: Older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are often subject to cognitive and gait deficits. Interactive Computerized Cognitive Training (ICCT) may improve cognitive function; however, the effect of such training on gait performance ... ...

Abstract	Background: Older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are often subject to cognitive and gait deficits. Interactive Computerized Cognitive Training (ICCT) may improve cognitive function; however, the effect of such training on gait performance is limited. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) improves cognition and gait performance. It remains unclear whether combining tDCS with ICCT produces an enhanced synergistic effect on cognition and complex gait performance relative to ICCT alone. This study aimed to compare the effects of tDCS combined with ICCT on cognition and gait performance in older adults with MCI. Method: Twenty-one older adults with MCI were randomly assigned to groups receiving either anodal tDCS and ICCT ( tDCS + ICCT ) or sham tDCS and ICCT ( sham + ICCT ). Participants played Nintendo Switch cognitive games for 40 min per session, simultaneously receiving either anodal or sham tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for the first 20 min. Cognitive and gait assessments were performed before and after 15 training sessions. Results: The global cognition, executive function, and working-memory scores improved in both groups, but there were no significant interaction effects on cognitive outcomes. Additionally, the group × time interactions indicated that tDCS + ICCT significantly enhanced dual-task gait performance in terms of gait speed (p = 0.045), variability (p = 0.016), and dual-task cost (p = 0.039) compared to sham + ICCT. Conclusion: The combined effect of tDCS and ICCT on cognition was not superior to that of ICCT alone; however, it had a significant impact on dual-task gait performance. Administering tDCS as an adjunct to ICCT may thus provide additional benefits for older adults with MCI. Trial registration: This trial was registered at http://www. Clinicaltrials: in.th/ (TCTR 20,220,328,009).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ; Cognitive Training ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Cognition/physiology ; Gait/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Double-Blind Method
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2164377-5
ISSN	1743-0003 ; 1743-0003
ISSN (online)	1743-0003
ISSN	1743-0003
DOI	10.1186/s12984-024-01313-0
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the Quality of Perinatal Trials: Making the GRADE.

Walsh, Verena / McGuire, William / Halliday, Henry L

Neonatology

2021 Volume 118, Issue 3, Page(s) 378–383

Abstract: Background: Assessing the quality of clinical research is a key evidence-based practice skill. Clinicians, guideline producers, policy makers, service commissioners, and families need to have a sense of the validity, applicability, and certainty of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Assessing the quality of clinical research is a key evidence-based practice skill. Clinicians, guideline producers, policy makers, service commissioners, and families need to have a sense of the validity, applicability, and certainty of research evidence when determining how it should inform their decision-making and practice. Methods: We consider the various methodological and study design factors that contribute to the validity and applicability of clinical research findings. We describe the "Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation" (GRADE) methodology and discuss how this approach is used to assess and report certainty of evidence and strength of recommendations. Results: The randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard method for assessing interventions because randomization balances prognostic characteristics between comparison groups. The GRADE approach considers evidence from RCTs as high quality, but acknowledges that the quality and level of certainty of trial evidence may be "downgraded" based on consideration of threats across 5 domains: risk of bias in included trials, inconsistency between trials in outcome estimates, indirectness of the evidence, imprecision of estimates, and likelihood of publication bias. Conclusions: Structured critical appraisal using GRADE methods to assess risk of bias and other threats to the internal and external validity of RCTs and systematic reviews and meta-analyses of their data facilitates transparency and consistency in using evidence to inform policy and practice.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; GRADE Approach ; Humans ; Parturition ; Pregnancy
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2266911-5
ISSN	1661-7819 ; 1661-7800
ISSN (online)	1661-7819
ISSN	1661-7800
DOI	10.1159/000516239
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Article ; Online: Immunonutrition for Preterm Infants.

Walsh, Verena / McGuire, William

Neonatology

2019 Volume 115, Issue 4, Page(s) 398–405

Abstract: Care and outcomes for very preterm infants continue to improve, but important causes of mortality and acute and long-term morbidity associated with prolonged hospitalisation remain. Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset infection have emerged as ...

Abstract	Care and outcomes for very preterm infants continue to improve, but important causes of mortality and acute and long-term morbidity associated with prolonged hospitalisation remain. Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset infection have emerged as the major causes of death beyond the early neonatal period and of neurodisability in very preterm infants. Although the pathogenesis of these conditions is incompletely understood, it appears to be related to the content and mode of delivery of the enteral diet, particularly the impact of immunonutrients from human breast milk on the microbial and metabolic balance within the immature intestine. Evidence exists to support investment in measures to help mothers to express breast milk as the primary source of nutrition for their very preterm infants. In the absence of maternal milk, pasteurised donor breast milk provides protection against NEC, but its nutritive adequacy is not clear and its cost-effectiveness is uncertain. Supplementation with individual immunonutrients, including immunoglobulins and lactoferrin, has not been shown to be effective in preventing NEC or infection in randomised controlled trials. The evidence base for prebiotics and probiotics is stronger, but concerns exist about the choice, safety and availability of formulations. Other strategies - including avoidance of drugs such as gastric acid suppressants that compromise innate immunity, as well as evidence-based progressive feeding strategies that reduce exposure to invasive interventions - are emerging as key components of care packages to reduce the burden of NEC, infection and associated growth and developmental faltering for very preterm infants.
MeSH term(s)	Colostrum/immunology ; Dietary Supplements/adverse effects ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/diagnosis ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/immunology ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant Formula ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Milk, Human/immunology ; Nutritive Value ; Probiotics/adverse effects ; Probiotics/therapeutic use ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2266911-5
ISSN	1661-7819 ; 1661-7800
ISSN (online)	1661-7819
ISSN	1661-7800
DOI	10.1159/000497332
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Article ; Online: Effect of insulation with bubble wrap and an absorbent pad on heat loss in anaesthetised cats.

Sakata, H / Walsh, V / Chambers, J P / Bridges, J / Sano, H

New Zealand veterinary journal

2020 Volume 68, Issue 6, Page(s) 324–330

Abstract: Aims: ...

Abstract	Aims:
MeSH term(s)	Absorbent Pads ; Animals ; Body Temperature ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Cats/physiology ; Female ; Hypothermia/prevention & control ; Hypothermia/veterinary ; Hysterectomy/methods ; Hysterectomy/veterinary ; Ovariectomy/methods ; Ovariectomy/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
ZDB-ID	415642-0
ISSN	1176-0710 ; 0048-0169
ISSN (online)	1176-0710
ISSN	0048-0169
DOI	10.1080/00480169.2020.1776649
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Article ; Online: Mind the (support) gap: supporting academic trainees through peer networks.

Soto, Carmen / Walsh, Verena

Archives of disease in childhood

2018 Volume 104, Issue 5, Page(s) 490–493

Abstract: Academic Foundation Programme (AFP) trainees face challenges in making the most of the research opportunities available to them. Improved support for trainees throughout the AFP may result in improved outcomes and increase retention of clinical academic ... ...

Abstract	Academic Foundation Programme (AFP) trainees face challenges in making the most of the research opportunities available to them. Improved support for trainees throughout the AFP may result in improved outcomes and increase retention of clinical academic trainees. Peer support may address some of the challenges faced by AFP trainees at this early stage of their careers. A Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) approach was used to design and implement a peer support programme for AFP trainees in paediatrics. Feedback from recent AFP graduates was used to identify challenges and possible solutions, which were then incorporated into the programme. Trainee views informed the format of the support offered, especially the role of trainee coordinator and importance of regular meetings. The PDSA approach facilitated constant re-evaluation of the programme, which continued to evolve over several years. Peer support is highly valued by AFP trainees, who use the network to obtain information, as well as concrete assistance, and emotional support from their peers. Such networks are not self-perpetuating, and a significant commitment is required from fellow trainees to ensure the success of the network.
MeSH term(s)	Attitude of Health Personnel ; Biomedical Research/education ; Education, Medical, Graduate/organization & administration ; Humans ; Mentoring/organization & administration ; Pediatrics/education ; Peer Group ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	524-1
ISSN	1468-2044 ; 0003-9888 ; 1359-2998
ISSN (online)	1468-2044
ISSN	0003-9888 ; 1359-2998
DOI	10.1136/archdischild-2018-315050
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