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  1. Article: Cotton Square Morphology Offers New Insights into Host Plant Resistance to Cotton Fleahopper (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Upland Cotton.

    McLoud, Laura Ann / Hague, Steven / Knutson, Allen / Wayne Smith, C / Brewer, Michael

    Journal of economic entomology

    2016  Volume 109, Issue 1, Page(s) 392–398

    Abstract: Cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae), is a piercing-sucking pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) that feeds preferentially on developing flower buds, called squares. Heavy infestations cause yield reductions that ... ...

    Abstract Cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae), is a piercing-sucking pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) that feeds preferentially on developing flower buds, called squares. Heavy infestations cause yield reductions that result from abscission of squares damaged by the cotton fleahopper feeding. Antixenosis, or nonpreference, has been reported as a mechanism of host plant resistance in cotton to cotton fleahopper. Square structure, particularly the placement of the reproductive tissues, and stylet penetration were investigated as factors that influence resistance to cotton fleahopper in cotton lines derived from crosses with Pilose, a cultigen of upland cotton resistant to cotton fleahopper, and backcrossed with high-yielding, susceptible lines. Ovary depth varied among the lines tested and was found to be a heritable trait that affected the ability of a fleahopper's feeding stylets to penetrate the reproductive tissues in the square and might influence preference. Behavioral assays suggested antixenosis as a mechanism of host plant resistance, and the trait conferring antixenosis was found to be heritable. Results suggest ovary depth plays a role in conferring resistance to cotton fleahopper and is an exploitable trait in resistance breeding.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibiosis ; Female ; Flowers/anatomy & histology ; Flowers/growth & development ; Flowers/physiology ; Food Chain ; Gossypium/anatomy & histology ; Gossypium/growth & development ; Gossypium/physiology ; Heteroptera/growth & development ; Heteroptera/physiology ; Male ; Nymph/growth & development ; Nymph/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3031-4
    ISSN 0022-0493
    ISSN 0022-0493
    DOI 10.1093/jee/tov275
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Attenuated adipose tissue and skeletal muscle inflammation in obese mice with combined CD4+ and CD8+ T cell deficiency.

    Khan, Ilvira M / Dai Perrard, Xiao-Yuan / Perrard, Jerry L / Mansoori, Amir / Wayne Smith, C / Wu, Huaizhu / Ballantyne, Christie M

    Atherosclerosis

    2014  Volume 233, Issue 2, Page(s) 419–428

    Abstract: Objectives: High-fat diet (HFD) feeding in mice is characterized by accumulation of αβ T cells in adipose tissue. However, the contribution of αβ T cells to obesity-induced inflammation of skeletal muscle, a major organ of glucose uptake, is unknown. ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: High-fat diet (HFD) feeding in mice is characterized by accumulation of αβ T cells in adipose tissue. However, the contribution of αβ T cells to obesity-induced inflammation of skeletal muscle, a major organ of glucose uptake, is unknown. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of αβ T cells on insulin sensitivity and inflammatory state of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in obesity. Furthermore, we investigated whether CD4+IFNγ+ (TH1) cells are involved in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction that accompanies obesity.
    Methods: Mice lacking αβ T cells (T cell receptor beta chain-deficient [TCRb-/-] mice) were fed HFD for 12 weeks. Obesity-induced skeletal muscle and adipose tissue inflammation was assessed by flow cytometry and quantitative RT-PCR. To investigate the effect of TH1 cells on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic functions, we injected 5×10(5) TH1 cells or PBS weekly over 12 weeks into HFD-fed TCRb-/- mice. We also cultured C2C12 myofibers and 3T3-L1 adipocytes with TH1-conditioned medium.
    Results: We showed that similar to adipose tissue, skeletal muscle of obese mice have higher αβ T cell content, including TH1 cells. TCRb-/- mice were protected against obesity-induced hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. We also demonstrated suppressed macrophage infiltration and reduced inflammatory cytokine expression in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of TCRb-/- mice on HFD compared to wild-type obese controls. Adoptive transfer of TH1 cells into HFD-fed TCRb-/- mice resulted in increased skeletal muscle and adipose tissue inflammation and impaired glucose metabolism. TH1 cells directly impaired functions of C2C12 myotubes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro.
    Conclusions: We conclude that reduced adipose tissue and skeletal muscle inflammation in obese TCRb-/- mice is partially attributable to the absence of TH1 cells. Our results suggest an important role of TH1 cells in regulating inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity.
    MeSH term(s) 3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipose Tissue/immunology ; Adipose Tissue/pathology ; Adoptive Transfer ; Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Line ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Dietary Fats/toxicity ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Hyperglycemia/etiology ; Hyperglycemia/metabolism ; Hyperglycemia/pathology ; Hypertriglyceridemia/etiology ; Hypertriglyceridemia/metabolism ; Hypertriglyceridemia/pathology ; Insulin Resistance ; Interferon-gamma/physiology ; Lymphopenia/complications ; Lymphopenia/immunology ; Lymphopenia/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal ; Muscle, Skeletal/immunology ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Myositis/etiology ; Myositis/immunology ; Myositis/prevention & control ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/immunology ; Obesity/pathology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/analysis ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/deficiency ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology ; Th1 Cells/immunology ; Th1 Cells/metabolism ; Th1 Cells/transplantation
    Chemical Substances Culture Media, Conditioned ; Dietary Fats ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-21
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80061-2
    ISSN 1879-1484 ; 0021-9150
    ISSN (online) 1879-1484
    ISSN 0021-9150
    DOI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.01.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 226: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article: Combining Ability and Variability for Fiber Maturity among Diverse World Cotton Genotypes

    Jernigan, Kendra / Wayne Smith, C. / Hequet, Eric / Beyer, Benjamin / Percy, Richard

    Crop science. 2014 May, v. 54, no. 3

    2014  

    Abstract: Increased U.S. export of cotton and global competition necessitates that plant breeders continue to improve fiber properties of upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.). TAM B182–33 ELS (Extra‐Long Staple) (Smith, et al., 2009) germplasm line of upland ... ...

    Abstract Increased U.S. export of cotton and global competition necessitates that plant breeders continue to improve fiber properties of upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.). TAM B182–33 ELS (Extra‐Long Staple) (Smith, et al., 2009) germplasm line of upland cotton, and ‘Tamcot CAMD‐E’ (Bird, 1979), a short‐staple obsolete cultivar, were crossed with 12 cultivars from China, seven from northern Africa, 10 from southern Africa, and seven from the United States. Parents and 72 F₁s were grown in College Station, TX, in a Line × Tester design during the summers of 2010 and 2011. Mature, unopened bolls were hand harvested, deburred and allowed to dry in limited light. Maturity ratio (MR) and ribbon width (RbWth) were determined on a Cottonscope at the Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute (FBRI) in Lubbock, TX on the 38 parents and F₁s, and general and specific combining abilities were determined. Genetic variation existed for MR and RbWth among the distinct germplasm pools utilized in this study. ‘Allen 333–61 CB 4027’ (northern Africa), ‘Phytogen 72’ (United States), ‘UK 64’ (southern Africa) and ‘Lintsing Sze Tze 4B’ (China) and their F₁ progenies from crosses with TAM B182–33 ELS and Tamcot CAMD‐E had enhanced maturity characteristics, particularly high MR values, indicating that their fibers are more mature than that from some of the other cultivars. Data suggest that MR could be improved through breeding and use of the Cottonscope.
    Keywords Gossypium hirsutum ; biopolymers ; cotton ; cultivars ; exports ; genetic variation ; germplasm ; research institutions ; China ; Northern Africa ; Southern Africa
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-05
    Size p. 906-913.
    Publishing place The Crop Science Society of America, Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE ; epub
    ZDB-ID 410209-5
    ISSN 0011-183X
    ISSN 0011-183X
    DOI 10.2135/cropsci2013.09.0584
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Early differential expression of oncostatin M in obstructive nephropathy.

    Elbjeirami, Wafa M / Truong, Luan D / Tawil, Ahmad / Wang, Wansheng / Dawson, Sara / Lan, Hui Y / Zhang, Ping / Garcia, Gabriela E / Wayne Smith, C

    Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research

    2010  Volume 30, Issue 7, Page(s) 513–523

    Abstract: Interstitial fibrosis plays a major role in progression of renal diseases. Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine that regulates cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation. Renal tissue from patients with chronic obstructive nephropathy was examined for ...

    Abstract Interstitial fibrosis plays a major role in progression of renal diseases. Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine that regulates cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation. Renal tissue from patients with chronic obstructive nephropathy was examined for OSM expression. The elevated levels in diseased human kidneys suggested possible correlation between OSM level and kidney tissue fibrosis. Indeed, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), a model of renal fibrosis, increased OSM and OSM receptor (OSM-R) expression in a time-dependent manner within hours following UUO. In vitro, OSM overexpression in tubular epithelial cells (TECs) resulted in epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. cDNA microarray technology identified up-regulated expression of immune modulators in obstructed compared with sham-operated kidneys. In vitro, OSM treatment up-regulated CC chemokine ligand CCL7, and CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)-14 mRNA in kidney fibroblasts. In vivo, treatment of UUO mice with neutralizing anti-OSM antibody decreased renal chemokines expression. In conclusion, OSM is up-regulated in kidney tissue early after urinary obstruction. Therefore, OSM might play an important role in initiation of renal fibrogenesis, possibly by inducing myofibroblast transdifferentiation of TECs as well as leukocyte infiltration. This process may, in turn, contribute in part to progression of obstructive nephropathy and makes OSM a promising therapeutic target in renal fibrosis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibodies, Blocking/administration & dosage ; Cell Transdifferentiation/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemokines/biosynthesis ; Chemokines/genetics ; Epithelial Cells/drug effects ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/pathology ; Fibrosis ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Kidney Tubules/metabolism ; Kidney Tubules/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Myofibroblasts/drug effects ; Myofibroblasts/metabolism ; Myofibroblasts/pathology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Oncostatin M/genetics ; Oncostatin M/immunology ; Oncostatin M/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Oncostatin M/genetics ; Receptors, Oncostatin M/immunology ; Receptors, Oncostatin M/metabolism ; Ureteral Obstruction/genetics ; Ureteral Obstruction/metabolism ; Ureteral Obstruction/pathology ; Ureteral Obstruction/physiopathology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Blocking ; Chemokines ; Receptors, Oncostatin M ; Oncostatin M (106956-32-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-07-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1226675-9
    ISSN 1557-7465 ; 1079-9907
    ISSN (online) 1557-7465
    ISSN 1079-9907
    DOI 10.1089/jir.2009.0105
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1748: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article: Platelet-monocyte complex formation: effect of blocking PSGL-1 alone, and in combination with alphaIIbbeta3 and alphaMbeta2, in coronary stenting.

    Fernandes, Laura S / Conde, Ian D / Wayne Smith, C / Kansas, Geoffrey S / Snapp, Karen R / Bennet, Nelson / Ballantyne, Christie / McIntire, Larry V / O'Brian Smith, E / Klem, Jeffrey A / Mathew, Shiba / Frangogiannis, Nikolaos / Turner, Nancy A / Maresh, Kelley J / Kleiman, Neal S

    Thrombosis research

    2003  Volume 111, Issue 3, Page(s) 171–177

    Abstract: Background: Binding of platelet P-selectin to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) is an initial event in the interactions between platelets and monocytes. Platelet-monocyte complexes (PMCs) have been implicated in several vascular disease ... ...

    Abstract Background: Binding of platelet P-selectin to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) is an initial event in the interactions between platelets and monocytes. Platelet-monocyte complexes (PMCs) have been implicated in several vascular disease processes, including acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and complications after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We investigated the effect of ex vivo blockade of PSGL-1, alone and in combination with blockade of the alphaMbeta(2) (Mac-1) and alpha(IIb)beta(3) (GP IIb/IIIa) integrins, on PMC formation.
    Methods and results: Dual-label flow cytometry was used to detect PMCs in the blood of 10 volunteers and 10 patients undergoing PCI who received intravenous GP IIb/IIIa antagonists. PSGL-1 blockade, both prior to and after platelet stimulation, markedly reduced the formation of PMCs. Concomitant ex vivo blockade of the alphaMbeta(2) and alpha(IIb)beta(3) integrins did not result in further decreases of PMCs compared to PSGL-1 blockade alone. Antagonism of PSGL-1 also led to near elimination of leukocyte-platelet interactions under flowing conditions.
    Conclusion: Blockade of PSGL-1 alone is sufficient to inhibit and reverse the formation of PMCs following platelet stimulation. Concurrent antagonism of PSGL-1 and the alpha(IIb)beta(3) and alphaMbeta(2) integrins was not more effective than inhibition of PSGL-1 alone. These results suggest that platelet-monocyte complex formation is mostly dependent on PSGL-1.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism ; Blood Platelets/metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Leukocytes/metabolism ; Macrophage-1 Antigen/metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes/metabolism ; P-Selectin/metabolism ; Platelet Activation ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex/metabolism ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Macrophage-1 Antigen ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; P-Selectin ; P-selectin ligand protein ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 121852-9
    ISSN 1879-2472 ; 0049-3848
    ISSN (online) 1879-2472
    ISSN 0049-3848
    DOI 10.1016/j.thromres.2003.08.017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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