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Article ; Online: Effects of past and present habitat on the gut microbiota of a wild rodent.

Scholier, Tiffany / Lavrinienko, Anton / Kallio, Eva R / Watts, Phillip C / Mappes, Tapio

2024 Volume 291, Issue 2016, Page(s) 20232531

Abstract: The response of the gut microbiota to changes in the host environment can be influenced by both the host's past and present habitats. To quantify their contributions for two different life stages, we studied the gut microbiota of wild bank voles ( ...

Abstract	The response of the gut microbiota to changes in the host environment can be influenced by both the host's past and present habitats. To quantify their contributions for two different life stages, we studied the gut microbiota of wild bank voles (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ecosystem ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Rodentia ; Animals, Wild ; Forests ; Arvicolinae
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209242-6
ISSN	1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
ISSN (online)	1471-2954
ISSN	0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
DOI	10.1098/rspb.2023.2531
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Article: Does size-selective harvesting erode adaptive potential to thermal stress?

Sadler, Daniel E / van Dijk, Stephan / Karjalainen, Juha / Watts, Phillip C / Uusi-Heikkilä, Silva

Ecology and evolution

2024 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) e11007

Abstract: Overharvesting is a serious threat to many fish populations. High mortality and directional selection on body size can cause evolutionary change in exploited populations via selection for a specific phenotype and a potential reduction in phenotypic ... ...

Abstract	Overharvesting is a serious threat to many fish populations. High mortality and directional selection on body size can cause evolutionary change in exploited populations via selection for a specific phenotype and a potential reduction in phenotypic diversity. Whether the loss of phenotypic diversity that accompanies directional selection impairs response to environmental stress is not known. To address this question, we exposed three zebrafish selection lines to thermal stress. Two lines had experienced directional selection for (1) large and (2) small body size, and one was (3) subject to random removal of individuals with respect to body size (i.e. line with no directional selection). Selection lines were exposed to three temperatures (elevated, 34°C; ambient, 28°C; low, 22°C) to determine the response to an environmental stressor (thermal stress). We assessed differences among selection lines in their life history (growth and reproduction), physiological traits (metabolic rate and critical thermal max) and behaviour (activity and feeding behaviour) when reared at different temperatures. Lines experiencing directional selection (i.e. size selected) showed reduced growth rate and a shift in average phenotype in response to lower or elevated thermal stress compared with fish from the random-selected line. Our data indicate that populations exposed to directional selection can have a more limited capacity to respond to thermal stress compared with fish that experience a comparable reduction in population size (but without directional selection). Future studies should aim to understand the impacts of environmental stressors on natural fish stocks.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2635675-2
ISSN	2045-7758
ISSN	2045-7758
DOI	10.1002/ece3.11007
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Article ; Online: Idiosyncratic effects of coinfection on the association between systemic pathogens and the gut microbiota of a wild rodent, the bank vole Myodes glareolus

Brila, Ilze / Lavrinienko, Anton / Tukalenko, Eugene / Kallio, Eva R. / Mappes, Tapio / Watts, Phillip C.

Journal of Animal Ecology. 2023 Apr., v. 92, no. 4 p.826-837

2023

Abstract: The effects of systemic pathogens on gut microbiota of wild animals are poorly understood. Furthermore, coinfections are the norm in nature, yet most studies of pathogen–microbiota interactions focus on effects of single pathogen infections on gut ... ...

Abstract	The effects of systemic pathogens on gut microbiota of wild animals are poorly understood. Furthermore, coinfections are the norm in nature, yet most studies of pathogen–microbiota interactions focus on effects of single pathogen infections on gut microbiota. We examined the effects of four systemic pathogens (bacteria Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, apicomplexan protozoa Babesia microti and Puumala orthohantavirus) and coinfections among them on the (bacterial) gut microbiota of wild bank voles Myodes glareolus. We hypothesized that: (1) the effects of coinfection on gut microbiota generally differ from those of a single pathogen infection, (2) systemic pathogens have individual (i.e. distinct) associations with gut microbiota, which are modified by coinfection and (3) the effects of coinfection (compared with those of single infection) are idiosyncratic (i.e. pathogen‐specific). The gut microbiota of coinfected bank voles differed from that of single pathogen infected individuals, although, as predicted, the effects of coinfections were unique for each pathogen. After accounting for coinfections, only Puumala orthohantavirus was associated with higher α‐diversity; however, all pathogens affected gut microbiota ß‐diversity in a pathogen‐specific way, affecting both rare and abundant gut bacteria. Our results showed that the effects of systemic pathogens on host's gut microbiota vary depending on the pathogen species, resulting in idiosyncratic signatures of coinfection. Furthermore, our results emphasize that neglecting the impact of coinfections can mask patterns of pathogen–microbiota associations.
Keywords	Anaplasma phagocytophilum ; Babesia microti ; Borrelia burgdorferi ; Clethrionomys glareolus ; Protozoa ; Puumala orthohantavirus ; animal ecology ; digestive system ; intestinal microorganisms ; mixed infection ; pathogens ; rodents
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-04
Size	p. 826-837.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	3024-7
ISSN	1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
ISSN (online)	1365-2656
ISSN	0021-8790
DOI	10.1111/1365-2656.13869
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Mixed support for an alignment between phenotypic plasticity and genetic differentiation in damselfly wing shape

Johansson, Frank / Berger, David / Outomuro, David / Sniegula, Szymon / Tunon, Meagan / Watts, Phillip C. / Rohner, Patrick Thomas

Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2023 Feb., v. 36, no. 2 p.368-380

2023

Abstract: The relationship between genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity can provide information on whether plasticity generally facilitates or hinders adaptation to environmental change. Here, we studied wing shape variation in a damselfly (Lestes ... ...

Abstract	The relationship between genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity can provide information on whether plasticity generally facilitates or hinders adaptation to environmental change. Here, we studied wing shape variation in a damselfly (Lestes sponsa) across a latitudinal gradient in Europe that differed in time constraints mediated by photoperiod and temperature. We reared damselflies from northern and southern populations in the laboratory using a reciprocal transplant experiment that simulated time‐constrained (i.e. northern) and unconstrained (southern) photoperiods and temperatures. After emergence, adult wing shape was analysed using geometric morphometrics. Wings from individuals in the northern and southern populations differed significantly in shape when animals were reared in their respective native environment. Comparing wing shape across environments, we found evidence for phenotypic plasticity in wing shape, and this response differed across populations (i.e. G × E interactions). This interaction was driven by a stronger plastic response by individuals from the northern population and differences in the direction of plastic wing shape changes among populations. The alignment between genetic and plastic responses depended on the specific combination of population and rearing environment. For example, there was an alignment between plasticity and genetic differentiation under time‐constrained, but not under non‐time‐constrained conditions for forewings. We thus find mixed support for the hypothesis that environmental plasticity and genetic population differentiation are aligned. Furthermore, although our laboratory treatments mimicked the natural climatic conditions at northern and southern latitudes, the effects of population differences on wing shape were two to four times stronger than plastic effects. We discuss our results in terms of time constraints and the possibility that natural and sexual selection is acting differently on fore‐ and hindwings.
Keywords	Lestes ; adults ; genetic variation ; geometry ; morphometry ; phenotypic plasticity ; photoperiod ; plasticity ; sexual selection ; temperature ; Europe
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-02
Size	p. 368-380.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1465318-7
ISSN	1420-9101 ; 1010-061X
ISSN (online)	1420-9101
ISSN	1010-061X
DOI	10.1111/jeb.14145
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Natural selection mediated by seasonal time constraints increases the alignment between evolvability and developmental plasticity.

Johansson, Frank / Watts, Phillip C / Sniegula, Szymon / Berger, David

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution

2021 Volume 75, Issue 2, Page(s) 464–475

Abstract: Phenotypic plasticity can either hinder or promote adaptation to novel environments. Recent studies that have quantified alignments between plasticity, genetic variation, and divergence propose that such alignments may reflect constraints that bias ... ...

Abstract	Phenotypic plasticity can either hinder or promote adaptation to novel environments. Recent studies that have quantified alignments between plasticity, genetic variation, and divergence propose that such alignments may reflect constraints that bias future evolutionary trajectories. Here, we emphasize that such alignments may themselves be a result of natural selection and do not necessarily indicate constraints on adaptation. We estimated developmental plasticity and broad sense genetic covariance matrices (G) among damselfly populations situated along a latitudinal gradient in Europe. Damselflies were reared at photoperiod treatments that simulated the seasonal time constraints experienced at northern (strong constraints) and southern (relaxed constraints) latitudes. This allowed us to partition the effects of (1) latitude, (2) photoperiod, and (3) environmental novelty on G and its putative alignment with adaptive plasticity and divergence. Environmental novelty and latitude did not affect G, but photoperiod did. Photoperiod increased evolvability in the direction of observed adaptive divergence and developmental plasticity when G was assessed under strong seasonal time constraints at northern (relative to southern) photoperiod. Because selection and adaptation under time constraints is well understood in Lestes damselflies, our results suggest that natural selection can shape the alignment between divergence, plasticity, and evolvability.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Male ; Odonata/genetics ; Odonata/growth & development ; Photoperiod ; Seasons ; Selection, Genetic
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2036375-8
ISSN	1558-5646 ; 0014-3820
ISSN (online)	1558-5646
ISSN	0014-3820
DOI	10.1111/evo.14147
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Article ; Online: Idiosyncratic effects of coinfection on the association between systemic pathogens and the gut microbiota of a wild rodent, the bank vole Myodes glareolus.

Brila, Ilze / Lavrinienko, Anton / Tukalenko, Eugene / Kallio, Eva R / Mappes, Tapio / Watts, Phillip C

The Journal of animal ecology

2022 Volume 92, Issue 4, Page(s) 826–837

Abstract: The effects of systemic pathogens on gut microbiota of wild animals are poorly understood. Furthermore, coinfections are the norm in nature, yet most studies of pathogen-microbiota interactions focus on effects of single pathogen infections on gut ... ...

Abstract	The effects of systemic pathogens on gut microbiota of wild animals are poorly understood. Furthermore, coinfections are the norm in nature, yet most studies of pathogen-microbiota interactions focus on effects of single pathogen infections on gut microbiota. We examined the effects of four systemic pathogens (bacteria Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, apicomplexan protozoa Babesia microti and Puumala orthohantavirus) and coinfections among them on the (bacterial) gut microbiota of wild bank voles Myodes glareolus. We hypothesized that: (1) the effects of coinfection on gut microbiota generally differ from those of a single pathogen infection, (2) systemic pathogens have individual (i.e. distinct) associations with gut microbiota, which are modified by coinfection and (3) the effects of coinfection (compared with those of single infection) are idiosyncratic (i.e. pathogen-specific). The gut microbiota of coinfected bank voles differed from that of single pathogen infected individuals, although, as predicted, the effects of coinfections were unique for each pathogen. After accounting for coinfections, only Puumala orthohantavirus was associated with higher α-diversity; however, all pathogens affected gut microbiota ß-diversity in a pathogen-specific way, affecting both rare and abundant gut bacteria. Our results showed that the effects of systemic pathogens on host's gut microbiota vary depending on the pathogen species, resulting in idiosyncratic signatures of coinfection. Furthermore, our results emphasize that neglecting the impact of coinfections can mask patterns of pathogen-microbiota associations.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Coinfection/veterinary ; Rodentia ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Borrelia burgdorferi ; Arvicolinae/microbiology ; Arvicolinae/parasitology ; Ixodes/microbiology ; Rodent Diseases/microbiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3024-7
ISSN	1365-2656 ; 0021-8790
ISSN (online)	1365-2656
ISSN	0021-8790
DOI	10.1111/1365-2656.13869
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Microbes within the building envelope-a case study on the patterns of colonization and potential sampling bias.

Davies, Lucy R / Barbero-López, Aitor / Lähteenmäki, Veli-Matti / Salonen, Antti / Fedorik, Filip / Haapala, Antti / Watts, Phillip C

PeerJ

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) e16355

Abstract: Humans are exposed to diverse communities of microbes every day. With more time spent indoors by humans, investigations into the communities of microbes inhabiting occupied spaces have become important to deduce the impacts of these microbes on human ... ...

Abstract	Humans are exposed to diverse communities of microbes every day. With more time spent indoors by humans, investigations into the communities of microbes inhabiting occupied spaces have become important to deduce the impacts of these microbes on human health and building health. Studies so far have given considerable insight into the communities of the indoor microbiota humans interact with, but mainly focus on sampling surfaces or indoor dust from filters. Beneath the surfaces though, building envelopes have the potential to contain environments that would support the growth of microbial communities. But due to design choices and distance from ground moisture, for example, the temperature and humidity across a building will vary and cause environmental gradients. These microenvironments could then influence the composition of the microbial communities within the walls. Here we present a case study designed to quantify any patterns in the compositions of fungal and bacterial communities existing in a building envelope and determine some of the key variables, such as cardinal direction, distance from floor or distance from wall joinings, that may influence any microbial community composition variation. By drilling small holes across walls of a house, we extracted microbes onto air filters and conducted amplicon sequencing. We found sampling height (distance from the floor) and cardinal direction the wall was facing caused differences in the diversity of the microbial communities, showing that patterns in the microbial composition will be dependent on sampling location within the building. By sampling beneath the surfaces, our approach provides a more complete picture of the microbial condition of a building environment, with the significant variation in community composition demonstrating a potential sampling bias if multiple sampling locations across a building are not considered. By identifying features of the built environment that promote/retard microbial growth, improvements to building designs can be made to achieve overall healthier occupied spaces.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Selection Bias ; Microbiota/genetics ; Dust/analysis ; Bacteria/genetics ; Humidity
Chemical Substances	Dust
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359 ; 2167-8359
ISSN (online)	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.16355
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Article ; Online: Association between gut health and gut microbiota in a polluted environment.

Jernfors, Toni / Lavrinienko, Anton / Vareniuk, Igor / Landberg, Rikard / Fristedt, Rikard / Tkachenko, Olena / Taskinen, Sara / Tukalenko, Eugene / Mappes, Tapio / Watts, Phillip C

The Science of the total environment

2024 Volume 914, Page(s) 169804

Abstract: Animals host complex bacterial communities in their gastrointestinal tracts, with which they share a mutualistic interaction. The numerous effects these interactions grant to the host include regulation of the immune system, defense against pathogen ... ...

Abstract	Animals host complex bacterial communities in their gastrointestinal tracts, with which they share a mutualistic interaction. The numerous effects these interactions grant to the host include regulation of the immune system, defense against pathogen invasion, digestion of otherwise undigestible foodstuffs, and impacts on host behaviour. Exposure to stressors, such as environmental pollution, parasites, and/or predators, can alter the composition of the gut microbiome, potentially affecting host-microbiome interactions that can be manifest in the host as, for example, metabolic dysfunction or inflammation. However, whether a change in gut microbiota in wild animals associates with a change in host condition is seldom examined. Thus, we quantified whether wild bank voles inhabiting a polluted environment, areas where there are environmental radionuclides, exhibited a change in gut microbiota (using 16S amplicon sequencing) and concomitant change in host health using a combined approach of transcriptomics, histological staining analyses of colon tissue, and quantification of short-chain fatty acids in faeces and blood. Concomitant with a change in gut microbiota in animals inhabiting contaminated areas, we found evidence of poor gut health in the host, such as hypotrophy of goblet cells and likely weakened mucus layer and related changes in Clca1 and Agr2 gene expression, but no visible inflammation in colon tissue. Through this case study we show that inhabiting a polluted environment can have wide reaching effects on the gut health of affected animals, and that gut health and other host health parameters should be examined together with gut microbiota in ecotoxicological studies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics ; Microbiota ; Bacteria ; Feces/chemistry ; Inflammation ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169804
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Article: Female Sexual Signaling in a Capital Breeder, the European Glow-Worm Lampyris noctiluca

Baudry, Gautier / Hopkins, Juhani / Watts, Phillip C / Kaitala, Arja

Journal of insect behavior. 2021 Mar., v. 34, no. 1-2

2021

Abstract: Theory predicts that because costs constrain female sexual signaling, females are expected to have a low signaling effort that is increased with passing time until mating is secured. This pattern of signaling is expected to result from females balancing ... ...

Abstract	Theory predicts that because costs constrain female sexual signaling, females are expected to have a low signaling effort that is increased with passing time until mating is secured. This pattern of signaling is expected to result from females balancing the costs associated with a higher than optimal signaling effort and those costs associated with a low signaling effort that increase the likelihood of delayed mating. We tested whether this prediction applies in the common glow-worm Lampyris noctiluca (Coleoptera, Lampyridae), a capital breeding species in which females glow at night to attract males. Contrary to predictions, we found that the duration of female sexual signaling significantly decreased with time. Moreover, when females experienced multiple light/dark cycles within 24 h, both signaling duration and intensity significantly decreased. These results imply that females attempt to signal as much as possible at first, with the decrease in signaling duration and intensity likely being due to female resource depletion. Because in capital breeding females the costs of a delayed mating are likely greater than the costs of sexual signaling, females should mate as soon as possible and thus always invest into signaling as much as possible.
Keywords	Lampyris noctiluca ; capital ; females ; insect behavior ; prediction
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-03
Size	p. 16-25.
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2016965-6
ISSN	1572-8889 ; 0892-7553
ISSN (online)	1572-8889
ISSN	0892-7553
DOI	10.1007/s10905-020-09763-9
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Prevalence of multiple mating by female common dormice, Muscardinus avellanarius

Naim, Darlina Md. / Telfer, Sandra / Sanderson, Stephanie / Kemp, Stephen J. / Watts, Phillip C.

Conservation Genetics

2023

Keywords	mating ; genetics
Publishing date	2023-03-10T14:33:16Z
Publisher	Springer
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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