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  1. AU="Weakland, Leo F"
  2. AU="Johannes Müller"
  3. AU="Yu, Jieh-Juen"

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  1. Article ; Online: Masks, money, and mandates: A national survey on efforts to increase COVID-19 vaccination intentions in the United States.

    Sargent, Rikki H / Laurie, Shaelyn / Moncada, Leah / Weakland, Leo F / Lavery, James V / Salmon, Daniel A / Orenstein, Walter A / Breiman, Robert F

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) e0267154

    Abstract: Various efforts to increase COVID-19 vaccination rates have been employed in the United States. We sought to rapidly investigate public reactions to these efforts to increase vaccination, including self-reported responses to widespread reduced masking ... ...

    Abstract Various efforts to increase COVID-19 vaccination rates have been employed in the United States. We sought to rapidly investigate public reactions to these efforts to increase vaccination, including self-reported responses to widespread reduced masking behavior, monetary incentive programs to get vaccinated, and work vaccination requirements. Using a unique method for data collection (Random Domain Intercept Technology), we captured a large (N = 14,152), broad-based sample of the United States Web-using population (data collected from June 30 -July 26, 2021). About 3/4 of respondents reported being vaccinated. The likelihood of vaccination and vaccination intention differed across various demographic indicators (e.g., gender, age, income, political leaning). We observed mixed reactions to efforts aimed at increasing vaccination rates among unvaccinated respondents. While some reported that specific efforts would increase their likelihood of getting vaccinated (between 16% and 32%), others reported that efforts would decrease their likelihood of getting vaccinated (between 17% and 42%). Reactions differed by general vaccination intention, as well as other demographic indicators (e.g., race, education). Our results highlight the need to fully understand reactions to policy changes, programs, and mandates before they are communicated to the public and employed. Moreover, the results emphasize the importance of understanding how reactions differ across groups, as this information can assist in targeting intervention efforts and minimizing potentially differential negative impact.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Intention ; Masks ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United States ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0267154
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Use of Random Domain Intercept Technology to Track COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in Real Time Across the United States: Survey Study.

    Sargent, Rikki H / Laurie, Shaelyn / Weakland, Leo F / Lavery, James V / Salmon, Daniel A / Orenstein, Walter A / Breiman, Robert F

    Journal of medical Internet research

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 7, Page(s) e37920

    Abstract: Background: Accurate and timely COVID-19 vaccination coverage data are vital for informing targeted, effective messaging and outreach and identifying barriers to equitable health service access. However, gathering vaccination rate data is challenging, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Accurate and timely COVID-19 vaccination coverage data are vital for informing targeted, effective messaging and outreach and identifying barriers to equitable health service access. However, gathering vaccination rate data is challenging, and efforts often result in information that is either limited in scope (eg, limited to administrative data) or delayed (impeding the ability to rapidly respond). The evaluation of innovative technologies and approaches that can assist in addressing these limitations globally are needed.
    Objective: The objective of this survey study was to assess the validity of Random Domain Intercept Technology (RDIT; RIWI Corp) for tracking self-reported vaccination rates in real time at the US national and state levels. RDIT-a form of online intercept sampling-has the potential to address the limitations of current vaccination tracking systems by allowing for the measurement of additional data (eg, attitudinal data) and real-time, rapid data collection anywhere there is web access.
    Methods: We used RDIT from June 30 to July 26, 2021, to reach a broad sample of US adult (aged ≥18 years) web users and asked questions related to COVID-19 vaccination. Self-reported vaccination status was used as the focus of this validation exercise. National- and state-level RDIT-based vaccination rates were compared to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-reported national and state vaccination rates. Johns Hopkins University's and Emory University's institutional review boards designated this project as public health practice to inform message development (not human subjects research).
    Results: By using RDIT, 63,853 adult web users reported their vaccination status (6.2% of the entire 1,026,850 American web-using population that was exposed to the survey). At the national level, the RDIT-based estimate of adult COVID-19 vaccine coverage was slightly higher (44,524/63,853, 69.7%; 95% CI 69.4%-70.1%) than the CDC-reported estimate (67.9%) on July 15, 2021 (ie, midway through data collection; t
    Conclusions: This broad-reaching, real-time data stream may provide unique advantages for tracking the use of a range of vaccines and for the timely evaluation of vaccination interventions. Moreover, RDIT could be harnessed to rapidly assess demographic, attitudinal, and behavioral constructs that are not available in administrative data, which could allow for deeper insights into the real-time predictors of vaccine uptake-enabling targeted and timely interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Technology ; United States ; Vaccination ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2028830-X
    ISSN 1438-8871 ; 1439-4456
    ISSN (online) 1438-8871
    ISSN 1439-4456
    DOI 10.2196/37920
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Evaluation of online videos to engage viewers and support decision-making for COVID-19 vaccination: how narratives and race/ethnicity enhance viewer experiences.

    Schuh, Holly B / Rimal, Rajiv N / Breiman, Robert F / Orton, Peter Z / Dudley, Matthew Z / Kao, Lee-Sien / Sargent, Rikki H / Laurie, Shaelyn / Weakland, Leo F / Lavery, James V / Orenstein, Walter A / Brewer, Janesse / Jamison, Amelia M / Shaw, Jana / Josiah Willock, Robina / Gust, Deborah A / Salmon, Daniel A

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1192676

    Abstract: Background: Vaccine hesitancy has hampered the control of COVID-19 and other vaccine-preventable diseases.: Methods: We conducted a national internet-based, quasi-experimental study to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine informational videos. Participants ... ...

    Abstract Background: Vaccine hesitancy has hampered the control of COVID-19 and other vaccine-preventable diseases.
    Methods: We conducted a national internet-based, quasi-experimental study to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine informational videos. Participants received an informational animated video paired with the randomized assignment of (1) a credible source (differing race/ethnicity) and (2) sequencing of a personal narrative before or after the video addressing their primary vaccine concern. We examined viewing time and asked video evaluation questions to those who viewed the full video.
    Results: Among 14,235 participants, 2,422 (17.0%) viewed the full video. Those who viewed a personal story first (concern video second) were 10 times more likely to view the full video (
    Conclusion: Using peer-delivered, personal narrative, and/or racially congruent credible sources to introduce and deliver vaccine safety information may improve the openness of vaccine message recipients to messages and engagement.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Ethnicity ; COVID-19 ; Vaccination ; Intention
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1192676
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Impact of vaccine pause due to Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) following vaccination with the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine manufactured by Janssen/Johnson & Johnson on vaccine hesitancy and acceptance among the unvaccinated population.

    Salmon, Daniel A / Schuh, Holly B / Sargent, Rikki H / Konja, Alexis / Harvey, Steven A / Laurie, Shaelyn / Mai, Brandy S / Weakland, Leo F / Lavery, James V / Orenstein, Walter A / Breiman, Robert F

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 10, Page(s) e0274443

    Abstract: Background: In response to reports of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) post-vaccination, the Johnson & Johnson (J&J) vaccine was paused and then restarted in April 2021. Our objective was to assess whether this pause adversely impacted ... ...

    Abstract Background: In response to reports of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) post-vaccination, the Johnson & Johnson (J&J) vaccine was paused and then restarted in April 2021. Our objective was to assess whether this pause adversely impacted vaccine confidence.
    Methods: Two large internet-based surveys were conducted in the US among adults to measure knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of the J&J vaccine pause and rates of vaccine hesitancy among unvaccinated persons before, during and after the pause.
    Results: Among 66% of respondents aware of the pause, 44% identified blood clots as the reason for the pause without prompting. The impact of the pause on vaccine behavior among unvaccinated persons and perception of the vaccine safety system was mixed and modified by trust in the public health authorities. Those who were less willing to get vaccinated because of the pause were less inclined for all vaccines, not only the J&J product. Moreover, a notable proportion (22.1%) of the small number of persons (n = 30) vaccinated with the J&J vaccine after the pause reported not receiving information about the risk of TTS. The proportion of unvaccinated persons who were hesitant was increasing before and during the pause and then leveled off after the pause.
    Conclusions: The J&J vaccine pause is unlikely to be a major barrier to vaccine uptake. Public attitudes about vaccines may be more resilient than appreciated, especially when safety issues are investigated with transparent communication. This paper has important implications for messaging and program administration with future vaccine-specific adverse events. Efforts may be warranted to ensure all persons being offered the J&J vaccine are made aware of the risk of TTS.
    MeSH term(s) Ad26COVS1 ; Adult ; COVID-19 ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Parents ; Thrombocytopenia/etiology ; Thrombosis/etiology ; Vaccination/adverse effects ; Vaccination Hesitancy ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances Ad26COVS1 ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0274443
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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